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76-575: Feingold was born in Chelsea , Massachusetts , United States in 1922. In 1944 he graduated from Massachusetts Institute of Technology with a bachelor's degree in chemistry. Following his graduation, he enlisted in the United States Navy . Feingold served on an Landing Ship, Tank in the Pacific for nine months, from 1945 to 1946. From 1947 to 1949 he continued his studies in chemistry at

152-571: A Plan E form of government, which is a combination of representative town meeting and Town Manager. Saugus was the first town in Massachusetts to accept this form of government. This plan included a Single transferable vote voting system, but this was abandoned in 1950. Elections for all seats on the Board of Selectmen, School Committee, Town Meeting, and Housing Authority are held biennially in odd-numbered years. The Town Manager serves as

228-742: A circulation pattern that works for cars, buses, pedestrians, transit riders, and bicyclists." The Route 1 North Expressway is a limited access highway that cuts the City of Chelsea in half. The Tobin Bridge , a major regional transportation artery, carries Route 1 from Chelsea across the Mystic River to Charlestown . Chelsea is served by the Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority 's Commuter Rail . The Commuter Rail provides service from Boston 's North Station with

304-702: A collective effort to advance the economic prosperity and quality of life in the district. Since the beginning of 2017 City officials kicked off Reimagining Broadway as a way to improve the downtown streets for motorists, pedestrians, and public transit. On July 23, 2019, the Baker-Polito Administration announced the expansion of the Transformative Development Initiative (TDI), a MassDevelopment program for Gateway Cities designed to accelerate economic growth within focused districts. Lt. Governor Karyn Polito made

380-531: A garbage incineration plant built. Although the refinery plans fell through in October 1975, the incineration plant was completed. It would become the first commercially successful incineration plant in the U.S. and is still in operation today. In 1989, the attempted murder of Frank Salemme (infamous criminal associate of Whitey Bulger and Stephen Flemmi ) by Angelo Mercurio took place in Saugus. During

456-402: A partnership with SolSmart , a team of individuals dedicated to implementation of Solar energy, by making solar panels accessible through zoning laws, offering affordable solar options and providing education and resources for those who are interested in these efforts. Reimagine Broadway was a six-month long planning effort that began in 2017 to transform downtown Chelsea, with the guidance of

532-406: A population of 40,787, thereby making it the one of the most densely populated cities in Massachusetts only second to Somerville . With a total area of 2.46 square miles (6.4 km ), Chelsea is the smallest city in Massachusetts in terms of total area. It is the city with the one of the highest percentage of Latino residents in Massachusetts , only second to Lawrence . The area of Chelsea

608-586: A practical extension of I-95 into Boston. Route 1 through Saugus was once known for its abundance of kitschy roadside commercial architecture, including the 68-foot neon cactus of the Hilltop Steak House , though since the 2000s some of these landmarks have been demolished or fallen into disrepair. The route is also shared by a 3/4-mile long concurrency with Route 129 , which passes through North Saugus before joining Route 1 to head northward into Lynnfield. Route 99 terminates at Route 1 as well, in

684-608: A smaller building a few blocks away from the original location. The old building was demolished to make way for condominiums. Saugus, Massachusetts Saugus is a town in Essex County, Massachusetts , United States, in the Greater Boston area. The population was 28,619 at the 2020 census . Saugus is known as the site of the first integrated iron works in North America. Native Americans inhabited

760-645: Is John Quatieri who was sworn in on March 8, 2024. Emergency Medical Services are contracted to private ambulance provider Cataldo Ambulance Service , which has serviced the city since 1982. Chelsea has eight places on the National Register of Historic Places . Founded in 1897, the Chelsea Clock Company is an American clock manufacturing company still in existence. In 2015, the Chelsea Clock Company moved to

836-555: Is a Democratic stronghold, having voted for every Democratic nominee for President since 1928. Before 1928, Chelsea, like many municipalities in Massachusetts , was a Republican stronghold. According to Chelsea's 2012 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are: Under City Manager Ambrosino, Chelsea has implemented several innovative data analysis and tracking programs. Many of these programs are led and administered in conjunction with fellows from

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912-658: Is land and 1.0 square mile (2.6 km ), or 8.53%, is water. The town lies just inland from Massachusetts Bay , divided from the ocean by the Point of Pines neighborhood of Revere . The southern end of town is dominated by Rumney Marsh, which lies along the Pines River, a tributary of the Saugus River . The Saugus River flows through town and is fed by several brooks. There are several ponds within town, including parts of Birch Pond, Hawkes Pond and Walden Pond. Part of

988-582: The American Revolutionary War . Saugus' preacher, Parson Joseph Roby , worked to strengthen the spirit of independence in Saugus and was instrumental in seeing that Saugus sent a large contingent to fight in the war. The nineteenth century ice industry began in Saugus when in 1804 Frederic Tudor cut ice from a pond on the family farm and shipped it to Martinique . In 1805 the Newburyport Turnpike (now U.S. 1 )

1064-584: The Chelsea station on its Newburyport/Rockport Line . Some MBTA Bus routes have a link to subway transit systems, including 111, 112, 116, and 117. Chelsea is served by many MBTA bus routes providing local service to East Boston, Revere , Everett , and other nearby cities as well as bus rapid transit connections to Logan Airport and downtown Boston via the MBTA's Silver Line . The Silver Line's SL3 route to Chelsea has been in operation since 2018. The new SL3 route begins at South Station and runs through

1140-538: The Chelsea Creek and Mill Creek and the Island End River border it to the west. The topography of Chelsea consists primarily of coastal lowlands, punctuated by four drumlins formed during the last Ice Age. These drumlins are located in the southwest (Admirals Hill), southeast (Mount Bellingham), northeast (Powderhorn Hill) and northwest (Mount Washington). A smaller drumlin (Mill Hill) is located on

1216-602: The Harvard Kennedy School 's Innovation Field Lab. According to Chelsea's 2017 "State of the City" report, "this partnership allows the city to benefit from the questions and suggestions of [domestic and] international graduate students." In 2016, the City Council approved a $ 5.2 million grant for infrastructure improvements in the district. The project has been supported by a newly hired Downtown Coordinator and aims to engage residents and local businesses in

1292-762: The Lynn Woods Reservation , and most of the Breakheart Reservation and Rumney Marsh Reservation lie within town. Saugus is divided into several neighborhood villages, including Saugus Center, East Saugus, North Saugus, Pleasant Hills, Lynnhurst, Oaklandvale, Hammersmith Village, Golden Hills, Blacksmith Village, Bristow and Cliftondale. Of these, the majority of the town's population resides in Lynnhurst, Pleasant Hills, Cliftondale, East Saugus and Saugus Center; Oaklandvale and North Saugus are much less densely populated. The town lies at

1368-725: The New Hampshire state line. U.S. Route 1 passes through town as a high-speed divided six-lane highway, with five exits throughout town. This stretch of Route 1, though not a full controlled access highway (it is lined with a major shopping district, including the Square One Mall ), is the main commuter route out of Boston for the North Shore region, heading towards the interchange of Interstate 95 and Massachusetts Route 128 in Lynnfield, effectively serving as

1444-710: The University of Colorado . He taught until his retirement in 1993. He died in September 2019 at the age of 96. In 1957 Feingold was awarded the Israel Prize , in exact sciences , jointly with his research partner Shlomo Hestrin and their student Gad Avigad . Chelsea, Massachusetts Chelsea is a city in Suffolk County, Massachusetts , United States, directly across the Mystic River from Boston . The 2020 census reported Chelsea as having

1520-488: The census of 2010, there were 26,628 people, 10,318 households, and 7,144 families residing in the town. The population density was 2,373.7 inhabitants per square mile (916.5/km ). The racial makeup of the town was 91.9% White , 4.0% Hispanic or Latino , 2.7% Asian , 2.1% Black or African American , 0.1% Native American , 0.0% Pacific Islander , 1.6% from other races , and 1.6% from two or more races. There were 10,318 households, out of which 17.1% had children under

1596-596: The for-profit Everest Institute have satellite locations of their schools in Chelsea. The city of Chelsea has firefighters of the City of Chelsea Fire Department, operating from three fire stations across the city, each shift commanded by a Deputy Chief. Chelsea Fire operates an apparatus fleet of four engines, two ladders, two special operations units, a maintenance unit, a foam-tender unit, and several other special, support, and reserve units. Chelsea Fire responds to ~11,000 emergency calls annually. The Chief of Department

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1672-694: The poverty line , including 28.8% of those under age 18 and 20.9% of those age 65 or over. In 2010, 38% of Chelsea residents were born outside of the United States. This is the highest percentage of foreign-born residents in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Its "Interfaith Alliance" brings members of the Jewish, Christian, and Muslim communities together to promote inclusiveness, diversity, and tolerance. The 2007 Sanctuary City Resolution aims to support all foreign born residents. The city of Chelsea

1748-595: The snuff factory in East Saugus was the nation's largest producer of that product. From 1859 to 1905, Saugus was home to the Franklin Park harness racing track. also known as the Old Saugus Race Track or Saugus Race Course. It closed in 1905 after local citizens complained about the questionable patrons that the racetrack attracted. In 1911 the racetrack became an airfield. In 1912,

1824-791: The 1950s because of the construction of the elevated Northeast Expressway built to connect the North Shore suburbs to Boston, via the Mystic River Bridge (later renamed for Boston Mayor Maurice J. Tobin ). In 1973, the Second Great Chelsea Fire burned 18 city blocks , leaving nearly a fifth of the city in ashes. Both fires originated in Chelsea's "rag shop district," cluttered streets filled with junk shops hawking scraps, metal, and combustible items. Wood-frame buildings and three- to six-family houses were built tightly together, and quickly caught fire. By 1990, Chelsea had collapsed economically and socially. Crime

1900-606: The 1960s. The Saugus American Little League team represented New England in the 2003 Little League World Series . The team finished the tournament in 4th place. Its come-from-behind victory over Richmond, Texas in the tournament's quarterfinals was nominated for the Best Game ESPY Award . According to the United States Census Bureau , the town has a total area of 11.8 square miles (30.6 km ), of which 10.8 square miles (28.0 km )

1976-484: The 1990s and 2000s, the town's Capital Improvement Plan, designed by Edward J. Collins, Jr. , resulted in the construction of the new public safety building, senior center, library and public works facility. The Saugus Town Hall and the Stackpole Field clubhouse were renovated. In 2001, Town Manager Steven Angelo was able to secure federal funds to dredge the Saugus River , a project that had lingered since

2052-577: The 2011–2015 Community Survey, there are a total of 12,940 households in Chelsea, 27.9% of which are owner-occupied and 72.1% of which are renter-occupied. Although Chelsea has been known as the "City of Renters", there has been a push for home ownership. This has been pushed in particular by the Chelsea Restoration Corporation, which offers educational housing workshops and works in partnership with other state, municipal, and private partners to "rehabilitate properties and increase

2128-470: The Box District neighborhood, the path connects Downtown Chelsea and Eastern Avenue stations. Chelsea Public Schools has four elementary schools, three middle schools, and one high school, Chelsea High School . The Chelsea school system has historically been towards the bottom of the state's test score rankings. It has a high turnover among students. A high percentage of students move in or out over

2204-480: The Chelsea City Council, City Manager Ambrosino and several others. This effort ranges from supporting small business owners to re-designing the streetscape. The goals of this project were to "Enhance how public space is used and accessed downtown, support existing businesses and encourage new growth, beautify the area and create a consistent, vibrant look, improve overall safety for all users, establish

2280-846: The Chemical Institute at the University of Zurich , in Switzerland . In 1949 he moved to Israel. Until 1950, he served in the scientific division of the Israeli Army as a second lieutenant . From 1950 to 1951, he worked at the Hadassah Hospital in Jerusalem . Between 1951 and 1956, Feingold was a student of biochemistry in Jerusalem . In 1956 he was awarded a Ph.D. from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem . Following receipt of his PhD he returned to

2356-463: The Cliftondale post office remains in Saugus. The first town hall was built in 1837. It was built with $ 2,000 of the United States revenue surplus distributed by President Andrew Jackson . It is currently an American Legion hall. In 1875, the town built its second and current town hall on Central Street. The construction of the town hall put Saugus in a $ 50,000 debt. For this and other reasons,

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2432-411: The United States after 1890. By 1910 the number of Jews had grown to 11,225, nearly one third of the entire population of the city. In the 1930s there were about 20,000 Jewish residents in Chelsea out of a total population of almost 46,000. Given the area of the city, Chelsea may well have had the most Jewish residents per square mile of any city outside of New York City . On April 12, 1908, nearly half

2508-415: The United States and served as a research assistant at the University of California from 1956 to 1960. In 1960 he moved to the University of Pittsburgh as an assistant professor in the department of biology. In 1966 he was appointed professor of microbiology at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine . He also served as an invited professor in Switzerland , Brazil , and Argentina , as well as at

2584-986: The Waterfront Tunnel, along with the SL1 and SL2 routes, to Silver Line Way , continuing with the SL1 through the Ted Williams Tunnel . The new route diverges to meet the Blue Line at Airport Station , and follows the Coughlin Bypass Road (a half-mile commercial-use-only road which opened in 2012) to the Chelsea Street Bridge . The Silver Line stops at the four stations in Chelsea: Eastern Avenue, Box District, Downtown Chelsea, and Mystic Mall. A new $ 20 million Chelsea commuter rail station and "transit hub"

2660-526: The age of 18 living with them, 36.9% were married couples living together, 20.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36% were non-families. Of all households 28.8% were made up of individuals, and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.87 and the average family size was 3.5. The population has 27.3% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 34.6% from 25 to 44, 16.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

2736-739: The age of 18 living with them, 53.0% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.8% were non-families. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.09. In the town, the population was spread out, with 4.5% under the age of 5, 5.2% from 5 to 9, 5.7% from 10 to 14, 5.9% from 15 to 19, 5.6% from 20 to 24, 5.6% from 25 to 29, 5.5% from 30 to 34, 6.4% from 35 to 39, 7.3% from 40 to 44, 8.1% from 45 to 49, 8.4% from 50 to 54, 7.5% from 55 to 59, 6.9% from 60 to 64, 4.9% from 65 to 69, 3.8% from 70 to 74, 3.6% from 75 to 79, 2.9% from 80 to 84, and 2.3% who were 85 years of age or older. The median age

2812-653: The announcement with MassDevelopment President and CEO Lauren Liss, New Bedford Mayor Jon Mitchell, and members of the New Bedford legislative delegation at the WHALE Co-Creative Center in New Bedford. "Our administration is pleased to further expand this program, which represents an innovative, block-by-block approach to revitalizing local economies." said Governor Charlie Baker . Chelsea has programs such as "Re-Imagining Broadway" and "Chelsea Centro". The project includes design and parking studies of

2888-603: The area around Saugus for thousands of years before the arrival of European settlers in the 1620s. At the time of European arrival, the Naumkeag , also known as Pawtucket, under the leadership of Montowampate were based near present-day Saugus and controlled land extending from what is now Boston to the Merrimack River. English settlers took the name Sagus or Saugus from the Pawtucket word for "outlet", and used

2964-500: The banks of Boston Harbor. It became home to the Chelsea Naval Hospital designed by Alexander Parris in 1836. According to local historical records, Nathan Morse, the first Jewish resident of Chelsea, arrived in 1864, and by 1890 there were only 82 Jews living in the city. However, Chelsea was a major destination for the "great wave" of Russian and Eastern European immigrants, especially Russian Jews , who came to

3040-569: The chief administrative manager and chief fiscal officer of Saugus, Massachusetts. He or she is appointed by the Board of Selectmen. The Board of Selectmen consists of five at-large members. The Board serves as the chief policy makers of the Town. Selectmen are ineligible to hold any other town office. The School Committee consists of five at-large members. School Committee members are ineligible to hold any other town office. Saugus representative town meeting consists of 50 members; five for each of

3116-640: The city was 47.8% White , 8.5% Black or African American , 3.1% Asian , 1.1% Native American , 0.09% Pacific Islander , 33.6% from other races , and 5.9% were multiracial . In addition, 62.1% of residents identified as Hispanic or Latino (of any race), which includes 18.2% Salvadoran , 12.7% Puerto Rican , 8.4% Honduran , 7.3% Guatemalan , 2.8% Mexican , 2.2% Dominican , 0.5% Cuban , 0.5% Costa Rican , 0.4% Nicaraguan , 0.4% Panamanian , 1.4% other Central American countries, 2.5% other South American countries, 5.3% other Hispanic/Latino. There were 11,888 households, out of which 36.4% had children under

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3192-423: The city was destroyed in the first of two great fires . The fire left 18,000 people, 56 percent of the population, homeless. Many of the city's residents were taken in by those whose homes had survived the fire; others sought refuge in nearby Revere . It would take the city about two and a half years to rebuild and five years to surpass the extent of 1908's infrastructure. The city was also laid out differently after

3268-418: The city. The population density was 16,036.8 inhabitants per square mile (6,191.8/km ), placing it among the highest in population density among U.S. cities. Due to many residents not wanting to be counted, it was estimated in 2023 that the actual population of Chelsea is probably 50,000 or more. There were 12,337 housing units at an average density of 5,639.9 per square mile (2,177.6/km ). The racial makeup of

3344-635: The corridor from Chelsea Square through Bellingham Square to Fay Square. There are other similar projects like "Commonwealth Places", a collaborative initiative from MassDevelopment and the civic crowdfunding platform Patronicity, and "The Chelsea Business Foundation" are in progress and scheduled for spring/summer 2020. As summarized by the "State of the City" report, Chelsea's Capital Improvement Plan will invest in "park development, building improvements, water and sewer upgrades, and neighborhood street/sidewalks improvements. Other specific investments in new graffiti removal and snow removal equipment will enhance

3420-580: The course of the year, and the dropout rate is high. In 1988, the school board delegated its authority for control of the school district to Boston University . In June 2008, a partnership with BU ended, and the schools returned to full local control. Chelsea has no private schools remaining with St. Rose closing in June 2020. In addition, there are two public charter schools , the Excel Academy and Phoenix Charter Academy. Bunker Hill Community College and

3496-469: The east side of Chelsea, adjacent to Mill Creek. This sloped and hilly landscape helps to divide the city into discernible neighborhoods, each with its own character, thereby giving the city a manageable sense of scale and orientation. There are several distinct neighborhoods in Chelsea: As of the 2010 United States Census , there were 35,177 people, 11,888 households, and 7,614 families residing in

3572-481: The fire, with wider streets and more access for emergency vehicles. By 1919, Chelsea's population had reached 52,662, with foreign-born residents comprising 46 percent of the population. Fully transitioned from a suburb to an industrial city, the waterfront flourished, with shipbuilding, lumberyards, metalworks and paint companies lining Marginal Street. Between 1940 and 1980, the population declined by 38 percent. Chelsea lost more population than other urban areas after

3648-592: The first time since the Great Depression, a Massachusetts city surrendered home rule and allowed a state-appointed receiver to control all aspects of city government. Governor William Weld named James Carlin as the first receiver followed by Lewis "Harry" Spence. City Hall was eviscerated, the police and fire departments reorganized, management of the public schools given to Boston University , and indictments handed down. Mayor John "Butchie" Brennan and two former mayors were found guilty of federal crimes. By

3724-533: The most technologically advanced in the world. The Iron Works produced over one ton of iron a day but was not financially successful. It closed around 1670. In September 1687, Major Samuel Appleton was said to have given a speech from a rocky cliff near the Iron Works denouncing the tyranny of Colonial Governor Sir Edmund Andros . The place where he is said to have delivered the speech became known as Appleton's Pulpit . Nearly 100 men from Saugus fought in

3800-571: The neighborhood of East Saugus sought to be set off from Saugus and annexed to the city of Lynn. East Saugus was unable to get a bill in both houses of the state legislature, and the issue was dropped after the town appropriated $ 5,000 for the laying of water pipes through East Saugus. Passenger trains ran through Saugus from 1853 to 1958 on the Saugus Branch Railroad . There were three Saugus Branch stations in Saugus (Saugus Center, Cliftondale, and Pleasant Hills) and two just outside

3876-764: The next day. After a highly publicized investigation and trial, John C. Best was found guilty of murder. He was executed on September 9, 1902. In 1934, Breakheart Hill Forest, a private hunting retreat located in North Saugus, was purchased by the Metropolitan District Commission for use as a state park. Shortly after purchasing Breakheart, the MDC turned the land over to the Civilian Conservation Corps , which built roads and trails, planted trees, and restored two dams on

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3952-596: The parish church. At the time of its incorporation, Saugus' population was 784. Its main industry was agriculture. During the Industrial Revolution , many new industries moved to Saugus. Shoes and woolen goods were made in Saugus Center, and tobacco was manufactured in Cliftondale and East Saugus. Saugus' first post office was established in 1832 in East Saugus. In 1858 two more were established—one in Saugus Center and one in Cliftondale. Now only

4028-808: The property was purchased by the General Aviation Corporation who named it Atwood Park in honor of their most famous pilot, Harry Atwood . The airfield saw the first airmail delivery in New England on May 30, 1912. Pioneer aviators Ruth Bancroft Law and Lincoln J. Beachey flew at Saugus. The airport closed in the 1920s. On October 8, 1900, George E. Bailey was murdered at Breakheart Hill Farm in Saugus. His legs and torso would be found nine days later in Floating Bridge Pond in Lynn. His head and arms were found there

4104-441: The property. In 1936, Breakheart Reservation was opened to the public. Following a June 2, 1947, referendum, the town adopted a Plan E form of government. Saugus became the first town in Massachusetts to accept this form of government. On February 16, 1948, James Shurtleff was unanimously chosen by the Board of Selectmen to become the first Town Manager of Saugus . In 1948, archaeologist Roland W. Robbins began excavating

4180-724: The quality of life for residents." The expenditures for Fiscal Year 2018 and Fiscal Year 2018–2022 can be found to the right. Total expenditures are divided between utility enhancement, equipment acquisition, parks and open space, public buildings and facilities, public safety, and surface enhancement. For Fiscal Year 2018, almost 64% of the budget will be dedicated to surface enhancements, which includes citywide sidewalks, marginal street pre-engineering, Shurtleff Street roadway and sidewalks, casino mitigation/transportation, citywide traffic calming, Congress Avenue road and sidewalks, Downtown Broadway engineering and construction, and Highland Street Greenway Phase II. Housing Composition: According to

4256-473: The quality of services provided to residents and businesses, while establishing financial policies that have significantly improved the city's financial condition. Located on a small peninsula in Boston Harbor covering 2.21 square miles (6 km ), Chelsea is the smallest city by area in Massachusetts. Chelsea is bordered on three sides by water. The Mystic River borders Chelsea to the southwest,

4332-666: The site of the Saugus Iron Works, which had become hidden by underbrush since its closure. Based on the archeological evidence gathered by Robbins as well as historical documents and conjecture, the First Iron Works Association, with funding from the American Iron and Steel Institute , reconstructed the Saugus Iron Works. The Saugus Iron Works was opened on September 18, 1954, and operated as a private museum from 1954 until April 5, 1968, when it

4408-673: The southern end of Essex County (though it is not the southernmost town in the county; Nahant extends just south of the town). The town is also bordered by Lynnfield to the north, Lynn to the east, Revere (in Suffolk County ) to the south, and Melrose and Wakefield (both in Middlesex County ) to the west. The town also shares a common point with the city of Malden , where it also meets Melrose and Revere. Saugus lies 8 miles (13 km) southwest of Salem , 9 miles (14 km) northeast of Boston , 24 miles (39 km) southwest of Cape Ann and 20 miles (32 km) south of

4484-761: The southern end of town. Route 107 passes through the town as the Salem Turnpike through the Rumney Marsh, crossing the Saugus River into Lynn over the Fox Hill Bridge. The Newburyport/Rockport Line of the MBTA Commuter Rail passes through the southeastern corner of Saugus but does not have a station in Saugus. The town is served by several MBTA bus routes. The nearest airport is Boston's Logan International Airport . As of

4560-404: The stock of affordable housing." Over half (55.4%) of the housing units in Chelsea use utility gas, 29.8% use electricity, 12.7% use fuel oil, kerosene, etc. and smaller portion (2.1%) of housing units use bottled, tank, or LP gas, as well as other fuel or no fuel at all. With these statistics in mind, Chelsea has started several initiatives towards renewable energy and sustainability. One includes

4636-448: The summer of 1995, when the state returned City Hall to the people of Chelsea, a new government had been born, brought to life by a panel of citizens charged with drafting a new city charter . The new charter eliminated the position of mayor, converting management of the city from a mayor to a council–manager government system, where a city manager is selected by City Council members. As such, municipal government focused on improving

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4712-438: The term to refer to the Saugus River and the region that includes the present day cities and towns of Swampscott , Nahant , Lynn , Lynnfield , Reading , North Reading and Wakefield ) which were later renamed Lin or Lynn in 1637, after King's Lynn in Norfolk , England. In 1646, the Saugus Iron Works , then called Hammersmith, began operations. It was the first integrated iron works in North America as well as one of

4788-400: The top and holding a shield in her right hand, which serves as an allegorical representation of the United States. The monument was erected in the rotary at Saugus Center in 1875. Following the Civil War, the Cliftondale section of Saugus became a major producer of tobacco, as many of the southern tobacco plantations had been destroyed. Waitt & Bond became a major producer of cigars and

4864-416: The town's borders in Lynn (East Saugus) and Revere (Franklin Park). During the American Civil War , 155 Saugonians enlisted in the Union Army , and eight others enlisted in the Union Navy . Saugus native Gustavus Fox served as the United States Assistant Secretary of the Navy during the war. The USS  Saugus , a Union Navy monitor named after the town, was launched in December 1863. Following

4940-477: The town's ten precincts. The annual town meeting is held on the first Monday in May. At the first town meeting after each election of town meeting members, a moderator of all town meetings shall be elected by the body. The moderator must be a town meeting member. It is served by the Saugus Public Schools , which operates Saugus Middle-High School . Saugus Community Television or SCTV is a Public-access television station that provides local television programing to

5016-403: The traffic on Route 1 and Main Street. In the 1950s, new businesses started relocating to Route 1. Today, the businesses along Route 1 generate millions of dollars for Saugus. The Lynn territory was shortened beginning in 1814 with the incorporation of Lynnfield . On February 17, 1815, present-day Saugus was officially incorporated as a town. The first town meeting was held on March 13, 1815, in

5092-420: The war, Henry E. Hone donated a large granite monument to the town of Saugus. The monument, which was designed by Melzar Hunt Mosman and cost $ 10,000 to build, contains the names of all of the men from Saugus who served during the Civil War on bronze tablets. Above the tablets are two bronze statues, one of a soldier and one of a sailor. It is topped by a granite statue of a woman wearing a helmet with an eagle on

5168-410: Was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.7 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 30,161, and the median income for a family was $ 32,130. Males had a median income of $ 27,280, versus $ 26,010 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 14,628. About 20.6% of families and 23.3% of the population were below

5244-419: Was 43.9 years. The median income for a household in the town was $ 85,301, and the median income for a family was $ 95,782. Males had a median income of $ 53,219 versus $ 42,783 for females. The per capita income for the town was $ 25,524. About 3.1% of families and 4.2% of the population were below the poverty line , including 4.5% of those under age 18 and 7.2% of those age 65 or over. Since 1947 Saugus has had

5320-558: Was annexed by Saugus . On March 19, 1846, North Chelsea, which consists of present-day Revere and Winthrop , was established as a separate town. Reincorporated as a city in 1857, Chelsea developed as an industrial center and by mid-century had become a powerhouse in wooden sailing ship construction. As the century wore on, steam power began to overtake the age of the sail and industry in the town began to shift toward manufacturing. Factories making rubber and elastic goods, boots and shoes , stoves , and adhesives began to appear along

5396-420: Was built. About four miles of this road were built in Saugus. At first, the turnpike was considered a mistake, as it was built over hills and swamps and grass soon grew over the roadbed. From 1840 to 1846, the tolls were discontinued and it became a public highway. The invention of the automobile resulted in an increase in traffic on the Turnpike. In 1933 the road was widened and an overpass was added to separate

5472-638: Was constructed at the Mystic Mall terminus of the new Silver Line route, so that trains no longer block Sixth Street. The new Silver Line and commuter rail stations are fully handicapped accessible. Additionally, a multi-use 0.75-mile (1.21 km) shared path 0.75-mile (1.21 km) linear park runs parallel to the Silver Line bus rapid transit busway utilizing the Boston & Albany Railroad's Grand Junction Branch right-of-way. Located within

5548-530: Was first called Winnisimmet , possibly meaning "swamp hill", by the Naumkeag tribe , which had lived there for thousands of years. Samuel Maverick became the first European to settle permanently in Winnisimmet in 1624. His palisaded trading post is considered the first permanent settlement by Boston Harbor . In 1635, Maverick sold all of Winnisimmet, except for his house and farm, to Richard Bellingham . The community remained part of Boston until it

5624-402: Was rampant, even among the police and local government officials. The population drain made way for more immigrants, but depleted the city's tax base. The cost of running the city and maintaining its infrastructure did not decrease correspondingly so, in 1991, the city suffered fiscal collapse. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts enacted special legislation to place Chelsea into receivership . For

5700-591: Was renamed the Saugus Iron Works National Historic Site and became part of the National Park Service system. Saugus is home to the oldest barber shop in the United States. The 112-year-old George's Barber Shop is located in the Cliftondale section of Saugus. In the 1970s, the town, led by Town Manager Francis Moorehouse , attempted to transform the area around Route 107 by having an oil refinery and

5776-645: Was set off and incorporated in 1739, when it was named after Chelsea , a neighborhood in London, England . In 1775, the Battle of Chelsea Creek was fought in the area, the second battle of the Revolution . During the battle, American forces made one of their first captures of a British ship. Part of George Washington 's army was stationed in Chelsea during the Siege of Boston . On February 22, 1841, part of Chelsea

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