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45-555: Daglish , Dalglish , Dalgleish or Dalgliesh is a Scottish name originating from Gaelic dail (field) + glaise (brook). It may refer to: People [ edit ] Alice Dalgliesh (1893–1979), American children's author Andrew Dalgleish (diplomat) (born 1975), British diplomat Andrew Dalgleish (spy) (1853–1888) Angus Dalgleish (born 1950), British researcher Ben Daglish (1966–2018), British composer and musician Chris Douglas (musician) (born 1974), musician who uses

90-487: A British television series featuring the character Daglish Ministry , the 7th Ministry of the Government of Western Australia Dalgleish Report , a study on racial segregation Dalgliesh-Gullane , a British built car Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Dalglish . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

135-507: A great deal of literature survives in it, including the early Irish law texts. Classical Gaelic , otherwise known as Early Modern Irish , covers the period from the 13th to the 18th century, during which time it was used as a literary standard in Ireland and Scotland. This is often called Classical Irish , while Ethnologue gives the name " Hiberno-Scottish Gaelic " to this standardised written language. As long as this written language

180-471: A local woman marries an outsider, this may result in the children being identified via the mother. Dòmhnall Chiorstan ("Kirsten's Donald") for instance would indicate a son called Donald with a mother called Kirsten. Goidelic languages The Goidelic ( / ɡ ɔɪ ˈ d ɛ l ɪ k / goy- DEL -ik ) or Gaelic languages ( Irish : teangacha Gaelacha ; Scottish Gaelic : cànanan Goidhealach ; Manx : çhengaghyn Gaelgagh ) form one of

225-713: A pre-existing Gaelic culture on both sides of the North Channel . Dál Riata grew in size and influence, and Gaelic language and culture was eventually adopted by the neighbouring Picts (a group of peoples who may have spoken a Brittonic language ) who lived throughout Scotland . Manx, the language of the Isle of Man , is closely akin to the Gaelic spoken in the Hebrides , the Irish spoken in northeast and eastern Ireland, and

270-461: Is an example of a borrowing (from Anglo-French Fresel ). The usage of patronymic surnames was much more varied than is generally assumed. Historically, clan surnames were used by the descendants or dependants of an ancestor but not generally by everyone in the clan territory. Only with the advent of a non-Gaelic speaking administration were clan surnames applied en-masse to people in a clan's territory. Patronymic surnames for men feature either

315-681: Is derived from Old Welsh Guoidel meaning "wild men, savages". The medieval mythology of the Lebor Gabála Érenn places its origin in an eponymous ancestor of the Gaels and the inventor of the language, Goídel Glas . The family tree of the Goidelic languages, within the Insular Celtic branch of the Celtic language family, is as follows During the historical era, Goidelic

360-500: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Scottish name Gaelic first names chiefly hail from 5 linguistic layers, Goidelic and 4 others, coinciding with the main languages of contact: Latin , Norse , Anglo-Norman and Scots . Unusually, male first names outnumber female first names by about a factor of 2:1. This layer can be broadly split into three main types: The first two categories were no longer productive for

405-516: Is proposed as the predecessor of Goidelic, which then began to separate into different dialects before splitting during the Middle Irish period into the separate languages of Irish , Manx , and Scottish Gaelic . Irish is one of the Republic of Ireland 's two official languages along with English . Historically the predominant language of the island, it is now mostly spoken in parts of

450-497: Is sometimes used to refer to Scottish Gaelic, especially in Scotland, and therefore is ambiguous. Irish and Manx are sometimes referred to as Irish Gaelic and Manx Gaelic (as they are Goidelic or Gaelic languages), but the use of the word "Gaelic" is unnecessary because the terms Irish and Manx, when used to denote languages, always refer to those languages. This is in contrast to Scottish Gaelic , for which "Gaelic" distinguishes

495-406: Is usually solved by using the first name of a man, followed by the first name of his father in the genitive case or by using the first name plus an epithet . So a man called James ( Seumas ) with a father called Neil ( Niall ) would become Seumas Nèill or Seumas a' Ghlinne ("James of the glen"). In the case of married women, the convention is normally to use bean ("wife") plus

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540-774: The Gaeltachtaí are primarily found in Counties Cork , Donegal , Mayo , Galway , Kerry , and, to a lesser extent, in Waterford and Meath . In the Republic of Ireland 1,774,437 (41.4% of the population aged three years and over) regard themselves as able to speak Irish to some degree. Of these, 77,185 (1.8%) speak Irish on a daily basis outside school. Irish is also undergoing a revival in Northern Ireland and has been accorded some legal status there under

585-695: The Canadian Gaelic dialect in Nova Scotia . Its historical range was much larger. For example, it was the everyday language of most of the rest of the Scottish Highlands until little more than a century ago. Galloway was once also a Gaelic-speaking region, but the Galwegian dialect has been extinct there for approximately three centuries. It is believed to have been home to dialects that were transitional between Scottish Gaelic and

630-617: The European Union . Ireland's national language was the twenty-third to be given such recognition by the EU and previously had the status of a treaty language. Some people in the north and west of mainland Scotland and most people in the Hebrides still speak Scottish Gaelic, but the language has been in decline. There are now believed to be approximately 60,000 native speakers of Scottish Gaelic in Scotland , plus around 1,000 speakers of

675-508: The word mac "son" (e.g. MacDhòmhnaill , lit. son of Donald) or the nominalizing suffix -ach (e.g. Dòmhnallach ). In the case of women, the word nic is used, a shortening of the full phrase nighean mhic "daughter of the son of"). Various other morphological changes (such as lenition or slenderization ) may apply in Gaelic, so the surname MacDonald for example may appear as MacDhòmhnaill , MhacDhòmhnaill , MhicDhòmhnaill , NicDhòmhnaill depending on

720-507: The 15th century, Scottis in Scottish English (or Scots Inglis ) was used to refer only to Gaelic, and the speakers of this language who were identified as Scots . As the ruling elite became Scots Inglis/English-speaking, Scottis was gradually associated with the land rather than the people, and the word Erse ('Irish') was gradually used more and more as an act of culturo-political disassociation, with an overt implication that

765-621: The 1607 Flight of the Earls (and the disappearance of much of the Gaelic nobility), Irish was spoken by the majority of the population until the later 18th century, with a huge impact from the Great Famine of the 1840s. Disproportionately affecting the classes among whom Irish was the primary spoken language, famine and emigration precipitated a steep decline in native speakers, which only recently has begun to reverse. The Irish language has been recognised as an official and working language of

810-499: The 1998 Good Friday Agreement but its official usage remains divisive to certain parts of the population. The 2001 census in Northern Ireland showed that 167,487 (10.4%) people "had some knowledge of Irish". Combined, this means that around one in three people ( c.  1.85 million ) on the island of Ireland can understand Irish at some level. Despite the ascent in Ireland of the English and Anglicised ruling classes following

855-480: The 19th and early 20th centuries. The Scottish Parliament has afforded the language a secure statutory status and "equal respect" (but not full equality in legal status under Scots law ) with English, sparking hopes that Scottish Gaelic can be saved from extinction and perhaps even revitalised. Long the everyday language of most of the Isle of Man , Manx began to decline sharply in the 19th century. The last monolingual Manx speakers are believed to have died around

900-409: The 20th century, recording their speech and learning from them. In the 2011 United Kingdom census , there were 1,823 Manx speakers on the island, representing 2.27% of the population of 80,398, and a steady increase in the number of speakers. Today Manx is the sole medium for teaching at five of the island's pre-schools by a company named Mooinjer veggey ("little people"), which also operates

945-518: The British Parliament Tom Dalgliesh (born 1945), owner of Columbia Games boardgame maker Walter Scott Dalgleish (1834–1897), British author Places [ edit ] Daglish, Western Australia , a suburb of Perth, Western Australia Daglish railway station , Perth, Western Australia Other uses [ edit ] Adam Dalgliesh , a character in novels by P. D. James Dalgliesh (TV series) ,

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990-557: The English/Scots forms are based on the Gaelic vocative case forms Sheumais [ˈheːmɪʃ] and Mhàiri [ˈvaːɾʲɪ] . Some names which did not acquire currency outside the Gaelic-speaking world were roughly transliterated into English, such as Gorm(sh)uil which is often rendered as "Gormelia". Others with no cognate were often equated with English/Scots names which bore some similarity to

1035-1023: The Gaelic name in order to obtain "English equivalents". This includes Oighrig which was equated with Euphemia or Henrietta , Dìorbhail with Dorothy , Beathag with Rebecca or Sophie . The majority of Gaelic surnames in the Highlands and western parts are patronymic in nature and of Goidelic extraction, although epithets, geography or occupation and borrowings also occur in some surnames. However, many surnames are derived from topographical features or place names, Such surnames include Caddenhead/ Cionnchadach , Cadell/ Cadalach , Cleghorne/ Clagarnach , Dalzell/ Dailghileach , Dalrimple/ Ruimpealach , Elphin/ Ailbhinneach , Inverbervie/ Biorbhach , Kelty/ Cailtidheach , Learmonth/ Learmonadhach , Ochiltree/ Ochailtreabhach and many more. Campbell/ Caimbeul "crooked mouth" and Cameron/ Camshron "crooked nose" are two examples of surnames based on epithets, while Fraser/ Frisealach

1080-528: The Mac/Mc variation). Scottish Gaelic does not put a space between the Mac/Nic and the second element, whereas in Irish, there is a space: Nicknames ( Scottish Gaelic : far-ainm , frith-ainm ) in Gaelic operate similarly to those in other languages and usually indicate a physical characteristic, an occupation, a location or an incident the person is associated and so forth. Some examples Due to

1125-670: The break-up of Classical Gaelic culture, ua / ó disappeared from Scottish surnames, sometimes replaced by mac . As a result of misspellings, one Gaelic surname often corresponds to numerous English/Scots forms, e.g. MacDhonnchaidh "son of Duncan" may appear as: Donagh(y), Donnagh, Dono(u)gh, MacConachie, MacConachy, MacConaghy, MacConchy, MacConechie, MacConkey, MacConnachie, MacConnechie, MacConnichie, MacConochie, MacConoughy, MacDona, MacDonachie, MacDonachy, MacDonaghy, MacDonaugh, MacDonnach, MacDonnagh, MacDonnoghie, MacDonogh, MacDonoghue, MacDonough, MacDunphy, MacKonochie, MacOnachie, MacOnechy, MacOnochie, Donohue or Donohoe (ignoring

1170-410: The donor language was Irish or Scottish Gaelic (e.g. Deirdre, Rory, Kennedy, Bridget/Bride, Aiden). On occasion, the same name was borrowed more than once due to misinterpretation of Gaelic morphology . For example, the names Hamish and Mhairi / ˈ v ɑː r i / are derived from Gaelic Seumas [ˈʃeːməs̪] and Màiri [ˈmaːɾʲɪ] but rather than borrowing the root forms,

1215-621: The grammatical context. In Classical Gaelic culture, clans could also feature the word ua (alt. ó ) "grandchild, descendant" (spelled ogha / oə / in Modern Gaelic), e.g. Ua Dhuibhne "Duibhne's descendant", the original surname of the Campbells (Duibhne was a Celtic goddess). In speaking, ua / ó in names became reduced to [ə], as happened also in Northern Irish and Manx, and disappeared from Anglicised forms. With

1260-658: The husband's first name and father's first name, in our example resulting in Bean Sheumais Nèill ("the wife of Neil's James"). The (fictitious) family tree below illustrates this custom. Historically, such an identifying name would take the mac "son" element, e.g. Dòmhnall mac Sheumais mac Nèill ("Donald son of James son of Neill") but in modern usage, this is usually dropped, resulting in Dòmhnall Sheumais Nèill . Identifying names sometimes use female reference points, for example if

1305-625: The language from the Germanic language known as Scots . In English, it is common to have distinct pronunciations of the word, with Scottish Gaelic pronounced / ˈ ɡ æ l ɪ k / compared to Irish and Manx Gaelic pronounced / ˈ ɡ eɪ l ɪ k / . The endonyms ( Gaeilge , Gaelic and Gaolainn in Irish, Gaelg in Manx and Gàidhlig in Scottish Gaelic) are derived from Old Irish Goídelc , which in turn

1350-518: The language was not really Scottish, and therefore foreign. This was something of a propaganda label, as Gaelic has been in Scotland for at least as long as English, if not longer. In the early 16th century the dialects of northern Middle English , also known as Early Scots , which had developed in Lothian and had come to be spoken elsewhere in the Kingdom of Scotland , themselves later appropriated

1395-513: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dalglish&oldid=1237411232 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Anglicised Scottish Gaelic-language surnames Surnames of Scottish origin Surnames of British Isles origin Hidden categories: Short description

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1440-495: The middle of the 19th century; in 1874 around 30% of the population were estimated to speak Manx, decreasing to 9.1% in 1901 and 1.1% in 1921. The last native speaker of Manx, Ned Maddrell , died in 1974. At the end of the 19th century a revival of Manx began, headed by the Manx Language Society ( Yn Çheshaght Ghailckagh ). Both linguists and language enthusiasts searched out the last native speakers during

1485-667: The most part towards the end of the Old Irish period but the last type persisted, reinforced by the coinage of ecclesiastical names following Christianization. Quite a number of names still common hail from the period of Norse contact: Names from this layer include: Scots names which have been borrowed into Gaelic include: Names which were borrowed from Latin include: A fair number of Gaelic names were borrowed into English or Scots at different periods (e.g. Kenneth, Duncan, Donald, Malcolm, Calum, Lachlan, Alasdair, Iain, Eilidh), although it can sometimes be difficult to tell if

1530-559: The name Scots . By the 17th century Gaelic speakers were restricted largely to the Highlands and the Hebrides. Furthermore, the culturally repressive measures taken against the rebellious Highland communities by The Crown following the second Jacobite Rebellion of 1746 caused still further decline in the language's use – to a large extent by enforced emigration (e.g. the Highland Clearances ). Even more decline followed in

1575-531: The now-extinct Galwegian Gaelic of Galloway (in southwest Scotland), with some influence from Old Norse through the Viking invasions and from the previous British inhabitants. The oldest written Goidelic language is Primitive Irish , which is attested in Ogham inscriptions from about the 4th century. The forms of this speech are very close, and often identical, to the forms of Gaulish recorded before and during

1620-898: The pseudonym Dalglish David Dalgleish (born 1962), Australian politician Dick Dalgleish (1880–1955), New Zealand cricketer Edward R. Dalglish , Biblical scholar and professor Eric Fitch Daglish (1892–1966), British artist and author Grant Dalgliesh (born 1975), American game designer Henry Daglish (1866–1920), sixth Premier of Western Australia Kelly Dalglish (born 1975), British television presenter Kenny Dalglish (born 1951), Scottish football player and manager Malcolm Dalglish (born 1952), American composer Murray Dalglish (born 1968), Scottish musician Nicol Dalgleish , Church of Scotland representative in 1591 Paul Dalglish (born 1977), Scottish football player, son of Kenny Richard Dalgliesh  [ fr ] (1844–1922), British industrialist and engineer Robert Dalglish (politician) (1808–1880), Member of

1665-426: The relative paucity of names and surnames in Gaelic, the official name of a person (i.e. first name plus a surname, in Gaelic or English/Scots) is rarely used in Gaelic speaking communities as, with a small number of surnames usually predominating in an area, there are usually several people who go by the same combination, for example John MacLeod might apply to several people in the same village. In everyday life, this

1710-591: The sole Manx-medium primary school, the Bunscoill Ghaelgagh . Manx is taught as a second language at all of the island's primary and secondary schools and also at the University College Isle of Man and Centre for Manx Studies . Comparison of Goidelic numbers, including Old Irish. Welsh numbers have been included for a comparison between Goidelic and Brythonic branches. * un and daa are no longer used in counting. Instead

1755-495: The south, west, and northwest. The legally defined Irish-speaking areas are called the Gaeltacht ; all government institutions of the Republic, in particular the parliament ( Oireachtas ), its upper house ( Seanad ) and lower house ( Dáil ), and the prime minister ( Taoiseach ) have official names in this language, and some are only officially referred to by their Irish names even in English. At present,

1800-475: The time of the Roman Empire . The next stage, Old Irish , is found in glosses (i.e. annotations) to Latin manuscripts —mainly religious and grammatical—from the 6th to the 10th century, as well as in archaic texts copied or recorded in Middle Irish texts. Middle Irish, the immediate predecessor of the modern Goidelic languages, is the term for the language as recorded from the 10th to the 12th century;

1845-531: The two groups of Insular Celtic languages , the other being the Brittonic languages . Goidelic languages historically formed a dialect continuum stretching from Ireland through the Isle of Man to Scotland . There are three modern Goidelic languages: Irish ( Gaeilge ), Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig ), and Manx ( Gaelg ). Manx died out as a first language in the 20th century but has since been revived to some degree. Gaelic , by itself,

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1890-645: The two other Goidelic languages. While Gaelic was spoken across the Scottish Borders and Lothian during the early High Middle Ages it does not seem to have been spoken by the majority and was likely the language of the ruling elite, land-owners and religious clerics. Some other parts of the Scottish Lowlands spoke Cumbric , and others Scots Inglis , the only exceptions being the Northern Isles of Orkney and Shetland where Norse

1935-445: Was restricted to Ireland and, possibly, the west coast of Scotland . Medieval Gaelic literature tells us that the kingdom of Dál Riata emerged in western Scotland during the 6th century. The mainstream view is that Dál Riata was founded by Irish migrants, but this is not universally accepted. Archaeologist Ewan Campbell says there is no archaeological evidence for a migration or invasion, and suggests strong sea links helped maintain

1980-583: Was spoken. Scottish Gaelic was introduced across North America with Gaelic settlers. Their numbers necessitated North American Gaelic publications and print media from Cape Breton Island to California. Scotland takes its name from the Latin word for 'Gael', Scotus , plural Scoti (of uncertain etymology). Scotland originally meant Land of the Gaels in a cultural and social sense. (In early Old English texts, Scotland referred to Ireland.) Until late in

2025-512: Was the norm, Ireland was considered the Gaelic homeland to the Scottish literati . Later orthographic divergence has resulted in standardised pluricentristic orthographies. Manx orthography, which was introduced in the 16th and 17th centuries, was based loosely on English and Welsh orthography, and so never formed part of this literary standard. Proto-Goidelic, or Proto-Gaelic, is the proposed proto-language for all branches of Goidelic. It

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