84-642: The Richard J. Daley Center , also known by its open courtyard Daley Plaza and named after longtime mayor Richard J. Daley , is the premier civic center of the City of Chicago in Illinois . The Center's modernist skyscraper primarily houses offices and courtrooms for the Cook County Circuit Courts , Cook County State's Attorney and additional office space for the City and the County. It
168-419: A Babylonian holding grain and a Native American holding corn. Similar figures are repeated at the uppermost corners of the central tower, just below the sloping roof. About 30 ft (9.1 m) above street level, representations of bulls protrude directly from the limestone cladding on the building's north side and to a lesser degree on the east side, a reference to a bull market . The central structure
252-510: A Chicago Landmark on May 4, 1977, the building was listed as a National Historic Landmark on June 2, 1978. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 16, 1978. The advent of steel frame structural systems allowed completely vertical construction; but as with many skyscrapers of the era, the exterior was designed with multiple setbacks at increasing heights, which served to allow additional light into
336-630: A metonym for the office and power of the mayor. The mayor of Chicago is elected by popular vote every four years, on the last Tuesday in February. A run-off election, in case no candidate garners more than fifty percent of the vote, is held on the first Tuesday in April. The election is held on a non-partisan basis. Chicago is the largest city in the United States not to limit the term of service for its mayor. In accordance with Illinois law,
420-513: A 9 ft (2.7 m) copper weather vane in the shape of a ship. The interiors were finished in mahogany and frescoed. Construction cost was $ 1.8 million. With four elevators and a great hall measuring 152 ft × 161 ft × 80 ft (46 m × 49 m × 24 m), decorated by a stained-glass skylight and ornate stone balusters , it was the first commercial building in Chicago to have electric lighting. It
504-469: A city and headed by mayors. The mayoral term in Chicago was one year from 1837 through 1863, when it was changed to two years. In 1907, it was changed again, this time to four years. Until 1861, municipal elections were held in March. In that year, legislation moved them to April. In 1869, however, election day was changed to November, and terms expiring in April of that year were changed. In 1875, election day
588-838: A competitor of the CBOT formerly known as Eurex US, announced a move from the Sears Tower into the 14th floor of the CBOT building. Originally built for the Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT), it became the primary trading venue for the derivatives exchange , the CME Group , formed in 2007 by the merger of the CBOT and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange . In 2012, the CME Group sold the CBOT Building to
672-585: A consortium of real estate investors, including GlenStar Properties LLC and USAA Real Estate Company. The CBOT building has been the site of a number of visits by dignitaries, including the Prince of Wales in October 1977. In 1991, George H. W. Bush became the first President of the United States to visit the Exchange, where he delivered a speech from the soybean pit regarding the importance of agriculture to
756-408: A consortium of real estate investors, including GlenStar Properties LLC and USAA Real Estate Company. The CBOT has been located at the site since 1885. A building designed by William W. Boyington stood at the location from 1885 to 1929 , being the tallest building in Chicago from its construction until its clock tower was removed in 1895. The Boyington building became unsound in the 1920s and
840-524: A field of grain underwent extensive restoration in Spring Grove, Illinois , by Louis Pomerantz before being displayed in the atrium of the 1980s addition. According to the June 16, 1930, issue of Time magazine, visitors carrying ripened wheat heads stared in curiosity at the six-story tall trading room directly above the lobby and behind the large windows below the clock facing LaSalle Street. At
924-467: A joint venture between GlenStar Properties LLC and USAA Real Estate Co. The CME will retain ownership of the smaller east building at 333 S. LaSalle St. CME signed a 15-year lease for the 150,000 square feet (14,000 m ) it occupies in the two towers. The LaSalle Street canyon is home to other historic buildings including the Rookery Building , a National Historic Landmark considered to be
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#17327726959141008-754: A minor celebrity. Adjacent to the Richard J. Daley Plaza is the landmark City Hall-County Building . Declared a National Historic Landmark and listed on the National Register of Historic Places , it houses offices for the Mayor of Chicago , alderpersons of Chicago's various wards , and chambers for the Chicago City Council . Directly south of the Daley Center is the Cook County Administration Building which
1092-506: A parking lot at Danada Forest Preserve for several years, both were returned to the CBOT building's plaza and rededicated on June 9, 2005. In September 2011, the intersection of LaSalle Street and Jackson Boulevard in front of the building became the headquarters for the Occupy Chicago protest movement. On April 23, 2013, the CME Group sold the north and south towers of the building at 141 W. Jackson Blvd. for $ 151.5 million to
1176-479: A period again would house the world's largest trading floor. It was nicknamed the "Arboretum" by some in reference to expansion supporter CBOT Chairman Patrick H. Arbor. The expansion included price boards 600 feet (183 m) long and supported 12,000 computers, 6,000 voice devices, and 2,000 video devices requiring 27,000 miles (43,500 km) of cable. Collectively, the trading floors now encompass approximately 115,150 square feet (10,700 m ). The logo of
1260-641: A room over the Gage and Haines Flour Store. When 122 members were added in 1856, it was moved to the corner of South Water and LaSalle Streets . After another temporary relocation west on South Water Street in 1860, the first permanent home was established within the Chamber of Commerce Building on the corner of LaSalle and Washington Streets in 1865. In 1871, the Great Chicago Fire destroyed this building. The exchange temporarily reopened two weeks after
1344-610: A significant example of modernist Chicago architecture . The main building was designed in the International Style of the Second Chicago School by Jacques Brownson of the firm C. F. Murphy Associates as supervising architects, with Skidmore, Owings & Merrill and Loebl, Schlossman, Bennett & Dart as associated architects, and was completed in 1965. At the time it was the tallest building in Chicago , but only held this title for four years until
1428-575: A wheat and cotton speculator who went bankrupt during the Great Depression . One goddess represents agriculture and is shown standing with wheat and leaning on a cornucopia . The other represents industry and appears with the bow of a ship and an anvil. The statues were found in 1978 near Glen Ellyn, Illinois by the Forest Preserve District of DuPage County , on land acquired from Cutten's estate. After being displayed in
1512-411: A year later, his assistant, Clinton Ghent took over the local show until it ended in 1976. Prior to Soul Train , shows filmed in the building were Kiddie A Go-Go , a dance show aimed at the pre-teen market which premiered in 1965 and Red Hot and Blues , a teen dance show hosted by local DJ Big Bill Hill which premiered in 1967. More recently, the building's interior and exterior portrayed the offices of
1596-531: Is a 44-story, 604-foot (184 m) Art Deco skyscraper located in the Chicago Loop , standing at the foot of the LaSalle Street canyon. Built in 1930 for the Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT), it has served as the primary trading venue of the CBOT and later the CME Group , formed in 2007 by the merger of the CBOT and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange . In 2012, the CME Group sold the CBOT Building to
1680-476: Is adjacent to the neoclassical City Hall-County Building , also on the plaza. The open granite-paved plaza used for gatherings, protests, and events is also the site of the Chicago Picasso , a gift to the city from the artist. Situated on Randolph Street and Washington Street between Dearborn Street and Clark Street , the Richard J. Daley Center, with its "majestic" interior spaces, is considered
1764-549: Is capped by a 6,500 pound, 31 ft (9.4 m) tall aluminum statue by sculptor John H. Storrs of the Roman goddess of grain, Ceres , holding a sheaf of wheat in the left hand and a bag of corn in the right hand, as a nod to the exchange's heritage as a commodities market. This statue was assembled from 40 pieces. Commissioned in 1930 but removed from the agricultural trading room in 1973 and stored until 1982, John W. Norton 's three-story mural of Ceres shown bare-breasted in
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#17327726959141848-527: Is full of office space for County employees. Block 37 containing 108 North State Street is to the east. Mayor of Chicago The mayor of Chicago is the chief executive of city government in Chicago, Illinois , the third-largest city in the United States . The mayor is responsible for the administration and management of various city departments, submits proposals and recommendations to
1932-409: Is the only Jewish American to have served as mayor. Harold Washington (1983–1987) was the first African American mayor. Lightfoot (2019–2023) was the city's first African American woman and first LGBT mayor. Brandon Johnson (2023–present) is the fourth African American mayor, Eugene Sawyer (1987–1989) having been selected by the council after Washington died in office. The mayor appoints
2016-691: Is the tallest flat-roofed building in the world with fewer than 40 stories (a typical 648-foot (198 m) building, the height of Daley Canter, would have 50–60 stories). The Richard J. Daley Center houses more than 120 court and hearing rooms as well as the Cook County Law Library, offices of the Clerk of the Circuit Court, and certain court-related divisions of the Sheriff's Department . The building also houses office space for both
2100-508: The Daily Planet newspaper in the 2013 Superman reboot film, Man of Steel . Although depicted with the tower in a Rand McNally map from 1893, later lithographs of the first 141 Jackson Street location display a red-roofed building without a tower. Memorabilia of the current building is abundant, with postcards of panoramic scenes from LaSalle Street, the clock, and lighted upper decks having been produced for decades. In views from
2184-516: The American economy . A visit from former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev followed on May 7, 1992. In 2006, former US President Jimmy Carter and wife Rosalynn toured the CBOT while campaigning for their son Jack 's run for a U.S. Senate seat from Nevada. During the 1996 Democratic National Convention , US Vice President Al Gore was hosted at the Exchange's Democratic Senatorial Campaign reception. When US President George W. Bush toured
2268-607: The Chicago Board of Trade Building as the location for the headquarters of Wayne Enterprises as in Batman Begins , film director Christopher Nolan used the Richard J. Daley Center. Farhad Khoiee-Abbasi , a public protester, is a frequent fixture at the southwest corner of the plaza, near City Hall. Khoiee-Abbasi has been photographed here many times, with his well-dressed appearance, his odd signs, and his general refusal to speak or acknowledge those around him making him
2352-399: The Chicago City Council , is active in the enforcement of the city's ordinances, submits the city's annual budget and appoints city officers, department commissioners or directors, and members of city boards and commissions. During sessions of the city council, the mayor serves as the presiding officer. The mayor is not allowed to vote on issues except in certain instances, most notably where
2436-531: The Chicago Water Tower . It faced Jackson Street with 180 ft (55 m) feet of frontage and was built from structural steel and granite taken from the Fox Island quarry near Vinalhaven, Maine . With a rear of enameled brick, it was 10 stories tall and featured a tower 320 ft (98 m) tall containing a large clock and 4,500 lb (2,000 kg; 320 st) bell, topped by
2520-626: The John Hancock Center was completed. Originally known as the Chicago Civic Center , the building was renamed for Mayor Daley on December 27, 1976, seven days after his death in office. The 648-foot (198 m), thirty-one story building features Cor-Ten , a self-weathering steel. Cor-Ten was designed to rust , actually strengthening the structure and giving the building its distinctive red and brown color. The Daley Center has 30 floors above its double height lobby, and
2604-554: The Metropolitan Pier and Exposition Authority . Under Richard M. Daley , the Illinois legislature granted the mayor power to appoint the governing board and chief executive officer of the Chicago Public Schools and subordinated the district to the mayor; the district had long been an independent unit of government. The Chicago City Clerk and City Treasurer of Chicago are elected separately, as are
Richard J. Daley Center - Misplaced Pages Continue
2688-727: The Museum Campus , the building's crown is framed by the middle floors of the taller Sears Tower in the background. Photographer Andreas Gursky has used the location for still life prints such as 1997's Chicago Board of Trade, I and 1999's Chicago Board of Trade, II . A photograph of the exterior, from the Museum series by Thomas Struth , is in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City. An often-reproduced painting by Leslie Ragan for
2772-570: The New York Central Railroad depicts streamliner locomotives idling at LaSalle Street Station with the Board of Trade Building looming prominently in the background. At 1211 North LaSalle Street on the city's Near North Side , a 16-story apartment hotel built in 1929 and converted into an apartment building in 1981 was used by muralist Richard Haas for trompe-l'œil murals in homage to Chicago School architecture. One of
2856-700: The Orange , Purple , Pink , and Brown Lines . Additionally, Blue Line service is provided at the Jackson and LaSalle stations, each two blocks away. Union Station stands five blocks to the west on Jackson Boulevard, providing terminal service for Amtrak and select service for Metra . Additional Metra service is provided at the LaSalle Street Station , two blocks due south. The CME Group occupied 33 percent of available space in 2006, while financial and trading concerns occupied 54 percent of
2940-425: The city and Cook County , of which the City of Chicago is its seat of government. The windows are cor-ten steel and bronze/white tinted. Daley Plaza is the courtyard adjacent to the building, occupying the southern half of the block occupied by the building. The plaza is dominated by an untitled Cor-ten steel 50-foot (15 m) sculpture by Pablo Picasso (usually called "The Picasso" ). Completed in 1967, it
3024-492: The 1893 World's Columbian Exposition . Two years later, the clock tower was removed and the " tallest building in Chicago " record was then held by the 302 ft (92 m) tall Masonic Temple Building . Built on caissons surrounded by muck , the trading house was rendered structurally unsound in the 1920s when construction began across the street on the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago . The 1885 building
3108-444: The 50 alderpersons who form the city council. The mayor is empowered, however, to fill vacancies in any of these 52 elected offices by appointment. In turn, the city council elects one of its own to fill a mayoral vacancy. By charter, Chicago has a " weak-mayor " system, in which most of the power is vested in the city council. In practice, however, the mayor of Chicago has long been one of the most powerful municipal chief executives in
3192-451: The 605 ft (184 m) tall art deco-styled building opened on June 9, 1930. It serves as the southern border for the skyscrapers hugging LaSalle Street and is taller than surrounding structures for several blocks. The Chicago Board of Trade has operated continuously on its fourth floor since the 1930 opening, dedicating 19,000 square feet (1,800 m ) to what was then the world's largest trading floor. Built in 1930 and first designated
3276-633: The Board of Trade Building is digitally amalgamated with the Royal Liver Building to portray the Gotham City Police Department's headquarters. WCIU-TV broadcasts First Business with news of the Chicago Board of Trade. Former WVON-AM radio personality Don Cornelius began the popular dance show Soul Train in a cramped studio on the 43rd floor in 1970. When Cornelius moved the show to Los Angeles
3360-410: The CBOT represents a trading pit, and appears prominently on stonework facing Clark Street and on street-level barriers at the service entrance on Van Buren Street. The addition has a twelve-story atrium and melds historical and contemporary design with art deco references such as setbacks, central tower, symmetrical projecting wings, pyramidal roof and abstract cascade and scallop lobby design. Between
3444-464: The Chicago Board of Trade commissioned Holabird & Root to design the current building. The general contractors Hegeman & Harris built it for $ 11.3 million, although the reported twenty-year mortgage value was $ 12 million. Clad in gray Indiana limestone , topped with a copper pyramid roof, and standing on a site running 174 ft (53 m) east–west on Jackson Boulevard and 240 ft (73 m) north–south on LaSalle Street,
Richard J. Daley Center - Misplaced Pages Continue
3528-535: The Moon . In Batman Begins , the Board of Trade Building represents the headquarters of Wayne Enterprises , but in the 2008 sequel, The Dark Knight , Wayne Enterprises was represented by the Richard J. Daley Center . The building itself appears in The Dark Knight . The building was once again used to represent Wayne Enterprises in the television show Batwoman . In the 2022 reboot The Batman ,
3612-475: The absence of the mayor during meetings of the city council, the president pro tempore of the city council, who is a member of and elected by the city council, acts as presiding officer. Unlike the mayor, the president pro tempore can vote on all legislative matters. If neither the mayor nor pro tempore can preside, the vice mayor presides. Between 1833 and 1837, Chicago was incorporated as a town and headed by town presidents. Since 1837, it has been incorporated as
3696-422: The agricultural and financial trading floors out of the original trading room and into new spaces in the additions to the building's rear in the 1980s. In 2004, the historic 1930 trading floor, already substantially altered (and unused for more than two years), was demolished and its pits filled with concrete. It was renovated in a modern style and is now leased to a privately owned options trading firm. In 1980,
3780-583: The agricultural trading floor on January 6, 2006, he was hailed from the corn trading pit with "Hook 'em, Horns!" , a reference to his adopted home state of Texas. Interest groups such as the Chicago Architecture Foundation and Inside Chicago Walking Tours provide scheduled tours showcasing the architecture and selected portions of the trading operations. The 1885 building and trading pits were prominently featured in The Pit ,
3864-448: The art deco era, elevator modernization, façade renovation and cleaning, and the continued renovation of upper floor corridors and hallways. Though impractically small for modern use, mailboxes in the lobby were restored to their original condition to follow the theme of vertical lines found throughout the complex. An improved electrical infrastructure, with ten main feeds from seven different Commonwealth Edison electrical substations ,
3948-487: The building opening was marched on by a sizable column of Chicago labor activists, under the International Working People's Association banner and led by Albert Parsons , Lucy Parsons , and Lizzie Holmes . "The building, on which two million dollars had been lavished in the midst of an economic depression, was denounced by the anarchists as ... the crowning symbol of all that was hateful in
4032-448: The building. The building is a popular sightseeing attraction and location for shooting movies, and its owners and management have won awards for efforts to preserve the building and for office management. The building was listed as a Chicago Landmark in 1977 and a National Historic Landmark and National Register of Historic Places honoree in 1978. On April 3, 1848, the Board of Trade opened for business at 101 South Water Street, in
4116-499: The center of the room, Time reported on the items being traded in "pits" organized based on commodities type with pits names such as the corn pit, soybean pit or wheat pit. The individual pits are raised octagonal structures where open outcry trading occurs. Steps up the outside of each octagon provide an amphitheater atmosphere, and enable a large number of traders to see each other and communicate during trading hours. With early versions dating back to 1870, this type of trading pit
4200-419: The city council elects a vice mayor who serves as interim mayor in the event of a vacancy in the office of the mayor or the inability of the mayor to serve due to illness or injury, until the city council elects one of its members acting mayor or until the mayoral term expires. However, if a vacancy occurs in the office of mayor with more than 28 months remaining in the mayoral term and at least 130 days before
4284-515: The city council elects a vice mayor who serves as interim mayor in the event of a vacancy in the office of the mayor or the inability of the mayor to serve due to illness or injury, until the city council elects one of its members acting mayor or until the mayoral term expires. The current vice mayor is Walter Burnett . The position was created by a state law that was passed in response to the power struggle that took place over succession following Richard J. Daley 's death in office . If neither
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#17327726959144368-887: The commissioner of the Chicago Fire Department , the superintendent of the Chicago Police Department and the heads of other departments, the largest of which are the Water Management Department (formed by the consolidation of the former Water Department and Sewer Department under Richard M. Daley ), and the Streets & Sanitation Department. The mayor also appoints members to the boards of several special-purpose governmental bodies including City Colleges of Chicago , Chicago Park District , Chicago Public Library , Chicago Housing Authority , Chicago Transit Authority , and
4452-793: The ever-deepening concrete valleys in urban cores. At night, the setbacks are upwardly lit by floodlights, further emphasizing the structure's vertical elements. The night illumination design was a common contemporary Chicago architectural theme, seen also in the Wrigley Building , the Jewelers Building , the Palmolive Building , the LaSalle-Wacker Building , and the Tribune Tower . Interior decoration includes polished surfaces throughout,
4536-534: The fire in a 90 feet (27 m) wooden building known as " the Wigwam " at the intersection of Washington and Market Streets, before reclaiming its home in a new building constructed at the Chamber of Commerce site one year later. In 1882, construction began on the CBOT's new home, which opened at the current location on May 1, 1885. The building was designed by William W. Boyington , best known today for his work on
4620-530: The government. Completed in 2001, an award-winning green roof was incorporated into the structure. All of the structures are designated as Chicago Landmarks. Other nearby buildings of note include the Continental Commercial National Bank, now called 208 South LaSalle Street, which broke records in 1911 as the city's most expensive development, with a cost exceeding $ 10 million. The Rand-McNally Building that had served as
4704-550: The headquarters of the World's Columbian Exposition was demolished to accommodate the structure. The Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago , at 230 South LaSalle Street, was built in a Greco-Roman style and contained the largest vaults in the world and one of the first building-wide wired communication systems. Both the Federal Reserve Bank and 208 South LaSalle demonstrate the popularity of neoclassical architecture during
4788-609: The late 19th and early 20th centuries and were meant to project a sense of financial security. One mile (1.6 km) west of Lake Michigan and in the southwest corner of the Loop, the building is near two elevated stations of the Chicago 'L' . The Quincy station is one block to the west and the LaSalle/VanBuren station is between the CBOT and the Chicago Stock Exchange; both stations are served by
4872-496: The mayor nor president pro tempore can preside over a City Council meeting, then the vice mayor presides. The position was long considered to be largely ceremonial. However, in 2023, Mayor Brandon Johnson successfully championed a resolution that gave the office a $ 400,000 budget. He also had his vice mayor, Burnett, act as an official community liaison for the mayoral administration. Chicago Board of Trade Building Floor count = 44 The Chicago Board of Trade Building
4956-468: The meeting place for Chicago's Critical Mass ride. The plaza was used extensively in the climactic scenes of the 1980 film The Blues Brothers . The interior of the building, as well as the plaza, the Picasso , and the neighboring James R. Thompson Center are also featured in the 1993 film The Fugitive and in 2006's The Lake House . While filming the movie The Dark Knight , instead of using
5040-474: The nation. Unlike in most other weak-mayor systems, the mayor has the power to draw up the budget. For most of the 20th century, before the decline of patronage and the mayor's office becoming officially nonpartisan in 1999, the mayor was the de facto leader of the city's Democratic Party, and had great influence over the ward organizations. Located in City Hall , "the fifth floor" is sometimes used as
5124-419: The next general municipal election, then a special election must be held to choose a new mayor to serve out the remainder of the term at that general municipal election; if a vacancy occurs with fewer than 28 months remaining in the mayoral term or fewer than 130 days before the next general municipal election, then the acting mayor serves as mayor until the mayoral term expires. The order-of succession involving
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#17327726959145208-473: The oldest standing high-rise . A 1907 renovation included a lobby remodeled by Frank Lloyd Wright in the Prairie School style. The name rookery comes from the previous building on the property which became home to many birds, especially pigeons. The nearby Reliance Building was the first skyscraper to have large plate glass windows comprise the majority of its surface area, and One North LaSalle
5292-579: The original and new buildings, where there was formerly a street, a wide street-level walkway connects the plaza on LaSalle Street to Van Buren Street in what would ordinarily be the building's first floor. Passing over the Van Buren Street elevated tracks, a green glass-enclosed steel-frame bridge connects the lower southwest corner of the 23 story addition to the Chicago Board Options Exchange (although this bridge
5376-431: The owners added a 275 ft (84 m) 23-story expansion to the south side of the building. It was topped by an octagonal ornament shaped similarly to the terraced trading pits and was designed in a postmodern style by Helmut Jahn . Colored black and silver, with a sunlit atrium on the 12th floor facing the south wall of the older structure, the annex provided a four-story granite lined agricultural trading floor, then
5460-403: The private property system." The procession were cheered by thousands of spectators. Their access to the Board of Trade was blocked by a phalanx of police, first at Jackson, then at LaSalle, finally coming to within a half-block of the building, "bathed in a sea of electric light only recently installed for the occasion". Viewing galleries were opened to the public for the first time in honor of
5544-570: The room. Although the building was commissioned for the Chicago Board of Trade, its first tenant was the Quaker Oats Company , which moved in on May 1, 1930. Sculptural work by Alvin Meyer, the one-time head of Holabird & Root's sculpture department, is prominent on the building's façade , and represents the trading activities within. On each side of the 13 ft (4.0 m) diameter clock facing LaSalle Street are hooded figures,
5628-667: The second novel by Frank Norris in The Epic of the Wheat trilogy. Life on the trading floor of the Chicago Board of Trade is detailed in the nonfiction book Leg the Spread by Cari Lynn (2004). Trading operations have been used as scenes in movies such as Ferris Bueller's Day Off , and the streetscape in the LaSalle Street canyon is used in the movies The Untouchables , Road to Perdition , and Transformers: Dark of
5712-423: The three-building complex. In addition to Ceres Cafe on the first floor of the lobby, other businesses provide banking, insurance, travel services, beauty services, and healthcare. Some business have been in the building for over 40 years, and throughout its history, commodities speculators , such as "Prince of the Pit" Richard Dennis , have maintained offices in the building. In 2007, the U.S. Futures Exchange ,
5796-410: The use of black and white marble, prominent vertical hallway trim, and an open three-story lobby which at the time of opening housed the world's largest light fixture . Though One LaSalle Street had five more floors, the CBOT building was the first in Chicago to exceed a height of 600 ft (180 m). After surpassing the Chicago Temple Building , it was the tallest in Chicago until the Daley Center
5880-415: The vice mayor was made concrete following disputes that arose in the aftermath of the death in office of Richard J. Daley , and was subsequently implemented following the death in office of Harold Washington , which saw Vice Mayor David Orr become acting mayor. Prior to this, the city had vague succession laws which indicated that the president pro tempore of the City Council would succeed as mayor. This
5964-597: The vote taken on a matter before the body results in a tie. The office of mayor was created when Chicago became a city in 1837. The first mayor was William B. Ogden (1837–1838). Forty-six men and two women ( Jane Byrne , 1979–1983, and Lori Lightfoot , 2019–2023), have held the office. Two sets of father and son have been elected Mayor of Chicago: Carter Harrison, Sr. (1879–1887, 1893) and Carter Harrison, Jr. (1897–1905, 1911–1915), as well as Richard J. Daley (1955–1976) and Richard M. Daley (1989–2011). Carter Harrison, Jr.
6048-550: The world's largest at 32,000 square feet (2,970 m ). Even as the Sydney Futures Exchange and other markets were ceasing outcry trading, Mayor Richard M. Daley led the groundbreaking on January 17, 1995, for additional expansion into a five-story building to the east designed by architects Fujikawa Johnson and structural engineers TT-CBM. When opened in 1997, the $ 175 million structure would add 60,000 square feet (5,570 m ) of trading space and for
6132-546: Was a gift to the City of Chicago from the artist. Though controversial for its abstract form, it quickly became a Chicago landmark. The plaza also features an in-ground fountain and an eternal flame memorial to the dead from World War I, World War II, the Korean War and the Vietnam War. The plaza serves as a location for many civic functions including weekly farmers' markets in the summer, regular ethnic festivals, and
6216-427: Was added in addition to redundant cooling systems and upgraded telecommunications capabilities. When the old CBOT building was demolished in 1929, two 4.5 short tons (4.0 long tons ; 4.1 t ) 12 ft (3.7 m) tall gray granite statues of classically styled goddesses were moved from the second floor ledge above the main entrance into the gardens of the 500-acre (2.0 km ) estate of Arthur W. Cutten ,
6300-460: Was also the first building in the city to exceed 300 ft (91 m) in height and at the time was the tallest building in Chicago. The building's formal dedication ceremonies, which were described by a contemporary as "brilliant and imposing", took place on April 29, 1885, and were attended by over four thousand persons including dignitaries from around the world. The building attracted tourists, visitors, and protesters. The inaugural banquet for
6384-462: Was closed to pedestrian traffic in the wake of the September 11, 2001 attacks for security reasons). In 2005, the building underwent an extensive $ 20 million renovation directed by Chicago architect Gunny Harboe, whose restoration work included Loop landmarks the Rookery Building and Reliance Building . The project included restoration of the main lobby to emphasize the design features of
6468-513: Was completed in 1965. Known for its work on the Brooklyn Bridge , the family-operated factory of John A. Roebling supplied all of the cables used in the building's 23 Otis elevators . Beneath the main trading floor, over 2,700 miles (4,300 km) of telephone and telegraph wires were once hidden. No less than 150,000 miles (240,000 km) of wires (considered possibly the most direct long-distance wire from any building) once ran from
6552-465: Was demolished in 1929, replaced by the current building designed by Holabird & Root . The current building was itself Chicago's tallest until 1965, when it was surpassed by the Richard J. Daley Center . The current structure is known for its Art Deco architecture, sculptures and large-scale stone carving , as well as large trading floors . An aluminum, three-story Art Deco statue of Ceres , goddess of agriculture (particularly grain), caps
6636-547: Was for some time one of Chicago's tallest buildings. Both the Reliance Building and One North LaSalle are on the National Register of Historic Places. Since 1853, the governments of Chicago and Cook County have shared three different buildings at the north end of the canyon. The current Chicago City Hall , built in a Classical Revival style, was designed to symbolize the strength, dignity, and vigor of
6720-648: Was moved back to April by the city's vote to operate under the Cities and Villages Act of 1872 . 1 month 1.5 months 6 months 8 months 7 months 4 months 11 months 8 months 4 months 7 months 4.5 months (5 elected) 1 month Died/murdered in office. Since 1999, mayoral elections have officially been nonpartisan. A 1995 Illinois law stipulated that "candidates for mayor ... no longer would run under party labels in Chicago". However, Richard M. Daley, Rahm Emanuel, Lori Lightfoot, and Brandon Johnson are known to be Democrats. In accordance with Illinois law,
6804-546: Was not followed after the death of Daley, and the city council appointed Michael Bilandic acting mayor instead of having pro tempore Wilson Frost become mayor, due to City Corporation Counsel William R. Quinlan ruling that, since the city did not have a statute specifically outlining succession, the City Council would need to elect the interim mayor. Six instances have seen the City Council appoint either an acting mayor, acting mayor pro tempore, or interim mayor. In
6888-416: Was patented in 1878. The trading area is surrounded by desks allowing workers to support transactions. In the early days, the desks served as a relay point between the pits and those wishing to buy or sell. When trade orders and information began to be communicated by telegraph, Morse code operators were employed, later replaced by phone operators. Subsequent additions to the Board of Trade Building moved
6972-455: Was subsequently demolished in 1929, and the exchange temporarily moved to Van Buren and Clark while a new building was constructed at the LaSalle and Jackson site. The 1885 allegorical architectural sculptures of 35 ft (11 m) Industry and Agriculture , two figures of a four-piece set, were removed from the original building and now stand in a nearby pedestrian plaza. In 1925,
7056-410: Was the first mayor to have been born in the city. As an interim mayor, David Duvall Orr (1987) held the office for one week, the shortest time period. Richard M. Daley was elected six times becoming Chicago's longest-serving mayor, his 22 years surpassing his father's record of 21 years. The first Irish Catholic mayor was John Patrick Hopkins (1893–1895), and Rahm Emanuel (2011–2019)
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