The Damen Group is a Dutch defence, shipbuilding , and engineering conglomerate company based in Gorinchem , Netherlands.
67-475: Though it is a major international group doing business in 120 countries, it remains a private family-owned company. Damen Shipyards Group is a globally operating company with more than 50 shipyards, repair yards, and related companies − as well as numerous partner yards that can build Damen vessels locally. Since 1969 it has designed and built more than 5,000 vessels and delivers over 150 vessels annually. With over 30 shipyards and related companies worldwide, Damen
134-692: A 'Canadianized' version of the Damen Stan Patrol 4207 would be built by Irving Shipbuilding in Halifax , Nova Scotia for use by the Canadian Coast Guard in conjunction with the Royal Canadian Mounted Police . The Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans had originally wanted twelve patrol craft. Dutch Caribbean Coast Guard operates three Damen Stan Patrol 4100 vessels. On October 27, 2005,
201-532: A 900-foot (270 m) ridge, making a surprise attack by the British very difficult. Nanny became a folk hero among the Maroons and the slaves. While the British captured Nanny Town on more than one occasion, they were unable to hold on to it, in the wake of numerous guerrilla attacks from the Maroons. The Maroons waged a successful war against the British colonial forces over the course of a decade. When Nanny Town
268-433: A British supervisor in each town. In exchange, they agreed not to harbour new runaway slaves, but to help catch them for bounties. New Nanny Town was renamed Moore Town, possibly in 1760 after the governor Sir Henry Moore, 1st Baronet , during Tacky's War , which the Maroons helped to suppress. The first official reference to Moore Town in the colonial records was in 1760. By 1760, New Nanny Town, now known as Moore Town,
335-551: A free woman who may have even had her own slaves. Another version of her life tells that she was of royal African blood and came to Jamaica as a free woman. She may have been married to a Maroon man possibly named Adou, and had one Son name Kwashkwaku, nicknamed Granfara Puss. Relatives of poet John Agard claim descent from Nanny. According to one Maroon legend, Nanny's name was also Sarah "Matilda" Rowe, but that has not been verified. The Rowe family of Jamaica claim direct descent from Nanny. According to oral history, her second husband
402-445: A minimum horsepower or bollard pull, determined by the size of the escorted vessel. Most ports will have a number of tugs that are used for other purposes than ship assist, such as dredging operations, bunkering ships, transferring liquid products between berths, and cargo ops. These tugs may also be used for ship assist as needed. Modern ship assist tugs are "omni directional tugs" that employ propellers that can rotate 360 degrees without
469-682: A port in Hamburg. On a weekend in May, eight tugboats perform choreographed movements for about an hour to the tunes of waltz and other sorts of dance music. The Tugboat Roundup is a gathering of tugboats and other vessels in celebration of maritime industry. The Waterford Tugboat Roundup is held in the late summer at the confluence of the Hudson and Mohawk Rivers in Waterford, New York. The tugs featured are river tugs and other tugs re-purposed to serve on
536-572: A remnant to live to return to base to relay the story and horror of the encounter. When the British signed a treaty with Cudjoe in 1739, this success allowed them to offer a less favorable treaty to the Windward Maroons. Representatives of the British governor in Jamaica signed a treaty with the Windward Maroons in 1740, between the colonial authorities and Quao, who later became one of the leaders of Crawford's Town . This treaty between
603-409: A rudder, like azimuthal stern drives (ASD), azimuthal tractor drives (ATD), Rotor tugs (RT) or cycloidal drives (VSP)(as described below). River tugs are also referred to as towboats or pushboats. Their hull designs would make open ocean operations dangerous. River tugs usually do not have any significant hawser or winch. Their hulls feature a flat front or bow to line up with the rectangular stern of
670-413: A significant role in their successes. Having failed to defeat them on the battlefield, the British sued the Maroons for peace, signing a treaty with them on 20 April 1740. The treaty stopped the hostilities, provided state-sanctioned freedom for the Maroons, and granted 500 acres (202 ha) of land to Nanny and her followers. The village built through that land grant still stands, and is called Moore Town or
737-431: A slave but then escaped, perhaps even jumping off of the ship while it was offshore, while her sister Sekesu was enslaved. The legend states that Queen Nanny became mother of all Maroons and her sister Sekesu became mother of all enslaved in Jamaica. The oral traditions about her arrival in Jamaica maintain that she was always free, while Sekesu eventually died free in the mountains with Nanny. In another story, she came as
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#1732771935990804-543: A successful, mainly Dutch-oriented, shipyard for decades. Over the years they managed to build up a small, but loyal customer-base. Damen Shipyards Hardinxveld, located about 10 km from the Damen Group headquarters in Gorinchem, still exists today. It is specialised in designing and building workboats, especially 'multi cats' and shoalbusters. In 1969 Jan Damen's son, Kommer Damen, took over. On March 16, 2016,
871-862: Is a marine vessel that manoeuvres other vessels by pushing or pulling them, with direct contact or a tow line. These boats typically tug ships in circumstances where they cannot or should not move under their own power, such as in crowded harbors or narrow canals , or cannot move at all, such as barges , disabled ships, log rafts , or oil platforms . Some are ocean-going, and some are icebreakers or salvage tugs . Early models were powered by steam engines , which were later superseded by diesel engines . Many have deluge gun water jets, which help in firefighting , especially in harbours. Seagoing tugs (deep-sea tugs or ocean tugboats) fall into four basic categories: Compared with seagoing tugboats, harbour tugboats that are employed exclusively as ship assist vessels are generally smaller and their width-to-length ratio
938-522: Is a citation for "resolution, bravery and fidelity" awarded to "loyal slaves ... under the command of Captain Sambo", namely William Cuffee, who was rewarded for having fought the Maroons in the First Maroon War and who is called "a very good party Negro, having killed Nanny, the rebels old obeah woman". These hired soldiers were known as "Black Shots". However, it is unlikely that Cuffee killed
1005-471: Is a sturdy cylindrical structure around a special propeller having minimum clearance between the propeller blades and the inner wall of the Kort nozzle. The thrust-to-power ratio is enhanced because the water approaches the propeller in a linear configuration and exits the nozzle the same way. The Kort nozzle is named after its inventor, but many brands exist. The cycloidal propeller is a circular plate mounted on
1072-538: Is a tugboat in the animated series South Park . He appears in the episode " The New Terrance and Phillip Movie Trailer " as a sidekick for Russell Crowe in a fictitious television series entitled Fightin' Round The World with Russell Crowe . Tugger follows Crowe as he engages various people in physical conflicts, providing emotional support and comic relief. At one point Tugger even attempts to commit suicide, upon being forced to hear Russell Crowe's new musical composition. (Alphabetical by author) Nanny of
1139-689: Is based on the Damen 4708 design, and will be built by the Bollinger Shipyards of Lockport , Louisiana. The firm fixed-price contract for the first ship is worth €88m ( US$ 120m); the approximate maximum value of the contract, if all options are exercised for a total of 34 patrol boats, is €1.5 billion ($ 2 billion) over a period of between six and eight years. On September 2, 2009, the Ministry of Public Works and Government Services of Canada announced that nine mid-shore patrol ships based on
1206-508: Is involved in ship construction as well as maintenance and repair activities. It has a wide product range, including tugs , workboats, patrol craft, cargo vessels, dredgers , superyachts and fast ferries . Product design and engineering are carried out in-house and a broad range of designs are available. Damen was established in 1927 in the town of Hardinxveld-Giessendam in the Netherlands by Jan and Marinus Damen. The two brothers ran
1273-448: Is often higher, due to the need for the tugs' wheelhouse to avoid contact with the hull of a ship, which may have a pronounced rake at the bow and stern. In some ports there is a requirement for certain numbers and sizes of tugboats for port operations with gas tankers . Also, in many ports, tankers are required to have tug escorts when transiting in harbors to render assistance in the event of mechanical failure. The port generally mandates
1340-525: Is still practised in Suriname , Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago , Guyana , Barbados , Belize and other Caribbean countries. It is associated with both good and bad magic, charms, luck, and with mysticism in general. In some Caribbean nations, aspects of Obeah have survived through synthesis with Christian symbolism and practice introduced by European colonials and slave owners. According to Maroon oral history, Nanny's success in defending her people against
1407-646: Is the carousel tug , winner of the Maritime Innovation Award at the Dutch Maritime Innovation Awards Gala in 2006. It adds a pair of interlocking rings to the body of the tug, the inner on the boat, the outer on the ship by winch or towing hook. Since the towing point rotates freely, the tug is very difficult to capsize. Vintage tugboat races have been held annually in Olympia, Washington , since 1974 during
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#17327719359901474-519: The Congo and Madagascar . However, the origin of at least half of the enslaved African people in Jamaica during the early English colonisation of the island is uncertain. After being brought to Jamaica in the course of the Transatlantic slave trade , many enslaved Africans fled from the oppressive conditions of plantations and formed their own communities of free black people in Jamaica in
1541-515: The JDF Coast Guard commissioned HMJS Cornwall , the first of three Damen 4207 vessels (termed County class by the JDFCG). The second County-class vessel, HMJS Middlesex , was commissioned on April 7, 2006. The third and final vessel, HMJS Surrey , was commissioned on June 26, 2007. The vessels are dubbed County class as they are named after the three counties of Jamaica. On June 25, 2020,
1608-961: The JDF Coast Guard commissioned HMJS Nanny of the Maroons , a Damen FCS 5009 Cutter. The vessel is named after the Jamaican National Hero Nanny of the Maroons . The Marine Region of the Hong Kong Police Force is having Stan 2600 patrol boats built by Damen. Damen Mk I boats were used in Hong Kong and now retired after Keka-class patrol boats were delivered. In November 2011 the Ecuadorian Coast Guard ordered Damen Stan 2606 patrol vessels, to be built in Ecuador by Astinave . Damen Group has already delivered some Damen Stan 4207 patrol vessels for search and rescue missions managed by
1675-617: The Vietnam Maritime search and Rescue Coordination Center (VN MRCC) under the Vietnam National Maritime Bureau and reporting to the Ministry of Transport . The Vietnam Coast Guard also cooperated with Damen Group to build large vessels with Dutch license, such as one offshore patrol vessel 9014, one hydrographic survey vessel 6613, four salvage tugs 6412. These vessels will be built in Vietnam by
1742-656: The World Bank Group announced its debarment of Damen Shipyards Gorinchem for 18 months. As stated in a press release on the World Bank official website : "The company engaged in a fraudulent practice under the West Africa Regional Fisheries Program" The sanction follows an agreement between the World Bank and Damen Shipyards Gorinchem hence a reduced debarment of 18 months, as stated : "Damen has cooperated with
1809-522: The Z-drive or ( azimuth thruster ) was developed. Although sometimes referred to as the Aquamaster or Schottel system, many brands exist: Steerprop , Wärtsilä , Berg Propulsion , etc. These propulsion systems are used on tugboats designed for tasks such as ship docking and marine construction. Conventional propeller/rudder configurations are more efficient for port-to-port towing. The Kort nozzle
1876-459: The "New" Nanny Town. Modern members of Moore Town celebrate 20 April 1740 as a holiday, known informally in places today as "4/20" or "four-twenty". In 1975, the government of Jamaica declared Nanny their only female national hero by celebrating her success as a leader. Her image is printed on the Jamaican $ 500 note , which is referred to as a "Nanny". According to a Maroon legend espoused by
1943-546: The 2000s–2010s, used for towing container ships or similar, had around 60 to 65 short tons-force (530–580 kN) of bollard pull, which is described as 15 short tons-force (130 kN) above "normal" tugboats. Tugboats are highly manoeuvrable, and various propulsion systems have been developed to increase manoeuvrability and increase safety. The earliest tugs were fitted with paddle wheels , but these were soon replaced by propeller-driven tugs. Kort nozzles (see below) have been added to increase thrust-to-power ratio. This
2010-778: The Blue Mountains when the Spaniards first arrived in Jamaica. Maroon oral history maintains that her family arrived in 1640 and joined the existing Maroons, whose community allegedly existed about 150 years before the Spanish fled Jamaica. In 1655, following the Invasion of Jamaica , the English captured Jamaica from the Spaniards, but many Spanish slaves became free under Spanish Maroon leaders such as Juan de Bolas and Juan de Serras . The Spanish left, freeing their slaves in
2077-603: The British in the case of an attack from the French or Spanish. In signing treaties with the Maroons, the British not only made a truce with a troublesome foe but also enlisted that foe in capturing runaway slaves. The colonial authorities initially recognised two Maroon towns: Crawford's Town and Cudjoe's Town, later to be renamed Trelawny Town. Eventually, there were five Maroon towns in the 18th century – Accompong Town, Trelawny Town, Charles Town , Scott's Hall , and Nanny Town (later Moore Town) – living under their own chiefs with
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2144-556: The British into ambushes. A few Maroons would run out into view of the British and then run in the direction of fellow Maroons who were hidden and would attack. After falling into these ambushes several times, the British retaliated. According to planter Bryan Edwards , who wrote his narrative half a century later, Captain Stoddart "found the huts in which the negroes were asleep", and "fired upon them so briskly, that many were slain in their habitations". However, recent evidence shows that
2211-604: The British who had no similar communications capability. Nanny's troops were masters of camouflage. The soldiers were so proficient at disguising their location that the British would circulate tales of trees in the forest becoming alive and cutting one's head off. Besides the physical aspects of camouflage the Maroons became experts in slowing their breathing so as not to reveal their presence to someone in their vicinity. The maroons also developed ways of creating stealthy fires that were not readily visible. The Windward Maroons were innovators in guerrilla warfare. They used surprise,
2278-509: The First Maroon War. The rebuilt Nanny Town, later called Moore Town was built on that location. In 1781, the Assembly agreed to purchase another additional 500 acres from neighbouring planter Charles Douglas to increase Moore Town's communal land to 1,000 acres. The New Nanny Town Maroons, like those of Cudjoe and Quao, agreed not to harbour new runaway slaves, but to help catch them for bounties. The Maroons were also expected to fight for
2345-615: The Maroons Queen Nanny , Granny Nanny , or Nanny of the Maroons ONH (c. 1686 – c. 1760), was an early-18th-century freedom fighter and leader of the Jamaican Maroons . She led a community of formerly-enslaved escapees, the majority of them West African in descent, called the Windward Maroons, along with their children and families. At the beginning of the 18th century, under the leadership of Nanny,
2412-481: The Maroons of Accompong Town, Nanny was born into the Akan people in Blue Mountains of Jamaica, but it is also possible that she came from West Africa. Her father was allegedly one of 600 Akan people who came to Jamaica on a trading excursion with the Spaniards, when they were betrayed and sold into slavery in 1642. The legend claims that they eventually escaped and found refuge in the Blue Mountains, where they encountered
2479-541: The Nanny who ran Nanny Town, since there is evidence Moore Town was granted to her people under her leadership in 1740. Some claim that Queen Nanny lived to be an old woman, dying of natural causes in the 1760s. The exact date of her death remains a mystery. Part of the confusion is that "Nanny" is an honorific title, and many high-ranking women were called that in Maroon Town. However, the Maroons are adamant that there
2546-726: The New York State Canal System. Tugboat Annie was the subject of a series of Saturday Evening Post magazine stories featuring the female captain of the tugboat Narcissus in Puget Sound , later featured in the films Tugboat Annie (1933), Tugboat Annie Sails Again (1940) and Captain Tugboat Annie (1945). The Canadian television series The Adventures of Tugboat Annie was filmed in 1957. To date, there have been four children's shows revolving around anthropomorphic tugboats. "Tugger"
2613-931: The Olympia Harbor Days Maritime Festival Tugboat races are held annually on Elliott Bay in Seattle , on the Hudson River at the New York Tugboat Race , the Detroit River , and the Great Tugboat Race and Parade on the St. Mary's River . Since 1980, an annual tugboat ballet has been held in Hamburg harbour on the occasion of the festival commemorating the anniversary of the establishment of
2680-591: The Song Thu company. Damen Group has already delivered 3 of 12 vessels purchased by the Trinidad and Tobago Coast Guard . A coastal patrol vessel (CPV) CG 25, interceptor (vessel) and supply vessels were delivered in July to strengthen border security and stop the illegal flow of guns, ammunition and drugs into the country. Damen is a large group. Some of the group companies are: Tugboats A tugboat or tug
2747-571: The Windward Maroons fought a guerrilla war lasting many years against British authorities in the Colony of Jamaica , in what became known as the First Maroon War . Much of what is known about Nanny comes from oral history , as little textual evidence exists. According to Maroon legend, Queen Nanny was born in 1640 in Jamaica, the daughter of Prince Naquan of the Asante from Ghana , who
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2814-776: The World Bank’s investigation and has taken remedial action, including strengthening its corporate compliance program" Key figures and statistics for Damen Shipyards Group in/as of 2015 include: Annual turnover: 2.1 billion Euro Damen Shipyard Group: 32 yards worldwide Employees: 9,000 worldwide Annual deliveries 2015: 180 Total number of deliveries since 1969: Key Figures Damen Shiprepair & Conversion 2015 Annual turnover (2015) : 500 million EUR Damen Shiprepair & Conversion: 15 yards in 6 countries Employees: 1,500 The US Coast Guard Sentinel-class Fast Response Cutter (FRC-B) 153 feet (47 m) long, and capable of speeds of over 28 knots (52 km/h; 32 mph)
2881-517: The barge, often with large pushing knees. The first tugboat, Charlotte Dundas , was built by William Symington in 1801. It had a steam engine and paddle wheels and was used on rivers in Scotland. Paddle tugs proliferated thereafter and were a common sight for a century. In the 1870s schooner hulls were converted to screw tugs. Compound steam engines and scotch boilers provided 300 Indicated Horse Power. Steam tugs were put to use in every harbour of
2948-425: The collective pitch control and cyclic in a helicopter. Tugboat fenders are made of high-abrasion-resistance rubber with good resilience properties. They are very popular with small port craft owners and tug owners. These fenders are generally made from cut pieces of vehicle tires strung together. Often the fendering on the sides of the tug is composed of large heavy equipment or aircraft tires attached to or hung on
3015-437: The colonial authorities and Quao's Maroons made no mention of how much land would be allocated to Crawford's Town. As a result, a number of disputes occurred between planters and the Maroons of Crawford's Town, and later the succeeding towns of Charles Town and Scott's Hall. In response, the Assembly of Jamaica often tried to resolve the land disputes in favour of the Maroons to keep the peace. In addition, later that year, there
3082-465: The colonial forces was often attributed to her mysterious supernatural powers. According to legend, Nanny had magical powers, and could catch bullets and then redirect them back at the people who shot at her. Another Maroon legend claims that if any straight haired, white man, goes to the original Nanny Town, he is immediately struck dead. In the Journal of the Assembly of Jamaica , 29–30 March 1733,
3149-580: The eastern end of the island. Many Maroons were escaped slaves, who ran away from their Spanish-owned plantations when the British took the Caribbean island of Jamaica from Spain in 1655. However, many modern-day Maroons believe that The Maroons of Nanny Town belonged to a separate group that existed in the Mountains prior to 1655. They state that Queen Nanny's Maroons date back to the Tainos fleeing to
3216-579: The existing Taino Maroons who had been there since the time of Columbus. However, Nanny is associated with the Moore Town Maroons in the east, and not Accompong in western Jamaica. The notion that there are several versions of her early story stems from the fact that Maroons, like most Africans, deify their ancestors and use them as characters in folk tales. She is often the subject of many Maroon stories, and therefore there are numerous origin stories. In one Maroon story, Nanny came to Jamaica as
3283-496: The island to unite with the Leeward Maroons. In 1734, a Captain Stoddart attacked the remnants of Nanny Town, "situated on one of the highest mountains in the island", via "the only path" available: "He found it steep, rocky, and difficult, and not wide enough to admit the passage of two persons abreast." In addition to the use of the ravine, resembling what Jamaicans call a "cockpit", the Maroons also used decoys to trick
3350-422: The knowledge of the terrain, and cleverly chosen positions in their fight against the British. Their village was located in rugged territory with only one way in. That one way in was a narrow path that was only wide enough for one person. Soldiers trying to attack arrayed in a single file were easily ambushed. To heighten the enemy's fear, Nanny's forces never killed all of the attacking forces. She would always allow
3417-481: The leadership of the eastern Maroons with Quao , and Captain Cudjoe and Accompong in the west. The Windward Maroons fought the British on the east side of the island from their villages in the Blue Mountains of Portland. The community raised animals, hunted, and grew crops. Maroons at Nanny Town and similar communities survived by sending traders to the nearby market towns to exchange food for weapons and cloth. It
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#17327719359903484-484: The name Sarah, and sometimes Matilda. Oral history states that she had three children with Swipplemento; two sons Kojo Rowe and Ampong Rowe, and a daughter called Nanny as well. The maroons are descendants of West Africans, mainly people from the Akan . They were known as Coromantie or Koromantee, and were considered ferocious fighters. A number of the enslaved originated from other regions of Africa, including Nigeria ,
3551-511: The number of Windward Maroons killed by Stoddart in his attack on Nanny Town was in single digits. The Windward Maroons succeeded against a much superior and better armed enemy. One of their advantages over the British was their long-range communications capability. They pioneered the use of a cow horn called an abeng. This horn with a hole drilled in one end was used for long range communications. Its signals allowed Maroon lookouts to communicate over great distances, and they were not understood by
3618-534: The process, and they joined the Windward Maroon communities. These formerly enslaved people, with their ranks enhanced with escaped and liberated slaves, became the core of the Windward Maroons. They staged a prolonged fight against English subjugation and enslavement. Later in the 17th century, more slaves escaped joining the two main bands of Windward and Leeward Maroons. By the early 18th century, these Maroon towns were headed respectively by Nanny, who shared
3685-692: The rugged, hilly interior of the island. People who escaped from slavery joined these Maroon communities in the mountains of eastern Jamaica, or the Cockpit Country in the west of the island. Up to the 1650s under Spanish rule, enslaved Africans escaped and intermarried with the native islanders, the Taíno or Arawak , in their communities in the Blue Mountains (Jamaica) , located in Portland Parish and Saint Thomas Parish, Jamaica , in
3752-430: The same as those used in railroad locomotives , but typically drive the propeller mechanically instead of converting the engine output to power electric motors, as is common for diesel-electric locomotives. For safety, tugboat engines often feature two of each critical part for redundancy. A tugboat is typically rated by its engine's power output and its overall bollard pull . The largest commercial harbour tugboats in
3819-501: The side of the tug. Some fendering is compression moulded in high-pressure thermic-fluid-heated moulds and have excellent seawater resistance, but are not widely used owing to the cost. Tugboat bow fenders are also called beards or bow puds. In the past they were made of rope for padding to protect the bow, but rope rendering is almost never seen in recent times. Other types of tugboat fender include Tug cylindrical fender, W fender, M fender, D fender, and others. A recent Dutch innovation
3886-400: The underside of the hull, rotating around a vertical axis with a circular array of vertical blades (in the shape of hydrofoils ) that protrude out of the bottom of the ship. Each blade can rotate itself around a vertical axis. The internal mechanism changes the angle of attack of the blades in sync with the rotation of the plate, so that each blade can provide thrust in any direction, similar to
3953-470: The world towing and ship berthing. Tugboat diesel engines typically produce 500 to 2,500 kW ( ~ 680 to 3,400 hp ), but larger boats (used in deep waters) can have power ratings up to 20,000 kW (~ 27,200 hp) . Tugboats usually have an extreme power : tonnage -ratio; normal cargo and passenger ships have a P:T-ratio (in kW: GRT ) of 0.35 to 1.20, whereas large tugs typically are 2.20 to 4.50 and small harbour-tugs 4.0 to 9.5. The engines are often
4020-399: Was a separate land grant signed with Nanny and the Maroons of Nanny Town, which granted "Nanny and the people now residing with her and their heirs ... a certain parcel of Land containing five hundred acres in the parish of Portland ...". This land patent consisted of 500 acres (2.4 km ) of land granted by the government to the Maroons of New Nanny Town under a separate 1740 document ending
4087-414: Was abandoned, the Windward Maroons under the command of Nanny moved to New Nanny Town. Between 1728 and 1734, during the First Maroon War , Nanny Town and other Maroon settlements were frequently attacked by British colonial forces. They wanted to stop the raids and believed that the Maroons prevented settlement of the interior. According to some accounts, in 1733 many Maroons of Nanny Town travelled across
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#17327719359904154-483: Was followed by the nozzle-rudder, which omitted the need for a conventional rudder . The cycloidal propeller (see below) was developed prior to World War II and was occasionally used in tugs because of its maneuverability. After World War II it was also linked to safety due to the development of the Voith Water Tractor, a tugboat configuration that could not be pulled over by its tow. In the late 1950s,
4221-462: Was highly successful at organizing plans to free slaves. During a period of 30 years, she was credited with freeing more than 1000 slaves, and helping them to resettle in the Maroon community. By 1720, Nanny and Quao , sometimes called her brother, settled and controlled an area in the Blue Mountains. It was later given the name Nanny Town , and it had a strategic location overlooking Stony River via
4288-474: Was named Swipplemento, later known by the Anglicised name of Rose Harris, affectionally called Pa Rose then Pa Ro, Queen Nanny was known as Shanti Rose or Ma Ro. Oral tradition states that Ro eventually became anglicized as Rowe, though many Maroons of the late 18th century changed their African names for European ones, as they converted to Christianity. Maroon legend states that Nanny was known to have gone by
4355-529: Was organized very much like a typical Asante society in Africa. From 1655 until they signed peace treaties in 1739 and 1740, these Maroons led most of the slave rebellions in Jamaica, helping to free slaves from the plantations. They raided and then damaged lands and buildings held by plantation owners. The Maroons were also known for raiding plantations for weapons and food, burning the plantations, and leading freed slaves to join their mountain communities. Nanny
4422-467: Was taken into slavery by the Spaniards . During the years of warfare, the British suffered significant losses in their encounters with the Windward Maroons of eastern Jamaica. Maroons attributed their success against the British to the successful use of supernatural powers by Nanny, while historians believe that the Maroons' mastery of guerrilla warfare and vast knowledge of the natural terrain played
4489-465: Was under the command of a white superintendent named Charles Swigle, and the Maroon leaders of that town, Clash and Sambo, reported to Swigle, when the superintendent commanded their forces against slave rebels in Tacky's War . It is possible that Nanny had already died by this time. Many in her community attributed Nanny's leadership skills to her Obeah powers. Obeah is an African-derived religion that
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