The Dodgeville Chronicle is a weekly newspaper published on Thursday in Dodgeville, Wisconsin . It is read throughout Iowa County, Wisconsin and surrounding counties. The chronicle also publishes a small newspaper, the Democrat-Tribune , for Mineral Point.
107-411: The first edition of the newspapers was published on Thursday, September 18, 1862. In 1911, Russell Kessler started working at the paper as a printers "devil" for a weekly wage of $ 7. Kessler purchased the paper and became sole owner in 1936. He married Lillian Holt in 1939, who became the paper's owner following his death in 1943. In the late 1960's, Lillian's nephews Mike and Pat Reilly started work at
214-608: A German immigrant, it was renamed Lake Brewery—although some accounts refer to the brewery as Owens Brewery after the brewery's primary owner. Other breweries established during this early period include Eagle Brewery, Empire Brewery , and Gipfel Union Brewery. Between 1840 and 1860, about 35 breweries were established in the Milwaukee area. The Milwaukee River was an important waterway for these early thriving businesses as well as ice that helped maintain proper temperatures for lager . By 1860, there were 30 breweries operating in
321-408: A brewery in the Milwaukee area around 1852. Unfortunately, due to a cholera outbreak, they both perished. Shortly thereafter, George Schweickhardt and his brother came from Buffalo, New York and completed construction of the site. The George Schweickhardt Menomonee Brewery was opened in 1856. In 1871, Schweickhardt added a partner by the name of Adam Gettelman. By 1876, Gettelman became sole owner of
428-437: A brewery in the Milwaukee area. In its first year of operations it produced 150 barrels of beer. A year later he hired Joseph Schlitz as his bookkeeper. When Krug died unexpectedly at the end of 1856, Schlitz took over the managing operations of the business and married Krug's widow in 1858. During this early period the brewery had a capacity of 2,000 barrels. In 1861, the brewery was renamed Joseph Schlitz Brewing Company. During
535-494: A brewery. They purchased a malt house of the former Eagle Brewery and began operations in 1856 under the name Bavaria Brewery. Falk bought out Goes in 1866 and renamed the company Franz Falk and Company. During this time the company produced 5,468 barrels of beer. By 1874, Falk was the fourth-largest brewer in the city behind Pabst, Schlitz, and Blatz. In 1880, the company won awards in San Francisco and Australia . In 1881,
642-493: A couple years. Later that same year, after Braun died, he married his widow. In 1852 Blatz purchased Braun's brewery. He industrialized the brewery and by the 1860s was among the leading brewers in the city. In 1861, the company sold 8,000 barrels of beer. By 1867, Blatz was the largest producer of beer in the city. In 1871, they sold 34,000 barrels of beer. A fire destroyed the brewery in 1872, however Blatz rebuilt it with larger capacity and by 1875 sold 65,000 barrels of beer. Blatz
749-448: A dominant position in law and politics, enacting policies that marginalized the region's earlier Native American and French-Canadian residents. Yankees also speculated in real estate, platted towns such as Racine, Beloit, Burlington, and Janesville, and established schools, civic institutions, and Congregationalist churches. At the same time, many Germans , Irish, Norwegians , and other immigrants also settled in towns and farms across
856-592: A religion or spiritual tradition were approximately 75% of the state's population. 69% of Wisconsinites self-identified as Christian . Specifically, 25% of respondents identified as Mainline Protestant , 12% as Evangelical Protestant , 4% as other Protestants, and 27% as Catholic . Roughly 25% of the population were unaffiliated with any religious body. Small minorities of Jews (1%), Hindus (1%), Buddhists (1%), Jehovah's Witnesses (1%), Unitarian Universalists (1%), Muslims (<1%), Mormons (<1%), and other faiths exist according to this study. Christianity
963-479: A significant portion of its business to the British investors in 1891, which called the company United States Brewing Company. Blatz remained with the company until his death in 1894. During this time, Blatz produced 365,000 of barrels of beer annually and was the third largest brewer (behind Pabst and Schlitz) in Milwaukee. Frederick Goes and Franz Falk became partners in 1855 with the intent of becoming owners of
1070-404: A trading post at Green Bay in 1745, and moving there permanently in 1764. Settlement began at Prairie du Chien around 1781. The French residents at the trading post in what is now Green Bay, referred to the town as "La Baye". However, British fur traders referred to it as "Green Bay", because the water and the shore assumed green tints in early spring. The old French title was gradually dropped, and
1177-656: Is Hmong , with significant communities in Milwaukee , Wausau , Green Bay , Sheboygan , Appleton , Madison , La Crosse , Eau Claire , Oshkosh , and Manitowoc . 61,629 people in Wisconsin, or around 1% of the population, identify as Hmong. Of the residents of Wisconsin, 71.7% were born in Wisconsin, 23.0% were born in a different US state, 0.7% were born in Puerto Rico, U.S. Island areas, or born abroad to American parent(s), and 4.6% were foreign born. In 2018,
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#17327834880081284-583: Is Madison . Other urban areas include Green Bay , Kenosha , Racine , Eau Claire , and the Fox Cities . Wisconsin's geography is diverse, shaped by Ice Age glaciers except for the Driftless Area . The Northern Highland and Western Upland along with a part of the Central Plain occupy the western part of the state, with lowlands stretching to the shore of Lake Michigan. Wisconsin
1391-499: Is also a major contributor to the state's economy. The gross domestic product in 2020 was $ 348 billion. Wisconsin is home to one UNESCO World Heritage Site , comprising two of the most significant buildings designed by Wisconsin-born architect Frank Lloyd Wright : his studio at Taliesin near Spring Green and his Jacobs I House in Madison. The Republican Party was founded in Wisconsin in 1854; in modern elections, it
1498-644: Is considered a swing state . The word Wisconsin originates from the name given to the Wisconsin River by one of the Algonquian -speaking Native American groups living in the region at the time of European colonization . The French explorer Jacques Marquette was the first European to reach the Wisconsin River, arriving in 1673 and calling the river Meskousing (likely ᒣᔅᑯᐤᓯᣙ meskowsin ) in his journal. Subsequent French writers changed
1605-632: Is famous: Pabst has made it so". By the end of the 19th century, Pabst's beer could be found in almost every major city in the United States. Several factors contributed to Milwaukee's brewing industry to become world renowned including its close proximity to Chicago in the wake of the Great Chicago Fire , and the aggressive business styles of the beer barons that emerged during those formative years leading up to its worldwide status. The rise of Milwaukee's brewing industry continued into
1712-538: Is particularly famous for its cheese . The state is also famous for its beer , particularly and historically in Milwaukee , most notably as the headquarters of the Miller Brewing Company . Wisconsin has some of the most permissive alcohol laws in the country and is known for its drinking culture . Its economy is dominated by manufacturing, healthcare, information technology, and agriculture—specifically dairy, cranberries , and ginseng . Tourism
1819-745: Is the largest inland lake, with over 137,700 acres (557 km ), and 88 miles (142 km) of shoreline. Along the two Great Lakes, Wisconsin has over 500 miles (800 km) of shoreline. Many of the named islands in Wisconsin are located in the Great Lakes; many surround the Door Peninsula in Lake Michigan or are part of the Apostle Islands in Lake Superior. The Mississippi River and inland lakes and rivers contain
1926-550: Is the only county in the eastern United States with a Native American majority. African Americans came to Milwaukee, especially from 1940 on. 86% of Wisconsin's African-American population live in four cities: Milwaukee , Racine , Beloit , Kenosha , with Milwaukee home to nearly three-fourths of the state's black Americans. In the Great Lakes region, only Detroit and Cleveland have a higher percentage of African-American residents. About 33% of Wisconsin's Asian population
2033-894: Is the predominant religion in Wisconsin. Per the Association of Religion Data Archives ' 2020 study, Catholicism was the single-largest denomination with 1,237,342 adherents, followed by the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America with 316,245 members and the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod with 209,788 adherents. 276,904 adhered to nondenominational Christianity . Statewide FBI Crime statistics for 2009 include 144 murders/non-negligent manslaughter; 1,108 rapes; 4,850 robberies; 8,431 aggravated assaults; and 147,486 property crimes. Wisconsin also publishes its own statistics through
2140-579: Is third to Ontario and Michigan in the length of its Great Lakes coastline. The northern portion of the state is home to the Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest . At the time of European contact, the area was inhabited by Algonquian and Siouan nations, and today it is home to eleven federally recognized tribes . Originally part of the Northwest Territory , it was admitted as a state in 1848. During
2247-671: The Great Lakes and the Mississippi River, Wisconsin is home to a wide variety of geographical features. The state is divided into five distinct regions. In the north, the Lake Superior Lowland occupies a belt of land along Lake Superior. Just to the south, the Northern Highland has massive mixed hardwood and coniferous forests including the 1,500,000-acre (610,000-hectare) Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest , as well as thousands of glacial lakes, and
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#17327834880082354-810: The Magnesian Escarpment . In the southwest, the Western Upland is a rugged landscape with a mix of forest and farmland, including many bluffs on the Mississippi River, and the Baraboo Range . This region is part of the Driftless Area , which also includes portions of Iowa, Illinois, and Minnesota. Overall, 46% of Wisconsin's land area is covered by forest. Wisconsin has geologic formations and deposits that vary in age from over three billion years to several thousand years, with most rocks being millions of years old. The oldest geologic formations were created over 600 million years ago during
2461-466: The Milwaukee Brewers , and on beer brands such as Old Milwaukee and Milwaukee's Best . The city's major brewers have included Miller , Pabst , and Schlitz . MillerCoors , the city's largest brewery, produces 10 million barrels of beer a year. Milwaukee's first brewery opened in 1840 by Welsh settlers who named it Milwaukee Brewery. After a similar independent brewery was opened by
2568-654: The Mississippian and Oneota cultures built substantial settlements including the fortified village at Aztalan in southeast Wisconsin. The Oneota may be the ancestors of the modern Ioway and Ho-Chunk nations who shared the Wisconsin region with the Menominee at the time of European contact. Other Native American groups living in Wisconsin when Europeans first settled included the Ojibwa , Sauk , Fox , Kickapoo , and Pottawatomie , who migrated to Wisconsin from
2675-768: The Precambrian , with the majority being below the glacial deposits. Much of the Baraboo Range consists of Baraboo Quartzite , and other Precambrian metamorphic rock . This area was not covered by glaciers during the most recent ice age, the Wisconsin Glaciation . Langlade County has a soil rarely found outside the county called Antigo silt loam . The state has more than 12,000 named rivers and streams, totaling 84,000 miles (135,000 km) in length. It has over 15,000 named lakes, totaling about 1 million acres (4,000 km ). Lake Winnebago
2782-634: The Prohibition movement was designed to confront the disreputable saloons where prostitution and gambling were seen as major problems. Carrie Nation , a temperance movement leader, said "If there is any place that is hell on earth, it is Milwaukee." In 1917, the Food and Fuel Control Act shut down all distilleries and one year later a wartime prohibition amendment was passed by the United States Congress which effectively prevented
2889-793: The Tank Cottage in Green Bay in 1776. Located in Heritage Hill State Historical Park , it is the oldest standing building from Wisconsin's early years and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . Wisconsin became a territorial possession of the United States in 1783 after the American Revolutionary War . In 1787, it became part of the Northwest Territory . As territorial boundaries subsequently developed, it
2996-573: The UW-Extension system at this time. Later, UW economics professors John R. Commons and Harold Groves helped Wisconsin create the first unemployment compensation program in the United States in 1932. Other Wisconsin Idea scholars at the university generated the plan that became the New Deal's Social Security Act of 1935, with Wisconsin expert Arthur J. Altmeyer playing the key role. In
3103-463: The University of Wisconsin , helped the state build a reputation as "America's Dairyland". Meanwhile, conservationists including Aldo Leopold helped re-establish the state's forests during the early 20th century, paving the way for a more renewable lumber and paper milling industry as well as promoting recreational tourism in the northern woodlands. Manufacturing also boomed in Wisconsin during
3210-533: The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources . The Division of Forestry manages a further 471,329 acres (1,907.40 km ) in Wisconsin's state forests . Most of Wisconsin is classified as warm-summer humid continental climate ( Köppen Dfb ), while southern and southwestern portions are classified as hot-summer humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa ). The highest temperature ever recorded in
3317-530: The civil war , demand rose for the company and business increased to 4,400 barrels annually. The Great Chicago Fire of 1871 furthered opportunity for demand for the brewer when the brewing industry in Chicago was wiped out. In 1873, the company expanded by purchasing the Pfiefer Brewery that was located within the city. During this time period, Schlitz was the second-leading brewer (5,430 barrels) in
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3424-585: The revolution taking place in Germany , several beer giants emigrated to the United States including Jacob Best , Valentin Blatz , Franz Falk , and August Krug . The Jacob Obermann Brewery , opened in 1854, was the largest brewery in the city for 20 years. By 1860, the largest producer of beer was the C.T. Melms Brewery. After the Great Chicago Fire of 1871 destroyed the Chicago brewing industry, Milwaukee
3531-412: The 19th and early 20th centuries, many European settlers entered the state, most of whom emigrated from Germany and Scandinavia . Wisconsin remains a center of German American and Scandinavian American culture, particularly in respect to its cuisine , with foods such as bratwurst and kringle . Wisconsin is one of the nation's leading dairy producers and is known as "America's Dairyland"; it
3638-556: The 20th century, a number of African Americans and Mexicans settled in Milwaukee ; and after the end of the Vietnam War came an influx of Hmongs . The various ethnic groups settled in different areas of the state. Although German immigrants settled throughout the state, the largest concentration was in Milwaukee. Norwegian immigrants settled in lumbering and farming areas in the north and west. Irish, Italian, and Polish immigrants settled primarily in urban areas. Menominee County
3745-633: The 20th century, as heavy industry and manufacturing declined in favor of a service economy based on medicine, education, agribusiness, and tourism. In 2011, Wisconsin became the focus of some controversy when newly elected governor Scott Walker proposed and then successfully passed and enacted 2011 Wisconsin Act 10 , which made large changes in the areas of collective bargaining, compensation, retirement, health insurance, and sick leave of public sector employees, among other changes. A series of major protests by union supporters took place that year in protest to
3852-451: The 20th century. In 1900, Schlitz Brewery began bottling its own beer. In 1901, Independent Milwaukee Brewery , a mid-level sized brewer, opened in the city. By 1903, Schlitz surpassed Pabst as the world's best-selling beer. That same year, Miller introduced their flagship brand High Life. In 1912, Schlitz started using brown bottles in its bottling process which was the first time a brewer had done so. During this time period, Milwaukee
3959-461: The British name of "Green Bay" eventually stuck. The region coming under British rule had virtually no adverse effect on the French residents as the British needed the cooperation of the French fur traders and the French fur traders needed the goodwill of the British. During the French occupation of the region licenses for fur trading had been issued scarcely and only to select groups of traders, whereas
4066-477: The British, in an effort to make as much money as possible from the region, issued licenses for fur trading freely, both to British and to French residents. The fur trade in what is now Wisconsin reached its height under British rule, and the first self-sustaining farms in the state were established as well. From 1763 to 1780, Green Bay was a prosperous community which produced its own foodstuff, built graceful cottages and held dances and festivities. Joseph Roi built
4173-575: The Bureau of Justice Information and Analysis. The state reported 14,603 violent crimes in 2009, with a clearance rate (% solved) of 50%. The state reported 4,633 sexual assaults in 2009, with an overall clearance rate for sexual assaults of 57%. Beer in Milwaukee The city of Milwaukee in the U.S. state of Wisconsin has been associated with beer throughout its history. This heritage can be found in its Major League Baseball team,
4280-474: The Chicago World's Columbian Exposition in 1893, Best's Select was renamed Pabst Blue Ribbon in 1898. During this time, the brewer was producing over 1 million barrels of beer annually, thanks in large part to the acquisition of the then fourth-largest brewer in the city, Falk, Jung, and Borchert Brewery in 1892, made Pabst the largest brewer of lager in the world. In 1849, August Krug founded
4387-499: The Lake Superior snowbelt each year. Wisconsin has three types of municipality: cities, villages, and towns. Cities and villages are incorporated urban areas. Towns are unincorporated minor civil divisions of counties with limited self-government. Over two-thirds of Wisconsin residents live in urban areas. Milwaukee , in southeastern Wisconsin, is the state's most populous city, with approximately 580,000 people. The Milwaukee metropolitan area accounts for 1.57 million of
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4494-476: The U.S. and Europe to the lead deposits located at Mineral Point , Dodgeville , and nearby areas. Some miners found shelter in the holes they had dug, and earned the nickname "badgers", leading to Wisconsin's identity as the "Badger State". The sudden influx of white miners prompted tension with the local Native American population. The Winnebago War of 1827 and the Black Hawk War of 1832 culminated in
4601-405: The U.S. resulted in a net decrease of 72,006 people. According to HUD 's 2022 Annual Homeless Assessment Report , there were an estimated 4,775 homeless people in Wisconsin. (of any race) In 2022, the five largest European ancestry groups were: German (36%), Irish (10.2%), Polish (7.9%), English (6.7%), and Norwegian (6.3%). German is the most common ancestry in every county in
4708-412: The United States. In 1937, long-time mid-sized Milwaukee brewer Cream City Brewing Company went out of business. In 1947, Blatz was the ninth largest brewer in the United States. In 1948, Schlitz was producing 4 million barrels of beer annually, more than any brewer in the world. By 1950, Schlitz shipped more than five million barrels of beer and Pabst 3.4 million barrels of beer. In 1950, Schlitz
4815-667: The aftermath of these events. During the Civil War , around 91,000 troops from Wisconsin fought for the Union . Wisconsin's economy also diversified during the early years of statehood. While lead mining diminished, agriculture became a principal occupation in the southern half of the state. Railroads were built across the state to help transport grains to market, and industries like J.I. Case & Company in Racine were founded to build agricultural equipment. Wisconsin briefly became one of
4922-409: The brewery began pasteurizing their product and grew to become the city's fifth largest. By 1887, it had become the fourth largest and by 1888 (when the named changed to Frederick Miller Brewing Company), the brewery had a capacity of 80,000 barrels of beer. The company continued to expand and update its operations throughout the 1890s. Two men by the names of Strohn and Reitzenstein began building
5029-566: The business for high quality product. The company established two flagship brands including "$ 1,000 Beer" in 1891 and Milwaukee's Best in 1895. The brewer became the smallest of the "big five" producers of beer in Milwaukee. As the nineteenth century came to a close, Milwaukee was well known as a national leader in the production of beer. The city was famous for its beer production to the point that its two leading brewers used slogans referring to its Milwaukee heritage; Schlitz with "The Beer That Made Milwaukee Famous" and Pabst with "Milwaukee beer
5136-549: The changes, and Walker survived a recall election held the next year , becoming the first governor in United States history to do so. Wisconsin is located in the Midwestern United States and is part of both the Great Lakes region and Upper Midwest . The state has a total area of 65,496 square miles (169,630 km ). Wisconsin is bordered by the Montreal River ; Lake Superior and Michigan to
5243-461: The city behind Pabst (9,763 barrels). By 1875, the company was producing 74,000 barrels of beer annually. While traveling to Germany, the ship Schlitz was traveling on sank and he was presumed dead. Schlitz's nephews, the Uihlein's, took over the operations thereafter. By 1878, the company produced 102,538 barrels of beer, or stated another way, over two million bottles of beer. By 1879, production for
5350-718: The city for the first time in seventeen years. In 1987, Lakefront Brewery opened a craft beer operation in Milwaukee. Heileman sold the Blatz plant to Miller after failed sales expectations, which went on to use the plant for its Leinenkugel beer production in 1995. In 1996, Pabst closed its Milwaukee brewery and moved its headquarters to Chicago. In 1997, Milwaukee Brewing Company began operations in Milwaukee. In 1998, Miller contracted with Pabst to begin brewing brands held by Pabst. In 1999, Pabst acquired Stroh Brewing Company which eventually brought famous Milwaukee brands Schlitz and Old Milwaukee back into Milwaukee production. In 2002, Miller sold to SABMiller . When Anheuser-Busch
5457-401: The city of Milwaukee which had a population of 45,000 people. Milwaukee has been home to over 70 breweries and over 100 brewing companies throughout the course of its history. Of these, several major breweries grew during the 1850s. Many of those who ran these operations brought their knowledge from Germany where they learned the industrialized brewing process. Due to the turmoil wrought by
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#17327834880085564-440: The company became the largest producer of beer in the city and remained in this position for the remainder of the 19th century. During this time period, the company was managed by Philip Best's sons-in-law Frederick Pabst and Emil Schandein. In 1869, the company purchased the then-third largest brewery in the city which had been owned by C. T. Melms. By 1874, the company was producing 100,000 barrels of beer annually and became
5671-447: The company by buying out Schweickhardt's son-in-law Charles Schuckmann, who had bought his portion from the brewery's founder a few years prior. In 1877, the brewery suffered fire damage and caused a significant financial loss for the company as the insurance covered only about half of the loss due to the fire. The company was renamed A. Gettelman Brewing Company in 1887. The brewer kept its brewery relatively small so as to be able to manage
5778-564: The company doubled. During this time period, beer was shipped by the company throughout the United States , Mexico , Central America , and Brazil . By 1886, the company was producing 500,000 barrels annually of which 1/6th was consumed locally. In 1893 the company introduced its successful advertising campaign "The Beer that Made Milwaukee Famous". Valentin Blatz opened his brewery in 1851 after having worked for John Braun of City Brewery (which had been in operation since 1846) for
5885-409: The company incorporated under the name Franz Falk Brewing Corporation. By 1882 the company was one of the leading breweries in the United States. By 1886 the company was shipping their beer throughout the United States , East Indies , Sandwich Islands , Mexico , and South America . During this time the company was producing 25,000 barrels of beer annually. In 1889, the corporation merged with one of
5992-536: The countries of origin for Wisconsin's immigrants came from Mexico, India, China, Laos and the Philippines . Note: Births in table add to over 100%, because Hispanics are counted both by their ethnicity and by their race, giving a higher overall number. Religious self-identification, per Public Religion Research Institute 's 2022 American Values Survey According to Public Religion Research Institute 's 2022 American Values Survey , those identifying with
6099-481: The early 20th century, driven by an immense immigrant workforce arriving from Europe. Industries in cities like Milwaukee ranged from brewing and food processing to heavy machine production and tool-making, leading Wisconsin to rank 8th among U.S. states in total product value by 1910. The early 20th century was also notable for the emergence of progressive politics championed by Robert M. La Follette . Between 1901 and 1914, Progressive Republicans in Wisconsin created
6206-520: The east between 1500 and 1700. The first European to visit what became Wisconsin was probably the French explorer Jean Nicolet . He canoed west from Georgian Bay through the Great Lakes in 1634, and it is traditionally assumed that he came ashore near Green Bay at Red Banks . Pierre Radisson and Médard des Groseilliers visited Green Bay again in 1654–1666 and Chequamegon Bay in 1659–1660, where they traded for fur with local Native Americans. In 1673, Jacques Marquette and Louis Jolliet became
6313-557: The eighteenth amendment was repealed, Schlitz retained its position as the top beer producer in the world. During this time, the brewer introduced its Old Milwaukee brand. Pabst fell to third behind St. Louis -based Anheuser-Busch Brewing Association . By the mid-1930s there were nine breweries operating in the city. The output from these breweries exceeded the pre-prohibition output value by 10 percent. During these years, Schlitz and Pabst began expanding their operations nationally by purchasing production facilities in other cities within
6420-597: The first governor of Wisconsin , was a Democrat . Dewey oversaw the transition from the territorial to the new state government. He encouraged the development of the state's infrastructure, particularly the construction of new roads, railroads, canals, and harbors, as well as the improvement of the Fox and Wisconsin Rivers . During his administration, the State Board of Public Works was organized. Dewey, an abolitionist ,
6527-406: The first brewery in Milwaukee since the end of prohibition. In its first year of production, Sprecher Brewing Company made less than 1,000 barrels of beer. The company has since become a leader in Milwaukee's craft beer industry. That same year, Pabst sold to venture capitalist Paul Kalmanovitz . In 1986, Heileman built a brewery in the Milwaukee area so that Blatz beer production could resume in
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#17327834880086634-640: The first to record a journey on the Fox-Wisconsin Waterway all the way to the Mississippi River near Prairie du Chien . Frenchmen like Nicholas Perrot continued to ply the fur trade across Wisconsin through the 17th and 18th centuries, but the French made no permanent settlements in Wisconsin before Great Britain won control of the region following the French and Indian War in 1763. Even so, French traders continued to work in
6741-635: The forced removal of Native Americans from most parts of the state. Following these conflicts, Wisconsin Territory was created by an act of the United States Congress on April 20, 1836. By fall of that year, the best prairie groves of the counties surrounding what is now Milwaukee were occupied by farmers from the New England states. The Erie Canal facilitated the travel of both Yankee settlers and European immigrants to Wisconsin Territory. Yankees from New England and upstate New York seized
6848-498: The former Blatz Milwaukee brewery in 1959 but retained its brands. The purchase of Blatz catapulted Pabst back to the third-largest brewer in 1961 after having fallen outside the top five. Also in 1961, A. Gettelman Brewing Company sold to Miller Brewing Company. In 1962, Independent Milwaukee Brewery produced 133,000 barrels of beer. However, the brewer ceased operations after 63 years of business in 1964. In 1967, Schlitz changed its brewing process to accelerate fermentation which
6955-476: The fur trading industry in Wisconsin occurred in 1791, when two free African Americans set up a fur trading post among the Menominee at present-day Marinette . The first permanent settlers, mostly French Canadians , some Anglo- New Englanders and a few African American freedmen, arrived in Wisconsin while it was under British control. Charles de Langlade is generally recognized as the first settler, establishing
7062-486: The ice age ended around 8000 BCE, people in the subsequent Archaic period lived by hunting, fishing, and gathering food from wild plants. Agricultural societies emerged gradually over the Woodland period between 1000 BCE to 1000 CE. Toward the end of this period, Wisconsin was the heartland of the " Effigy Mound culture", which built thousands of animal-shaped mounds across the landscape. Later, between 1000 and 1500 CE,
7169-773: The immediate aftermath of World War II , citizens of Wisconsin were divided over issues such as creation of the United Nations , support for the European recovery, and the growth of the Soviet Union 's power. However, when Europe divided into Communist and capitalist camps and the Chinese Communist Revolution succeeded in 1949, public opinion began to move towards support for the protection of democracy and capitalism against Communist expansion. Wisconsin took part in several political extremes in
7276-472: The largest beer producer in the United States. The company's flagship brand Best's Select won awards in the 1870s (Gold Metals at Philadelphia's Centennial in 1876 and Paris' World's Fair in 1878). By 1882, the company started adding a blue ribbon to its beer brand at the beer competitions. After partner Emil Schandein's death in 1888, Frederick Pabst became sole owner of the company and renamed it Pabst Brewing Company in 1889. After winning another gold medal at
7383-406: The major Milwaukee brewing dynasties was founded by Jacob Best with Best and Company in 1844 along with his four sons Jacob Jr., Charles, Phillip, and Lorenz. The German immigrant family started with 300 barrels of beer in annual production. By 1859, Jacob's son Philip was the sole owner and he renamed the company (which by then was known as Empire Brewery) to Philip Best Brewing Company. By 1868,
7490-451: The major brewers in the city (Jung and Borchert) and formed the Falk, Jung and Borchert Brewery Corporation. This gave the new company a brewing capacity of 200,000 barrels of beer annually which was enough to compete with Blatz for third position within the hierarchy of brewers in the city. Unfortunately, there was a fire at the brewery during the summer of 1889. Despite the setback, the brewery
7597-438: The metro area. Other metropolitan cities in the state include Appleton , Racine , Oshkosh , Eau Claire , Janesville , Wausau , La Crosse , Sheboygan , and Fond du Lac . Furthermore, another 12 cities function as centers of micropolitan statistical areas which typically anchor a network of working farms surrounding them. As of 2011, there were 12 cities in Wisconsin with a population of 50,000 or more, accounting for 73% of
7704-517: The mid to late 20th century, ranging from the anti-communist crusades of Senator Joseph McCarthy in the 1950s to the radical antiwar protests at UW-Madison that culminated in the Sterling Hall bombing in August 1970. The state undertook welfare reform under Republican Governor Tommy Thompson during the 1990s. The state's economy also underwent further transformations towards the close of
7811-482: The nation's first comprehensive statewide primary election system, the first effective workplace injury compensation law, and the first state income tax , making taxation proportional to actual earnings. During World War I , due to the neutrality of Wisconsin and many Wisconsin Republicans , progressives , and German immigrants which made up 30 to 40 percent of the state population, Wisconsin would gain
7918-421: The nation's leading producers of wheat during the 1860s. Meanwhile, the lumber industry dominated in the heavily forested northern sections of Wisconsin, and sawmills sprang up in cities like La Crosse , Eau Claire , and Wausau . These economic activities had dire environmental consequences. By the close of the 19th century, intensive agriculture had devastated soil fertility, and lumbering had deforested most of
8025-492: The new brewery will produce a fraction (4,000 barrels a year) of its previous plant's output. Lakefront Brewery production reached 46,000 barrels of beer by 2017. Since 2015, nearly two dozen craft brewing companies have been established in Milwaukee. In 2020, Molson Coors changed the name of their Milwaukee operations from MillerCoors to Molson Coors Beverage Company . In late December 2020, Pabst closed its operations in Milwaukee after only three years re-establishing itself in
8132-517: The nickname "Traitor State" which was used by many "hyper patriots". As the war raged on in Europe, Robert M. La Follette , leader of the anti-war movement in Wisconsin. led a group of progressive senators in blocking a bill by president Woodrow Wilson which would have armed merchant ships with guns. Many Wisconsin politicians such as Emanuel L. Philipp and Irvine Lenroot were accused of having divided loyalties. Even with outspoken opponents to
8239-467: The north; by Lake Michigan to the east; by Illinois to the south; and by Iowa to the southwest and Minnesota to the northwest. A border dispute with Michigan was settled by two cases, both Wisconsin v. Michigan , in 1934 and 1935. The state's boundaries include the Mississippi River and St. Croix River in the west, and the Menominee River in the northeast. With its location between
8346-523: The paper. Lillian died in 1984, and Pat and Mike are co-publishers of the paper as of 2023. This Wisconsin -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Wisconsin Wisconsin ( / w ɪ ˈ s k ɒ n s ɪ n / wiss- CON -sin ) is a state in the Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest of the United States . It borders Minnesota to
8453-515: The period of French fur traders, the next wave of settlers were miners, many of whom were Cornish , who settled the southwestern area of the state. The next wave was dominated by "Yankees", migrants of English descent from New England and upstate New York ; in the early years of statehood, they dominated the state's heavy industry, finance, politics, and education. Between 1850 and 1900, the immigrants were mostly Germans , Scandinavians (the largest group being Norwegian ), Irish , and Poles . In
8560-426: The region after the war, and some, beginning with Charles de Langlade in 1764, settled in Wisconsin permanently, rather than returning to British-controlled Canada. The British gradually took over Wisconsin during the French and Indian War, taking control of Green Bay in 1761 and gaining control of all of Wisconsin in 1763. Like the French, the British were interested in little but the fur trade. One notable event in
8667-816: The rest of the islands of Wisconsin. Areas under the protection of the National Park Service include the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore , Ice Age National Scenic Trail , and portions of the Saint Croix National Scenic Riverway and North Country National Scenic Trail . There are an additional 18 National Natural Landmarks in the state that include dune and swales, swamps, bogs, and old-growth forests. Wisconsin has 50 state park units , covering more than 60,570 acres (245.1 km ) in state parks and state recreation areas maintained by
8774-543: The river and the red sandstone that lines its banks. One leading theory holds that the name originated from the Miami word Meskonsing , meaning ' it lies red ' , a reference to the setting of the Wisconsin River as it flows through the reddish sandstone of the Wisconsin Dells . Other theories include claims that the name originated from one of a variety of Ojibwa words meaning ' red stone place ' , ' where
8881-619: The seventh-leading national brewer to number two behind Anheuser-Busch in a matter of eight years. By 1980, Milwaukee boasted the second (Miller), third (Pabst), and fourth (Schlitz) largest brewing companies in the United States and had the largest brewing capacity in the world. In 1981, the workers at Schlitz went on strike. When an agreement could not be reached, the brewer closed its Milwaukee plant. Pabst and Heileman both made bids to purchase beleaguered Schlitz, but ultimately sold to Stroh Brewing Company in 1982. In 1985, Randal Sprecher, former supervisor at Pabst Brewing Company, opened
8988-514: The spelling from Meskousing to Ouisconsin , and over time this became the name for both the Wisconsin River and the surrounding lands. English speakers anglicized the spelling from Ouisconsin to Wisconsin when they began to arrive in large numbers during the early 19th century. The legislature of Wisconsin Territory made the current spelling official in 1845. The Algonquian word for Wisconsin and its original meaning have both grown obscure. While interpretations vary, most implicate
9095-495: The state was in the Wisconsin Dells, on July 13, 1936, where it reached 114 °F (46 °C). The lowest temperature ever recorded in Wisconsin was in the village of Couderay , where it reached −55 °F (−48 °C) on both February 2 and 4, 1996. Wisconsin also receives a large amount of regular snowfall averaging around 40 inches (100 cm) in the southern portions with up to 160 inches (410 cm) annually in
9202-447: The state's employment. The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of Wisconsin was 5,822,434 on July 1, 2019, a 2.4% increase since the 2010 United States census . This includes a natural increase since the last census of 150,659 people (i.e., 614,771 births minus 464,112 deaths) and a decrease due to net migration of 12,755 people. Immigration resulted in a net increase of 59,251 people, and migration from within
9309-602: The state's highest point, Timms Hill . In the middle of the state, the Central Plain has some unique sandstone formations like the Dells of the Wisconsin River in addition to rich farmland. The Eastern Ridges and Lowlands region in the southeast is home to many of Wisconsin's largest cities. The ridges include the Niagara Escarpment that stretches from New York, the Black River Escarpment and
9416-446: The state's residents. With a population of nearly 280,000, the state capital of Madison is consistently ranked as one of the most livable cities in both the state and country and is the fastest-growing city in Wisconsin. The Madison metropolitan area in southern Wisconsin has about 680,000 residents. Medium-size cities dot the state. The largest of these is Green Bay in northeastern Wisconsin, with approximately 320,000 people in
9523-533: The state, except Menominee, Trempealeau, and Vernon. Wisconsin has the highest percentage of residents of Polish ancestry of any state. According to the 2022 American Community Survey , 7.6% of Wisconsin's population were of Hispanic or Latino origin (of any race). The largest Hispanic ancestry groups were Mexican (5.1%), Puerto Rican (1.1%), Central American (0.4%), and Cuban (0.1%), with 0.9% reporting other Hispanic or Latino origins. Since its founding, Wisconsin has been ethnically heterogeneous. Following
9630-402: The state. These conditions forced both wheat agriculture and the lumber industry into a precipitous decline. Beginning in the 1890s, farmers in Wisconsin shifted from wheat to dairy production to make more sustainable and profitable use of their land. Many immigrants carried cheese-making traditions that, combined with the state's suitable geography and dairy research led by Stephen Babcock at
9737-587: The territory, establishing Catholic and Lutheran institutions. The growing population allowed Wisconsin to gain statehood on May 29, 1848, as the 30th state. Between 1840 and 1850, Wisconsin's non-Indian population had swollen from 31,000 to 305,000. More than a third of residents (110,500) were foreign born, including 38,000 Germans, 28,000 British immigrants from England, Scotland, and Wales, and 21,000 Irish. Another third (103,000) were Yankees from New England and western New York state. Only about 63,000 residents in 1850 had been born in Wisconsin. Nelson Dewey ,
9844-810: The use of many products necessary in the production of beer. In 1919, the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified by the states and became effective one year later. Nearly all of Milwaukee's 1,980 saloons were closed. In 1920, United States Brewing Company sold Blatz Brewery to Edward Landsberg. Milwaukee's major breweries (Schlitz, Pabst, Blatz, Miller) and some mid-level breweries (Gettelman, Cream City, Independent) were able to survive this period by brewing soda and near beer , as well as manufacturing cheese products. Others (such as Philipp Jung Brewing Company ) ceased operations. In 1934, after
9951-459: The war, at the onset of the war many Wisconsinites would abandon neutrality. Businesses, labor and farms all enjoyed prosperity from the war. With over 118,000 going into military service, Wisconsin was the first state to report for the national drafts conducted by the U.S. military . The progressive Wisconsin Idea also promoted the statewide expansion of the University of Wisconsin through
10058-472: The waters gather ' , or ' great rock ' . Wisconsin has been home to a wide variety of cultures over the past 14,000 years. The first people arrived around 10,000 BCE during the Wisconsin Glaciation . These early inhabitants, called Paleo-Indians , hunted now-extinct ice age animals such as the Boaz mastodon , a prehistoric mastodon skeleton unearthed along with spear points in southwest Wisconsin. After
10165-435: The west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake Michigan to the east, Michigan to the northeast, and Lake Superior to the north. Wisconsin is the 20th-largest state by population and 23rd-largest state by area . It is divided into 72 counties and as of the 2020 census had a population of nearly 5.9 million. Its most populous city is Milwaukee , while its capital and second-most populous city
10272-511: The worker's strike at Schlitz, Anheuser-Busch over took Schlitz as the top brewing company in 1953. Although Schlitz re-took the top spot again from 1955 through 1956, they lost it again in 1957 and never regained it. By the end of the 1950s Blatz declined nationally to a ranking of eighteenth as they were not able to compete nationally with other major brewers' expansion activities. Pabst, in an effort to compete with industry leaders Anheuser-Busch and Schlitz, purchased Blatz in 1958. Pabst closed
10379-489: Was back up for operations within a few months. By 1890, the brewery was producing 200,000 barrels of beer annually. Disaster struck again in 1892 when another fire broke out at the brewery. This time the company opted to sell the company to the leading brewer in the city, Pabst. One of the former owners, Philipp Jung , purchased the Jacob Obermann Brewery in 1896. Frederick J. Miller's Plank Road Brewery
10486-504: Was combined with InBev in 2008 as Anheuser-Busch InBev , Pabst Brewing Company became the largest United States owned brewing company in the nation. In 2016, Molson Coors Brewing Company purchased the Miller portfolio and created MillerCoors . Miller has the city's largest brewery and produces ten million barrels of beer annually. In 2017, Pabst opened a brewery in Milwaukee for the first time since closing their plant in 1996, although
10593-471: Was founded in 1855 after Frederick Miller purchased it from its previous owner Lorenz Best (the same person who helped co-found what would eventually become Pabst Brewing Company). At its inception, the brewery had a brewing capacity of 300 barrels of beer. Miller expanded his business to the nearby Chicago area during the 1850s and 1860s. As the company grew and expanded its operations, the company changed its name to Menomonee Valley Brewery in 1873. In 1886,
10700-451: Was home to four of the largest breweries in the world (Schlitz, Pabst, Blatz, Miller). Much of the success of the Milwaukee breweries was not only their successful production and distribution of beer, but also the establishment of beer gardens and saloons. These establishments provided music, dancing, sports, and leisure and were found throughout the United States, but particularly so in Milwaukee. Unfortunately, due to these establishments,
10807-411: Was in prime position to emerge as a growing force nationally. By 1885, the major brewing industry in the city consolidated down to nine ( Best , Blatz , Cream City , Falk , Gettelman , Jung & Borchert , Miller , Obermann , and Schlitz ), although a smaller, tenth establishment, Gipfel Union Brewery, which opened in the early 1840s, remained in operation into the early 1890s. The first of
10914-594: Was not well received by the public due to perceived reduction in quality. In 1969, Pabst sold its investment in Blatz to G. Heileman Brewing Company after the federal government sued the company due to anti-trust issues. In 1970, Miller was purchased by Philip Morris . In 1972, Miller purchased Lite brand from Meister Brau Brewing of Chicago, then re-branded it as Lite Beer from Miller. In 1976, Schlitz suffered another blow to its image when its Memphis and Tampa plants made "flaky" or "hazy" beer due to production problems. By 1977, Miller Brewing Company jumped from
11021-714: Was taken into custody under the Federal Fugitive Slave Law , but a mob of abolitionists stormed the prison where Glover was held and helped him escape to Canada. In a trial stemming from the incident, the Wisconsin Supreme Court ultimately declared the Fugitive Slave Law unconstitutional. The Republican Party , founded on March 20, 1854, by anti-slavery expansion activists in Ripon, Wisconsin , grew to dominate state politics in
11128-416: Was the first brewer to bottle its beer, and due to having several distribution centers throughout the United States, was probably the first brewer to have its bottled beer consumed by customers nationally. By the 1880s, the Blatz brewery produced 100,000 barrels of beer. In 1889, British investors attempted to purchase the breweries of Pabst, Schlitz, and Blatz. Although that takeover attempt failed, Blatz sold
11235-481: Was the first of many Wisconsin governors to advocate against the spread of slavery into new states and territories. Politics in early Wisconsin were defined by the greater national debate over slavery. A free state from its foundation, Wisconsin became a center of northern abolitionism . The debate became especially intense in 1854 after Joshua Glover , a runaway slave from Missouri , was captured in Racine . Glover
11342-410: Was the number one brewer in the country with Pabst fourth, Miller eighth, and Blatz ninth. In 1952, Schlitz set a world record by producing 6.35 million barrels of beer in a single year which was more than the combined output from its first 44 years of existence. In 1953, the six breweries in the city ( Schlitz , Pabst , Miller , Blatz , Gettelman , Independent ) went on strike for 76 days . Due to
11449-497: Was then part of Indiana Territory from 1800 to 1809, Illinois Territory from 1809 to 1818, and Michigan Territory from 1818 to 1836. However, the British remained in control until after the War of 1812 , the outcome of which finally established an American presence in the area. Under American control, the economy of the territory shifted from fur trading to lead mining. The prospect of easy mineral wealth drew immigrants from throughout
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