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57-447: Fisherman Milton Santini opened Santini's Porpoise School in 1958, which he operated until 1972. Santini blasted lagoons into the seashore with dynamite to create deeper pens for the dolphins. One of Santini's dolphins, Mitzi, starred in the film Flipper . The property was sold and renamed as Flipper's Sea School in 1972 and operated under this name until 1977. At this point, it was purchased by Jean Paul Fortom-Gouin. Fortom-Gouin closed

114-461: A Bloomberg L.P. employee saw a six-year-old Chicago Tribune article posted on the Sun Sentinel ' s website about United Airlines ' 2002 filing for bankruptcy and, due to its unclear display, mistakenly thought it was a recent story. The employee then added it as a headline on Bloomberg Terminals . The story then made it onto Google News ' front page as well. As a result, there was

171-473: A "Researcher Experience" where they can shadow the DRC research team. Other guest experiences can include painting with a dolphin or providing enrichment . DRC staff members conduct and publish research on its captive dolphins. They study a wide variety areas in dolphin cognition, behavior, and husbandry. These are just a few of the many studies they have published: In a 2010 study titled "Blindfolded Imitation in

228-433: A 20% cartridge strength would mean the stick was equal to an equivalent weight strength of 20% ANFO. "Military dynamite" (or M1 dynamite) is a dynamite substitute made with more stable ingredients than nitroglycerin. It contains 75% RDX , 15% TNT and 10 percent desensitizers and plasticizers. It has only 60 percent equivalent strength as commercial dynamite, but is much safer to store and handle. Various countries around

285-432: A Bottlenose Dolphin ( Tursiops truncatus )" and a follow-up 2013 study titled "Switching strategies: a dolphin’s use of passive and active acoustics to imitate motor actions" , researchers tested the ability of a blindfolded dolphin to imitate the behavior of another dolphin or human. The blindfolded dolphin was able to replicate the behaviors of fellow dolphins by presumably recognizing the sound; when copying behaviors of

342-535: A Sunday circulation of 228,906. For many years, the Sun Sentinel targeted Broward County and provided only limited news coverage in Palm Beach County . However, in the late 1990s, it expanded its coverage to all of South Florida , including Miami-Dade and Palm Beach counties. In Miami, The Miami Herald is its primary competition, while in Palm Beach County, The Palm Beach Post

399-534: A button. In some trials, both dolphins were given the command at the same time; in other trials, one dolphin would receive the command up to 20 seconds before the other. Trials were considered successful if the dolphins pressed the buttons at the same time (within one second). The dolphins learned to coordinate their actions, with the first dolphin to receive the command eventually waiting for the second dolphin to receive its command before acting. This demonstrated that dolphins are capable of coordinated action in pursuit of

456-444: A common goal. Studies have also been published that demonstrates that dolphins understand some numbers concepts and other research that explores maternal use of signature whistles. The center has also published a study that shows that dolphins in human care in the U.S. live as long or longer than dolphins in the wild. The center has also collaborated with Duke University researchers on dolphins' energy expenditures. The Center operates

513-494: A controlled explosion set off from a distance using a fuse . In 1863 Nobel performed his first successful detonation of pure nitroglycerin, using a blasting cap made of a copper percussion cap and mercury fulminate . In 1864, Alfred Nobel filed patents for both the blasting cap and his method of synthesizing nitroglycerin, using sulfuric acid , nitric acid and glycerin. On 3 September 1864, while experimenting with nitroglycerin, Emil and several others were killed in an explosion at

570-401: A few months previously, and created a brand synergy with Tribune's sister operation and CW affiliate WSFL-TV (Channel 39), which relocated its operations to the Sun Sentinel offices in 2008 and adopted a logo matching the capital "S" in the new logo. From 2011 to the present day, the newspaper made significant updates to meld print media with modern media. These advances include: launching

627-416: A form of explosive that used ammonium nitrate as a substitute for the more costly nitroglycerin. Ammonium nitrate has only 85% of the chemical energy of nitroglycerin. It is rated by either "weight strength" (the amount of ammonium nitrate in the medium) or "cartridge strength" (the potential explosive strength generated by an amount of explosive of a certain density and grain size used in comparison to

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684-445: A human in the water, it switched to using echolocation to ascertain the behavior being modeled. In a 2018 publication titled "Bottlenose dolphins can understand their partner's role in a cooperative task" DRC staff tested the ability of bottlenose dolphins to coordinate their behavior to receive a reward. In a trial, pairs of dolphins were instructed to swim across their lagoons and press an underwater button, with each dolphin assigned

741-528: A massive selloff of United Airlines stock, and its share price temporarily dropped "from $ 12 to $ 3 before trading was suspended." Several days later, the SEC launched a formal "preliminary investigation" into the matter. Since 2018, the Sun Sentinel has been preventing internet users in the European Union from accessing its website, on grounds of missing data protection compliance. Following

798-516: A safe alternative to black powder and nitroglycerin. Nobel tightly controlled the patents, and unlicensed duplicating companies were quickly shut down. A few American businessmen got around the patent by using absorbents other than diatomaceous earth, such as resin. Nobel originally sold dynamite as "Nobel's Blasting Powder" and later changed the name to dynamite, from the Ancient Greek word dýnamis ( δύναμις ), meaning "power". Dynamite

855-640: A significant contribution to information graphics in the form of News Illustrated , a weekly full-page graphic that has received more than 30 international awards. The photography department has been a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize twice in the Spot News category. It was a finalist in 1982 for its coverage of a Haitian refugee boat disaster, and again in 1999 for its powerful coverage of Hurricane Mitch in Central America. In September 2008,

912-539: Is a second generation castable explosive adopted by the military, while dynamite, in contrast, has never been popular in warfare because it degenerates quickly under severe conditions and can be detonated by either fire or a wayward bullet. The German armed forces adopted TNT as a filling for artillery shells in 1902, some 40 years after the invention of dynamite, which is a first generation phlegmatized explosive primarily intended for civilian earthmoving. TNT has never been popular or widespread in civilian earthmoving, as it

969-793: Is accredited by the Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges (ACCSC) #M072566 and Licensed by the State of Florida Commission for Independent Education (CIE) #4766. In 2004, the Sun-Sentinel alleged that the Dolphin Research Center failed to report the birth and death of a dolphin calf to the National Marine Fisheries Service in 2001, nor did it report the birth of a calf in 2002. The National Marine Fisheries Service

1026-570: Is also available in racks in both counties. It is also available online at Elsentinel.com. In 2004, the paper won the Payne Award for Ethics in Journalism for its coverage of health and human services in the state. On August 17, 2008, the Sun Sentinel unveiled a redesigned layout, with larger graphics, more color, and a new large "S" logo. This is in tune with another Tribune newspaper ( Orlando Sentinel ), which redesigned its newspaper

1083-509: Is considerably more expensive and less powerful by weight than dynamite, as well as being slower to mix and pack into boreholes. TNT's primary asset is its remarkable insensitivity and stability: it is waterproof and incapable of detonating without the extreme shock and heat provided by a blasting cap (or a sympathetic detonation ); this stability also allows it to be melted at 81 °C (178 °F), poured into high explosive shells and allowed to re-solidify, with no extra danger or change in

1140-460: Is dropped from different heights until detonation is achieved. With a hammer of 2 kg, mercury fulminate detonates with a drop distance of 1 to 2 cm, nitroglycerin with 4 to 5 cm, dynamite with 15 to 30 cm, and ammoniacal explosives with 40 to 50 cm. For several decades beginning in the 1940s, the largest producer of dynamite in the world was the Union of South Africa . There

1197-561: Is no evidence to suggest that she survived long term." Dynamite Dynamite is an explosive made of nitroglycerin , sorbents (such as powdered shells or clay), and stabilizers . It was invented by the Swedish chemist and engineer Alfred Nobel in Geesthacht , Northern Germany, and was patented in 1867. It rapidly gained wide-scale use as a more robust alternative to the traditional black powder explosives. It allows

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1254-593: Is required to keep a record of captive marine mammal births, deaths, and transfers in the United States. After Hurricane Andrew struck the Florida Keys in 1992, the DRC dolphin "Annessa" escaped or was washed out of her sea pen. Opponents of dolphin captivity including Ric O'Barry allege that Annessa is an example of a captive-born dolphin successfully transitioning from captivity to wild life, which could be an argument for releasing such dolphins back into

1311-525: Is the 4th largest-circulation newspaper in Florida. Paul Pham has held the position of general manager since November 2020, and Julie Anderson has held the position of editor-in-chief since February 2018. The newspaper was for many years branded as the Sun-Sentinel , with a hyphen, until a redesign and rebranding on August 17, 2008. The new look also removed the space between "Sun" and "Sentinel" in

1368-468: Is the chief competition. The Sun Sentinel website has news video from two South Florida television stations: West Palm Beach's CBS affiliate WPEC and Miami and Fort Lauderdale CW affiliate WSFL-TV ; it was a former sister station to the latter before Tribune's publishing and broadcasting interests were split. It also publishes a Spanish-language weekly, El Sentinel , as well as various community publications. The Sun Sentinel traces its history to

1425-431: Is usually rated by "weight strength" (the amount of nitroglycerin it contains), usually from 20% to 60%. For example, 40% dynamite is composed of 40% nitroglycerin and 60% "dope" (the absorbent storage medium mixed with the stabilizer and any additives). The maximum shelf life of nitroglycerin-based dynamite is recommended as one year from the date of manufacture under good storage conditions. Over time, regardless of

1482-404: Is usually sold in the form of cardboard cylinders about 200 mm (8 in) long and about 32 mm ( 1 + 1 ⁄ 4  in) in diameter, with a mass of about 190 grams ( 1 ⁄ 2 troy pound). A stick of dynamite thus produced contains roughly 1 MJ ( megajoule ) of energy. Other sizes also exist, rated by either portion (Quarter-Stick or Half-Stick) or by weight. Dynamite

1539-576: The De Beers company established a factory in 1902 at Somerset West . The explosives factory was later operated by AECI (African Explosives and Chemical Industries). The demand for the product came mainly from the country's vast gold mines, centered on the Witwatersrand . The factory at Somerset West was in operation in 1903 and by 1907 it was already producing 340,000 cases, 23 kilograms (50 lb) each, annually. A rival factory at Modderfontein

1596-567: The Sun-Sentinel opened a full-time foreign bureau in Havana, Cuba . Shared with the Tribune Co., their Havana newsroom was the only permanent presence of any South Florida newspaper at the time. In 2002, the Sun-Sentinel began publishing a Spanish weekly newspaper, El Sentinel. The newspaper is distributed free on Saturdays to Hispanic households in Broward and Palm Beach counties and

1653-742: The 1910 founding of the Fort Lauderdale Weekly Herald , the first known newspaper in the Fort Lauderdale area, and the Everglades Breeze , a locally printed paper founded in 1911, which promoted itself as "Florida's great Farm, Truck and Fruit Growing paper." In 1925, the Everglades Breeze was renamed the Sentinel . That same year, two Ohio publishers bought both the Sentinel and the Herald , consolidating

1710-720: The 1970s, the morning paper changed its name to the Fort Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel . In 1982, the Fort Lauderdale News and Fort Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel merged their editorial staffs. The two papers then merged into a single morning paper under the Fort Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel name. In 2000, after expanding its coverage, the paper changed its name to the South Florida Sun-Sentinel . In 2001,

1767-428: The 20th century. This incorrect connection between TNT and dynamite was enhanced by cartoons such as Bugs Bunny , where animators labeled any kind of bomb (ranging from sticks of dynamite to kegs of black powder ) as TNT, because the acronym was shorter and more memorable and did not require literacy to recognize that TNT meant "bomb". Aside from both being high explosives, TNT and dynamite have little in common. TNT

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1824-636: The Dolphin Research Center Training Institute, (formerly the College of Marine Mammal Professions). Students can earn an Occupational Associates Degree in Marine Mammal Behavior, Care and Training after completing a 36-week program. DRCTI also offers a Professional Animal Trainer program to provide more experience and continuing education to trainers of all animal species. DRC Training Institute

1881-521: The TNT's characteristics. Accordingly, more than 90% of the TNT produced in America was always for the military market, with most TNT used for filling shells, hand grenades and aerial bombs , and the remainder being packaged in brown "bricks" (not red cylinders) for use as demolition charges by combat engineers . In the United States, in 1885, the chemist Russell S. Penniman invented "ammonium dynamite",

1938-508: The US. The only facility producing it is located in Carthage, Missouri , but the material is purchased from Dyno Nobel by other manufacturers who put their labels on the dynamite and boxes. Other explosives are often referred to or confused with dynamite: Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is often assumed to be the same as (or confused for) dynamite largely because of the ubiquity of both explosives during

1995-472: The age of 17, Alfred Nobel was sent abroad for two years ; in the United States he met Swedish engineer John Ericsson and in France studied under famed chemist Théophile-Jules Pelouze and his pupil Ascanio Sobrero , who had first synthesized nitroglycerin in 1847. Pelouze cautioned Nobel against using nitroglycerine as a commercial explosive because of its great sensitivity to shock. In 1857, Nobel filed

2052-610: The deadly shooting rampage at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School." The newspaper has also been a finalist for a Pulitzer 13 times, including for its 2005 coverage of Hurricane Wilma and an investigation into the Federal Emergency Management Agency 's mismanagement of hurricane aid. (The latter investigation was featured in the PBS documentary series Exposé: America's Investigative Reports in an episode entitled "Crisis Mismanagement".) It also produced

2109-533: The dolphins and sea lions demonstrate behaviors, research, training, and other activities in narrated behavior sessions throughout the day. They can also pay to experience a variety of interactive programs either in the water or from a floating dock. In addition to the general admission price, guests can pay more to interact with dolphins in the water. DRC also has an "Ultimate Trainer for the Day" program where guests can shadow and participate in activities with trainers and

2166-460: The dolphins are bottlenose dolphins , while the other dolphin is an Atlantic spotted dolphin . Twenty-one of the dolphins were born in captivity. Four of the bottlenose dolphins and the Atlantic spotted dolphins were rescued from the wild. It is also home to three sea lions, several exotic birds, and two African spurred tortoises . Visitors to the DRC can come in under general admission to see

2223-504: The explosive strength generated by an equivalent density and grain size of a standard explosive). For example, high-explosive 65% Extra dynamite has a weight strength of 65% ammonium nitrate and 35% "dope" (the absorbent medium mixed with the stabilizers and additives). Its "cartridge strength" would be its weight in pounds times its strength in relation to an equal amount of ANFO (the civilian baseline standard) or TNT (the military baseline standard). For example, 65% ammonium dynamite with

2280-753: The factory at Immanuel Nobel's estate at Heleneborg . After this, Alfred founded the company Nitroglycerin Aktiebolaget in Vinterviken to continue work in a more isolated area and the following year moved to Germany, where he founded another company, Dynamit Nobel . Despite the invention of the blasting cap, the instability of nitroglycerin rendered it useless as a commercial explosive. To solve this problem, Nobel sought to combine it with another substance that would make it safe for transport and handling but would not reduce its effectiveness as an explosive. He tried combinations of cement, coal, and sawdust, but

2337-406: The first of several hundred patents , mostly concerning air pressure, gas and fluid gauges, but remained fascinated with nitroglycerin's potential as an explosive. Nobel, along with his father and brother Emil , experimented with various combinations of nitroglycerin and black powder. Nobel came up with a way to safely detonate nitroglycerin by inventing the detonator , or blasting cap, that allowed

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2394-500: The journalists at the paper announced their intention to unionize. The Sun Sentinel gives annual awards to area businesses and business leaders, including Top Workplaces for People on the Move, Excalibur Award, and others. In April 2013, the Sun Sentinel won its first gold medal in the category of Public Service Journalism , for its investigative series about off-duty police officers who engage in regular reckless speeding. In 2014

2451-538: The name of the paper to the Fort Lauderdale News and added a Sunday morning edition. In 1960, when the paper had a circulation of 60,000, Gore Publishing purchased the weekly Pompano Beach Sun and expanded it into a six-day morning paper, the Pompano Sun-Sentinel —thus reviving the "Sentinel" name it had discarded seven years earlier. In 1963, the Tribune Company acquired Gore Publishing. In

2508-483: The newspaper was named one of the "10 Newspapers That Do It Right" by Editor & Publisher magazine. The Sun Sentinel won its second Pulitzer for Public Service in 2019 for public service for its coverage of the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting , with The Pulitzer committee crediting the Sun Sentinel "for exposing failings by school and law enforcement officials before and after

2565-451: The newspaper's flag, but its name retained the space. The Sun Sentinel is owned by the parent company, Tribune Publishing . This company was acquired by Alden Global Capital , which operates its media properties through Digital First Media , in May 2021. The Sun Sentinel emphasizes local news, through its Community News and Local sections. It has a daily circulation of 163,728 and

2622-584: The newspapers into a daily publication called the Daily News and Evening Sentinel . In 1926, Horace and Tom Stillwell purchased the paper. However, the devastation wrought by the 1926 Miami hurricane caused circulation to drop and, in 1929, Tom Stillwell sold the paper to the Gore Publishing Company, headed by R.H. Gore Sr. By 1945, circulation of the Daily News and Evening Sentinel had climbed to 10,000. In 1953, Gore Publishing changed

2679-546: The production of dynamite. The factory then went on to produce ammonium nitrate emulsion-based explosives that are safer to manufacture and handle. Dynamite was first manufactured in the US by the Giant Powder Company of San Francisco , California, whose founder had obtained the exclusive rights from Nobel in 1867. Giant was eventually acquired by DuPont , which produced dynamite under the Giant name until Giant

2736-525: The property to the public, running it as the Institute for Delphinid Research until 1983. The Dolphin Research Center was founded in 1984 by Armando ("Mandy") and Jayne Rodriguez. Mandy had earlier been a dolphin trainer at Miami Seaquarium and decided to interact with dolphins in a manner less "circus-y". As of 2022, DRC listed 25 dolphins as currently residing at its facilities. Twenty-four of

2793-406: The pure-play entertainment website SouthFlorida.com and starting a video channel called SunSentinel Originals . As a result of their media integration, the newspaper was named one of Editor & Publisher' s "10 Newspapers That Do it Right". Most recently, the company had signed a deal with Gannett in order to print eight newspapers from the company, which included USA Today . In July 2024,

2850-411: The sorbent used, sticks of dynamite will "weep" or "sweat" nitroglycerin, which can then pool in the bottom of the box or storage area. For that reason, explosive manuals recommend the regular up-ending of boxes of dynamite in storage. Crystals will form on the outside of the sticks, causing them to be even more sensitive to shock, friction, and temperature. Therefore, while the risk of an explosion without

2907-440: The use of a blasting cap is minimal for fresh dynamite, old dynamite is dangerous. Modern packaging helps eliminate this by placing the dynamite into sealed plastic bags and using wax-coated cardboard. Dynamite is moderately sensitive to shock. Shock resistance tests are usually carried out with a drop-hammer: about 100 mg of explosive is placed on an anvil, upon which a weight of between 0.5 and 10 kg (1 and 22 lb)

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2964-856: The use of nitroglycerine's favorable explosive properties while greatly reducing its risk of accidental detonation. Dynamite was invented by Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel in 1866 and was the first safely manageable explosive stronger than black powder . Alfred Nobel's father, Immanuel Nobel , was an industrialist, engineer, and inventor. He built bridges and buildings in Stockholm and founded Sweden's first rubber factory. His construction work inspired him to research new methods of blasting rock that were more effective than black powder. After some bad business deals in Sweden, in 1838 Immanuel moved his family to Saint Petersburg , where Alfred and his brothers were educated privately under Swedish and Russian tutors. At

3021-423: The wild. However, the DRC disputes that Annessa was able to transition to life back in the wild. They state that there was one credible sighting of her immediately after the storm, verified via photograph. Of the photograph, Mandy Rodriguez stated, "it was clear that Annessa had already lost a considerable amount of weight and was not sustaining herself in the wild. Unfortunately, Annessa was never seen again and there

3078-572: The world have enacted explosives laws and require licenses to manufacture, distribute, store, use, and possess explosives or ingredients. Sun-Sentinel The Sun Sentinel (also known as the South Florida Sun Sentinel , known until 2008 as the Sun-Sentinel , and stylized on its masthead as SunSentinel ) is the main daily newspaper of Fort Lauderdale, Florida , and Broward County , and covers Miami-Dade and Palm Beach counties and state-wide news, as well. It

3135-578: Was dissolved by DuPont in 1905. Thereafter, DuPont produced dynamite under its own name until 1911–12, when its explosives monopoly was broken up by the U.S. Circuit Court in the "Powder Case". Two new companies were formed upon the breakup, the Hercules Powder Company and the Atlas Powder Company , which took up the manufacture of dynamite (in different formulations). Currently, only Dyno Nobel manufactures dynamite in

3192-550: Was producing another 200,000 cases per year. There were two large explosions at the Somerset West plant during the 1960s. Some workers died, but the loss of life was limited by the modular design of the factory and its earth works, and the planting of trees that directed the blasts upward. There were several other explosions at the Modderfontein factory. After 1985, pressure from trade unions forced AECI to phase out

3249-566: Was unsuccessful. Finally, he tried diatomaceous earth , which is fossilized algae, that he brought from the Elbe River near his factory in Hamburg , which successfully stabilized the nitroglycerin into a portable explosive. Nobel obtained patents for his inventions in England on 7 May 1867 and in Sweden on 19 October 1867. After its introduction, dynamite rapidly gained wide-scale use as

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