The following list of horse and pony breeds includes standardized breeds, some strains within breeds that are considered distinct populations, types of horses with common characteristics that are not necessarily standardized breeds but are sometimes described as such, and terms that describe groupings of several breeds with similar characteristics.
40-613: The Dareshuri is an Iranian breed of riding horse of oriental type. It is native to Fars Province in southern Iran and is associated with the Qashqai people of that area, particularly with the Dareshuri tribe for which it is named. It may also be known as the Shirazi after the city of Shiraz , the provincial capital. It is an endangered breed : a population of 300–400 was reported in 2003. Its conservation status in 2007
80-454: A breed registry . The concept is somewhat flexible in horses, as open stud books are created for recording pedigrees of horse breeds that are not yet fully true-breeding. Registries are considered the authority as to whether a given breed is listed as a "horse" or a "pony". There are also a number of " color breed ", sport horse , and gaited horse registries for horses with various phenotypes or other traits, which admit any animal fitting
120-513: A breed is described as a "pony" by the breed standard or principal breed registry, it is listed in this section, even if some individuals have horse characteristics. All other breeds are listed in the § Horse breeds section above. (Because of this designation by the preference of a given breed registry, most miniature horse breeds are listed as "horses", not ponies.) There are some registries that accept horses (and sometimes ponies and mules) of almost any breed or type for registration. Color
160-600: A cheek bone that is narrower than in the Arabian asil. The body is slender and light, the rib cage shallow, the tail set low. The limbs are slender, ending in hard hooves. The fine skin is covered with fine, silky hair. Mane and tail are sparse, but with fine manes. The coat can be bay , seal brown , chestnut or gray , very rarely black . Markings are common. The Dareshuri is known for its docility and ease of training, proving fast and lively. Gaits are renowned for their quality. The Dareshuri's original mountain landscape
200-472: A distinct phenotype were formerly considered or speculated to be subspecies of wild cats or domestic cats ( Felis catus ), or hybrids between them. Later genetic research shows that only one wild cat species was domesticated; the north African and southwest Asian wild cat ( Felis silvestris lybica ). All domestic (non-hybrid) cats and cat breeds fall under the domestic cat ( Felis catus ), and are no longer considered separate (sub)species. The domestication of
240-430: A given set of physical characteristics, even if there the trait is not a true-breeding characteristic. Other recording entities or specialty organizations may recognize horses from multiple breeds, or are recording designer crossbreds . Such animals may be classified here as a breed, a crossbreed, or a "type”, depending on the stage of breed recognition. In some cultures and for some competition-sanctioning organizations,
280-428: A horse that normally matures less than about 145 cm or 14.2 hands (58 inches, 147 cm) when fully grown may be classified as a " pony ". However, unless the principal breed registry or breed standard describes the breed as a pony, it is listed in this section, even if some or all representatives are small or have some pony characteristics. Ponies are listed in the § Pony breeds section below. If
320-643: A selective group of representative cats can be used as foundation stock to create a new cat breed (examples of breeds created in this way are the Maine Coon , European Shorthair and Siberian ). Because of common crossbreeding in populated areas, most cats are simply identified as belonging to the unregistered non-pedigree cats of mixed or unknown ancestry, referred to as domestic long-haired and domestic short-haired cat , depending on their fur length. Other commonly used terms are random-bred cat, domestic cat, house(hold) cat or moggie/moggy (UK English). Out of
360-400: A wide range of congenital health problems. This problem is especially prevalent in competitive dog breeding and dog show circles due to the singular emphasis on aesthetics rather than health or function. Such problems also occur within certain segments of the horse industry for similar reasons. The problem is further compounded when breeders practice inbreeding . The opposite effect to that of
400-483: Is a recording method or means of studbook selection for certain types to allow them to be licensed for breeding. Horses of a given type may be registered as one of several different recognized breeds, or a grouping may include horses that are of no particular pedigree but meet a certain standard of appearance or use. Prior to approximately the 13th century, few pedigrees were written down, and horses were classified by physical type or use. Thus, many terms for Horses in
440-401: Is documented and registered, it can be called purebred . A cat whose ancestry is formally registered is called a pedigreed or purebred cat . Technically, a purebred cat is one whose ancestry contains only individuals of the same breed. A pedigreed cat is one whose ancestry is recorded with a cat registry , but may have ancestors of different breeds. Landraces are not cat breeds, but
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#1732801396989480-420: Is either the only criterion for registration or the primary criterion. These are called " color breeds ", because unlike "true" horse breeds, there are few other physical requirements, nor is the stud book limited in any fashion. As a general rule, the color also does not always breed on (in some cases due to genetic impossibility), and offspring without the stated color are usually not eligible for recording with
520-441: Is particularly rugged, which has given the breed stamina and endurance. DAD-IS indicates its main use as a transport horse; according to Kholová, it is mainly used as a saddle horse . However, a Turkish veterinary document indicates a use as a driving horse. The Darashouri is listed among the horse breeds of Iran, with DAD-IS classifying it as a local Iranian breed. The Dareshuri is in fact an indigenous Iranian breed, specific to
560-612: The Felis silvestris lybica started around 9.000 years ago in the Near East and Egypt region, while the selective breeding of purebred/pedigreed cat breeds only started 150 years ago. Written and oral histories of various animals or pedigrees of certain types of horse have been kept throughout history, though breed registry stud books trace back to about the 13th century, at least in Europe , when pedigrees were tracked in writing, and
600-471: The breed standard for each breed. Modern breeders created cat breeds, which are actually feline hybrids between a wild cat species and the domestic cat species ( Felis catus ). A famous example of such a hybrid cat breed is the Savannah cat ( Felis catus × Leptailurus serval ), which is produced by crossing wild servals with domestic cats. Some natural, ancient breeds of cat that have
640-487: The lineage of a purebred animal is recorded, that animal is said to be pedigreed . Purebreds breed true-to-type which means the progeny of like-to-like purebred parents will carry the same phenotype , or observable characteristics of the parents. A group of like purebreds is called a pure-breeding line or strain. In the world of selective animal breeding , to "breed true" means that specimens of an animal breed will breed true-to-type when mated like-to-like; that is, that
680-460: The province of Fars , north of Shiraz and therefore in southern Iran . It is not found outside the borders of its native country. List of horse breeds While there is no scientifically accepted definition of the term "breed", a breed is generally defined as having distinct true-breeding characteristics over a number of generations. Its members may be called purebred . In most cases, bloodlines of horse breeds are recorded with
720-558: The English language in 1410 as "pee de Grewe", "pedegrewe" or "pedegru", each of those words being borrowed to the Middle French "pié de grue", meaning "crane foot". This comes from a visual analogy between the trace of the bird's foot and the three lines used in the English official registers to show the ramifications of a genealogical tree. Sometimes the word purebred is used synonymously with pedigreed , but purebred refers to
760-463: The Middle Ages did not refer to breeds as we know them today, but rather described appearance or purpose. These terms included: Many breeds of horse have become extinct , either because they have died out, or because they have been absorbed into another breed: Purebred Purebreds are like cultivars of an animal species achieved through the process of selective breeding . When
800-527: The animal having a known ancestry, and pedigree refers to the written record of breeding. Not all purebred animals have their lineage in written form. For example, until the 20th century, the Bedouin people of the Arabian Peninsula only recorded the ancestry of their Arabian horses via an oral tradition , supported by the swearing of religiously based oaths as to the asil or "pure" breeding of
840-414: The animal. Conversely, some animals may have a recorded pedigree or even a registry, but not be considered "purebred". Today the modern Anglo-Arabian horse, a cross of Thoroughbred and Arabian bloodlines, is considered such a case. A purebred dog is a dog of a modern breed of dog , with written documentation showing the individual purebred dog's descent from its breeds' foundation stock . In dogs,
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#1732801396989880-480: The breed or type categories are listed here. This list does not include organizations that record horses strictly for competition purposes. A "type" of horse is not a breed but is used here to categorize groups of horses or horse breeds that are similar in appearance ( phenotype ) or use. A type usually has no breed registry , and often encompasses several breeds. However, in some nations, particularly in Europe, there
920-418: The breed. Purebred are those animals that have been bred-up to purebred status as a result of using full blood animals to cross with an animal of another breed. Artificial breeding via artificial insemination or embryo transfer is often used in sheep and cattle breeding to quickly expand, or improve purebred herds. Embryo transfer techniques allow top quality female livestock to have a greater influence on
960-466: The categorization and study of Persian Arabian horses. Members of the Dareshuri tribe insist on their Mongolian ancestry, and claim to have traveled between Iran and Syria in the time of Genghis Khan , before returning to Iran with the best Syrian Arabian horses they could find there. However, this claim is not supported by written pedigree documents, and therefore cannot be proven. Genetic analysis of
1000-678: The color breed registry. There are breeds that have color that usually breeds "true" as well as distinctive physical characteristics and a limited stud book. These horses are true breeds that have a preferred color, not color breeds, and include the Friesian horse , the Cleveland Bay , the Appaloosa , and the American Paint Horse . The best-known "color breed" registries that accept horses from many different breeds are for
1040-414: The following colors: The distinction is hotly debated between a standardized breed, a developing breed with an open studbook , a registry of recognized crossbred horses, and a designer crossbred . For the purposes of this list, certain groups of horses that have an organization or registry that records individual animals for breeding purposes, at least in some nations, but does not clearly fall to either
1080-496: The hundreds of millions of cats worldwide, almost none have any purebred ancestors, nor belong to a specific breed, because purebred cats are a human invention of the last 150 years and selectively bred from foundation stock by breeders in closed off lineages. Approximately 3–4% of the cats in the US are purchased from breeders. Not all breeders sell registered pedigree cats. In France, approximately 4% of cats are pedigreed. Worldwide
1120-420: The mountains to the north and west of the city lasted some four to six weeks and covered many hundreds of kilometres. These journeys exerted a powerful selection for qualities of stamina and endurance in their horses. In the nineteenth century Shirazi horses were cross-bred from local Persian mares and Arab stallions from Baghdad ; many were exported to India, where they were known by the name 'Gulf Arab'. In
1160-660: The number of pedigreed cats is somewhat lower, and is estimated at approximately 1–2%. By definition all cats belonging to a specific breed are pedigreed cats with a known and formally registered ancestry with one of the cat registries , also known as the cat’s “paperwork” or pedigree. The list of cat breeds is quite large: most cat registries actually recognize between 30 and 75 breeds of cats, and several more are in development, with one or more new breeds being recognized each year on average, having distinct features ( phenotype ) and lineage . Nowadays, there exist over 100 cat breeds and varieties recognized by at least one of
1200-401: The official cat registries . The purpose of the registry of cat breeds is to develop and maintain a healthy breed by controlling inbreeding and the spread of hereditary diseases , and regulating the well-being of the cats. Owners and breeders compete in cat shows to see whose animal bears the closest resemblance (best conformance ) to an idealized definition, based on breed type and
1240-416: The passing on of undesirable characteristics or even a collapse of a breed population due to inbreeding depression . Therefore, there is a question, and often heated controversy, as to when or if a breed may need to allow "outside" stock in for the purpose of improving the overall health and vigor of the breed. Because pure-breeding creates a limited gene pool , purebred animal breeds are also susceptible to
Dareshuri - Misplaced Pages Continue
1280-933: The practice of declaring a type of horse to be a breed or a purebred became more widespread. Certain horse breeds , such as the Andalusian horse and the Arabian horse , are claimed by aficionados of the respective breeds to be ancient, near-pure descendants from an ancient wild prototype, though mapping of the horse genome as well as the mtDNA and y-DNA of various breeds has largely disproved such claims. Most domesticated farm animals among others can also have true-breeding breeds and breed registries , particularly cattle , water buffaloes , sheep , goats , donkeys , guinea pigs , chickens , fancy pigeons , domestic ducks , rabbits , and pigs . While animals bred strictly for market sale are not always purebreds, or if purebred may not be registered, most livestock producers value
1320-420: The presence of purebred genetic stock for the consistency of traits such animals provide. It is common for a farm's male breeding stock in particular to be of purebred, pedigreed lines. In cattle, some breeders associations make a difference between "purebred" and "full blood". Full blood cattle are fully pedigreed animals, where every ancestor is registered in the herdbook and shows the typical characteristics of
1360-595: The principal Iranian horse breeds finds them to form a group distinct from other horses; within that group the Dareshuri is closest to the Persian Arab. According to CAB International , the Dareshuri belongs to the Persian plateau horse group. The average height is 1.50 to 1.55 m, making it one of the largest Persian horses. The morphology is said to be dis-harmonious. The head has a rectilinear profile, concave (typical Arabian), with an eye that can be small, and
1400-426: The progeny of any two individuals of the same breed will show fairly consistent, replicable and predictable characteristics, or traits with sufficiently high heritability. A puppy from two purebred dogs of the same breed, for example, will exhibit the traits of its parents, and not the traits of all breeds in the subject breed's ancestry. Breeding from too small a gene pool, especially direct inbreeding , can lead to
1440-422: The restricted gene pool caused by pure-breeding is known as hybrid vigor , which generally results in healthier animals. A pedigreed animal is one that has its ancestry recorded. Often this is tracked by a major registry . The number of generations required varies from breed to breed, but all pedigreed animals have papers from the registering body that attest to their ancestry. The word "pedigree" appeared in
1480-432: The second sense. New breeds of dog are constantly being created, and there are many websites for new breed associations and breed clubs offering legitimate registrations for new or rare breeds. When dogs of a new breed are "visibly similar in most characteristics" and have reliable documented descent from a "known and designated foundation stock", then they can then be considered members of a breed, and, if an individual dog
1520-486: The term breed is used two ways: loosely, to refer to dog types or landraces of dog (also called natural breeds or ancient breeds); or more precisely, to refer to modern breeds of dog, which are documented so as to be known to be descended from specific ancestors, that closely resemble others of their breed in appearance, movement, way of working and other characters; and that reproduce with offspring closely resembling each other and their parents. Purebred dogs are breeds in
1560-512: The twentieth century the Dareshuri renewed the blood of their horses through frequent inter-breeding with Persian Arab stock from Khuzestan , often through Bakhtiari middlemen; preference was given to horses of the Khersani matrilineal strain. The breed came to prominence under the impetus of Dareshuri tribal chiefs Ziad Khan and Hossein Khan, and later Ayaz Khan, in the late 1970s, as part of
1600-490: Was 'endangered'; in 2023 it was 'unknown'. The origins of the Dareshuri are unknown. It is a traditional breed, closely associated with the Qashqai people of Fars Province in southern Iran, and particularly with the Dareshuri tribe for which it is named. The traditional semi-annual migrations of the Qashgai people from their winter pastures to the south and west of the city of Shiraz to their summer grazing grounds in
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