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21-560: The district, adjacent to Presnensky , Arbat , and Khamovniki Districts of Central Administrative Okrug , contains a prestigious 5-kilometer (3.1 mi) strip of land along Kutuzovsky Prospekt , Victory Park, and Kiyevsky Rail Terminal . Original Dorogomilovo sloboda was located on the opposite (eastern) bank of the Moskva River , between Khamovniki and Novodevichy Monastery . Peasants of this sloboda, personally free, were paying their taxes with Yam (mail coach) service on

42-489: Is a district of Central Administrative Okrug of the federal city of Moscow, Russia. Population: 123,284 ( 2010 Census ) ; 116,979 ( 2002 Census ) . The district is home to the Moscow Zoo , White House of Russia , Kudrinskaya Square Building , Patriarch Ponds , Vagankovo Cemetery , and Moscow-City financial district (under construction). The name of Presnya (noun; adjective: Presnensky) district

63-889: Is inherited from the Presnya River , now flowing largely in an underground pipe and entering the Moskva River immediately west of the White House of Russia . Ponds that were set up on Presnya River and its tributaries in the seventeenth century survive as Patriarshy Pond (one of three ponds formerly on the Bubna stream in the Goat Marsh area) and the Moscow Zoo ponds (on the Presnya River proper). Another small north–south brook flows in piping two kilometers west from Presnya river. Today, it fills four ponds separating

84-439: The 1920s, Dorogomilovo housed some of Moscow's post-war firsts, notably, the first new school (School No. 56 at 22 Kutuzovsky, 1927), the first new hotel ( Kiyevskaya , 1934), and a student campus that gave it name to Studencheskaya Street and a metro station. In 1935, Dorogomilovo became the site of a major stalinist architecture project. A 2.7-kilometer long stretch of Dorogomilovskaya Street and Mozhaysk highway

105-585: The 1998 crises. At the same time, old industrial properties are torn down and replaced with office space of varying quality. Tram network in Presnensky District, severely cut in 1950s and 1973, was destroyed in 2000–2004 (see photographs with English text tram.rusign.com ). Some of the factories located in the district, such as Trekhgornaya Manufaktura , had been converted in the loft area with offices of fashion and media companies. Bolshevik Too Many Requests If you report this error to

126-464: The 19th century was slow, due to the regular floods. The main employers in the area was a brewery set on a hill in 1875, still operating as Badayev Brewery ( 19th century postcard Archived May 4, 2005, at the Wayback Machine ), a dye factory (1883), and a cement plant (1894). Newspapers, describing 1879 flood, wrote that "brewery workers managed to roll out a beer barrel and floated away from

147-610: The Georgian community there dispersed within nineteenth century. By 1787, there were four ponds on the Presnya, with a wooden bridge, two dams and a water mill ; in 1805, a stone bridge was built. Entertainment relocated east, closer to Presnya River, and the Kremlin Administrator, Valuev, made a short-lived miracle of converting the dirty banks of the Presnya into an upper-class promenade. Entertainment continued with

168-463: The Saviour , photo Archived May 4, 2005, at the Wayback Machine ), rated for 10,000 worshippers. It was set on the site of present-day corner block at 1 Bolshaya Dorogomilovskaya; there are no reliable explanations why it was built in such a remote and scarcely populated place. Construction of Byzantine Revival Bogoyavlensky Church proceeded from 1898 to 1910. Originally modelled after Christ

189-548: The Saviour, the design was later changed from five-domed to a single dome, and externally was the most austere of Moscow cathedrals. Starting in 1918, Bolshevik authorities began harassing the clergy, and in 1922 stripped the church of all silver and gold, causing the Dorogomilovo Riot (April 5–7, 1922). After the demolition of Christ the Saviour (1931), Dorogomilovo Cathedral was the main operating church of Russian Orthodox Church , until its destruction in 1938. In

210-519: The fighting, had been killed. In the November 1917 , Presnya workers took over the neighborhood again. Martemyan Ryutin was secretary of the local Communist Party in 1932, when the Ryutin Affair occurred; this was one of the last attempts to block Joseph Stalin 's rise to power from within the party. In the 1920s, streets of central Presnya were rebuilt into five to six story housing for

231-467: The old Presnya district from the Expocenter and Moskva-City developments. This river, named in municipal reports as Studenetz (after a spring on its route) or Vaganskoi (after a cemetery) River flows just under 4 km. Present-day Krasnaya Presnya street is a part of a historical road connecting Moscow with Novgorod via Volokolamsk since the twelfth century. In the 17th century, lands south of

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252-479: The old road to Smolensk , the main link between Moscow and Poland . Smolensk was annexed by Moscow in the course of the Russo-Polish War , and as a result the road was straightened and a new river crossing emerged on site of present-day Borodinsky Bridge . Dorogomilovo sloboda relocated to the western bank, to present-day Dorogomilovo. For the next two hundred years, the new and the old settlements shared

273-494: The perimeters of large city blocks; inside, wooden shacks survived until the 1970s and were replaced with Brezhnev-era standard housing (of better-than-average variety). The Embassy of India School Moscow is in the district. Moscow Metro : Presnensky District 55°44′48″N 37°32′13″E  /  55.74667°N 37.53694°E  / 55.74667; 37.53694 Presnensky District ( Russian : Пре́сненский райо́н ), commonly called Presnya ( Пре́сня ),

294-484: The private Studenetz Park and the public Moscow Zoo (1864). But the district itself became an industrial, densely populated working-class area. In the December 1905 the whole district, the centre of textile industry, was taken over by revolutionary militias ; government troops had to bring in artillery to subdue the revolt. Much of the Presnya district was destroyed, and more than one thousand, mostly civilians caught in

315-541: The remains at out-of-town cemeteries. Remains of Isaac Levitan were relocated from Jewish cemetery to Novodevichy Cemetery . A railroad track to the brewery was severed from the main line, as a result one can see an IS20 steam locomotive stranded behind factory gates. Post-war construction was concentrated on the embankments and the beginning of Kutuzovsky Prospect, notably, the Ukraina Hotel Skyscraper (1947–1952). Grand stalinist buildings completed

336-488: The retreat of Russian troops and Napoleon 's conquest of Moscow. The village of Fili , where Kutuzov made his decision to abandon Moscow, is situated just outside the modern Dorogomilovo District boundary. The French marched to Moscow in three columns, crossing the river in Fili , Dorogomilovo, and Luzhniki . Meanwhile, wounded at Battle of Borodino were dying and buried at Dorogomilovo cemeteries. Industrial development of

357-436: The road were managed by Patriarch Joachim 's court, lands north from it belonged to Voskresenskoye settlement, laid down by Tsar Feodor III . This royal village housed a private zoo, a distant predecessor of current Moscow Zoo. In 1729, Voskresenskoe became property of Vakhtang VI of Kartli , a deposed Georgian king in exile. The memories of Vakhtang and his court remain in the names of Gruzinskaya (Georgian) streets; however,

378-630: The same name. The only other settlement on the western bank was a fishing village owned by the Patriarch . In 1731–1742, when Moscow city boundary expanded to Kamer-Kollezhsky Val limits, Dorogomilovo sloboda was incorporated into Moscow. Gradually, the once-free coach-drivers were stripped of their liberties and reduced to taxpayer peasant status. Former sloboda population decreased from 117 households in 1699 to 24 in 1801. Instead, Dorogomilovo acquired one of Moscow's largest cemeteries (Orthodox, 1771, Jewish, 1788). In 1812 , old Smolensk road witnessed

399-499: The site"... Development was boosted by construction of Bryansky (now Kiyevsky) railroad terminal, originally built in wood ( 1900 postcard ). In 1912, the city built new Borodinsky Bridge , which still stands. New Kiyevsky Terminal, designed by Ivan Rerberg and Vladimir Shukhov in 1912–1914, was completed during the Russian Civil War , in 1920. Dorogomilovo used to have Moscow's second largest cathedral (after Christ

420-668: The workers, although most of the district remained wooden low-rises. Stalinist construction projects concentrated on Garden Ring , while the working-class areas east of it were neglected. In the Leonid Brezhnev era, major administrative buildings were built including the White House of Russia (1975–1981), Comecon Building (1964–1968) and the Center for International Trade (1977–1981), and numerous look-alike apartment blocks. Moscow-City project, conceived in 1992, commenced after

441-459: Was zoned for first-rate housing construction; half of the project was actually completed before June 1941 . One of these apartment blocks, 26 Kutuzovsky, is known as Leonid Brezhnev 's, Mikhail Suslov 's and Yuri Andropov 's home. Construction was completed during post-war years. In 1938–1950s, Dorogomilovo cemeteries were gradually destroyed and redeveloped; however, for a short time in 1938–1940 and in 1946, relatives were allowed to re-bury

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