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25-695: The Sendai Domain was based at Aoba Castle in Mutsu Province , in the modern city of Sendai , located in the Tōhoku region of the island of Honshu . The Sendai Domain was ruled for its existence by the tozama daimyō of the Date , and under the kokudaka system its income rating at 625,000 koku was the third-largest domain in Japan after the Satsuma Domain and Kaga Domain . The Sendai Domain

50-508: A botanical garden by Tohoku University . The castle hill is partially surrounded by the Hirose River to the north and east, and a steep slope protects the south. The Honmaru (inner bailey) is about 115 meters high, and is a roughly square-shaped area 250 meters long surrounded by stone walls, in some places 15 meters high. It contained the foundation for the tenshu , (equivalent to the main keep of European castles ); however, only

75-567: A northern coalition of domains. This became the Ōuetsu Reppan Dōmei . The Sendai domain was punished for its actions against the imperial army in the Boshin War, though not as severely as Aizu . Sendai's holdings were reduced; it was also made the center of the new government's operations in the north. Shiroishi Castle was also taken from Sendai, and given to the Nanbu clan which had been newly moved from Morioka Castle . As with all others,

100-655: Is no record of major damage. During the Bakumatsu period , the castle was one of the nerve centers of the Ōuetsu Reppan Dōmei during the Boshin War , as Date Yoshikuni was leader of the pro-Tokugawa alliance. Taken over by the Meiji government in the aftermath of Sendai's surrender, it was partially dismantled in the 1870s, and the grounds were given over to the Imperial Japanese Army , who used it as

125-747: The Edo period. There were eleven main ranks into which the retainers of the Sendai domain were divided. The domain's school was known as the Yōkendō 養賢堂. A medical school was established in Sendai in 1822. In 1868, the Sendai Domain did not have forces active in the Battle of Toba–Fushimi ; however, it did have a liaison office in Kyoto which kept track of the developing situation. It was approached several times by

150-725: The Japanese government. However, these structures and all else in the castle were destroyed completely on July 10, 1945, by the United States during the Bombing of Sendai during World War II . During the occupation of Japan , the castle site came under the control of the United States Army , which razed any remaining Edo period structures. It was returned to Japan in 1957. In 1961, the Sendai City Museum

175-481: The Sendai Domain's jitsudaka , or true income level, may have been somewhere between one and two million koku. A relief sculpture on the base of Masamune's equestrian statue in Sendai Castle commemorates his entry into the city, which was then a small village. A list of the daimyōs of Sendai follows below, in chronological order: Munemoto ruled briefly as the 14th and final lord of Sendai in 1868, when

200-502: The Sendai domain was abolished in 1871, by the haihan chiken order. Aoba Castle Aoba Castle ( 青葉 城 , Aoba-jō ) is a Japanese castle located in Sendai , Miyagi Prefecture , Japan . Throughout the Edo period , Aoba Castle was home to the Date clan , daimyō of Sendai Domain . The castle was also known as Sendai-jō ( 仙台城 ) or as Gojō-rō ( 五城楼 ) . In 2003,

225-710: The base for the Sendai Garrison (later the IJA 2nd Division ). A large fire in 1882 destroyed many of the remaining structures of the castle. In 1902, a Shinto shrine , the Gokoku Shrine ( 護国神社 , Gokoku-jinja ) honoring the war dead, was established. In 1931, two of the few remaining structures of the castle, the Omotemon Gate and the Wakiyagura tower, were designated as National Treasures by

250-459: The castle ruins were designated a National Historic Site . Aoba Castle is located on a plateau overlooking the city of Sendai on the opposing bank of the Hirose River. The site is protected by cliffs to the south and east, and by a deep forest to the west. This forest was strictly guarded in the Edo period and is a rare survivor of the original virgin forests in Honshū . The area is now managed as

275-689: The castle with the inner bailey and San-no-Maru bailey at the base of the hill. Work on the castle, including the San-no-Maru bailey and numerous gates was completed by Date Tadamune in 1637. After completion, castle served as the headquarters of the Date clan and administrative center of Mutsu Province under the Tokugawa shogunate . The castle was destroyed repeatedly by earthquakes and fires, notably in 1616, 1648, 1668 and 1710. More than six major earthquakes occurred between 1710 and 1868, but there

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300-459: The command of the (Imperial) Commander-in-Chief ... Sendai and Yonezawa have submitted appeals, and they are probably working with Aizu ... therefore we should go to Kyoto, and describe the situation in the north, viewing all in Ōu (Mutsu and Dewa) as enemies ... Naturally, the Sendai men were outraged that they too were to be punished despite their cooperation. A group of these men killed Sera, and pushed ahead with Sendai sponsorship of

325-432: The domain was abolished. He thus became the first imperial governor of Sendai, serving until 1870, and was succeeded by a cousin, Date Muneatsu , who served as the second imperial governor until 1871. The Sendai domain, like many other domains across the country, had its political center in its castle town (what became the modern city of Sendai). However, some retainers had their personal landholdings scattered throughout

350-453: The domain's territory, as it was largely contiguous. Their presence provided a secondary, more local level of supervision. Certain of the higher-ranked retainers of Sendai even separated from the main domain and founded their own territories. Mizusawa Domain was one such short-lived subdomain. The Ichinoseki Domain , ruled by the Tamura family, was another subdomain, and survived to the end of

375-632: The foundation base was ever built. Instead the Honmaru was protected by four 3-story Yagura . The daimyō residence within the Honmaru was built in the flamboyant Momoyama-style and contemporaries compared it with Toyotomi Hideyoshi 's legendary Jurakudai Palace in Kyoto . North of the Honmaru was the Ni-no-maru (Second Bailey) and the San-no-maru (Third Bailey), followed by an area containing

400-428: The nascent imperial government with requests to assist in subduing Aizu. Sendai did provide some cooperation to the new government, and accepted its envoys, under Kujō Michitaka , that spring. However, Date Yoshikuni , the daimyō of Sendai, opposed the harshness shown against Aizu, saying that it was like "a sentence being passed on one who never had a trial". Despite its efforts at negotiating on behalf of Aizu, Sendai

425-547: The residences of the highest samurai officials of the domain. The Ni-no-Maru was used for both governmental functions and was the location of the main residence of the daimyō . The Honmaru was reserved only for certain ceremonial functions. A bridge across the Hirose River led to the Higashi-no-maru (East Bailey), which also had the Ōte-mon (Main Gate) of the castle. The site of Aoba Castle, a small hill called “Mount Aoba”

450-465: The very beginning of Meiji restoration when the annihilation of the Shogunate was announced on 1868-01-03. His right to show at the imperial court was halted. Soon later in the same year he was rehabilitated and appointed of the clan master of Fujiwara clan . During the Boshin War , he had nominal leadership of the imperial army's Northern Pacification Command (奥羽鎮撫総督府), and spent the latter part of

475-511: Was a kuge or Japanese court noble of the late Edo period and politician of the early Meiji era who served as a member of the House of Peers . One of his daughters, Sadako married Emperor Taishō . He was the maternal grandfather of Emperor Showa . In the bakumatsu period, Kujō supported the Shogunate policy as one of highest courtier of the imperial court and hence lost the power at

500-522: Was built on the site of the San-no-Maru enclosure. Over the next decades, stone base, some walls, and some wooden structures, have been rebuilt to increase the tourist potential of the site, and in 2006, Aoba Castle was designated one of the 100 Fine Castles of Japan . [REDACTED] Media related to Sendai Castle at Wikimedia Commons Kuj%C5%8D Michitaka Kujō Michitaka ( 九条 道孝 , June 11, 1839 – January 4, 1906) , son of regent Kujō Hisatada and adopted son of his brother, Kujō Yukitsune,

525-769: Was dissolved in the abolition of the han system in 1871 by the Meiji government . The Sendai domain was founded in the closing years of the 16th century. When Date Masamune presented himself to Toyotomi Hideyoshi , who was undertaking the Odawara Campaign , he was granted the former fiefs of the Kasai 葛西 and Ōsaki 大崎 families, in return for his hereditary lands of Yonezawa 米沢, Aizu 会津, and Sendō 仙道. Upon entry into his new fief, Masamune took up residence in Iwadeyama Castle , and then started construction on Sendai Castle . The name of Sendai at this time

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550-473: Was geographically the largest domain in northern Japan with its mostly- contiguous holdings covering most of southern Mutsu Province, including all of present-day Miyagi Prefecture , parts of southern Iwate Prefecture and northeastern Fukushima Prefecture . The Sendai Domain was the focal member of the Ōuetsu Reppan Dōmei against the Meiji Restoration during the Boshin War . The Sendai Domain

575-522: Was largely cooperative with the Kyoto government for much of the spring of 1868. This came to an end in May 1868, when Sendai men discovered that the Chōshū officer Sera Shūzō (who had accompanied the imperial delegation) had written a slanderous letter indicating a desire to describe "all in the north to be enemies," and to ask for reinforcements to subdue the entire region by armed force. We have no soldiers under

600-658: Was the site of a fortified residence of a branch of the Shimazu clan, the nominal kokushi of Mutsu Province from the early Kamakura period . In the Muromachi period , it was controlled by the Ji-samurai Kokubun clan, which was in turn destroyed by the Date clan. Following the Battle of Sekigahara , in 1601, the area was visited by Tokugawa Ieyasu , who renamed “Mount Aoba” as “Sendai”. The first daimyō of Sendai Domain, Date Masamune began construction of

625-545: Was written 千代, however, Masamune changed it to 仙臺 (Later changed to the current 仙台)("hermit's platform," presumably alluding to Chinese mysticism). During the Sekigahara Campaign , the Date clan had been promised an increase in formal domain income to one million koku ; however, as they were fighting with the Uesugi clan for their old lands in the Date district, this did not come to pass. It has been estimated that

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