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60-614: The Triumph is a Nigerian English-language newspaper, published by the Triumph Publishing Company Limited and based in Kano , Kano State . It presently publishes a weekly edition with arrangements to return to publishing the daily, weekend and Sunday editions as well as the publishing of its sister vernacular newspapers of Albishir and Alfijir . The Triumph newspaper was established in June 1980. The company

120-590: A defensive wall with the construction of the foundation laid by Sarki Gijimasu (r. 1095–1134), the third king of the Kingdom of Kano in the Kano Chronicle . In the mid 14th century during the reign of Zamnagawa, the wall was completed before it was further expanded during the 16th century. According to historians, the then General-Governor of the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria , Fredrick Lugard , wrote in

180-716: A 1903 report about the Kano Walls that he had "never seen anything like it in Africa" after capturing the ancient city of Kano along with British forces. Many old royal residences have also survived to this day, mainly within the old city and its surroundings. Such private houses include the Gidan Chiroma , Filin Chiranchi , and others. Larger palaces, include the Gidan Rumfa , Gidan Makama , and winter retreat for

240-453: A knife. He then came to the town of Daura (located in modern-day Katsina State ), where he entered a house and asked an old woman for water. She informed him that a serpent named Sarki ( sarki is the Hausa word for king ) guarded the well and that the people were only allowed to draw water once a week. Bayajidda set out for the well and killed the serpent with the sword and beheaded it with

300-498: A population of 30,000 with commerce and manufacturing abundant. He mentioned "its huge market was a labyrinth of narrow alleys with everything sold from vegetables to slaves". He also called Kano the greatest emporium of central Africa and estimated the percentage of slaves in Kano to be at least 50%, most of whom lived in slave villages. This was one of the last major slave societies, with high percentages of enslaved population long after

360-701: A railway line reached Kano. Kano is a major centre for the production and export of agricultural products like hides , skins , peanuts , and cotton . The city maintains its economy and business even in the 21st century, with it producing the richest man in Africa— Aliko Dangote —whose great-grandfather Alhassan Dantata was the richest West African in the mid 20th century. Over the years, inconsistent government policies and sporadic electricity supply hampered manufacturing and industry, so that Kano's economy relies primarily on trade, retail and services. There are plans to establish an information technology park in

420-475: A sharia police station, an Islamic centre, and a council secretariat. 280 federal soldiers were deployed around the city. In January 2012, a series of bomb attacks killed up to 162 people. Four police stations, the State Security Service headquarters, passport offices and immigration centres were attacked. Jihadist insurgents Boko Haram claimed responsibility. After the bombings, Kano

480-477: A total of twelve "innovations" to Rumfa. According to the Kano Chronicle, the thirty-seventh Sarkin Kano ( King of Kano ) was Mohammed Sharef (1703–1731). His successor, Kumbari dan Sharefa (1731–1743), engaged in major battles with Sokoto as a longterm rivalry. At the beginning of the 19th century, Fulani Islamic leader Usman dan Fodio led a jihad affecting much of central Sudan which demolished

540-550: A virgin," but had to undergo rituals to do so.) Bagwariya had a son fathered by Bayajidda and she named him Karap da Gari , or Karbagari which means "he snatched the town" in Hausa . This worried Daurama, and when she had a son of her own (also fathered by Bayajidda), she named him Bawo which means "give it back". Throughout his life, Bayajidda is said to have fathered three children with three different women. Bawo fathered six of his own sons, whose names were Daura, Gobir, Kano, Katsina, Rano, and Zazzau . Together with Biram,

600-635: Is a historical person, the founder of the Seven Hausa states, and contemporary Hausa royals - especially those in Daura and Zaria (Zazzau) - trace their lineage to and draw their authority from him (see Kano Chronicle ). By contrast, others claim that Bayajidda never existed. W. K. R. Hallam argues that Bayajidda represents a " folk personification " of the supporters of Abu Yazid (a tenth-century Kharijite Berber rebel), whose followers fled southwards from North Africa after Yazid's defeat by and death at

660-490: Is one of the seven medieval Hausa kingdoms . The principal inhabitants of the city are the Hausa and Fulani people. Centuries before British colonization, Kano was strongly cosmopolitan with settled populations of Arab , Tuareg , Kanuri and remains so with the Hausa language spoken as a lingua-franca by over 70 million speakers in the region. Islam arrived in the city in the 11th century or earlier primarily through

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720-583: Is said to have succeeded his father and had six sons who became the rulers of Daura , Katsina , Zazzau , Gobir , Kano and Rano . These, together with Biram , which was ruled by the son of Bayajidda and of the Borno Princess, formed the " Hausa Bakwai " or the "Hausa 7". However, Karbagari the son of the Gwari mistress had seven sons too who ruled Kebbi , Zamfara , Gwari , Jukun, Ilorin , Nupe and Yauri which are referred to in this tradition as

780-670: Is solely owned by the Ministry of Information, Youths and Culture of the Kano State government. In February 2000, the Jigawa State Governor, Alhaji Ibrahim Saminu Turaki threatened to blacklist the Triumph Publishing Company because he alleged that it had published negative reports about Jigawa State, which had once been part of Kano State. In January 2009, Kano State allocated N8.9 million for

840-527: Is that the story of the marriage of Bayajidda and Daurama symbolizes the merger of Arab and Berber tribes in North and West Africa. Biblical Anthropologist, Alice C. Linsley, maintains that Bayajidda's closest biblical counterpart is Cain [1] . Cain is said to have fled from his father, married a princess whom he met at a well, and was involved with metalworkers. Most of the heroes of Genesis met their wives at sacred wells or springs. Abraham married Keturah at

900-511: Is under construction from Lagos. In 2017, a 74-km, four-line light rail network was announced by the Kano State Ministry of Works, Housing & Transport; with a US$ 1.8 billion contract signed with China Railway Construction Corporation . Two trans-African automobile routes pass through Kano: From 2006 to 2015, backed by high oil prices, major highways, overhead bridges and other transportation infrastructure were built by

960-705: The Atlantic slave trade had been cut off. From 1893 until 1895, two rival claimants for the throne fought a civil war, or Basasa . With the help of royal slaves, Yusufu was victorious over his brother Tukur and claimed the title of emir. In March 1903, the city-state was absorbed into the British Empire after the Battle of Kano , the Fort of Kano was captured by the British, It quickly replaced Lokoja as

1020-488: The Chiroman Kano (Crown Prince) and son of the late Emir Ado Bayero, with allegations that Governor Rabiu Kwankwaso interfered with the king-making process. In 2019, Governor Abdullahi Umar Ganduje balkanized the traditional Kano Emirate into four new emirates; Bichi , Rano , Gaya and Karaye . This unprecedented move was criticized by elders. According to the law, out of the 44 local government areas in

1080-707: The Sahara Desert in the Sudanian Savanna region that stretches across the south of the Sahel . The city lies near where the Kano and Challawa rivers flowing from the southwest converge to form the Hadejia River , which eventually flows into Lake Chad to the east. Kano is 481 metres (1,578 feet ) above sea level . Kano has a tropical savanna climate ( Köppen Aw ). The city has on average about 980 mm (38.6 in) of precipitation per year,

1140-543: The savanna , south of the Sahel , Kano is a major route of the trans-Saharan trade , having been a trade and human settlement for millennia. It is the traditional state of the Dabo dynasty who have ruled as emirs over the city-state since the 19th century. Kano Emirate Council is the current traditional institution inside the city boundaries of Kano, and under the authority of the Government of Kano State . The city

1200-504: The suzerainty of the Sokoto Caliphate, Kano prospered as the center of commercial activity. Weaving, dyeing and leatherwork were traded as far north as Morocco and thereafter to Europe. Its cotton cloth traded as far as Tripoli , Lake Chad , and Timbuktu . In 1851, Heinrich Barth (a German scholar who spent several years in northern Nigeria in the 1850s) mentioned that Kano had a 10-mile long 30 ft high clay walls with

1260-416: The trans-Saharan trade . As a result, Kano became wealthy and the commercial nerve centre of the region and Northern Nigeria , and is still associated as the " centre of commerce ". Kano was originally known as Dala, after the hill , and was referred to as such until the end of the 15th century and the beginning of the 16th by Bornoan sources. In the 7th century, Dala Hill , a residual hill in Kano,

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1320-533: The " Hausa Banza " or "Hausa Bastards" According to the legend, Bayajidda was a prince from Baghdad (the capital of modern-day Iraq ) and son of King Abdullahi, but he was exiled from his home town after Queen Zidam, also known as Zigawa, had conquered the city. Once he left Baghdad, he traveled across Africa with numerous warriors and arrived in Borno . Once in Borno, tales differ as to what caused tension with

1380-532: The Bayajidda legend and the six sons of Bawo and himself, in addition to the hero's son Ibrahim of an earlier marriage. The different figures of the Bayajidda narrative were embodied by precise officials of the former Daura kingdom: the king represented Bayajidda, the official queen mother Magajiya Daurama and the official royal sister Bagwariya. Formerly the celebrations of the Mawlūd or Gani festival consisted in

1440-715: The Habe kingdom, leading to the emergence of the Sokoto Caliphate . In 1805 the last sultan of Kano was defeated by the Jobe Clan of the Fulani , and Kano became an Emirate of the Caliphate. Kano was already the largest and most prosperous province of the empire. The city suffered famines from 1807 to 1810, in the 1830s, 1847, 1855, 1863, 1873, 1884, and from 1889 until 1890. During the 19th century when Kano came under

1500-561: The Middle Ages when the city served as the southernmost point of the famous trans-Sahara trade routes. Kano was well connected with many cities in North Africa and some cities in southern Europe. By 1851, the city of Kano produced 10 million pairs of sandals and 5 million tanned hides annually for export, with other products including textile materials, leather and grains. Kano was connected with trans-Atlantic trade in 1911 when

1560-631: The Well of Sheba (Beersheva). Issac (Yitzak) found a wife at a well in Aram. Moses encountered his wife at a well sacred to the Midianites and won her hand after he delivered the women and flocks from Egyptian raiders. In his 1989 book An Imperial Twilight , Gawain Bell suggests that the marriage of Bayajidda and Daurama signals a "change from a matriarchal to a patriarchal system." Bayajidda's story inspired

1620-502: The administrative centre of Northern Nigeria . It was replaced as the centre of government by Zungeru and later Kaduna , and only regained administrative significance with the creation of Kano State following Nigerian independence. From 1913 to 1914, as the peanut business was expanding, Kano suffered a major drought , which caused a famine. Other famines during British rule occurred in 1908, 1920, 1927, 1943, 1951, 1956, and 1958. By 1922, groundnut trader Alhassan Dantata had become

1680-527: The capital of a pseudo Habe Empire. In 1463, Muhammad Rumfa (reigned 1463–1499) ascended the throne. During his reign, political pressure from the rising Songhai Empire forced him to take Auwa, the daughter of Askiyah the Great as his wife. She was to later become the first female Madaki of Kano. Rumfa was a rich and flamboyant king. Luxurious clothing and expensive ostrich feather shoes were common among government officials. The kakaki (a kind of trumpet)

1740-605: The cavalry of the Sultan's army. He also noted the abundance of rice, corn, cotton and citrus fruits. Rumfa reformed the city, expanded the Sahelian Gidan Rumfa (Emir's Palace), and played a role in the further Islamization of the city, as he urged prominent residents to convert and invited many prominent scholars to the city. He also built the walls of the city and the Kurmi market. The Kano Chronicle attributes

1800-659: The city. Kano is traditionally an equestrian society and this is manifested during the annual Durbar festival to mark and celebrate the two annual Muslim festivals Eid al-Fitr (to mark the end of the Holy Month of Ramadan ) and Eid al-Adha (to mark the Hajj Holy Pilgrimage). Kano Durbar Festival is the Nigeria's Most Spectacular Horseparade that marks a celebration of northern Nigeria's cultural treasure. The festival begins with skilled horsemen from

1860-408: The city. Kano was also headquarters of Azman Airlines and is the headquarters city of Max Air and various independent travel agencies. After a hiatus of many years, the railway line from Kano to Lagos was rehabilitated by 2013. The train trip to Lagos takes 30 hours and costs the equivalent of US$ 12 , only a quarter of the equivalent bus fare. In 2014, a new double track, standard gauge line

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1920-484: The company's activities. In October 2012, the state government closed down the company for alleged unviability. This Nigerian newspaper-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Kano (city) Kano ( Ajami : كَنُواْ) is a city in northern Nigeria and the capital of Kano State . It is the second largest city in Nigeria after Lagos , with over four million citizens living within 449 km (173 sq mi). Located in

1980-443: The deity Tsumburbura ( Elizabeth Isichei notes that the description of Barbushe is similar to those of Sao people ). While small chiefdoms were previously present in the area, according to the Kano Chronicle, Bagauda son of Bawo and grandson of the mythical hero Bayajidda , became the first king of Kano in 999, reigning until 1063. His grandson Gijimasu (1095–1134), the third king, began building city walls (badala/ganuwa) at

2040-493: The emir, pulling up just feet in front of the seated dignitaries to offer their respect and allegiance. During the festival, the emir makes a beautiful appearance in different colors dressed and adorned with the attire of a king. For the first time in 200 years, the durban horse festival was cancelled in 2012 due to the bad health condition of the Emir of Kano. Some analysts suggested that the cancellation could also be attributed to

2100-442: The emir. Kano houses a railway station with trains to Lagos routed through Kaduna , while Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport lies nearby. The city is supplied with water by the nearby Challawa Gorge Dam , which is being considered as a source of hydro power. Because Kano is north of the rail junction at Kaduna, it has equal access to the seaports at Lagos and Port Harcourt . The airline Kabo Air had its head office in

2160-461: The foot of Dala Hill. His own son, Tsaraki (1136–1194), the fifth king, completed them during his reign. In the 12th century, Ali Yaji from Kudawa lineage as King of Kano renounced his allegiance to the cult of Tsumburbura, converted to Islam and proclaimed the Sultanate that was to last until its fall in the 19th century. The reign of Yaji ensued an era of expansionism that saw Kano becoming

2220-528: The hands of Fatimids . According to this theory, the Hausa states would have been founded by Kharijite refugees in the tenth century CE. Elizabeth Isichei , in her work A History of African Societies to 1870 , suggests that Bayajidda's stay in Borno prior to arriving in Hausaland is "perhaps a folk memory of origins on the Borno borderland, or a reflection of Borno political and cultural dominance." One view

2280-439: The knife the blacksmiths had made for him, after which he drank the water, put the head in a bag, and returned to the old woman's house. (The Kusugu Well where this is said to have happened is nowadays a tourist attraction.) The next day, the people of Daura gathered at the well, wondering who had killed the snake; Magajiya Daurama , the local queen, offered sovereignty over half the town to whoever could prove that he killed

2340-496: The large majority of which falls from June through September. Like the vast majority of Nigeria , Kano is very hot for most of the year, peaking in April. From December through February, the city is less hot, with morning temperatures during the months of December, January and February averaging between 14 and 16 °C (57.2 and 60.8 °F). Metropolitan Kano has eight local governments: The economic history of Kano dates back to

2400-431: The local king. According to one story, Bayajidda realized his forces were stronger than those of the king; because of this, he planned to overthrow him. However, the king heard of the plot and, after consulting with his advisors, gave Bayajidda his daughter, Magaram (also known as Magira), in marriage . Later, when the king attacked and took over several towns, he tricked his new son-in-law into leaving his own men to guard

2460-464: The neighbouring states. The first civilian governor was Abubakar Rimi . In December 1980, radical preacher Mohammed Marwa Maitatsine led a riot . He was killed by security forces, but his followers later started uprisings in other northern cities. After the introduction of sharia law in Kano State in the early 2000s, many Christians left the city. 100 people were killed in riots over

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2520-613: The oldest known history of Hausaland. As already observed by the traveller Heinrich Barth the basic division between the Seven Hausa and the Seven Banza is used among the Songhay to distinguish between the northern hausa and the southern gurma side of the River Niger. There are a variety of views on the Bayajidda story, with differing opinions on the meaning and historicity of the tale. Some scholars suppose that Bayajidda

2580-411: The re-enactements of the major details of the legend: departure from Iraq, slaying of the snake in the well and marriage between the hero and the queen. The royal sword and the knife are still believed to have been those ones used for the slaying of the snake and the cutting of its head. The Bayajidda legend is widely known at the courts of the "Seven Hausa" kings where it is considered to correspond to

2640-567: The richest businessman in the Kano Emirate , surpassing fellow merchants Umaru Sharubutu Koki and Maikano Agogo . In May 1953, an inter-ethnic riot arose due to southern newspapers misreporting on the nature of a disagreement between northern and southern politicians in the House of Representatives . Thousands of Nigerians of southern origin died as a result a politically sparked riot. Ado Bayero became emir of Kano in 1963. Kano state

2700-428: The rising deadly Boko haram attacks in the northern part of Nigeria at that time. Kano's architecture over the years has seen wide variations, especially from the traditional architecture to modern architecture. The city is a leading axis of Sudano-Sahelian architecture , developing the local Tubali style which manifested in mosques, walls, common compounds, and gates. The design exteriorization of building façades

2760-423: The royal court and aristocrats being accompanied by musicians, artillerymen, and traditional circus in a procession of highly rich and colorful style through the city on the way to the emir's palace. Once assembled near the palace, the horsemen separate into their respective groups, each under the banner of district head (hakimai) or a titled nobleman from the emir's court (masarauta), take it in turns to charge toward

2820-400: The serpent. Because it was against the custom of the people of Daura for their queens to marry, Daurama made a compromise with Bayajidda and said she would only have sexual intercourse with him later; because of this, she gave him a concubine named Bagwariya. (According to the oral palace version of the legend, Daurama gave him Bagwariya because she wanted to break her "queenly vow to remain

2880-632: The sharia issue during October 2001. In November 2007, political violence broke out in the city after the People's Democratic Party (PDP) accused the All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP) of rigging the November 17 local government elections. (The ANPP won in 36 of the state's 44 local Government Areas.) Hundreds of youths took to the streets, over 300 of whom were arrested; at least 25 people were killed. Buildings set on fire include

2940-508: The snake. Several men brought snake heads forth, but the heads did not match the body. The old woman, owner of the house Bayajidda was staying in, informed the queen that her guest had slayed it, after which Daurama summoned Bayajidda. Having presented the snake's head, proving to her that he was the one who had slain Sarki, he turned down the offer of half the town, instead requesting her hand in marriage; she married him out of gratitude for slaying

3000-538: The son of Magaram, these seven went on to rule the seven "legitimate" Hausa states , the Hausa Bakwai . (Some versions of the tale leave Bawo and Magaram out entirely, with Biram, Daura, Gobir, Kano, Katsina, Rano, and Zaria being the sons of Bayajidda and Daurama). Karbagari's descendants, meanwhile, founded the seven "illegitimate" states, the Banza Bakwai . The Hausa kingdom began as seven states founded by

3060-719: The state government. The most notable of these are the Silver Jubilee flyover bridge at Kofar Nassarawa , the Kofar Kabuga underpass and various 6-lane highways in the city. In 2020, the Vice president of Nigeria Yemi Osibanjo was in Kano to commission the Alhassan Dantata flyover along Murtala Muhammad Way and Tijjani Hashim underpass way, Kofar Ruwa . Bayajidda Most accounts say that Bayajidda came from Baghdad . Bayajidda came first to Borno where he

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3120-576: The state, Sanusi as Emir of Kano will preside over just 10 local government areas; with the remainder carved up amongst the new emirates. On 9 March 2020, Sanusi was dethroned by Governor Abdullahi Ganduje . The emir was immediately moved to detention under heavy security escort to an apartment in awe, Nasarawa state . It took the intervention of the federal high court in Abuja to order his release from detention in Nasarawa. The city lies south of

3180-490: The story, Bayajidda was welcomed into Borno, married Magaram and became popular among the people. Because of this, the king envied him and plotted against him; upon being informed of this by his wife, he fled Borno with her. Bayajidda left his wife and child in Garun Gabas and continued on to the village of Gaya near Kano - which others believe to be Gaya in modern Niger -, where he had the local blacksmiths make him

3240-495: The towns, thereby decreasing the number of men Bayajidda had at his disposal. Bayajidda realized that he was being tricked when he had only his wife and one slave left; during the night, they fled to Garun Gabas, now situated in the Hadeja region. While there, Magaram gave birth to Bayajidda's first child, Biram, the eponymous ancestor of the petty kingdom of Gabas-ta-Biram ("east of Biram"). However, according to another version of

3300-416: Was also first used during his reign. His wealth is owed to Kano's commercial prosperity during this period. Kano arguably achieved the height of its reputation as an important trading center of the trans-Saharan trade in the Middle Ages during his reign. Leo Africanus 's description of Kano is believed to be that of Rumfas era. He described the locals as "wealthy merchants and skilled craftsmen" and commended

3360-757: Was and is still widely used in Kano architecture, with the city harboring several skilled artisans. Formerly walled , most of the gates to the Old City survive. The Old City houses the vast Kurmi Market , known for its crafts , while old dye pits—still in use—lie nearby. In the Old City are the Emir's Palace, the Great Mosque , and the Gidan Makama Museum. Among the places of worship , they are predominantly Muslims mosques. There are also Christian churches for several denominations including : The Ancient Kano City Walls were built as

3420-537: Was created in 1967 from the then Northern Nigeria by the Federal military government. The first military police commissioner, Audu Bako , is credited with building a solid foundation for the progress of a modern society. He started a lot of development projects—network of roads, a reliable urban water supply. He was a keen farmer himself and funded construction of number of dams to provide irrigation. Thanks to his policies, Kano produced all types of produce and export it to

3480-534: Was given one of the Mai's daughters as a wife, and then later lived for a while in Hausa land where he married the Queen of Daura, who also gave him a Gwari mistress as a reward for slaying " Sarki ", said to be a great snake which deprived her people of access to water. By the Queen of Daura, Bayajidda had a son called Bawo, another called Biram by the Borno princess, and yet another son, Karbagari, by his Gwari paramour. Bawo

3540-535: Was placed under curfew. The Boko Haram insurgency continued with mass murders in March 2013 , November 2014 and February 2015 . On 6 June 2014, Emir Ado Bayero who reigned as Emir of Kano for over five decades died, and a succession crisis loomed amongst the royal family. On 8 June 2014, Sanusi Lamido Sanusi a grandson of former Emir Muhammadu Sanusi I emerged as the new Emir of Kano. His accession led to widespread protests from supporters of Sanusi Ado Bayero

3600-483: Was the site of a hunting and gathering community that engaged in iron work ( Nok culture ); it is unknown whether these were Hausa people or speakers of Niger–Congo languages . The Kano Chronicle identifies Barbushe , a warrior priest of Dala Hill and a female spirit deity known as Tsumburbura, Barbushe is from the lineage of the hunter family ( maparauta ) who were the Maguzawa and city's first settlers they worship

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