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30-619: Dola may refer to: Dola (mythology) , protective spirits in Polish mythology Dola, Ohio , United States Dola, Shahdol , India Dola, Gabon , a department of Gabon Dola, Burkina Faso Dola Dunsmuir (1903–1966), Canadian socialite DOLA , the Department of Land Administration See also [ edit ] All pages with titles containing Dola Dola Hill Stadium , Zambia Doli (disambiguation) Topics referred to by

60-570: A table was prepared at which white clothes and chairs were waiting for the rozhanitsy along with a chair on which bread, salt and butter were laid, and sometimes cheese and beer. One of Rod and the rozhanitsy 's holidays was said to be December 26 , which after Christianization was replaced by the Orthodox Church with the Feast of the Mother of God . The rozhanitsy were said to live at

90-406: A war, they make a promise that, if they escape, they will straightway make a sacrifice to the god in return for their life; and if they escape, they sacrifice just what they have promised, and consider that their safety has been bought with this same sacrifice. According to sources, a trapezoidal table with bread, honey, cheese and groat ( kutia ) was prepared in honor of the rozhanitsy , sometimes

120-428: A white cap ( mobcap ) on their heads and to have silver and gold jewelry. In their hands they were said to hold burning candles through which their silhouettes were easily visible in the moonlight. Czech sources described them as white-dressed virgins or old women. They were said to be tall and transparent, their cheeks pale, their eyes apt to sparkle and charm people and their hair decorated with precious stones. Like

150-527: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Dola (mythology) Rozhanitsy , narecnitsy , and sudzhenitsy are invisible spirits or deities of fate in the pre-Christian religion of the Slavs . They are related to pregnancy, motherhood, marriage and female ancestors, and are often referenced together with Rod . They are usually mentioned as three together, but sometimes up to 9 together, of whom one

180-549: Is the epic of Prince Marko : The first to record the cult of auroras was the ethnographer Zorian Dołęga-Chodakowski . He wrote about it in his work About Slavdom before Christianity : Polish literature historian Stefan Vrtel-Wierczyński in Medieval Polish secular poetry wrote a spell discovered by Brückner : The Polish folklorist Stanisław Czernik in his book Trzy zorze dziewicze: wśród zamawiań i zaklęć ( Three virgin auroras: among orders and spells ) cites

210-616: Is the first source mentioning rozhanitsy : The Russian Word of a certain Christ-lover : The cult of rozhanitsy was still popular in 16th-century Rus', as evidenced by penance given during confession by Orthodox priests described in the penitentiaries of Saint Sabbas of Storozhi : Izmail Sreznevsky collected the following sources in his Materials for the Old Russian dictionary : Narecnitsy often appear in various South Slavic legends and epics. One of these

240-696: The East Slavs , who converted to Eastern Orthodox Christianity and adopted the Cyrillic alphabet . Linguistically, the West Slavic group can be divided into three subgroups: Lechitic , including Polish , Silesian , Kashubian , and the extinct Polabian and Pomeranian languages ; Sorbian in the region of Lusatia ; and Czecho–Slovak in the Czech lands . In the Early Middle Ages ,

270-612: The rozhanitsy . The rozhanitsy after Christianization were replaced by the Mothers of God or saint women. In Russian charms of a maturing boy, Parascheva , Anastasia and Barbara are mentioned, and in Bulgarian folklore Mother of God, Parascheva and Anastasia. Angels or even Christ Himself also took over the functions of rozhanitsy . The 11th-century Word of St. Gregory the Theologian about how pagans bowed to idols

300-587: The 7th century, and the West Slavic dialects diverged from common Slavic over the following centuries. The West Slavic tribes settled on the eastern fringes of the Carolingian Empire , along the Limes Saxoniae . Prior to the Magyar invasion of Pannonia in the 890s, the West Slavic polity of Great Moravia spanned much of Central Europe between what is now Eastern Germany and Western Romania. In

330-539: The West Slavic tribes was manifested in the structure of the Pagan sanctuaries of the closed (long) type, while the East Slavic sanctuaries had a round (most often open) shape ( see also : Peryn ). Early modern historiographers such as Penzel (1777) and Palacky (1827) have claimed Samo's Empire to be first independent Slavic state in history by taking Fredegar's Wendish account at face value. Curta (1997) argued that

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360-569: The child, it was saved as an indelible mark on the forehead. The rozhanitsy 's opinions on the future of the child were often contradictory, and the final, oldest parent makes the final decision. The first, youngest rozhanitsa spins, the second measures and the third cuts off the thread of life – the longer the thread, the longer life will be. Among southern Slavs, rozhanitsy were sometimes distinguished from sudzhenitsy , who were said to appear before death and during important moments in life. Rozhanitsy were sometimes called upon to protect

390-630: The cult of Svetovid among the Slavs of the Elbe , comparing him to the Roman Fortuna and Greek Týchē . The 13th-century Russian translation of this chronicle translates Fortuna as Rozhanitsa (Рожданица). Another example could be the Word about how pagans bowed to idols : "Artemis and Artemisa called Rod and Roshanitsa". In such a situation, Rozhanitsa could be interpreted as a Mother Goddess –

420-769: The domination of the Holy Roman Empire after the Wendish Crusade in the Middle Ages and had been strongly assimilated by Germans at the end of the 19th century. The Polabian language survived until the beginning of the 19th century in what is now the German state of Lower Saxony . Various attempts have been made to group the West Slavs into subgroups according to various criteria, including geography, historical tribes, and linguistics. In 845

450-569: The end of the world in the palace of the Sun, which could connect them to the solar deity. In many European religions, there are three female figures foretelling the child's future, which indicates the Indo-European origin of the rozhanitsy : Old Russian sources also mention Rozhanitsa as a single person, usually in the pair of Rod and Rodzanica. An example of such a source is the 12th-century chronicle Gesta regum Anglorum , which describes

480-419: The family from illness. According to Procopius , Slavs did not believe in destiny: For they believe that one god, the maker of lightning, is alone lord of all things, and they sacrifice to him cattle and all other victims; but as for fate, they neither know it nor do they in any wise admit that it has any power among men, but whenever death stands close before them, either stricken with sickness or beginning

510-931: The following West Slav tribes in the 11th century from "the coastlands and hinterland from the aby of Kiel to the Vistula, including the islands of Fehmarn, Poel, Rügen, Usedom and Wollin", namely the Wagrians , Obodrites (or Abotrites), the Polabians , the Liutizians or Wilzians, the Rugians or Rani, the Sorbs, the Lusatians, the Poles, and the Pomeranians (later divided into Pomerelians and Cassubians). They came under

540-639: The following spell: The Wisła geographical and ethnographic monthly gives the following spell over a baby crying at night, that is spell for three days during sunset, and a prayer for a good husband: In the folklore of the Southern Slavs, rozhanitsy are described as beautiful girls or as good-natured elderly women. Sometimes they are also represented as three women of different ages: a girl, an adult woman and an elderly woman. Southern Slavs described them as beautiful figures with white, round cheeks. They were said to be dressed in white clothes, to have

570-418: The goddess of fertility and motherhood. According to mythologists, the triple deities of fate are the hypostasis of the ancient goddess of fate. Protogermanic Urðr and early Greek Clotho are thought to be such goddesses. A similar process probably took place among the Slavs, and in that situation Dolya could be the original goddess of fate. Boris Rybakov linked Rozhanitsa with Lada , claiming that Lada

600-475: The high medieval period, the West Slavic tribes were again pushed to the east by the incipient German Ostsiedlung , decisively so following the Wendish Crusade in the 11th century. The early Slavic expansion began in the 5th century, and by the 6th century the groups that would become the West, East , and South Slavic groups had probably become geographically separated. One of the distinguishing features of

630-402: The information collected by Brother Rudolf about the customs of pagan Western Slavs , we read that the Slavs "make sacrifices to their three sisters, which the pagans call Clotho , Lachesis and Atropos to lend them wealth." Rudolph, probably not knowing the language of the Slavs, gave rozhanitsy the names of Moirai, which he knew from Greek mythology, and who perform the same functions as

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660-611: The meal was left in the shrines. The hair cut during a child's first haircut was also sacrified to the rozhanitsy. Slovenes and Croats used to put candles, wine, bread and salt in the room where the woman lies the day after delivery. Failure to do so threatened that rozhanitsy would determine a child's bad fortune. Slovenians living in Istria laid bread under the boulders next to the caves in which rozhanitsy were said to live, and in Bulgaria suppers were prepared for them. In Czechia,

690-634: The name " Wends " (probably derived from the Roman-era Veneti ) may have applied to Slavic peoples. However, sources such as the Chronicle of Fredegar and Paul the Deacon are neither clear nor consistent in their ethnographic terminology, and whether "Wends" or "Veneti" refer to Slavic people, pre-Slavic people, or to a territory rather than a population, is a matter of scholarly debate. The early Slavic expansion reached Central Europe in

720-444: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Dola . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dola&oldid=1237219556 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

750-403: The southern Slavs, they were said to wear white bonnets or veils. They were said to look after pregnant women, and after giving birth to a child, they determined his fate for the rest of his life. The rozhanitsy appeared at midnight three days after the birth of the child, at his cradle, when they were supposed to foretell the child's good or bad fate for life. After determining the fate of

780-599: The text is not as straightforward: according to Fredegar, Wends were a gens , Sclavini merely a genus , and there was no "Slavic" gens . He further states that " Wends occur particularly in political contexts: the Wends, not the Slavs, made Samo their king." Other such alleged early West Slavic states include the Principality of Moravia (8th century–833), the Principality of Nitra (8th century–833), and Great Moravia (833–c. 907). Christiansen (1997) identified

810-543: The word sud ( " judgment " , "judge", "court") and literally mean "judging woman". The terms narecznica , nerechnitsa , narucnica mean "name-giving woman". The term udelnica means "granting woman". The Bulgarian terms orisnici , urisnici , uresici come from the Greek word όρίζοντες ( orizontes "establish") and mean "establishing woman”. Among the Eastern Slavs , the personification of good fortune

840-656: Was Rod's partner and also the first rozhanitsa . West Slavs Today, groups which speak West Slavic languages include the Poles , Czechs , Slovaks , Silesians , Kashubians , and Sorbs . From the ninth century onwards, most West Slavs converted to Roman Catholicism , thus coming under the cultural influence of the Latin Church , adopting the Latin alphabet , and tending to be more closely integrated into cultural and intellectual developments in western Europe than

870-420: Was a "queen" or singular. They are related to Dola, but it is not known on what terms. In Poland they were worshipped as zorze (auroras). In different regions of the Slavs and languages they were named differently: The terms rodzanica , rodjenica or rojenica come from the word roditi ("giving birth") and literally mean "woman giving birth". The terms sudiczka , sudica , or sojenica come from

900-532: Was also known as Dolya, whose name means "division", "participation", and bad luck as Nedolya. Among Serbs and Croats , on the other hand, there is Sreća, whose name means "luck". In some regions of Poland, the functions of rozhanitsy were fulfilled by other figures: boginki in Lesser Poland , kraśniki in Pomerania . In The Catalogue Of Rudolph's Magic , written by Edward Karvot , who wrote

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