100-673: Dorchester may refer to: Geography [ edit ] England [ edit ] Dorchester, Dorset , the county town of Dorset Dorchester (UK Parliament constituency) , a former parliamentary constituency in Dorset HM Prison Dorchester , a men's prison located in Dorchester in Dorset, England closed in December 2013 Dorchester on Thames , Oxfordshire,
200-729: A militia met with limited success at first, as neither the ethnic French nor the English residents were willing to join. Area Natives were willing to fight on the British side, and the Crown wanted them to do so, but Carleton turned their offer down because he feared the Natives attacking non-combatants. For the same reason, he limited Guy Johnson and his Iroquois allies, who had come to Quebec from New York , to operating only in Quebec. During
300-421: A Governor, a council, and an assembly. The governor could veto any action of the council, but London had also given Carleton instructions that all of his actions required the approval of the council. Most officials of the province at this time did not receive a salary and received their income through fees they charged for their services. Carleton tried to replace this system with one in which the officials received
400-422: A castle but it has not survived. A priory was also founded, in 1364, though this also has since disappeared. In the later medieval period the town prospered; it became a thriving commercial and political centre for south Dorset, with a textile trading and manufacturing industry which continued until the 17th century. In the time of Edward III (1312–1377), the town was governed by bailiffs and burgesses , with
500-555: A few men and sped to meet them thinking that they were merchants from another country. When he arrived at their location, he admonished them and instructed that they should be brought to the royal town. The Vikings then slaughtered him and his men. By 864, the area around Durnovaria was dominated by the Saxons who referred to themselves as Dorsaetas , 'People of the Dor' – Durnovaria. The original local name would have been Dorn-gweir giving
600-478: A fictionalised Dorchester as its setting. In the 2011 census , the population of Dorchester was 19,060. It is a centre for employment, education, retail, leisure and healthcare for the surrounding area, with six industrial estates, the Dorset County Hospital , a weekly market, and a high school and further education college. The town has a football club and a rugby union club, several museums and
700-1031: A former federal electoral district in Quebec Dorchester (provincial electoral district) , a former Quebec provincial electoral district Dorchester Boulevard, former name of part of René Lévesque Boulevard in Montreal, Quebec United States [ edit ] Dorchester, Illinois Dorchester, Iowa Dorchester, Boston , Massachusetts Dorchester Avenue (Boston) Dorchester Pottery Works , an historic site in Massachusetts Dorchester, Nebraska Dorchester, New Hampshire Dorchester, South Carolina Dorchester, Texas Dorchester, Wise County, Virginia Dorchester, Wisconsin Dorchester County, Maryland Dorchester County, South Carolina Military [ edit ] USS Dorchester ,
800-551: A gold ring, a bronze figure of the Roman god Mercury and large areas of tessellated pavement . The Dorset Museum contains many Roman artefacts. The Romans built an aqueduct to supply the town with water. It was rediscovered in 1900 as the remains of a channel cut into the chalk and contouring round the hills. The source is believed to be the River Frome at Notton , about 12 miles (19 km) upstream from Dorchester. Near
900-601: A motorcoach autobus made by Dennis See also [ edit ] All pages with titles containing Dorchester Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Dorchester . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dorchester&oldid=1256493230 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
1000-541: A museum on the site. Dorchester remained a compact town within the boundaries of the old town walls until the latter part of the 19th century because all land immediately adjacent to the west, south and east was owned by the Duchy of Cornwall . The land composed the Manor of Fordington . The developments that had encroached onto it were Marabout Barracks, to the north of Bridport Road, in 1794, Dorchester Union Workhouse , to
1100-521: A population of about 6,000. Charles was involved with the development's design. Dorchester became Dorset's first Official Transition Initiative in 2008 as part of the Transition Towns concept. Transition Town Dorchester is a community response to the challenges and opportunities of peak oil and climate change . Dorchester is represented by two tiers of government, Dorchester Town Council and Dorset Council , both of which are based within
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#17327654655771200-484: A position of Governor General of all the provinces in British North America . Instead he was appointed "Governor-in-chief", with simultaneous appointments as governor of Quebec, New Brunswick , Nova Scotia , and St. John's Island (present-day Prince Edward Island ). He arrived in Quebec on 23 October 1786. His position as Governor-in-chief was mostly ignored. He found quickly that his authority in any of
1300-834: A previous structure that had fallen into disrepair. A tablet commemorates the sentencing of the Tolpuddle Martyrs here in 1834. The building housed the Crown Court until 1955; Thomas Hardy was a magistrate here and his experience provided inspiration for his writing. The building has changed little since the 19th century, and in 2014 planning permission was granted to transform it into a heritage centre and tourist attraction, to open in 2017. Dorchester has thirteen first schools, three middle schools: St Osmund's Church of England Middle School , St Mary's Church of England Middle School, Puddletown and Dorchester Middle School and an upper school; The Thomas Hardye School which
1400-516: A regular salary, but this position was never supported in London. When Carleton renounced his own fees, Murray was furious. After Murray resigned his position, Carleton was appointed Captain General and Governor-in-Chief on 12 April 1768. Carleton took the oath of office on 1 November 1768. On 9 August 1770 he sailed for England for what he thought was a few months' consultation on issues related to
1500-400: A second term. The catchment population for major food retail outlets in Dorchester is 38,500 (2001 estimate) and extends eight miles west, north and east of the town, and two miles south. The Brewery Square redevelopment project now includes retail outlets, residential units, bars, restaurants, hotel and cultural facilities. The regeneration of Dorchester South railway station will make it
1600-849: A variant of Chobham armour used on modern battle tanks People [ edit ] Troy Dorchester (born 1970) Canadian chuckwagon racer Alternate name [ edit ] The Duke of Dorchester a.k.a. Pete Doherty (born 1945), professional wrestler Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester , a military commander in the Seven Years' War and American Revolutionary War, later Commander-in-Chief, North America, Governor of Quebec, and Governor General of Canada Dudley Carleton, 1st Viscount Dorchester (1573–1632), English diplomat Titles [ edit ] Marquess of Dorchester Countess of Dorchester Earl of Dorchester Viscount Dorchester Baron Dorchester Religion [ edit ] Historic bishops of Dorchester: For
1700-764: A village The Dorchester , a luxury hotel in London Canada [ edit ] Dorchester, New Brunswick , shire town of Westmorland County Dorchester Penitentiary , a medium-security federal prison in New Brunswick Dorchester Parish, New Brunswick Dorchester, Ontario , a rural community in Middlesex County Saint-Prosper-de-Dorchester , a municipality in Quebec Dorchester (federal electoral district) ,
1800-524: Is commemorated with a plaque erected by the Dorchester Heritage Committee, but giving the date of his residence as 1936. Dorchester Arts, based in a former school building, runs a seasonal programme of music, dance and theatre events, participatory arts projects for socially excluded groups and the biannual Dorchester Festival. Dorchester Arts is an Arts Council 'National Portfolio organisation'. Dorchester Arts has been resident at
1900-512: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Dorchester, Dorset Dorchester ( / ˈ d ɔːr tʃ ɛ s t ər / DOR -ches-tər ) is the county town of Dorset , England. It is situated between Poole and Bridport on the A35 trunk route. A historic market town , Dorchester is on the banks of the River Frome to the south of
2000-583: Is in the West Dorset constituency . Historically it was in Dorchester constituency from 1295 to 1868, and then South Dorset constituency until 1918. The town's coat of arms depicts the old castle that used to stand on the site of the former prison. The royal purple background represents Dorchester's status as part of the monarch's private estate, a position held since before the Domesday Book
2100-558: Is unusual and was possibly a surprise to him. One connection may have been due to the Duke of Richmond, who in 1766 been made Secretary of State for the North American colonies. Fourteen years earlier, Carleton had tutored the Duke. The Duke was the colonel of the 72nd Regiment of Foot, while Carleton was its lieutenant colonel. He appointed Carleton as commander-in-chief of all troops stationed in Quebec. The government consisted of
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#17327654655772200-464: The Book of Negroes , entering their names, ages, occupations, and names of their former masters. The Americans agreed to this, but as far as can be determined, the Crown never paid compensation. The British transported about 3,000 freedmen and other Loyalists to Nova Scotia for resettlement. As the colony struggled, some of the freedmen later chose in the early 1790s to go to Freetown, Sierra Leone , where
2300-688: The Book of Negroes . The military and political career of his younger brother, Thomas Carleton , was interwoven with his own, and Thomas served under him in the Canadas. Guy Carleton was born into an Ulster Protestant military family that had lived in Ulster in the north of the Kingdom of Ireland since the Plantation of Ulster in the 17th century, and was one of three brothers (the others being Thomas Carleton and William Carleton) who served in
2400-613: The Army of Observation made up of German troops designed to protect Hanover from French invasion. The army was forced to retreat following the Battle of Hastenbeck and eventually concluded the Convention of Klosterzeven , taking them out of the war. After the convention was signed, Carleton returned to Britain. In 1758 he was made the lieutenant colonel of the newly formed 72nd Regiment of Foot . James Wolfe selected Carleton as his aide in
2500-408: The Battle of Antioch . The south aisle and the north part of the porch date from the 12th century. The Church of St Peter mostly dates from 1420 to 1421, with a 12th-century south doorway reset into it. There are many notable monuments , including two 14th-century effigies and a 14th-century tomb chest. Thomas Hardy contributed to the addition of the vestry and chancel in 1856–7. Max Gate
2600-549: The Coniacian , Santonian and Campanian ages of the Late Cretaceous epoch, overlain in places by more recent Quaternary drift deposits. The bedrock is chalk of various formations. The drift deposits comprise a cap of clay-with-flints on the western edge of the town around Poundbury , alluvium in the river's floodplain, and several narrow ribbons of poorly stratified head deposits , found particularly around
2700-735: The Dorset Downs and north of the South Dorset Ridgeway that separates the area from Weymouth , 7 miles (11 km) to the south. The civil parish includes the experimental community of Poundbury and the suburb of Fordington . The area around the town was first settled in prehistoric times. The Romans established a garrison there after defeating the Durotriges tribe, calling the settlement that grew up nearby Durnovaria ; they built an aqueduct to supply water and an amphitheatre on an ancient British earthwork. During
2800-546: The Province of Quebec , from 1768 to 1778, concurrently serving as Governor General of British North America in that time, and again from 1785 to 1795. The title Baron Dorchester was created on 21 August 1786. He commanded British troops in the American Revolutionary War , first leading the defence of Quebec during the 1775 rebel invasion , and the 1776 counteroffensive that drove the rebels from
2900-582: The Quebec Act 1774 ( 14 Geo. 3 . c. 83) and finally the partition of the two Canadas in the Constitutional Act 1791 ( 31 Geo. 3 . c. 31). On 22 May 1772, at the age of nearly 48, Carleton married Lady Maria Howard, daughter of Thomas Howard, 2nd Earl of Effingham . They had nine sons and two daughters. His elder brothers having predeceased him, and himself dying two years before his father, third son Lieutenant-Colonel Christopher Carleton
3000-572: The Romans arrived in Britain in 43 AD. The Romans defeated the local tribes by 70 AD and established a garrison that became the town the Romans named Durnovaria , a Brythonic name incorporating durn , "fist", loosely interpreted as 'place with fist-sized pebbles'. It appears to have taken part of its name from the local Durotriges tribe who inhabited the area. Durnovaria was recorded in
3100-752: The Second Continental Congress , scheduled to meet in May 1775. Carleton, while aware of this activity, did nothing to prevent it, beyond discouraging publication of the Congressional letter in the province's only newspaper. Carleton received notice of the start of the rebellion in May 1775, soon followed by the news of the rebel capture of Fort Ticonderoga and Fort Crown Point , and the raid on Fort Saint-Jean . As he had previously sent two of his regiments to Boston, he had only about 800 regular soldiers left in Quebec. His attempts to raise
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3200-494: The court where the Tolpuddle Martyrs were held and tried opened as a museum in 2018. The Durnovaria Silver Band is based in Fordington Methodist Church Hall. Within Dorchester parish there are 293 structures that are listed by Historic England for their historic or architectural interest, including five that are listed Grade I and sixteen that are Grade II*. The Grade I structures are
3300-776: The tithe in support of the Catholic Church, as well as seigneurial obligations, such as the corvée (a labor requirement). In late 1774, the First Continental Congress sent letters to Montreal denouncing the Quebec Act for promoting Catholicism by allowing Catholics to hold civil service positions and reinstating the tithe. John Brown , an agent for the Boston Committee of Correspondence , arrived in Montreal in early 1775 as part of an effort to persuade citizens to send delegates to
3400-457: The 1758 attack on Louisbourg . King George II declined to make this appointment, possibly because of negative comments he made about the soldiers of Hanover during his service on the Continent. For some time he was unable to gain active position, until he was sent back to Germany to serve as an aide-de-camp to Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick . In December 1758 Wolfe, now a major general ,
3500-493: The 4th-century Antonine Itinerary and became a market centre for the surrounding countryside, an important road junction and staging post, and subsequently one of the twin capitals of the Celtic Durotriges tribe. The remains of the Roman walls that surrounded the town can still be seen. The majority have been replaced by pathways that form a square inside modern Dorchester known as ' The Walks '. A small segment of
3600-516: The 9th century. The area remained in British hands until the mid-7th century and there was continuity of use of the Roman cemetery at nearby Poundbury . Dorchester has been suggested as the centre of a sub-kingdom of Dumnonia or other regional power base. One of the first raids of the Viking era may have taken place near Dorchester around 790. According to a chronicler, the King's reeve assembled
3700-657: The Bailiffs of Dorchester'. The mayor has a similar seal of office, but this has the inscription Dorcestriensis Sig: Maioris . In 2011, Dorchester was one of more than 20 towns across the country to apply for city status to mark the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II , although in March 2012 it was revealed that Dorchester's bid had been unsuccessful. Dorchester town centre is sited about 55 to 80 metres (180 to 262 ft) above sea-level on gently sloping ground beside
3800-587: The Bath . He was promoted to the rank of a general for America only on 26 March 1776. The next month Carleton commanded British naval forces on the Richelieu River , culminating in the Battle of Valcour Island on Lake Champlain in October 1776 against a rebel fleet led by General Benedict Arnold . The British, with a significantly superior fleet, won a decisive victory, destroying or capturing most of
3900-604: The British military. He was born and raised in Strabane in the west of County Tyrone , just across the River Foyle from Lifford in County Donegal . Guy also had a sister, Connolly Crawford. When he was fourteen his father, Christopher Carleton, died, and his mother, Catherine Carleton, then married Reverend Alexander Skelton, who took responsibility for his education. In 1742, at the age of seventeen, Carleton
4000-566: The British set up a new colony, which included the Black Poor from London. Washington disagreed with Sir Guy's actions and wrote: "…the measure is totally different from the letter and spirit of the Treaty but waiving the specialty of the point, leaving this decision to our respective Sovereigns I find it my duty to signify my readiness in conjunction with you to enter into agreements, or take any measures which may be deemed expedient to prevent
4100-524: The Church of St George on Fordington High Street, the Church of St Peter on High West Street, Max Gate on Syward Road, the Roman town house on Northernhay, and Shire Hall on High West Street. The Church of St George has a late-11th-century south door that has a Caen stone tympanum with a realistic carved representation of St George surrounded by soldiers, said to depict the miracle of his appearance at
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4200-501: The Dorchester area form the Dorchester Area Schools Partnership (DASP). There is also a private school, Sunninghill Prep School. Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester KB (3 September 1724 – 10 November 1808), known between 1776 and 1786 as Sir Guy Carleton , was a British Army officer, peer and colonial administrator. He twice served as Governor of
4300-692: The European continent since 1742, it was not until 1747 that Carleton and his regiment were despatched to Flanders . They fought the French, but were unable to prevent the Fall of Bergen-op-Zoom , a major Dutch fortress, and the war was brought to a halt by an armistice . In 1748 the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle was signed and Carleton returned to Britain. He was frustrated to still only be a lieutenant , and believed his opportunities of advancement would be limited with
4400-532: The Negroes, in which case justice was done to all, the former slaves and the owners. Carleton said that it would be a breach of faith not to honour the British policy of liberty to the Negro and declared that if removing them proved to be an infraction of the treaty, then compensation would have to be paid by the British government. To provide for such a contingency, he had a register kept of all Negroes who left, called
4500-640: The Old English Dornwary . The town became known as Dornwaraceaster or Dornwaracester , combining the original name Dor/Dorn from the Latin and Celtic languages with cester , an Old English word for a Roman station. This name evolved over time to Dorncester/Dornceaster and Dorchester. At the time of the Norman conquest , Dorchester was not a place of great significance; the Normans did build
4600-479: The Southampton railway, east of Weymouth Avenue and north of Maumbury Rings. The Duchy land was farmed under the open field system until 1874 when it was enclosed – or consolidated – into three large farms by the landowners and residents. The enclosures were followed by a series of key developments for the town: the enclosing of Poundbury hillfort for public enjoyment in 1876, the 'Fair Field' (new site for
4700-610: The Thirteen Colonies and Carleton did his best to have them resettled outside the United States. In May he had met with George Washington , among others, to arrange for the implementation of those parts of the Treaty of Paris relating to the evacuation of New York City, then commanded by Carleton and still occupied by the British Army, many Loyalists and former slaves . Carleton had refused to deliver over
4800-616: The Top o' Town crossroads. John Cowper Powys 's novel Maiden Castle (1936) is set in Dorchester and Powys intended it to be "a Rival of the Mayor of Casterbridge . Powys had lived in Dorchester as a child, between May 1880 and Christmas 1885, when his father was a curate there. Then, after returning from America in June 1934, he had lived at 38 High East Street, Dorchester, from October 1934 until July 1935, when he moved to Wales . The building
4900-505: The UK's first solar powered railway station. The Charles Street development has had a first phase completed that includes a library, adult education centre and offices for Dorset Council . Proposals for the development have included 23 shops, an underground car park, hotel and affordable housing. In the 2011 census Dorchester civil parish had 8,996 dwellings, 8,449 households and a population of 19,060, with 48.35% of residents being male and 51.65% being female. 17% of residents were under
5000-414: The act. While the clergy and the seigneurs (petty gentry) were happy with provisions favorable to them, British merchants and migrants from the Thirteen Colonies objected to a number of the provisions, which they thought were pro-Catholic. They argued that only English-speaking Protestants should be able to vote or hold public office. Many of the habitants were unhappy with the provisions reinstating
5100-423: The age of 16 (compared to 18.9% for England as a whole), and 22.4% of residents were age 65 or older (compared to 16.4% for England as a whole). Novelist and poet Thomas Hardy based the fictional town of Casterbridge on Dorchester, and his novel The Mayor of Casterbridge is set there. Hardy's childhood home is to the east of the town, and his town house, Max Gate , is owned by the National Trust and open to
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#17327654655775200-418: The biannual Dorchester Festival. Dorchester's roots stem back to prehistoric times. The earliest settlements were about 2 miles (3.2 km) southwest of the modern town centre in the vicinity of Maiden Castle , a large Iron Age hill fort that was one of the most powerful settlements in pre- Roman Britain . Different tribes lived there from 4000 BC. The Durotriges were likely to have been there when
5300-484: The bishops in Wessex, see Bishop of Winchester For the bishops in Mercia, see Bishop of Lincoln Bishop of Dorchester , modern episcopal title Dorchester Abbey , in Dorchester, Oxfordshire Dorchester Friary , in Dorset, England Other [ edit ] 3858 Dorchester , an asteroid Dorchester Publishing , a book publisher in the United States Dorchester Town F.C. , an association football club from Dorchester, Dorset Dennis Dorchester ,
5400-406: The corn exchange since 2015. Dorchester museums include the Roman Town House, the Dinosaur Museum , the Terracotta Warriors Museum, the Dorset Teddy Bear Museum , the Keep Military Museum , Dorset Museum . and the Tutankhamun Exhibition . All of these museums took part in the "Museums at Night" event in May 2011 in which museums across the UK opened after hours. The Shire Hall which contains
5500-430: The decision, with 84% voting in favour at the February 2008 ballot. The BID is funded by a levy on the businesses in the town. The BID lasts initially for five years, and between 2013 and 2018 the projects being undertaken include business support, security projects, town promotion, the provision of green spaces and making the town more visually attractive. In June 2018 the Dorchester BID was successful in being voted in for
5600-411: The destruction of 300 houses and two churches ( All Saints and Holy Trinity). Only a few of the town's early buildings have survived to the present day, including Judge Jeffreys ' lodgings and a Tudor almshouse . Among the replacement Georgian buildings are many, such as the Shire Hall , which are built in Portland stone . The municipal buildings , which incorporate the former corn exchange and
5700-423: The end of the war. In 1751 he joined the 1st Foot Guards and in 1752 was promoted to captain . His career received a major boost when he was chosen, at the suggestion of Wolfe, to act as a guide to The 3rd Duke of Richmond during a tour of the battlefields of the recent war. Richmond would become an influential patron to Carleton. In 1757, Guy Carleton was made a lieutenant colonel and served as part of
5800-401: The ensuing siege, which was broken by the arrival of British troops in May 1776 under command of John Burgoyne , who was appointed second-in-command. Carleton's younger brother Thomas was part of the relief effort. Guy Carleton launched a counteroffensive against the rebels, which included repelling an attempted attack on Trois-Rivières . In June 1776, he was appointed a Knight Companion of
5900-422: The fishing fleet when the vessels returned the next year, tried to be self-sufficient. The land was unsuitable, the colony failed and was moved to what is now Salem . In 1628, the enterprise received a Royal Charter and the Massachusetts Bay Company was formed with three hundred colonists arriving in America that year and more the following year. For his efforts on behalf of Puritan dissenters, White has been called
6000-409: The former town hall, were erected in 1848 on the site of an earlier town hall, which was built in 1791 and had a marketplace underneath. In the 17th century the town was at the centre of Puritan emigration to America , and the local rector , John White , organised the settlement of Dorchester, Massachusetts . The first colonisation attempted was at Cape Ann , where fishermen who would rejoin
6100-403: The future carrying away any Negroes or other property of the American people." On 28 November the evacuation was finished, and on 5 December Carleton departed from Staten Island to return to England. John Campbell of Strachur succeeded him as Commander-in-Chief, North America, although the post was then much reduced in scope. Upon his return to England, Carleton recommended the creation of
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#17327654655776200-409: The human property to the Americans at the time of the British evacuation. Instead, he proposed a registry so that "the owners might eventually be paid for the slaves who were entitled to their freedom by British Proclamation and promises." Sir Guy noted that nothing could be changed in any Articles that were inconsistent with prior policies or National Honour. He added that the only mode was to pay for
6300-459: The integration of Quebec into the British system. During his absence, Hector Theophilus de Cramahé , the lieutenant governor, ran the provincial government, with the aid of the first chief justice, William Hey , and the Attorney-General , Francis Maseres . The British merchants of Quebec, many of whom had become disaffected to the colonial administration under Murray, were, at least initially, of good will. The merchants would later be agent for e.g.
6400-452: The major northern expedition to divide the rebel colonies was given to General Burgoyne. Upset that he had not been given its command, Carleton asked to be recalled. He was replaced as governor and military commander of Quebec in 1778 by Frederick Haldimand , and returned to England. In 1780 he was appointed by Prime Minister Lord North to a commission investigating public finances. This post he held until 1782, when General Sir Henry Clinton
6500-426: The market, off Weymouth Avenue) in 1877, the Recreation Ground (also off Weymouth Avenue) opening in 1880, and the Eldridge Pope Brewery of 1881, adjacent to the railway line to Southampton. Salisbury Field was retained for public use in 1892 and land was purchased in 1895 for the formal Borough Gardens , between West Walks and Cornwall Road. The clock and bandstand were added in 1898. A permanent military presence
6600-469: The medieval period Dorchester became an important commercial and political centre. It was the site of the " Bloody Assizes " presided over by Judge Jeffreys after the Monmouth Rebellion , and later the trial of the Tolpuddle Martyrs . As well as having many listed buildings , a number of notable people have been associated with the town. It was for many years the home and inspiration of the author Thomas Hardy , whose novel The Mayor of Casterbridge uses
6700-415: The members swore an oath of allegiance , they were arrested and tried in the Shire Hall. Beneath the courtroom are cells where the prisoners were held while awaiting trial. Dorchester Prison was constructed in the town during the 19th century and was used for holding convicted and remanded inmates from the local courts until it closed in December 2013. Plans have since been made to erect 189 dwellings and
6800-399: The name of several United States Navy ships SS Dorchester , a War Shipping Administration troop transport ship torpedoed February 3, 1943, noted for four Army Chaplains that gave up their life vests to save others A fictional 'HMS Dorchester featured in the Norman Wisdom film The Bulldog Breed "Dorchester", a nickname for the AEC armoured command vehicle Dorchester armour,
6900-420: The north of Damer's Road, in 1835, the Southampton and Dorchester Railway and its station east of Weymouth Avenue, in 1847, the Great Western Railway and its station to the south of Damer's Road, in 1857, the waterworks , to the north of Bridport Road, in 1854, a cemetery, to the west of the new railway and east of Weymouth Avenue, in 1856, and a Dorset County Constabulary police station in 1860, west of
7000-473: The northern part of the Bay of Biscay , 10 miles (16 km) off the coast of France. Carleton led an attack on the French, but was seriously wounded and prevented from taking any further part in the fighting. After four weeks of fighting, the British gained complete control of the island. He was made colonel in 1762 and took part in the British expedition against Cuba , which also included Richard Montgomery , who went on to oppose him in 1775. On 22 July, he
7100-404: The number of burgesses increasing to fifteen by the reign of James I (1566–1625). In the 17th and 18th centuries Dorchester suffered several serious fires: in 1613, caused by a tallow chandler's cauldron getting too hot and setting alight; in 1622, started by a maltster ; in 1725, begun in a brewhouse; and in 1775, caused by a soap boiler. The 1613 fire was the most devastating, resulting in
7200-462: The original wall remains near the Top 'o Town roundabout. Other Roman remains include part of the town walls and the foundations of a town house near the county hall . Modern building works within the walls have unearthed Roman finds; in 1936 a cache of 22,000 3rd-century Roman coins was discovered in South Street. Other Roman finds include silver and copper coins known as Dorn pennies ,
7300-503: The province. In 1782 and 1783, he led as the commander-in-chief of all British forces in North America . In this capacity he was notable for carrying out the Crown's promise of freedom to slaves who joined the British, and he oversaw the evacuation of British forces, Loyalists and more than 3,000 freedmen from New York City in 1783 to transport them to a British colony. Toward this end, Carleton assigned Samuel Birch to create
7400-599: The provinces other than Quebec was effective only while he was present in person. He was raised to the Peerage of Great Britain in August 1786 as The 1st Baron Dorchester , Baron of Dorchester in the County of Oxford . The Constitutional Act of 1791 split the large territory of Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada , corresponding roughly to areas settled by ethnic British and ethnic French, respectively. Sir Alured Clarke
7500-595: The public. Hardy is buried in Westminster Abbey , but his heart was removed and buried in Stinsford . William Barnes , the West Country dialect poet, was Rector of Winterborne Came , a hamlet near Dorchester, for 24 years until his death in 1886, and ran a school in the town. There is a statue of Hardy and one of Barnes in the town centre; Barnes outside St. Peter's Church, and Hardy's beside
7600-493: The rebel fleet, but the delay prevented Carleton from continuing on to capture Fort Ticonderoga that year. His brother Thomas and nephew Christopher both served on his staff during the campaign. The morning following the battle, a small island in Lake Champlain was named Carleton's Prize , perhaps to Carleton's embarrassment at the time. He was promoted to lieutenant general on 6 September 1777. In 1777, command of
7700-544: The service sector. Significant employers for residents in the town include AEA Technology , BAeSEMA Ltd, Dorset County Council , Dorset County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust , Goulds Ltd, Henry Ling Ltd, Kingston Maurward College , Tesco , and Winterbourne Hospital. In 2008 the Dorchester BID, a business improvement district , was set up to promote the town and improve the trading environment for town centre businesses. Local traders were overwhelmingly in favour of
7800-484: The south bank of the River Frome . Measured directly, it is about 7 miles (11 km) north of Weymouth , 18 miles (29 km) SSE of Yeovil in Somerset , and 20 miles (32 km) west of Poole . The town's built-up area extends south, west and southeast of the town centre; to the north and northeast growth is restricted by the floodplain and watermeadows of the river. The land immediately south and west of
7900-542: The summer of 1775, Carleton directed the preparation of provincial defences, which were focused on Fort Saint-Jean. In September, the Continental Army began its invasion and besieged the fort . When it fell in November, Carleton was forced to flee from Montreal to Quebec City , escaping capture by disguising himself as a commoner . In December 1775 he directed the city's defences in the Battle of Quebec and
8000-409: The town centre is Maumbury Rings , an ancient British henge earthwork converted by the Romans for use as an amphitheatre , and to the north west is Poundbury Hill , another pre-Roman fortification. Little evidence exists to suggest continued occupation after the withdrawal of the Roman administration from Britain. The name Durnovaria survived into Old Welsh as Durngueir , recorded by Asser in
8100-719: The town is part of the Dorset National Landscape area. It is traversed by the South Dorset Ridgeway , part of the South West Coast Path . There are over five hundred ancient monuments along the chalk hills that form the ridgeway, including barrows , stone circles and hillforts ; many archaeological finds from the area are on view at the Dorset Museum in Dorchester. The geology of the town comprises bedrock formed in
8200-489: The town's northeastern and southwestern boundaries but also elsewhere. In 2012 there were 17,500 people working in Dorchester, 51% of whom were working full-time. 57% of jobs were in public administration, education and health, 18% were in professional and market services (including finance and ICT ), 17% were in distribution, accommodation and food, 4% were in production and 2% in construction. The unemployment rate in July 2014
8300-450: The town. Dorchester elects five councillors to Dorset Council from three wards ( Dorchester East , Dorchester Poundbury and Dorchester West ) There are four electoral wards for Dorchester Town Council (North, South, East and West). Historically, Dorchester was a municipal borough from 1836 to 1974, and then part of West Dorset district from its creation in 1974 to its abolition in 2019. For elections to parliament , Dorchester
8400-622: The unheralded founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony . (Some observers have attributed the oversight to the fact that White, unlike John Winthrop , never went to America.) In 1642, just before the English Civil War , Hugh Green , a Catholic chaplain was executed here. After his execution, Puritans played football with his head. The town was heavily defended against the Royalists in the civil war and Dorset
8500-412: Was 0.9% of residents aged 16–64. Dorchester has six industrial estates: The Grove Trading Estate (7.1 ha or 18 acres), Poundbury Trading Estate (5 ha or 12 acres), Marabout Barracks (2 ha or 4.9 acres), Great Western Centre (1.4 ha or 3.5 acres), Railway Triangle (1.4 ha or 3.5 acres) and Casterbridge Industrial Estate (1.1 ha or 2.7 acres). The estates mostly house light industrial units, wholesalers and
8600-519: Was bought in 1896 and building began in 1897, Queen Victoria 's Diamond Jubilee year. The lime trees in Queen's Avenue were planted in February 1897. Poundbury is the western extension of the town, constructed since 1993 according to urban village principles on Duchy of Cornwall land owned by Charles III . Being developed over 25 years in four phases, it will eventually have 2,500 dwellings and
8700-740: Was commissioned as an ensign into the 25th Regiment of Foot , in which in 1745 he was promoted to lieutenant. During this period he became a friend of James Wolfe ; he may have served with Wolfe at the Battle of Culloden during the Jacobite rising of 1745 . Two of his brothers, William and Thomas, also joined the British Army . In 1740 the War of the Austrian Succession broke out in Europe. Despite British troops having been engaged on
8800-595: Was designed by Thomas Hardy in the Queen Anne style, and was his home until his death in 1928. It was built in 1885. The remains of the Roman house north of county hall date from the early 4th century, with later 4th-century enlargements. It has a hypocaust heating system and mosaic pavements. It is the only visible Roman town house in Britain. The current Shire Hall building was designed by Thomas Hardwick and built in Portland stone ashlar in 1797. It replaced
8900-800: Was established in the town with the completion of the Depot Barracks in 1881. The High West Street drill hall was created, by converting a private house, around the same time. Land was developed for housing outside the walls including the Cornwall Estate, between the Borough Gardens and the Great Western Railway from 1876 and the Prince of Wales Estate from 1880. Land for the Victoria Park Estate
9000-809: Was eventually recaptured by the Puritans. In 1685 the Duke of Monmouth failed in his invasion attempt, the Monmouth Rebellion , and almost 300 of his men were condemned to death or transportation in the " Bloody Assizes " presided over by Judge Jeffreys in the Oak Room of the Antelope Hotel in Dorchester. In 1833, the Tolpuddle Martyrs founded the Friendly Society of Agricultural Labourers . Trade unions were legal but because
9100-453: Was father of Arthur, 2nd Baron Dorchester; Christopher's younger brother, the sixth son, Lieutenant-Colonel George Carleton, was father of Guy, the 3rd Baron. The title was extinct at the 3rd Baron's death in 1897, but it was revived when his daughter, Henrietta, was created Baroness Dorchester ; the title was extinct again at the death of her son, Dudley, 2nd Baron, in 1963. Carleton was promoted to major general on 25 May 1772. While he
9200-427: Was founded in 1569 and endowed by Thomas Hardye, a merchant in 1579. A free school "one of the most striking achievements of puritan Dorchester" operated here in the 1600s. The Thomas Hardye School was expanded and reopened in 1888 and in February 2023 it had 2,103 pupils enrolled. The author Thomas Hardy, a distant relative, was a school governor here from 1909 until shortly before his death. The nineteen schools in
9300-505: Was given command of the upcoming campaign against the city of Quebec , and selected Carleton as his quarter-master general. King George refused to make this appointment also until Lord Ligonier talked to the king about the matter and the king changed his mind. When Lieutenant-Colonel Carleton arrived in Halifax he assumed command of six hundred grenadiers . He was with the British forces when they arrived at Quebec in June 1759. Carleton
9400-521: Was in London, the Parliament passed the Quebec Act of 1774 , based upon his recommendations. It determined how the province was to be administered and was part of a continuing effort to respect some French traditions while ensuring rights of citizens as understood by the Kingdom of Great Britain. Carleton and Maria returned to Quebec on 18 September 1774, where he began implementing the provisions of
9500-454: Was known as "the southern capital of coat-turning", as the county gentry found it expedient to change allegiance and to swap the sides they supported on several occasions. In 1643, the town was attacked by 2,000 troops under Robert Dormer, 1st Earl of Carnarvon . Its defences proved inadequate and it quickly surrendered but was spared the plunder and punishment it might otherwise have received. It remained under Royalist control for some time, but
9600-511: Was named as the lieutenant governor of Lower Canada and John Graves Simcoe the lieutenant governor of Upper Canada. In August 1791 Carleton left for Britain and on 7 February 1792 took his seat in the House of Lords . He left for Canada again on 18 August 1793 to resume his duties there. His replacement, Robert Prescott , arrived in May 1796. On 9 July 1796 Carleton sailed from Canada to Britain, never to return. In retirement Lord Dorchester, as he
9700-451: Was published. The shield is divided into quarters, two depicting lions and two fleur-de-lis , copied from the shields of the troops from Dorset who took part in the Battle of Agincourt in 1415. The fleur-de-lis have a scattered arrangement which shows that permission for the armorial bearings was given before 1405, after which date the rights were varied by King Henry VI . The inscription 'Sigillum Bailivorum Dorcestre' translates as 'Seal of
9800-531: Was recalled in the aftermath of the 1781 surrender at Yorktown . Carleton was appointed to replace Clinton as Commander-in-Chief, America , in May 1782. His headquarters in New York City were located at Number One Broadway. In August 1783, Carleton was informed that Great Britain would grant the United States its independence. With his exit from New York imminent, Carleton asked to be relieved of his command. With this news, Loyalists began an exodus from
9900-453: Was responsible for the provisioning of the army and also acting as an engineer supervising the placement of cannon. Carleton received a head wound during the Battle of the Plains of Abraham and he returned to England after the battle in October 1759. On 29 March 1761, as the lieutenant colonel of the 72nd Regiment of Foot he took part in the attack on Belle Île , an island off the coast of
10000-400: Was wounded leading an attack on a Spanish outpost. In 1764 he transferred to the 93rd Regiment of Foot . On 7 April 1766, Carleton was named acting Lieutenant Governor and Administrator of Quebec with James Murray officially in charge. He arrived in Quebec on 22 September 1766. As Carleton had no experience in public affairs and came from a politically insignificant family, his appointment
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