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25-493: (Redirected from Dainichi Maru ) SS Dainichi Maru (大日丸) was the name of a number of ships. SS  Dainichi Maru  (1893) , a Japanese cargo ship in service 1911–31 SS  Dainichi Maru  (Mitsui Bussan, 1922) a Japanese hell ship in the Second World War. SS  Dainichi Maru  (Stabilimento Tecnico, 1922) , a refrigerated cargo ship used as

50-491: A beam of 15.5 metres (50 ft 10 in) and a depth of 11 metres (36 ft 1 in). The ship was assessed at 5,813  GRT . She had a single triple expansion steam engine rated at 488 nominal horsepower and driving one screw. She had one funnel and two masts. On 15 September 1941, the Imperial Japanese Army charted Dainichi Maru for use as a troopship . Dainichi Maru participated as

75-505: A life expectancy of 25 to 30 years before being scrapped. The words cargo and freight have become interchangeable in casual usage. Technically, "cargo" refers to the goods carried aboard the ship for hire, while "freight" refers to the act of carrying of such cargo, but the terms have been used interchangeably for centuries. Generally, the modern ocean shipping business is divided into two classes: Larger cargo ships are generally operated by shipping lines : companies that specialize in

100-625: A merchant ship's prefix, denotes that it is a T urbine S teamer. Famous cargo ships include the 2,710 Liberty ships of World War II , partly based on a British design . Liberty ship sections were prefabricated in locations across the United States and then assembled by shipbuilders in an average of six weeks, with the record being just over four days. These ships allowed the Allies in World War II to replace sunken cargo vessels at

125-541: A narrow channel between Indonesia and Singapore / Malaysia , and cargo ships are still commonly targeted. In 2004, the governments of those three nations agreed to provide better protection for the ships passing through the Straits. The waters off Somalia and Nigeria are also prone to piracy, while smaller vessels are also in danger along parts of the South American coasts, Southeast Asian coasts, and near

150-571: A rate greater than the Kriegsmarine 's U-boats could sink them, and contributed significantly to the war effort, the delivery of supplies, and eventual victory over the Axis powers. Liberty ships were followed by the faster Victory ships . Canada built Park ships and Fort ships to meet the demand for the Allies shipping. The United Kingdom built Empire ships and used US Ocean ships . After

175-431: A separate category). Cargo ships fall into two further categories that reflect the services they offer to industry: liner and tramp services. Those on a fixed published schedule and fixed tariff rates are cargo liners. Tramp ships do not have fixed schedules. Users charter them to haul loads. Generally, the smaller shipping companies and private individuals operate tramp ships. Cargo liners run on fixed schedules published by

200-422: A shellfish cannery from 1962–68. References [ edit ] ^ "大日丸 Dainichi Maru – Memorial Cargo Ship" . Retrieved 2012-01-30 . [REDACTED] [REDACTED] List of ships with the same or similar names This article includes a list of ships with the same or similar names. If an internal link for a specific ship led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to

225-622: A troopship in Operation "M", the Japanese invasion of Lamon Bay , Philippines beginning on 17 December 1941 as the convoy departed Setouchi , Japan. The invasion force arrived at their destination on 24 December 1941 at 2 am, with the invasion proceeding without strong opposition. During the early stages of the war, Dainichi Maru would go on to complete several voyages as a hell ship across southeast Asia , carrying many Allied prisoners of war (POWs). On 8 October 1943, Dainichi Maru

250-433: Is increasing: with bunker fuel consumption at 278 million tonnes per year in 2001, it is projected to be at 500 million tonnes per year in 2020. International standards to dramatically reduce sulphur content in marine fuels and nitrogen oxide emissions have been put in place. Among some of the solutions offered is changing over the fuel intake to clean diesel or marine gas oil, while in restricted waters and cold ironing

275-724: The Caribbean Sea . A category designation appears before the vessel's name. A few examples of prefixes for naval ships are "USS" ( United States Ship ), "HMS" ( Her/His Majesty’s Ship ), "HMCS" ( Her/His Majesty's Canadian Ship ) and "HTMS" (His Thai Majesty's Ship), while a few examples for prefixes for merchant ships are "RMS" ( Royal Mail Ship , usually a passenger liner), "MV" ( Motor Vessel , powered by diesel ), "MT" (Motor Tanker, powered vessel carrying liquids only) "FV" Fishing Vessel and "SS" ( Screw Steamer , driven by propellers or screws, often understood to stand for Steamship ). "TS", sometimes found in first position before

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300-510: The European Union is planning stricter controls on emissions. Cargo ships have been reported to have a possible negative impact on the population of whale sharks. Smithsonian Magazine reported in 2022 that whale sharks , the largest species of fish, have been disappearing mysteriously over the past 75 years, with research pointing to cargo ships and large vessels as the likely culprits. A study involving over 75 researchers highlighted

325-408: The canal locks a ship can fit in, water depth ( draft ) is a limitation for canals, shallow straits or harbors and height is a limitation in order to pass under bridges. Common categories include: [REDACTED] The TI-class supertanker is an Ultra Large Crude Carrier, with a draft that is deeper than Suezmax, Malaccamax and Neopanamax. This causes Atlantic/Pacific routes to be very long, such as

350-405: The handling of cargo in general. Smaller vessels, such as coasters , are often owned by their operators. Cargo ships/freighters can be divided into eight groups, according to the type of cargo they carry. These groups are: Specialized types of cargo vessels include container ships and bulk carriers (technically tankers of all sizes are cargo ships, although they are routinely thought of as

375-422: The intended ship article, if one exists. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SS_Dainichi_Maru&oldid=1219714452 " Categories : Set index articles on ships Ship names Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata All set index articles SS Dainichi Maru (Mitsui Bussan, 1922) Dainichi Maru

400-706: The locks on the Saint Lawrence Seaway . The earliest records of waterborne activity mention the carriage of items for trade; the evidence of history and archaeology shows the practice to be widespread by the beginning of the 1st millennium BC, and as early as the 14th and 15th centuries BC small Mediterranean cargo ships like those of the 50 foot long (15–16 metre) Uluburun ship were carrying 20 tons of exotic cargo; 11 tons of raw copper, jars, glass, ivory, gold, spices, and treasures from Canaan , Greece , Egypt , and Africa . The desire to operate trade routes over longer distances, and throughout more seasons of

425-606: The long voyages south of Cape of Good Hope or south of Cape Horn to transit between Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Lake freighters built for the Great Lakes in North America differ in design from sea water–going ships because of the difference in wave size and frequency in the lakes. A number of these ships are larger than Seawaymax and cannot leave the lakes and pass to the Atlantic Ocean, since they do not fit

450-518: The ship while it is in port. The process of removing sulphur from the fuel impacts the viscosity and lubricity of the marine gas oil though, which could cause damage in the engine fuel pump . The fuel viscosity can be raised by cooling the fuel down. If the various requirements are enforced, the International Maritime Organization 's marine fuel requirement will mean a 90% reduction in sulphur oxide emissions; whilst

475-468: The shipping companies. Each trip a liner takes is called a voyage. Liners mostly carry general cargo. However, some cargo liners may carry passengers also. A cargo liner that carries 12 or more passengers is called a combination or passenger-run-cargo line. Cargo ships are categorized partly by cargo or shipping capacity ( tonnage ), partly by weight ( deadweight tonnage DWT), and partly by dimensions. Maximum dimensions such as length and width ( beam ) limit

500-796: The war many of the ships were sold to private companies. The Ever Given is a ship that was lodged into the Suez Canal from March 25 to 28, 2021, which caused a halt on maritime trade. The MV Dali , which collided with the Francis Scott Key Bridge in Baltimore , Maryland , United States , on 26 March 2024, causing a catastrophic structural failure of the bridge that resulted in at least 6 deaths. Due to its low cost, most large cargo vessels are powered by bunker fuel , also known as heavy fuel oil, which contains higher sulphur levels than diesel. This level of pollution

525-553: The wreck is currently unknown. Cargo ship A cargo ship or freighter is a merchant ship that carries cargo , goods , and materials from one port to another. Thousands of cargo carriers ply the world's seas and oceans each year, handling the bulk of international trade . Cargo ships are usually specially designed for the task, often being equipped with cranes and other mechanisms to load and unload, and come in all sizes. Today, they are almost always built of welded steel , and with some exceptions generally have

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550-580: The year, motivated improvements in ship design during the Middle Ages . Before the middle of the 19th century, the incidence of piracy resulted in most cargo ships being armed, sometimes quite heavily, as in the case of the Manila galleons and East Indiamen . They were also sometimes escorted by warships . Piracy is still quite common in some waters, particularly in the Malacca Straits ,

575-580: Was laid down on 14 August 1920 at the Mitsui Senpaku K. K. shipyard in Tokyo , Japan . She was launched on 21 July 1921 and was completed on 15 May 1922. She was built for the Mitsui Line and was named Ibukisan Maru . She was renamed Dainichi Maru when she was bought by the Japanese company Itaya OSK Lines on 6 June 1935. Dainichi Maru was 117.3 metres (384 ft 10 in) long, with

600-544: Was part of Convoy 772, which consisted of five ships, including the cargo- and troopship Taian Maru and three other ships, escorted by a torpedo boat . At the time, Dainichi Maru was carrying 2,274 members of the 11th Independent Garrison Unit and 14th Army Workshop alongside their equipment. The convoy was attacked in the South China Sea west of Luzon , Philippines in the Luzon Strait , while it

625-731: Was travelling from Takaoka , Japan , to Manila , Philippines, by the American submarine USS  Gurnard at 1.39 am after the submarine had been stalking the convoy since midnight. The Gurnard went on to torpedo and sink both the Taian Maru and Dainichi Maru in the attack. 45 military personnel and 32 crew went down with Taian Maru as she sank, while on Dainichi Maru between 2,025 and 2,057 military personnel and 32 crew were killed. The wreck of Dainichi Maru lies at ( 18°48′N 119°21′E  /  18.800°N 119.350°E  / 18.800; 119.350 ). The condition of

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