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114-406: The Dajjal will imitate the miracles performed by Jesus , such as healing the sick and raising the dead, the latter done with the aid of demons. He will deceive many people such as weavers, magicians and children of fornication. —  Events  — —  Figures  — —  Events and terms  — —  Events  — Dajjāl ( Arabic : دجّال ) is the superlative form of

228-609: A Hen') (Cairo: Dar al-Maarif, 1943; 2nd ed. 1967). In Christ in the Quran and Modern Arabic Literature (1960), Al-Husayni said it is noteworthy Muhammad attributes no miracles to himself. These six miracles in the Quran are without detail unlike the Gospel and their non-canonical Gnostic sources, which include details and mention other attributed miracles. Over the centuries, these six miracle narratives have been elaborated through Hadith and poetry, with religious writings including some of

342-670: A Nabatean ancestor of the southern Arabs, through Zahran. Al-Qalqashandi reported the Zahran as a descendant of Khalid ibn Nasr, while Ibn Hazm reported Zahran was a descendant of Malik ibn Nasr, a Qahtanite . Hadith narrations record Muhammad as having a favorable view of the Banu Daws, who viewed them on par with his tribe, the Quraysh , the Ansar of Medina , and Banu Thaqif . Abu Hurairah embraced Islam through Tufayl ibn 'Amr ,

456-640: A boy studied the Jewish religion reading from the Psalms and found "traced in characters of light": You are my son and my beloved; I have chosen you for myself with Jesus then claiming: Today the word of God is fulfilled in the son of man. Several narratives show some disparity and similarity in Islamic writings about Jesus' early childhood, specifically his time in Egypt with regard to duration and events. Most of

570-479: A carpenter named George. Secluded in a church, she is joined by a young man named Joseph, and they help one another fetching water and other tasks. The account of the birth of Jesus follows the Quran's narrative, adding that the birth occurred in Bethlehem beside a palm tree with a manger. The 10th-century Persian scholar al-Tabari (839–923) mentions envoys arriving from the king of Persia with gifts (similar to

684-671: A concession of 10,000 dirhams to Abu Hurairah's heirs and commanded Al-Walid to take care of them. In 1274 (673 AH) the Mausoleum of Abu Hurairah was constructed in Yibna , at the order of the Mamluk Sultan Baibars . The mausoleum has been described as "one of the finest domed mausoleums in Palestine ." Following the 1948 Arab–Israeli War , the mausoleum was designated a shrine for Jews dedicated to Gamaliel II by

798-543: A corpse in semblance of Jesus was crucified and Jesus himself was raised to God. Many stories and narratives have been developed over the years about Jesus, containing certain inherent lessons or providing meaning due to the lack of detail in the Quran regarding Jesus. Some of these narratives are similar in nature to the New Testament , while some portray Jesus in a very human manner. Besides some detailed summaries of miracles of Jesus mentioned by Muslim writers over

912-569: A great number of casualties on both sides and they will be following one and the same religious doctrine, until about 30 dajjals appear, and each of them will claim that he is Allah's Apostle..." Rasulullah also stated that the last of these dajjals would be the Islamic Antichrist, al-Masih ad-Dajjal ( lit.   ' the Deceitful Messiah ' ). The Dajjal is never mentioned in the Quran but he's mentioned and described in

1026-1080: A kitten ' ), was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the most prolific hadith narrator in Sunni Islam . Born in al-Jabur, Arabia to the Banu Daws clan of the Zahran tribe, he was among the first people to accept Islam, and later became a member of the Suffah after the migration of Muhammad . Under the reign of the Rashidun caliph Umar , he also served as a scholar , hadith narrator, military governor of Bahrain , and soldier. Acknowledged by Muslim scholars for his notable photographic memory , he memorized massive numbers of over 5,000 hadiths, which later produced more than 500,000 narrator chains , making him an example followed by Hadith scholars today. Abu Hurairah's personal name ( ism )

1140-429: A man from the dead, raising a child accidentally killed, and causing the garments from a single-colored vat to come out with various colors. Abu Hurayra Abū Hurayra ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Ṣakhr al-Dawsī al-Zahrānī ( Arabic : أبُو هُرَيْرَة عَبْد ٱلرَّحْمَٰن بْن صَخْر ٱلدَّوْسِيّ ٱلزَّهْرَانِيّ ; c.  603 –679), commonly known as Abū Hurayra ( Arabic : أبُو هُرَيْرَة ; lit.   ' father of

1254-626: A narrator. As Abdullah Saeed points out the writing from Abu Rayyah that Caliph Umar bin Khattab is recorded to repeatedly threaten Abu Hurayrah, noted at the time as a blatant self-promoter, with serious consequences due to his frequent misquote of the Prophet's words. However, researchers have found that the Sunni scholarly community unanimously regarded Abu Hurairah as trustworthy both classical medieval and modern contemporaries, and they thought

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1368-545: A one-eyed man with human needs and God does not have any needs nor he has an eye. Muhammad strongly warned his companions and believers about this deceiving claim. According to a tradition "Al-Dajjal will verily be given birth by his mother in Qous in Egypt, and there will be thirty years separating between his birth and appearance. Shia reports regarding Isa state that he will descend at the Damascus east gate then he will appear in

1482-507: A people “who assign a son to God” and the latter, of those whose lives are entirely given to the pursuit and manufacture of material goods; and descriptions of the period of the Dajjal's reign as coinciding with the dominance of Christianity. The attributes of the Dajjal as described in the hadith literature are thus taken as symbolic representations and interpreted in a way which would make them compatible with Quranic readings and not compromise

1596-597: A possible reference to the Eucharist according to professor of Islamic and Arabic studies W. Montgomery Watt ( d. 2006). According to professor of comparative religions Geoffrey Parrinder ( d. 2005), it is unclear if this story parallels the Gospel's Last Supper or the feeding the multitude , but may be tied to the Arabic word ʿīd (Muslim festival): 5:112 ˹Remember˺ when the disciples asked, “O Jesus, son of Mary! Would your Lord be willing to send down to us

1710-503: A prophet who has not warned the Ummah of that one-eyed liar; behold he is one-eyed and your Lord is not one-eyed. Dajjal is blind of one eye On his forehead are the letters k. f. r. ( Kafir ) between the eyes of the Dajjal which every Muslim would be able to read." The Mahdi ( lit.   ' the rightly guided one ' ) is the redeemer according to Islam. Just like the Dajjal, the Mahdi

1824-549: A ruling for the cleansing protocol to manage COVID-19 pandemic Muslim victims dead bodies based on the fatwa verdict of Abu Hurairah when managing dead bodies of plague victims. The same council worked together with Ministry of Health to issue joint formal decrees of the obligation for Hajj pilgrims to undergo Meningitis vaccination, on the basis of their ruling from Hadith of Abu Hurairah. Saleh Al-Fawzan , member of Council of Senior Scholars (Saudi Arabia) and Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta and one of

1938-594: A stray kitten, so he took it in his sleeve, which is the reason he was named Abu Hurairah (father of the kitten). After the hijrah (migration to Medina ), Abu Hurairah became one of the inhabitants of the Suffah . Abu Hurairah stuck closely to Muhammad , and went on expeditions and journeys with him. Abu Hurairah was recorded as having participated in the Expedition of Dhat al-Riqa , which took place in Najd in

2052-441: A table spread with food from heaven?” Jesus answered, “Fear Allah if you are ˹truly˺ believers.” 5:113 They said, “We ˹only˺ wish to eat from it to reassure our hearts, to verify you are indeed truthful to us, and to become its witnesses.” 5:114 Jesus, son of Mary, prayed, “O Allah, our Lord! Send us from heaven a table spread with food as a feast for us—the first and last of us—and as a sign from You. Provide for us! You are indeed

2166-432: A white mountain will follow him, which in times of famine will be mistaken to be a mountain of food (bread). He shall be mounted on a white ash. One step of that ash will be of one mile. Whichever spring or well he reaches, will dry up forever. He will call out aloud which shall be audible to all in the east and the west from the jinns, humans, and satans." He would tell his followers that he is their Lord, whereas he would be

2280-502: A work on Islamic eschatology . References to Abu Hurairah's narrations can be found in Al-Tabari 's Tafsir al-Tabari , Ibn Kathir 's Tafsir Ibn Kathir , Al-Mahalli and al-Suyuti 's collaborative Tafsir al-Jalalayn , and Al-Qurtubi 's Tafsir al-Qurtubi , all of which are works of tafsīr, or Quranic exegesis . They also refer to Abu Hurairah's ijtihād and the resulting fatāwā as their resources. Abu Hurairah

2394-578: A year, one like a month, one like a week, and rest of his days like normal days. Some time after the appearance of the Dajjal, ʿĪsā will descend on a white minaret to the east of Damascus , thought to be the Minaret of Isa located on the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus. He will descend from the heavens wearing two garments lightly dyed with saffron and his hands resting on the shoulders of two angels . When he lowers his head it will seem as if water

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2508-420: A young Jesus while in Egypt (see the sections Miracles and Other miracles ). It is generally agreed that Jesus spoke Galilean Aramaic , a dialect of the common language of Judea in the first century and the region at-large. The first and earliest view of Jesus formulated in Islamic thought is that of a prophet – a human being chosen by God to present both a judgment upon humanity and challenge to turn to

2622-451: Is God. He creates [i.e., causes to pass] what he wills" ( Quran 3:47 ). The Quran does not include the tradition of the Flight into Egypt , though sūrah 23:50 could conceivably allude to it: "And we made the son of Maryam and his mother a sign; and we made them abide in an elevated place, full of quiet and watered with springs." However, narratives similar to the narrative found in

2736-414: Is Jesus would answer correctly any and every question anyone asked him. Another example is Jesus knew what people had just eaten, as well as what they had stored in their homes. In the fifth chapter of the Quran, Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:112-115 , a narration mentions the disciples of Jesus requesting a table laden with food, and for it to be a special day of commemoration for them in the future. This may be

2850-1221: Is a Twelver Shīʿīte ḥadīth on the topic of the Dajjal, an excerpt from a longer sermon by ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib : Narrated Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn 'Ali ibn Babawayh al-Qummi in Kamal al-din wa tamam al-ni'mah Vol 2, Ch 47, Hadith 1 : Narrated to us Muhammad bin Ibrahim bin Ishaq that he said: Narrated to us Abdul Aziz bin Yahya Jaludi in Basra: Narrated to us Husain bin Maaz: Narrated to us Qais bin Hafs: Narrated to us Yunus bin Arqam from Abi Yasar Shaibani from Zahhak bin Muzahim from Nazaal bin Sabra that he said: Asbagh bin Nubatah stood up and said: "O Maula! Who would be

2964-584: Is an evil being who will seek to impersonate the true Messiah ( Jesus ). A number of locations are associated with the emergence of the Dajjal, but usually, he emerges from the east. He is usually described as blind in right eye;his left eye will be green , and the true believers can clearly see the words كافر (Arabic for "Non-believer"), it is believed that many will be deceived by him and join his ranks, among them Jews , Bedouins , weavers , magicians , and children of fornication . Furthermore, he will be assisted by an army of devils ( Shayāṭīn ). Nevertheless,

3078-574: Is as true as you are here or as you are sitting (meaning Mu'adh ibn Jabal). Thawban ibn Kaidad narrated that Prophet Muhammad said: "There will be 30 dajjals among my Ummah. Each one will claim that he is a prophet; but I am the last of the Prophets (Seal of the Prophets), and there will be no Prophet after me." Abu Hurairah narrated that Rasulullah said: "The Hour will not be established until two big groups fight each other whereupon there will be

3192-668: Is believed to be the penultimate prophet and messenger of God and the Messiah sent to guide the Children of Israel ( Banī Isra'īl ) with a book called the Injīl (Evangel or Gospel). In the Quran , Jesus is described as the Messiah ( al-Masīḥ ), born of a virgin , performing miracles, accompanied by his disciples, and rejected by the Jewish religious establishment; in contrast to

3306-466: Is believed to have raised people from the dead, as mentioned in al-Imran 3:49 . Although no detail is given as to who was raised or the circumstance, at least three people are mentioned in detail in the Christian Gospel (a daughter of Jairus , a widow's son at Nain, and Lazarus ). Jesus was able to predict , or had foreknowledge , of what was hidden or unknown to others. One example

3420-594: Is flowing from his hair, when he raises his head, it will appear as though his hair is beaded with silvery pearls. Every disbeliever who would smell the odor of his self would die. According to the Sunni ḥadīth , the Dajjal will then be chased to the gate of Lod where he will be captured and killed by ʿĪsā. ʿĪsā will then break the Christian cross , kill all the pigs , abolish the jizya tax, and establish peace among all nations. The following account describes one of

3534-569: Is never mentioned in the Quran but his description can be found in the ḥadīth literature; according to the Islamic eschatological narrative, he will appear on Earth before the Day of Judgment . At the time of the Second Coming of Christ , the prophet ʿĪsā shall return to defeat and kill al-Masih ad-Dajjal. Muslims believe that both ʿĪsā and the Mahdi will rid the world of wrongdoing, injustice, and tyranny, ensuring peace and tranquility. Eventually,

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3648-457: Is unknown, and so is his father's. The most popular opinion, voiced by Al-Dhahabi and Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani , is that it was 'Abd al-Raḥmān ibn Ṣakhr ( عبد الرحمن بن صخر ). According to Al-Dhahabi, Abu Hurairah hailed from the prominent Banu Daws clan of the Arab tribe of Zahran , and was born in the region of Al-Bahah . Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani traced the lineage of the Banu Daws to Azd ,

3762-482: Is where Jesus became revered, acknowledged as a spiritual teacher with a distinctive voice from other prophets, including Muhammad. Sufism tends to explore the dimensions of union with God through many approaches, including asceticism, poetry, philosophy, speculative suggestion, and mystical methods. Although Sufism to the Western mind may seem to share similar origins or elements of Neoplatonism, Gnosticism, and Buddhism,

3876-859: The madhhab of Abu Hurairah was taken as a guideline for hadith scholars to evaluate the validity of a hadith . Shaykh Mahmud Abu Rayyah (d.1970), the youngest brother of Hassan al-Banna and also the author of Aḍwā alā al-sunna al-Muhammadiyya (Illuminations on the Sunnah of Muḥammad). One of the works he produced was on raising doubts about the reliability of Abu Hurarirah. According to Yasin Jibouri, several Shia scholars such as Ja'far al-Iskafi regarded Abu Hurayra as telling lies. Same goes with Abu Rayyah, independent writer from Egypt who quoted medieval Shia source in his report regarding Abu Hurairah. Certain Shia writers are known for doubting his authority as

3990-483: The ḥadīth literature . Like in Christianity, the Dajjal is said to emerge out in the east, although the specific location varies among the various sources. The Dajjal will imitate the miracles performed by ʿĪsā , such as healing the sick and raising the dead, the latter done with the aid of demons ( Shayāṭīn ). He will deceive many people, such as weavers, magicians, half-castes, and children of prostitutes, but

4104-459: The Magi from the east ) for the Messiah; the command to a man called Joseph (not specifically Mary's husband) to take her and the child to Egypt and later return to Nazareth . The Fatimid Ismaili jurist Qadi al-Nu'man also contributed to the narrative, explaining that the virgin birth of Jesus is meant to be interpreted symbolically. In his interpretation, Mary was the follower ( lāḥiq ), of

4218-469: The Roman Empire (see Seven Sleepers ). In particular, the teaching that Jesus was a mortal man who survived crucifixion and died a natural death , as propounded by Ghulam Ahmad, has been seen by some scholars as a move to neutralise Christian soteriologies of Jesus and to project the superior rationality of Islam. The 'gate of Lud' ( Bāb al-Ludd ) spoken of in the hadith literature as the site where

4332-582: The Second Coming to kill the Al-Masih ad-Dajjal ('The False Messiah'), after which with the ancient tribes Gog and Magog ( Yaʾjūj Maʾjūj ) would disperse. After God gets rid of them, Jesus would rule the world, establish peace and justice, die a natural death and then be buried alongside Muhammad at the fourth reserved tomb of the Green Dome in Medina . The place where Jesus is believed to return,

4446-1002: The Sonnini Manuscript of the Acts of the Apostles and other ecclesiastical works predating its discovery. Upon his arrival in London in 1924, Ghulam Ahmad's son and second Successor , Mirza Bashir-ud-Din Mahmud proceeded directly to this site and led a lengthy prayer outside the entrance of St Paul's Cathedral before laying the foundation for a mosque in London . Jesus in Islam —  Events  — —  Figures  — —  Events and terms  — —  Events  — In Islam , Jesus ( Arabic : عِيسَى ٱبْنُ مَرْيَمَ , romanized :  ʿĪsā ibn Maryam , lit.   'Jesus, son of Mary ')

4560-538: The Umayyad Mosque in Damascus , is highly esteemed by Muslims as the fourth holiest site of Islam . Jesus Christ is widely venerated in Sufism , with numerous ascetic and mystic literature written and recited about the most important historical Jewish Christian-Islamic prophet-messenger to these Abrahamic faiths. Islam's account of Jesus begins with a prologue narrated several times in the Quran which first describes

4674-614: The fatāwā of Abu Hurairah in his book, Fatawa Abu Hurairah . Abu Hurairah was one of the six prominent companions of Muhammad involved in jurisprudential rulings during the Rashidun era , the others being Ali , Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas , Abu Darda , Saʽid al-Khudri , and Abu Shafiah. Abd al-Rahman Jaziri, a professor at Al-Azhar University , has concluded that on certain issues, the four madhahib reached ijmā ' (consensus) on Abu Hurairah's ruling. The four major Sunni madhahib , have all used hadith narrated by Abu Hurairah in major jurisprudential decisions. Muwatta Imam Malik ,

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4788-667: The hadith collection of the founder of the Maliki madhhab , Malik ibn Anas, contains various hadiths narrated by Abu Hurairah wherein they form the basis for jurisprudential rulings. Bulugh al-Maram , a hadith collection by Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani pertaining to the Shafi'i madhhab also contains many hadith narrated by Abu Hurairah. Al-Nawawi 's Al-Arba'ūn an-Nawawiyyah also contain narrations from Abu Hurairah. According to Muhammad ibn al-Uthaymeen in his commentary of Al-Nawawi's Riyāḍ as-Ṣaliḥīn , Abu Hurairah's ijtihad formed

4902-440: The hadith he possessed. Hammam ibn Munabbih (d. 748), another prominent tabi' and disciple of Abu Hurairah compiled the hadith narrated to him by Abu Hurairah in his hadith collection Sahifah Hammam ibn Munabbih , one of the earliest hadith collections in history. There is little mention of the family of Abu Huraira, but it is known that he had a wife named Basra bint Ghazwan. According to Ahmad ibn Hanbal , after

5016-447: The inimitable attributes of God in Islam. The Dajjal being blind in his right eye while being sharp and oversized in his left, for example, is indicative of being devoid of religious insight and spiritual understanding, but excellent in material and scientific attainment. Similarly, the Dajjal not entering Mecca and Medina is interpreted with reference to the failure of colonial missionaries in reaching these two places. The defeat of

5130-627: The Best Provider.” 5:115 Allah answered, “I am sending it down to you. But whoever among you denies afterwards will be subjected to a torment I have never inflicted on anyone of My creation.” In a record by the Sunni exegete Tabari , before the last supper, the threat of death made him anxious. Therefore, Jesus invited his disciples for the last supper. After the meal, he washed their hands and performed their ablutions to wipe their hands on his clothing. Afterwards Jesus replied to them: "As for that I have done to you tonight, in that I served you

5244-563: The Christian Gospel of Luke . The Annunciation to Mary is mentioned twice in the Quran, and in both instances Mary/Maryam is told that she was chosen by God to deliver a son. In the first instance, the bearer of the news (who is believed by most Muslims to be the archangel Gabriel), delivered the news in ( 3:42-47 ) as he takes the form of a man ( 19:16-22 ). The details of the conception according to 66:12 and 21:89 , Mary conceives Jesus by being blown into her womb through

5358-509: The Dajjal in Ahmadi eschatology is to occur by force of argument and by the warding off of its mischief through the very advent of the Messiah rather than through physical warfare, with the Dajjal's power and influence gradually disintegrating and ultimately allowing for the recognition and worship of God along with Islamic ideals to prevail throughout the world in a period similar to the period of time it took for nascent Christianity to rise through

5472-437: The Dajjal is to be slain (or captured) is understood in this context as indicating the confutation of Christian proclaimants by way of disputative engagement in light of the Quran ( 19:97 ). The hadith has also been exteriorly linked with Ludgate in London, the westernmost point where Paul of Tarsus —widely believed by Muslims to be the principal corrupter of Jesus' original teachings—is thought to have preached according to

5586-480: The Dajjal to claim himself as God. Prophecies concerning the emergence of the Dajjal are interpreted in Ahmadiyya teachings as designating a specific group of nations centered upon a false theology (or Christology) instead of an individual, with reference to the Dajjal in the singular indicating its unity as a system rather than its personal individuality. In particular, Ahmadis identify the Dajjal collectively with

5700-462: The Dajjal will be killed by the Mahdi and ʿĪsā at the gate of Lud , who upon seeing Dajjal will cause him to slowly dissolve (like salt in water). Since the 1980s, popular Islamic writers, such as Said Ayyub of Egypt, have blamed the forces of Dajjal for the overtaking of the Islamic world by the Western states. In the Twelver denomination of Shīʿa Islam , one of the signs of the reappearance of

5814-425: The Dajjal, blind to the immanent aspect of God, could only comprehend the transcendent aspect of God's wrath. Hadiths describe the Dajjal as twisting paradise and hell, as he would bring his own paradise and hell with him, but his hell would be paradise and his paradise would be hell. Sunni Muslims have affirmed that the Dajjal is an individual man, and that when the Dajjal appears, he will stay for 40 days, one like

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5928-464: The Dajjal, principally with colonial missionaries was drawn by Ghulam Ahmad through linking the hadith traditions about him with certain Quranic passages such as, inter alia , the description in the hadith of the emergence of the Dajjal as the greatest tribulation since the creation of Adam , taken in conjunction with the Quran's description of the deification of Jesus as the greatest abomination;

6042-476: The Dajjal?" He (Imam Ali) replied: "The name of Dajjal is Saeed bin Saeed. Thus one who supports him is unfortunate. And fortunate are those who deny him. He shall emerge from Yahoodiya village of Isfahan. On his forehead would be inscribed: 'Kafir' (disbeliever) which would readable to the literate as well as the illiterate. He shall jump into the seas. The Sun will follow him. A mountain of smoke will precede him and

6156-733: The East where he will be granted caliphate." This is a narration by Nu'aym bin Hammad and also according to the hadith of Jassasah, "it is reported that he is confined in an abbey or a palace at an island in the Shaam or the Sea of Yemen. Some hadith reports that he will emerge from Khorasan whereas some say that he will appear in a place between the Shaam and Iraq ." People will be deceived by his magic and sorcery for which he will be falsely claimed as Messiah. On

6270-582: The Gospels and non-canonical sources circulated in later Islamic tradition, with some details and elaborations added over the centuries by Islamic writers and historians. Some narratives have Jesus and family staying in Egypt up to 12 years. Many moral stories and miraculous events of Jesus' youth are mentioned in Qisas al-anbiya ('Stories of the Prophets'), books composed over the centuries about pre-Islamic prophets and heroes. Al-Masudi wrote that Jesus as

6384-732: The Great Mosque of Mecca) Abdur-Rahman al-Mu'allimee al-Yamani , has criticized the sources which O. Hashem quoted only using falsified and inauthentic hadith according to standard of Bukhari, Sahih Muslim , Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani , and Al-Dhahabi criterion of biography evaluation, while also questioning O. Hashim scholarly credibility as they though O. Hashem were driven by Shiite biased view on his critics. While Muhammad ibn al-Uthaymeen dismissing such criticism towards Abu Hurairah which came from Shia traditions as he said they are simply "a collection of error traditions". According to Burhanuddin from Indonesia's Ministry of Religious Affairs ,

6498-405: The Imam Joachim ('Imran). However, when Joachim realized that she was not suited for the Imamah , he passed it to Zechariah, who then passed it to John the Baptist. Meanwhile, Mary received spiritual inspiration ( mādda ) from God, revealing that he would invite a man (to the faith) who would become an exalted Speaker ( nāṭiq ) of a revealed religion ( sharīʿa ). According to al-Nu'man,

6612-544: The Islamic view of Jesus Christ as a holy angelic messenger divinely sent from heaven by God to his fleshly incarnation, like an Angel of the Lord in some other Messianic Christian traditions. The Quran attributes at least six miracles to Jesus, with many more being added over the centuries by writers and historians. Miracles were attributed to Jesus as signs of his prophethood and his authority, according to educator and professor Ishaq Musa Al-Husayni ( d. 1990), an author most known for Mudhakkirat Dajaja ('Memoirs of

6726-569: The Israeli government, although neither Abu Hurairah nor Gamaliel II are likely to have been buried in the tomb. The hadith reported by Abu Hurairah are diverse, being used by Islamic scholars specializing in hadith , ' aqīdah , fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), ijtihād , tafsīr (Quranic exegesis), and Islamic eschatology . In his Kitab al-Iman , a book on ' aqīdah , Ibn Taymiyyah (d. 1328) uses hadith narrations from Abu Hurairah to study tawḥīd . Ibn Kathir uses Abu Hurairah's narrations in Al-Nihāyah fī al-Fitan wa al-Malaḥim,

6840-596: The Jewish Toledot Yeshu , with few variant details between the Quran and these two sources. Similar to the New Testament , the Quran mentions Jesus healing the blind and the lepers in 3:49 . Muslim scholar and judge al-Baydawi ( d. 1286) wrote how it was recorded that many thousands of people came to Jesus to be healed and that Jesus healed these diseases through prayer only. Medieval scholar al-Tha'labi wrote about how these two particular diseases were beyond medical help, and Jesus' miracles were meant to be witnessed by others as clear signs of his message. Jesus

6954-405: The Jews of Isbahan will follow the Dajjal, wearing Tayalisahs. Samra ibn Jundab reported that once Prophet Muhammad, while delivering a ceremonial speech at an occasion of a solar eclipse , said: "Verily by Allah, the Last Hour will not come until 30 dajjals will appear and the final one will be the One-eyed False Messiah.", Anas ibn Malik narrated that Rasulullah said: "There is never

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7068-399: The Mahdi whom Twelvers consider to be their 12th Imam from the Ahl al-Bayt ("People of the Household"), is the advent of the Dajjal. "Whoever denies al-Mahdi has denied God, and whoever accepts al-Dajjal has denied God (turned an infidel)." This Shīʿīte ḥadīth attributed to Muhammad strongly emphasizes the return of Dajjal and the event of the reappearance of the Mahdi. The following

7182-414: The Prophet indicates the condition of the world. He said, "Five years prior to the advent of Dajjal there shall be drought and nothing shall be cultivated. Such that all the hoofed animals shall perish”. After his emergence, the world would be facing acute famine. He will have food and water with him. Many people will accept his claim just for some food and water. He will spread oppression and tyranny all over

7296-462: The Quran. The second group of stories, although containing a Gospel core, are expanded with a "distinctly Islamic stamp". The third group, being the largest of the four, portrays Jesus as a patron saint of Muslim asceticism. The last group builds upon the Islamic archetype and Muslim-centric definition of Jesus and his attributes, furthering esoteric ideas regarding terms such as "Spirit of God" and "Word of God" describing Jesus Christ, attributes given to

7410-431: The Son of God, the Word , and affirming what the angel Gabriel had previously announced to Mary as detailed in the Gospel. The miracle story of creating birds from clay and breathing life into them when a child is mentioned in 3:43-49 , 5:109-110 . Although this miracle is also not mentioned in the canonical Gospels, the same narrative is found in at least two pre-Islamic sources: the Infancy Gospel of Thomas and

7524-933: The allegation of the hadith falsification by Abu Hurairah were coming solely from Shia traditions, which not found in Kutub al-Sittah and other major Hadith works, as medieval scholars such as Dhahabi said that the criticism towards Abu Hurairah are not accepted even during the early times of Islam for several reasons, including because those who criticise Abu Hurairah themselves are known as Mudallis (defected or untrustworthy narrators) according to Jarh wa Ta'dil (biographical evaluation study) and Asbab wurud (chronological study of Hadith). Which generally agreed by later era counterparts, which further adds that Jarh wa Ta'dil rulings only valid to evaluate Tabi'un or generations above them, while Sahabah generation are free and exempt from Jarh wa Ta'dil and accepted without exception, as long they are confirmed and identified by chroniclers as Sahabah. Safia Aoude and Ali al-Tamimi also highlighted,

7638-410: The angel Gabriel while Mary is being raised in the Temple after having been pledged to God by her mother. Gabriel states she is honored over all women of all nations and has brought her glad tidings of a pure son. Gabriel declares the son is to be named Jesus, the Messiah, proclaiming he will be called a great prophet. Mary, asking how she could conceive and have a child when no man had touched her,

7752-469: The angel Gabriel had mentioned at the annunciation: Jesus proclaims he is a servant of God, has been given a book, is a prophet, is blessed wherever he will go, blesses the day he was born, the day he will die, and the day he is raised alive. Although this particular narrative is not found in the Bible , the theme of speaking from the cradle is found in the non-canonical pre-Islamic Syriac Infancy Gospel . The Syriac Infancy Gospel has Jesus declaring himself

7866-416: The arrival of the Mahdī , the “guided one.” As another hadith attributed to Alī ibn Abī Talib puts it, “Most of the Dajjal’s followers are Jews and children of fornication ; God will kill him in Syria, at a pass called the Pass of Afiq, after three hours are gone from the day, at the hand of Jesus". Jews are prophesied to be followers of the dajjal, as narrated by Anas bin Malik : Seventy thousand of

7980-543: The basis for Al-Nawawi's rulings of wudu . Bilal Philips , a Salafi preacher from Canada who was known for his preaching activity to three thousand US army veteran of the first Gulf War after the successful victory of Saudi-US coalition, also listed several quotations from Abu Hurairah in his earlier work, Salvation Through of Repentance , regarding various matters of Islamic teaching, included Qadr Night and Friday prayers. Meanwhile, Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia) and Indonesian Ulema Council has issued

8094-400: The birth of his mother, Mary, and her service in the Jerusalem temple while under the care of the prophet Zechariah , who would become the father of Yahya ( John the Baptist ). The Quran's birth narrative of Jesus begins at Quran 19:16-34 and 3:45-53 . This birth narrative has been recounted with certain variations and detailed additions by Islamic historians over the centuries. In

8208-439: The cause of Islam, with some traditions narrating Jesus pointing to the primacy of Muhammad. Most traditions state Jesus will then die a natural death. A third and distinctive image is of Jesus representing an ascetic figure – a prophet of the heart. Although the Quran refers to the 'gospel' of Jesus, those specific teachings of his are not mentioned in the Quran or later religious texts. They are largely absent. The Sufi tradition

8322-485: The centuries, from adulthood (like walking on water – also found in the Gospel – and causing loaves of bread to come from the ground), some other miracles from childhood include: explaining the Muslim creed fundamentals to a schoolmaster, revealing who the thieves were to a wealthy chief, filling empty jars of something to drink, providing food and wine for a tyrannical king while also proving to this king his power in raising

8436-457: The chieftain of his tribe in 629, 7AH. Tufayl had returned to his village after meeting Muhammad in Mecca and converting to Islam in its early years. Abu Hurairah was one of the first to accept Islam from his tribe, unlike the majority of Tufayl's tribesmen who embraced Islam later. Abu Hurairah accompanied Tufayl to Madina to meet Muhammad who renamed him Abdurrahman. It was said that he found

8550-544: The day I was born, the day I die, and the day I will be raised back to life!” Jesus speaking from the cradle is one of six miracles attributed to him in the Quran, an account which is also found in the Syriac Infancy Gospel , a sixth-century work. According to various hadiths , Jesus and Mary did not cry at birth. The Islamic faith echoed some strands within the Christian tradition that Mary (or Maryam)

8664-635: The death of Muhammad, Abu Hurairah participated in the Ridda Wars under the first Rashidun caliph , Abu Bakr . After Abu Bakr's death, during Umar 's reign, Abu Hurairah actively participated in the Muslim conquest of Persia . Later, he became governor of Bahrayn. During this time, Abu Hurairah is noted to have become wealthy, amassing close to 10,000 gold dinars through breeding horses and spoils of war , which he brought to Medina. This raised Umar's suspicion, who accused him of corruption. Abu Hurairah

8778-433: The early Umayyad era , Abu Hurairah was tasked with assessing the authenticity of the hadith circulated within the caliphate. Abu Hurairah died in the year 679 (59 AH) at the age of 76 and was buried at al-Baqi' . His funeral prayer was led by Al-Walid ibn Utba , who was the governor of Medina, and was attended by Abd Allah ibn Umar and Abu Sa'id al Khudri . Al-Walid wrote to Mu'awiya I about his death, who made

8892-617: The first day of his appearance, seventy thousand Jews will follow him. They will be wearing green caps. They will consider him as their promised savior; the one who is described in their holy books. The actual cause of their faith would be their animosity with the Muslims. Ja'far al-Sadiq narrates from the Prophet Muhammad that, most of Dajjal's followers would be people from illegitimate relationships, habitual drinkers, singers, musicians, bedouins, and women. He will travel all around

9006-529: The healthiest and most authentic asnād of narrators beginning at Abu Hurairah were: According to Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi , Ali ibn al-Madini (d. 849) considered the most authentic chain that begin with Abu Hurairah as being Abu Hurairah → Ibn Sirin → Ayyub al-Sakhtiani → Hammad ibn Zaid . According to Ahmad Muhammad Shakir (d. 1958), a hadith scholar from Al-Azhar University , the most authentic asnād that came from Abu Hurayrah were: According to Al-Albani in his book, Silsalat al-Hadith ad-Da'ifah,

9120-569: The ideology is distinctly Islamic since they adhere to the words of the Quran and pursue imitation of Muhammad as the perfect man. The Islamic concepts of Jesus' preaching is believed to have originated in Kufa , Iraq, under the Rashidun Caliphate where the earliest writers of Muslim tradition and scholarship was formulated. The concepts of Jesus and his preaching ministry developed in Kufa

9234-503: The latter of whom Jesus is reported in the Quran to have prophesied by using the name Ahmad . Christians view Jesus Christ as God incarnate , the Son of God in human flesh, but the Quran denies the divinity of Jesus and his status as Son of God in several verses, and also insinuates that Jesus Christ did not claim to be personally God nor the Son of God. Islam teaches that Jesus' original message

9348-434: The latter simply looks at him, and - according to some narrations - puts a sword through the Dajjal. The nature of the Dajjal is ambiguous. Although the nature of his birth indicates that the first generations of Muslim apocalyptists regarded him as human, he is also identified rather as a devil ( shayṭān ) in human form in the Islamic tradition. The characteristical one-eye is believed to symbolize spiritual blindness. Thus,

9462-538: The majority of his followers will be Jews . According to the Islamic eschatological narrative , the events related to the final battle before the Day of Judgment will proceed in the following order: 11 Hadith also report on the “ Greater Signs ” of the end, which include the appearance of the Antichrist (Dajjal) and the reappearance of the prophet Jesus to join in battle with him at Dabbiq in Syria , as well as

9576-406: The matter of the virgin birth of Jesus , while Islamic theology affirms Mary as a pure vessel, it does not follow the concept of Immaculate Conception as related to Mary's birth in some Christian traditions. Islamic exegesis affirms the virginal birth of Jesus – similarly to the Gospel account and occurring in Bethlehem . The narrative of the virgin birth opens with an announcement to Mary by

9690-435: The meal and washed your hands in person, let it be an example for you. Since you indeed consider me to be better than you, do not be haughty in relation to each other but rather expand yourselves for each other as I have expanded myself for you." After instructing the disciples in his teachings, Jesus foretells that one of them would deny him and another betray him. However, in accordance with Islamic views on Jesus' death , just

9804-606: The missionary expansion and colonial dominance of European Christianity throughout the world, a development which had begun soon after the Muslim conquest of Constantinople , with the Age of Discovery in the 15th century and accelerated by the Industrial Revolution . As with other eschatological themes, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad , the founder of the Ahmadiyya movement, wrote extensively on this topic. The identification of

9918-459: The most reliable supporters will be the Jews, to whom he will be the incarnation of God. The Dajjal will be able to perform miracles, such as healing the sick, raising the dead, causing the earth to grow vegetation, causing livestock to prosper and to die, and stopping the sun's movement. His miracles will resemble those performed by ʿĪsā . At the end, the Dajjal will be defeated and killed by ʿĪsā when

10032-419: The most senior scholar has listed most of his thoughts regarding Fiqh jurisprudence based on hadiths narrated by Abu Hurairah. Abu Hurairah is credited with narrating at least 5,374 hadith . Abu Hurairah continued collecting hadith after the death of Muhammad from Abu Bakr , Umar , Aisha , Fadl ibn Abbas , Usama ibn Zayd , Ubayy ibn Ka'b , and Ka'b al-Ahbar . It is said by Abu Hurairah himself

10146-454: The narration of Umar threatening Abu Hurairaha, which quoted by Abdullah Saeed, were also came solely from a writer which influenced by Abu Rayyah, Particularly from anonymous writer who has pen name "O. Hashem" who write his criticism towards Abu Hurairah in his book, Saqifah . Several Sunni thinkers and scholars such as has been Mustafa al-Siba'i , Shuaib Al Arna'ut , along with director of Maktabah al-Haram al-Makki ash-Shariff (Library of

10260-450: The narratives are found in non-canonical Christian sources like, for example, the pre-Islamic Gospel of Thomas. One such disparity is from al-Athir in his The Perfection of History which contains a birth narrative stating Jesus was born in Egypt instead of Bethlehem. Some other narratives of Jesus' childhood are popular Middle Eastern lore as highlighted by professor of interfaith studies Mahmoud M. Ayoub . Many miracles are attributed to

10374-400: The one true God. From this basis, reflected upon all previous prophets through the lens of Muslim identity, Jesus is considered no more than repeating a message of the ages. The miracles of Jesus and the Quranic titles attributed to him demonstrate the power of God rather than the divinity of Jesus – the same power behind the message of all prophets. Some Islamic traditions believe Jesus' mission

10488-619: The only one who surpassed him regarding hadith were Abd Allah ibn Amr ibn al-As , another companion who serve as writer assistant of Muhammad and author of " Al-Sahifah al-Sadiqah ", the first Hadith book in history. However, according to his own admission, Abu Hurairah said that Abd Allah ibn Amr ibn al-As possessed a greater number of narrations than himself, since Abd Allah diligently wrote every hadith he heard, while Abu Hurairah relied on his extraordinary memory. Muhammad Sa'id Mursi recorded around 800 companions of Muhammad and tabi'un who learnt hadith from Abu Hurairah. According to

10602-451: The other miracles mentioned in the Gospel, non-canonical sources, and from lore. Speaking from the cradle is mentioned in three places in the Quran: 3:46 , 5:109-110 and 19:29-30 . Part of the narrative has the infant Jesus defending his mother Mary from the accusation of having given birth without a known husband. Early Islam was unclear about Joseph and his role. Jesus speaks as

10716-430: The other side, has pointed out that Abu Rayyah critic towards Abu Hurairah were flawed according to the main principles of Biographical evaluation traditions and accusing Abu Rayyah relying on single source of 12th AD twelver Shia scholar, Allamah Al-Hilli . Furthermore, the case of accusation of Abu Hurairah were nullified according to Badri, as Badri reasons it is impossible if Umar does not trust Abu Hurairah, while on

10830-512: The prayers and Isa will follow him. As soon as Dajjal sees Isa, Dajjal would melt like Lead. Ali mentions Dajjal's defeat in one of his sermons, saying that Dajjal will set out toward the Hijaz and Isa (Jesus) will intercept him at the passage of Harsha. ‘Isa will direct a horrible shout at him and strike him a decisive blow. Muhammad al-Baqir narrated that at the time when Dajjal will arise, the people would not know about God, hence making it easy for

10944-693: The records from Ibn Hajar and ad-Dhahabi, Abu Hurairah fellow Sahabah and Tabi'un who narrated hadiths from him were Abd Allah ibn Umar ibn al-Khattab , Ibn Abbas , Jabir ibn Abd Allah , Anas ibn Malik , Said ibn al-Musayyib , Urwah ibn Zubayr , Amr ibn Dinar , Ibn Sirin , Ata ibn Abi Rabah , Isa ibn Talha al-Taymi , Hammam ibn Munabbih , Hasan al-Basri , Tawus ibn Kaysan , Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr , among others. According to Ali Ahmad as-Salus, Abu Hurairah possessed more asnād ( sing. sanad , Arabic : سَنَد , lit.   'chain') than Ibn Abbas , Aisha , Abd Allah ibn Umar , and Abdullah ibn Masud . According to Al-Dhahabi ,

11058-563: The root word dajl meaning "lie" or "deception". It means "deceiver" and also appears in Syriac ( daggāl ܕܓܠ , "false, deceitful; spurious"). The compound al-Masīḥ ad-Dajjāl , with the definite article al- ("the"), refers to "the deceiving Messiah", a specific end time deceiver, linguistically equivalent to the Christian Syriac mšīḥā d-daggālūtā ܡܫܝܚܐ ܕܕܓܠܘܬܐ , "pseudo-Christ, false Messiah". This Dajjāl

11172-530: The scholars observation from Siba'i, Abdul Mun'im Shalih Al-'Ali, Dhiya'urrahman Al A'Dzamy, Muhammad Abu Syahbah, Shalahuddin Maqbul Ahmad, and Abdullah ibn Abdil Aziz An-Nashir, has found out the reason Abu Rayyah, has such inorganized method in his writing were because the background of Abu Rayyah though not came from proper academic learning, instead he was just influenced by the writings of Goldziher . Badri Khairuman from Kalijaga Islamic University, on

11286-527: The signs of the arrival of the Dajjal in Sunni eschatology. Narrated Mu'adh ibn Jabal : The Prophet (ﷺ) said: The flourishing state of Jerusalem will be when Yathrib is in ruins, the ruined state of Yathrib will be when the great war comes, the outbreak of the great war will be at the conquest of Constantinople and the conquest of Constantinople when the Dajjal (Antichrist) comes forth. He (the Prophet) struck his thigh or his shoulder with his hand and said: This

11400-482: The spirit (i.e. archangel Gabriel), Mary asks how she can bear a son in view of her chastity, she is told that God creates what he wills and that these things are easy for God. The 8th-century Muslim historian Ibn Ishaq (704–767), wrote the account entitled Kitab al-Mubtada ('In the Beginning'), reporting that Zechariah is Mary's guardian briefly, and after being incapable of maintaining her, he entrusts her to

11514-553: The temple and is asked by the temple elders about the child. Having been commanded by Gabriel to a vow of silence, she points to the infant Jesus and the infant proclaims: ˹Jesus˺ declared, “I am truly a servant of Allah. He has destined me to be given the Scripture and to be a prophet. He has made me a blessing wherever I go, and bid me to establish prayer and give alms-tax as long as I live, and to be kind to my mother. He has not made me arrogant or defiant. Peace be upon me

11628-400: The traditional Christian narrative, however, he is stated to have not been crucified, died on the cross, nor resurrected , rather, he is depicted as having been miraculously saved by God and ascending into heaven. The Quran places Jesus among the greatest prophets and mentions him with various titles . The prophethood of Jesus is preceded by that of Yahya (John) and succeeded by Muhammad ,

11742-503: The verses "She said: Lord! How can I have a child when no man has touched me?" ( 3:47 ) and "neither have I been unchaste" ( 19:20 ) are symbolic of Mary's saying, "How can I conduct the invitation ( daʿwa ) when the Imam of the Time has not given me permission to do so?" and "Nor shall I be unfaithful by acting against his command", respectively. To this, a celestial hierarch replies "Such

11856-408: The warning only against the putative lapses of the Jews and Christians in al-Fatiha —the principal Islamic prayer—and the absence therein of any warning specifically against the Dajjal; a prophetic hadith which prescribed the recitation of the opening and closing ten verses of chapter eighteen of the Quran, ( al-Kahf ) as a safeguard against the mischief of the Dajjal, the former of which speak of

11970-495: The world except Mecca and Medina.. The earth would be under his control to such an extent that even the ruins will turn into treasures and the earth will sprout vegetation on his command. As soon as he descends, he will order a river to flow and then return and then dry up. The river will follow his command. Even the mountains, clouds and wind will be controlled by him. Due to this, his followers will gradually increase which will eventually make him proclaim himself as God. A hadith from

12084-418: The world. The main aim of the Dajjal will be mischief and test of the people. The one who follows him will be exited from Islam and the one who denies him will be the believer. When the Mahdi reappears, he will appoint Isa (Jesus) as his representative. Isa would attack him and catch him at the gate of Ludd (present day 'Lod' near Tel Aviv) According to the narrations of Ali, when the Mahdi returns, he will lead

12198-746: The year 4 AH or 5 AH. The consensus of Muslim scholars considers Abu Hurairah's military career as having begun after the Battle of Khaybar , after which he was present in the Battle of Mu'tah , during the Conquest of Mecca , at Hunayn , and in the Expedition of Tabuk . Later, Abu Hurairah was sent as a muezzin to al-Ala al-Hadhrami in Bahrayn . Abu Hurairah was father-in-law of the prominent tabi' ( pl.   tabi'un ) Said ibn al-Musayyib (d. 715), who confessed that he had married Abu Hurairah's daughter in order to get closer with her father and learn

12312-477: Was altered ( taḥrīf ) after his being raised alive. The monotheism ( tawḥīd ) of Jesus is emphasized in the Quran. Like all prophets in Islam , Jesus is also called a Muslim ( lit. submitter [to God ] ), as he preached that his followers should adopt the ' straight path ' ( Ṣirāṭ al-Mustaqīm ). Jesus is attributed with a vast number of miracles in Islamic tradition. In their views of Islamic eschatology , mainstream Muslims believe Jesus will return in

12426-468: Was a literal virgin when Jesus was conceived. The most detailed account of the annunciation and birth of Jesus is provided in Surah 3 ( Al Imran ) and 19 ( Maryam ) of the Quran, where the story is narrated that God (Allah) sent an angel to announce that Maryam could shortly expect to bear a son, despite being a virgin. Some academics have noted that the account in Surah 19 is particularly close to that in

12540-611: Was adopted from the early ascetic Christians of Egypt who opposed official church bishopric appointments from Rome. The earliest stories, numbering about 85, are found in two major collections of ascetic literature entitled Kitab al-Zuhd wa'l Raqa'iq ('The Book of the Asceticism and Tender Mercies') by Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak ( d. 797), and Kitab al-Zuhd ('The Book of Asceticism') by Ibn Hanbal ( d. 855). These sayings fall into four basic groups: The first group of sayings expands Jesus' archetype as portrayed in

12654-520: Was among the few companions of Muhammad who issued jurisprudential rulings or fatāwā ( sing. fatwa ), and he was personally requested by his contemporary companion Ibn Abbas to do so. As the Sunni madhahib ( sing. madhhab , schools of jurisprudence) were structurally based on the rulings or narrations from companions of Muhammad, the ruling jurisprudence for the four main Sunni madhahib heavily relied on Abu Hurairah's fatāwā and his numerous narrations. Taqi al-Din al-Subki compiled

12768-403: Was answered by the angel that God can decree what he wills, and that it shall come to pass. The narrative from the Quran continues with Mary, overcome by the pains of childbirth, being provided with a stream of water under her feet from which she could drink, and with a palm tree which she could shake so ripe dates would fall and be enjoyed. After giving birth, Mary carries the baby Jesus back to

12882-424: Was later found innocent and Umar asked him again to govern Bahrayn once again, an offer he turned down. After leaving the governorship, Abu Hurairah returned to Medina and worked as a qadi (judge), issuing fatāwā ( sing. fatwa ). Abu Hurairah was one of the defenders of the third Rashidun caliph, Uthman , during his assassination . Abu Hurairah continued to work as mufti after Uthman's death. In

12996-471: Was only to the children of Israel and his status as a prophet being confirmed by numerous miracles. A second early high image of Jesus is an end-time figure. This concept arises mostly from the Hadith. Muslim tradition constructs a narrative similarly found in Christian theology, seeing Jesus arriving at the end of time and descending upon earth to fight the Antichrist. This narrative is understood to champion

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