Gasolin AG was a German oil company from 1920 to 1971 (trading under this name from 1926); it ran its own chain of petrol stations .
139-677: Gasolin was founded on 23 March 1920 as Olea Mineralölwerke AG in Frankfurt , taking over the Deutsche Schmiermittel GmbH (German lubricant company). The purpose of the company was "acquisition, construction and operation of plants and enterprises aimed at the extraction, production, processing, recycling, storage, transport and trade of fuels of all kinds, lubricants, technical oils and greases, petroleum, tar and their reprocessing products, bitumen and related substances and other chemical products". From 1922 it operated under
278-552: A Reichsstadt ( Imperial Free City ), i.e., directly subordinate to the Holy Roman Emperor and not to a regional ruler or a local nobleman. In 1585, Frankfurt traders established a system of exchange rates for the various currencies that were circulating to prevent cheating and extortion. Therein lay the early roots for the Frankfurt Stock Exchange. Frankfurt managed to remain neutral during
417-871: A shale oil extraction process named Chevron CRUSH . In 2006, the United States Department of the Interior issued a research, development and demonstration lease for Chevron's demonstration oil shale project on public lands in Colorado's Piceance Basin . In February 2012, Chevron notified the Bureau of Land Management and the Department of Reclamation, Mining and Safety that it intended to divest this lease. Starting in 2010, Chevron began to reduce its retail footprint and expand in domestic natural gas. In July 2010, Chevron ended retail operations in
556-537: A 30 percent holding in its Canadian oil shale holdings to Kuwait 's state-owned oil company Kuwait Oil Company for a fee of $ 1.5 billion. Despite these sales, Chevron continued to explore acquisitions, a trend which had reinvigorated in 2019 and extended throughout the COVID-19 pandemic . In April 2019, Chevron announced its intention to acquire Anadarko Petroleum in a deal valued at $ 33 billion, but decided to focus on other acquisitions shortly afterwards when
695-591: A Frankish king named Zuna, who ruled over the province then known as Sicambri . He hoped thereby to perpetuate the name of his lineage. This is chronologically incompatible, however, with the archaeologically demonstrated Roman occupation of the area around Nida fortress in modern Heddernheim . The name is derived from the Franconofurd of the Germanic tribe of the Franks ; Furt ( cf. English ford ) where
834-575: A balance sheet total of RM27 million. It was thus in 5th place in the list of oil companies operating in Germany. In 1935, the Gasolin was one of the 'Big Five' petrol station chains in Germany with 3,315 petrol pumps (5.9%) and a sales quota of 6.7%. In 1938, Gasolin had a market share of 1.4% for diesel fuel and 1.3% for lubricating oils. With the transition to wartime economy in September 1939 and
973-595: A camp for Sinti and Romani people (see Romani Holocaust ), the Dulag Luft West transit camp for Allied prisoners of war, and a subcamp of the Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp . Frankfurt was severely bombed in World War II (1939–1945). About 5,500 residents were killed during the raids, and the once-famous medieval city center , by that time one of the largest in Germany,
1112-656: A city divided into four sectors , could no longer rival it. In 1948, the Allies founded the Bank deutscher Länder , the forerunner of Deutsche Bundesbank . Following this decision, more financial institutions were re-established, e.g. Deutsche Bank and Dresdner Bank . In the 1950s, Frankfurt Stock Exchange regained its position as the country's leading stock exchange. Frankfurt also reemerged as Germany's transportation hub and Frankfurt Airport became Europe's second-busiest airport behind London Heathrow Airport in 1961. During
1251-570: A combined 400,000 barrels per day.from two offshore projects. With the potential to develop 10 more projects, Guyana becomes one of the fastest-growing oil regions that Chevron now has access to. In 2023, Chevron entered into a 10-year agreement with state-owned Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL) to license, manufacture, distribute and sell Chevron lubricants in India under the Caltex brand. In August 2024, Chevron earmarked $ 1 billion in
1390-534: A combined market value of approximately $ 95 billion. Completed on October 9, 2001, Chevron temporarily renamed itself to ChevronTexaco between 2001 and 2005; after the company reverted its name to Chevron, Texaco became used as a brand by the company for some of its fueling stations. 2005 also saw Chevron purchase Unocal Corporation for $ 18.4 billion, increasing the company's petroleum and natural gas reserves by about 15%. Because of Unocal's large South East Asian geothermal operations, Chevron became
1529-564: A company that provides portable carbon capture technology for the oil field and other industrial facilities. Two years later, Chevron announced that they will acquire Renewable Energy Group , a biodiesel production company based in Ames, Iowa . The acquisition was completed just under four months later on June 13. In the Americas, Chevron acquired natural gas company Beyond6, LLC (B6) and its network of 55 compressed natural gas stations across
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#17327876951341668-478: A deal could not be reached. Despite the failed acquisition of Andarko, Chevron did acquire Noble Energy for $ 5 billion in July 2020. Chevron was not spared from the pandemic, however, as Chevron announced reductions of 10–15% of its workforce due to both the pandemic and a 2020 oil price war between Russia and Saudi Arabia . During the pandemic, Chevron considered a merger with rival ExxonMobil in 2020 during
1807-458: A district committee and chairperson. The largest city district by population and area is Sachsenhausen , while the smallest is Altstadt , Frankfurt's historical center. Three larger city districts (Sachsenhausen, Westend and Nordend ) are divided for administrative purposes into a northern ( -Nord ) and a southern ( -Süd ) part, respectively a western ( -West ) and an eastern ( -Ost ) part, but are generally considered as one city district (which
1946-595: A domestic gas plant with the capacity to provide 300 terajoules per day to supply gas to Western Australia. It is also developing the Wheatstone liquefied natural gas development in Western Australia. The foundation phase of the project is estimated to cost $ 29 billion; it will consist of two LNG processing trains with a combined capacity of 8.9 million tons per annum, a domestic gas plant and associated offshore infrastructure. In August 2014
2085-557: A free city, becoming the seat of its Bundestag , the confederal parliament where the nominally presiding Habsburg Emperor of Austria was represented by an Austrian "presidential envoy". After the ill-fated revolution of 1848 , Frankfurt was the seat of the first democratically elected German parliament, the Frankfurt Parliament , which met in the Frankfurter Paulskirche (St. Paul's Church) and
2224-755: A further 1400 petrol and dispensing points. Caltex together with Ruhr Oel and Mineralöl-Werke Ernst Jung on the one hand, and Wintershall and DEA on the other hand submitted offers. Although Caltex could have paid the dollar debt, the idea of a further loss of the German market to foreign investors did not appeal to the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The Caltex offer was withdrawn in May 1952, after which there remained an offer from Gulf Oil, in June. However, Wintershall and DEA prevailed as German mineral oil producers, and took over
2363-717: A joint venture with California Standard named Caltex , to drill and produce oil in Saudi Arabia . According to energy analyst and activist shareholder Antonia Juhasz , the Texas Fuel Company and California Standard were often referred to as the "terrible twins" for their cutthroat business practices. In 1911, the federal government broke Standard Oil into several pieces under the Sherman Antitrust Act . One of those pieces, Standard Oil Co. (California), went on to become Chevron. It became part of
2502-629: A key role in helping Nicolas Maduro's government dodge US economic sanctions, using his Syrian and Lebanese parentage to open up new business channels to Iran and Turkey . On January 5, 2022, Chevron temporarily decreased production in Kazakhstan 's Tengiz Field due to the 2022 Kazakh protests , which were motivated by heavy oil price increases. Later that month, Chevron also announced it would end all operations in Myanmar , citing rampant human rights abuses and deteriorating rule of law since
2641-548: A large producer of geothermal energy . The deal did not include Unocal's former retail operations including the Union 76 trademark, as it had sold that off to Tosco Corporation in 1997. The 76 brand is owned by Phillips 66 , unaffiliated with Chevron. Chevron and the Los Alamos National Laboratory started a cooperation in 2006, to improve the recovery of hydrocarbons from oil shale by developing
2780-631: A license to the Gulf trademark in the Northeastern United States since 1986. In 1996, Chevron transferred its natural gas gathering, operating and marketing operation to NGC Corporation (later Dynegy) in exchange for a roughly 25% equity stake in NGC. In a merger completed February 1, 2000, Illinova Corp. became a wholly owned subsidiary of Dynegy Inc. and Chevron's stake increased up to 28%. However, in May 2007, Chevron sold its stake in
2919-466: A new research and development (R&D) hub called Chevron Engineering and Innovation Excellence Center (ENGINE) in Bengaluru , India. The first logo featured the legend "Pacific Coast Oil Co.", the name adopted by the company when it was established in 1879. Successive versions showed the word 'Standard' (for "The Standard Oil of California"). In 1968, the company introduced the word 'Chevron' (which
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#17327876951343058-581: A newly established primogeniture in Italy), Grand Duke of Frankfurt after Dalberg's death (since the latter as a Catholic bishop had no legitimate heirs). The Grand Duchy remained a short episode lasting from 1810 to 1813 when the military tide turned in favor of the Anglo-Prussian-led allies that overturned the Napoleonic order. Dalberg abdicated in favor of Eugène de Beauharnais, which of course
3197-560: A part of early Franconia , the inhabitants were the early Franks , thus the city's name reveals its legacy as "the ford of the Franks on the Main". Among English speakers, the city is commonly known simply as Frankfurt, but Germans occasionally call it by its full name to distinguish it from the other (significantly smaller) German city of Frankfurt an der Oder in the Land of Brandenburg on
3336-541: A population of 5.5 million. Other important cities in the region are Wiesbaden (capital of Hesse ), Mainz (capital of Rhineland-Palatinate ), Darmstadt , Offenbach am Main , Hanau , Aschaffenburg , Bad Homburg vor der Höhe , Rüsselsheim , Wetzlar and Marburg . The city is divided into 46 city districts ( Stadtteile ), which are in turn divided into 121 city boroughs ( Stadtbezirke ) and 448 electoral districts ( Wahlbezirke ). The 46 city districts combine into 16 area districts ( Ortsbezirke ), which each have
3475-681: A population of more than 5.8 million and is Germany's second-largest metropolitan region after the Rhine-Ruhr region and the fourth biggest metropolitan region by GDP in the European Union . Frankfurt is home to the European Central Bank , one of the institutional seats of the European Union, while Frankfurt's central business district lies about 90 km (56 mi) northwest of the geographic center of
3614-704: A private leaseholder under the Gasolin brand in order to protect the brand. Gasolin expanded in Austria following the annexation of Austria in 1938. From 1938 to 1945, Gasolin Ges.m.b.H. in Vienna operated an oil refinery on the southern outskirts of Korneuburg. This refinery operated from 1923 to 1961, and was partially destroyed in the Second World War. In 1945, Gasolin in Austria (in the Soviet sector) together with
3753-606: A refinery of the Deutsche Gasolin in Emmerich. The refinery remained intact, but there were some deaths. Gasolin and its employees are remembered in the Emmerich tapestry, in the city council chamber, which depicts a Gasolin worker with an oil barrel. In 1943 Gasolin had sales offices in Berlin, Breslau, Dortmund, Dresden, Frankfurt am Main, Hamburg, Hanover, Cologne, Leipzig, Munich and Stuttgart as well as in Vienna. In
3892-513: A regional headquarters there as of 2013, partially for Marcellus Shale -related drilling. The same year, Standard Oil of California also took the opportunity to change its legal name to Chevron Corporation , since it had already been using the well-known "Chevron" retail brand name for decades. Chevron would sell the Gulf Oil trademarks for the entire U.S. to Cumberland Farms , the parent company of Gulf Oil LP , in 2010 after Cumberland Farms had
4031-541: A result, NITAG with its approximately 800 filling stations was merged into Gasolin with about 2000 filling stations to become Deutsche Gasolin-Nitag AG. In 1956, the turnover of the new company amounted to approximately 400 million Deutschmarks with fixed assets of 45 million, current assets of 75 million and total assets of 120 million Deutschmarks. After taking over 50% of Rheinpreußen AG für Bergbau und Chemie (Mining and Chemicals) in 1959, DEA withdrew from BV-Aral in 1960. DEA took with it its own chain of petrol stations, and
4170-674: A significant gas-condensate discovery at the Lasseter-1 exploration well in WA-274-P in Western Australia, in which Chevron has a 50% interest was announced. The company also has an interest in the North West Shelf Venture , equally shared with five other investors including BP , BHP Petroleum , Shell , Mitsubishi / Mitsui and Woodside . Presently, Chevron is looking to convert its Gorgon Island operations from upstream production to carbon capture and storage . In
4309-553: A simplified manner (e.g., Römer , St. Paul's Church , and Goethe House ). The collection of historically significant Cairo Genizah documents of the Municipal Library was destroyed by the bombing. According to Arabist and Genizah scholar S.D. Goitein , "not even handlists indicating its contents have survived." The end of the war marked Frankfurt's comeback as Germany's leading financial hub, mainly because Berlin, now
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4448-548: A subsidiary and renamed Hugo Stinnes-Riebeck Oel-AG, based in Halle (Saale). The remaining A. Riebeck'sche Montanwerke returned to its original name in September of the same year. In the 1920s, BASF wanted to secure the German crude oil industry. Together with Royal Dutch (today Royal Dutch Shell ) it had half-shares in the Internationale Bergin Compagnie voor Olie en Kolen Chemie , founded in 1921 for
4587-449: A typical slogan found printed on advertising materials was "Der Tankfix deckt die Karten auf" ("Tankfix shows the cards"). An inflationary advertising hype spread from the USA to Germany around 1954, bringing petrol nicknames and chemical super-additives. Gasolin, apparently in the interests of its customers, countered these advertising excesses, and launched a successful customer survey. By 1959
4726-408: A white bar superimposed, carrying the product name in black. In the 1950s, a Gasolin version of this diamond symbol became a registered company trademark. After 1945, Gasolin had its petrol Benzin and its benzene-mixture super-variety Benzol-Gemisch as products. As late as 1945, Gasolin was using its petrol-station attendant, nicknamed Tankfix , to advertise its "benzene mixture (without lead )";
4865-762: Is "FRA", the IATA code for Frankfurt Airport. Roman Empire , pre 475 Francia , ca. 475–843 East Francia , 843–962 [REDACTED] Holy Roman Empire , 962–1806 [REDACTED] Free City of Frankfurt , 1372–1806 [REDACTED] Grand Duchy of Frankfurt , 1806–1813 [REDACTED] Free City of Frankfurt , 1813–1866 [REDACTED] Kingdom of Prussia , 1866–1871 [REDACTED] German Empire , 1871–1918 [REDACTED] Weimar Republic , 1918–1933 [REDACTED] German Reich , 1933–1945 [REDACTED] American occupation zone , 1945–1949 [REDACTED] West Germany , 1949–1990 [REDACTED] Germany , 1990–present At
5004-645: Is 248.31 km (95.87 sq mi) and extends over 23.4 km (14.54 mi) east to west and 23.3 km (14.48 mi) north to south. Its downtown is north of the river Main in Altstadt district (the historical center) and the surrounding Innenstadt district. The geographical center is in Bockenheim district near Frankfurt West station . Frankfurt at the heart of the densely populated Frankfurt Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region with
5143-459: Is also not an administrative city district (it covers parts of the western Innenstadt district, the southern Westend district and the eastern Bahnhofsviertel district). Many city districts are incorporated suburbs ( Vororte ) or were previously independent cities, such as Höchst . Some like Nordend and Westend arose during the rapid growth of the city in the Gründerzeit following
5282-696: Is an American multinational energy corporation predominantly specializing in oil and gas . The second-largest direct descendant of Standard Oil , and originally known as the Standard Oil Company of California (shortened to Socal or CalSo ), it is active in more than 180 countries. Within oil and gas, Chevron is vertically integrated and is involved in hydrocarbon exploration , production , refining , marketing and transport, chemicals manufacturing and sales, and power generation . Founded originally in Southern California during
5421-879: Is home to influential educational institutions, including the Goethe University with the Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt ( de ) (Hesse's largest hospital), the FUAS , the FUMPA , and graduate schools like the FSFM . The city is one of two seats of the German National Library (alongside Leipzig ), the largest library in the German-speaking countries and one of the largest in the world. Its renowned cultural venues include
5560-556: Is one of the world's busiest international airports by passenger traffic and the main hub for Germany's flag carrier Lufthansa . Frankfurt Central Station is one of the largest rail stations in Europe and the busiest junction operated by Deutsche Bahn , the German national railway company, with 342 trains a day to domestic and European destinations. Frankfurter Kreuz , also known as the Autobahn interchange and located close to
5699-488: Is one of the few cities in the European Union (EU) to have such a skyline, which is why Germans sometimes refer to Frankfurt as Mainhattan , combining the local river Main and " Manhattan ". The other well-known nickname is Bankfurt . Before World War II , the city was noted for its unique old town , the largest timber-framed old town in Europe. The Römer area was later rebuilt and is popular with visitors and for events such as Frankfurt Christmas Market . Other parts of
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5838-522: Is poised to be the world's largest storage facility for hydrogen in renewable energy . In October 2023, Chevron Corporation acquired Hess Corporation in an all-stock deal for $ 53 billion. The acquisition, which was announced on October 23, 2023, opens up new opportunities in the US shale plays and in oil-rich Guyana . Hess Corp, Exxon Mobil and China 's CNOOC , key players in Guyana, have been producing
5977-640: Is the owner of the Standard Oil trademark in 16 states in the western and southeastern United States. Since American trademark law operates under a use-it-or-lose-it rule, the company owns and operates one Standard-branded Chevron station in each state of the area. However, though Chevron (as CalSo) acquired Kyso in the 1960s, its status in Kentucky is unclear after Chevron withdrew its brand from retail sales from Kentucky in July 2010. The 'Chevron' name came into use for some of its retail products in
6116-981: Is well known for its slogan "the human energy company", a campaign first launched in September 2007. In a corporate blog, Chevron states "human energy" was chosen as their campaign's slogan and focus because "human energy captures our positive spirit in delivering energy to a rapidly changing world". The slogan remains prominent in Chevron advertising, and Chevron has derived from this slogan to use phrases in marketing such as "it's only human". As of December 31, 2018, Chevron had approximately 48,600 employees (including about 3,600 service station employees). Approximately 24,800 employees (including about 3,300 service station employees), or 51 percent, were employed in U.S. operations. Chevron's dominant regions of production are North America, which produces 1.2 billion barrels of oil equivalent (BBOE), and Eurasia, which produces 1.4 BBOE. Chevron's Eurasian-Pacific operations are concentrated in
6255-435: Is why often only 43 city districts are mentioned, even on the city's official website). Some larger housing areas are often falsely called city districts, even by locals, like Nordweststadt (part of Niederursel , Heddernheim and Praunheim ), Goldstein (part of Schwanheim ), Riedberg (part of Kalbach-Riedberg ) and Europaviertel (part of Gallus ). The Bankenviertel ( banking district ), Frankfurt's financial district,
6394-574: The Main ") is the most populous city in the German state of Hesse . Its 773,068 inhabitants as of 2022 make it the fifth-most populous city in Germany . Located in the foreland of the Taunus on its namesake Main , it forms a continuous conurbation with Offenbach am Main ; its urban area has a population of over 2.7 million. The city is the heart of the larger Rhine-Main metropolitan region, which has
6533-557: The 2021 Myanmar coup d'état . A statement released by the company on its website stated while Chevron was committed to an orderly exit which ensured it could still provide energy to Southeast Asia, Chevron remained firmly opposed to the human rights violations committed by the current military rule in Myanmar . Also in 2022, Chevron was reported to explore the sale of stakes in three fields located in Equatorial Guinea . It
6672-548: The European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority and European Systemic Risk Board in 2011. Frankfurt is the largest city in the state of Hesse in the western part of Germany. Frankfurt is located on both sides of the river Main , south-east of the Taunus mountain range. The southern part of the city contains the Frankfurt City Forest , Germany's largest city forest. The city area
6811-407: The Free City of Frankfurt . The Prussian administration incorporated Frankfurt into its province of Hesse-Nassau . The Prussian occupation and annexation were perceived as a great injustice in Frankfurt, which retained its distinct western European, urban and cosmopolitan character. The formerly independent towns of Bornheim and Bockenheim were incorporated in 1890. In 1914, the citizens founded
6950-404: The Thirty Years' War , but suffered from the bubonic plague that refugees brought to the city. After the war, Frankfurt regained its wealth. In the late 1770s the theater principal Abel Seyler was based in Frankfurt, and established the city's theatrical life. Following the French Revolution , Frankfurt was occupied or bombarded several times by French troops. It remained a Free city until
7089-407: The U.S. Department of Justice and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Chevron and Phillips failed to properly flare at the plants, causing excess air pollution. The companies agreed to add pollution control systems to the plants as well. Despite the major oil and gas companies, including Chevron, reporting sharp rises in interim revenues and profits due to Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine ,
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#17327876951347228-487: The Unification of Germany , while others were formed from territory which previously belonged to other city district(s), such as Dornbusch and Riederwald . Until the year 1877 the city's territory consisted of the present-day inner-city districts of Altstadt , Innenstadt , Bahnhofsviertel , Gutleutviertel , Gallus , Westend , Nordend , Ostend and Sachsenhausen . Bornheim was part of an administrative district called Landkreis Frankfurt , before becoming part of
7367-529: The United Kingdom , Southeast Asia , Kazakhstan , Australia , Bangladesh , and greater China . Chevron additionally operates in South America, the west coast of sub-Saharan Africa (mainly Nigeria and Angola ), Egypt , and Iraq ; these four regions collectively produce 0.4 BBOE. Chevron's largest revenue products are shale and tight , though produces considerable revenue from heavy oil , deepwater offshore drilling , conventional oil, and liquefied natural gas . In October 2015, Chevron announced that it
7506-402: The Wallanlagen , Volkspark Niddatal , Grüneburgpark , the City Forest , two major botanical gardens (the Palmengarten and the Botanical Garden Frankfurt ) and the Frankfurt Zoo . Frankfurt is the seat of the German Football Association (Deutscher Fußball-Bund – DFB) , is home to the first division association football club Eintracht Frankfurt , the Löwen Frankfurt ice hockey team, and
7645-523: The breakup of Standard Oil by continuing to acquire companies and partnering with others both inside and outside of California, eventually becoming one of the Seven Sisters that dominated the global petroleum industry from the mid-1940s to the 1970s. In 1985, Socal merged with the Pittsburgh-based Gulf Oil and rebranded as Chevron; the newly merged company later merged with Texaco in 2001. Chevron manufactures and sells fuels, lubricants, additives, and petrochemicals, primarily in Western North America ,
7784-434: The " Seven Sisters ", which dominated the world oil industry in the early 20th century. In 1926, the company changed its name to Standard Oil Co. of California (SOCAL). By the terms of the breakup of Standard Oil, at first Standard of California could use the Standard name only within its original geographic area of the Pacific coast states, plus Nevada and Arizona; outside that area, it had to use another name. Today, Chevron
7923-418: The "Pacific Coast Oil Company", which acquired the assets of Star Oil with $ 1 million in funding. Pacific Coast Oil eventually became the largest oil interest in California, and in 1900, John D. Rockefeller 's Standard Oil acquired Pacific Coast Oil for $ 761,000. In 1906, the Pacific Coast acquired the business operations and assets of the Standard Oil Company (Iowa) . At this time, Pacific renamed itself
8062-523: The 1870s, the company was then based for many decades in San Francisco, California , before moving its corporate offices to San Ramon, California , in 2001; and on August 2, 2024, Chevron announced that it would be relocating its headquarters from California to Houston, Texas , by 2025. Chevron traces its history back to the second half of the 19th century to small California-based oil companies which were acquired by Standard and merged into Standard Oil of California. The company grew quickly on its own after
8201-421: The 1930s. The name "Calso" was also used from 1946 to 1955, in states outside its native West Coast territory. Standard Oil Company of California ranked 75th among United States corporations in the value of World War II military production contracts. In 1933, Saudi Arabia granted California Standard a concession to find oil, which led to the discovery of oil in 1938. In 1948, California Standard discovered
8340-401: The 1970s, the city created one of Europe's most efficient underground transportation systems. That system includes a suburban rail system ( S-Bahn ) linking outlying communities with the city center, and a deep underground light rail system with smaller coaches ( U-Bahn ) also capable of travelling above ground on rails. In 1998, the European Central Bank was founded in Frankfurt, followed by
8479-409: The 91% majority of shares in Deutsche Gasolin AG in July at a ratio of 65:35. They continued to run the company as a mineral oil company with its filling stations and the remaining refinery in Dollbergen (producing 120,000 metric tonnes of crude oil per year). Gasolin was mainly to sell the fuels and lubricants from the Emsland oil refinery in Lingen, which was then under construction. In the mid-1950s,
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#17327876951348618-421: The Allies' wartime bombardment. Frankfurt was the original choice for the provisional capital city of the newly founded state of West Germany in 1949. The city constructed a parliament building that was never used for its intended purpose (it housed the radio studios of Hessischer Rundfunk ). In the end, Konrad Adenauer , the first postwar Chancellor , preferred the town of Bonn , for the most part because it
8757-422: The Apostle and now Frankfurt Cathedral . Frankfurt was one of the most important cities in the Holy Roman Empire . From 855, the German kings were elected and crowned in Aachen . From 1562, the kings and emperors were crowned and elected in Frankfurt, initiated for Maximilian II . This tradition ended in 1792, when Francis II was elected. His coronation was deliberately held on Bastille Day , 14 July,
8896-400: The Benzene Association in the organization Martha. All of them traded under the Aral brand from 1956 until they were renamed today's OMV. Up to 1945, Gasolin and the "I.G. Abteilung Öle" (I.G. Oils department) primarily sold synthetic Leuna petrol, but also supplied car oil, lubricating oil, asphalt, and Leuna propellant gas. In addition, Gasolin sold normal petrol from its own refineries under
9035-409: The Biden administration as well as from news commentators within the United States. The 2020s also saw efforts by Chevron to expand into the clean energy industry. Across the 2020s, Chevron invested stakes into fusion power companies, the two largest of them being Zap Energy and TAE Technologies . September 2023 saw Chevron acquire a majority stake in a Utah hydrogen storage facility, which
9174-407: The EU at Gadheim in Lower Franconia . Like France and Franconia , the city is named after the Franks . Frankfurt is the largest city in the Rhenish Franconian dialect area. Frankfurt was a city state , the Free City of Frankfurt , for nearly five centuries, and was one of the most important cities of the Holy Roman Empire , as a site of Imperial coronations ; it lost its sovereignty upon
9313-430: The EU. Frankfurt is one of the major financial centers of the European continent, with the headquarters of the European Central Bank , Deutsche Bundesbank , Frankfurt Stock Exchange , Deutsche Bank , DZ Bank , KfW , Commerzbank , DekaBank , Helaba , several cloud and fintech startups , and other institutes. Automotive, technology and research, services, consulting, media and creative industries complement
9452-429: The Fortune 500 in 2023. The company is also the last-remaining oil-and-gas component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average since ExxonMobil's exit from the index in 2020. Chevron has been subject to numerous controversies . One of Chevron's early predecessors, "Star Oil", discovered oil at the Pico Canyon Oilfield in the Santa Susana Mountains north of Los Angeles in 1876. The 25 barrels of oil per day well marked
9591-414: The Frankfurt spelling for Frankfurt am Main on 24 October 1953 and last used the Frankfort spelling on 10 June 1954. The suffix am Main has been used regularly since the 14th century. In English, the city's full name of Frankfurt am Main means "Frankfurt on the Main" (pronounced like English mine or German mein ). Frankfurt is located on an ancient ford (German: Furt ) on the river Main . As
9730-429: The Gulf of Mexico. As of December 31, 2018, the company's upstream business reported worldwide net production of 2.930 million oil-equivalent barrels per day. In the United States, the company operates approximately 11,000 oil and natural gas wells in hundreds of fields occupying 4,000,000 acres (16,000 km ) across the Permian Basin , located in West Texas and southeastern New Mexico . In 2010, Chevron
9869-412: The Hugo Stinnes-Riebeck Montan- and Oelwerke AG, in which he bundled his oil interests. In 1923/1924 he acquired Oleawerke, which had refineries in Frankfurt (Main) and Freiburg, which took over the distribution of the entire brown-coal (lignite) production of A. Reibeck'sche Montanwerke, as well as the petrol refinery at Dollbergen, and the AG für Petroleumindustrie (Api) in Berlin. In addition, he acquired
10008-849: The Mid-Atlantic United States by removing the Chevron and Texaco names from 1,100 stations. In 2011, Chevron acquired Pennsylvania-based Atlas Energy Inc. for $ 3.2 billion in cash and an additional $ 1.1 billion in existing debt owed by Atlas. Three months later, Chevron acquired drilling and development rights for another 228,000 acres in the Marcellus Shale from Chief Oil & Gas LLC and Tug Hill, Inc. In September 2013, Total S.A. and its joint-venture partner agreed to buy Chevron's retail distribution business in Pakistan for an undisclosed amount. In October 2014, Chevron announced that it would sell
10147-569: The Pittsburgh-based natural gas firm EQT Corporation in 2020. Chevron's largest single resource project is the $ 43 billion Gorgon Gas Project in Australia. It also produces natural gas from Western Australia. The $ 43 billion project was started in 2010, and was expected to be brought online in 2014. The project includes construction of a 15 million tonne per annum liquefied natural gas plant on Barrow Island , and
10286-468: The Polish border. The city district Bonames has a name probably dating back to Roman times, thought to be derived from bona me(n)sa (good table). The common abbreviations for the city, primarily used in railway services and on road signs, are Frankfurt (Main) , Frankfurt (M) , Frankfurt a. M. , Frankfurt/Main or Frankfurt/M . The common abbreviation for the name of the city is "FFM". Also in use
10425-648: The Securities Adjustment Act of 1 October 1949, Gasolin's shares were declared invalid and replaced by a collective certificate. At first, after the Second World War, Gasolin was run on the Eastern side, in the Soviet occupation zone, as a Staatl. A.G. Gasolin Zeitz. The petrol station business in the GDR was later continued by Minol. Subsequently, the previous owners were able to prove that they remained
10564-701: The Soviet Union receiving compensation. The refinery in Korneuburg was shut down in 1961 after the construction of the new Schwechat refinery. The property in the other three sectors was handed over directly by the Allies to Austria as the new owner, as a result of the Austrian nationalization laws in 1946. Around 1952 and 1954, the new owners published road-maps under the name Gasolin Gesellschaft m.b.H. (Salzburg). The ÖMV combined Gasolin with NITAG and
10703-895: The Standard Oil Company (California). Since the acquisition of the Pacific Coast Oil Company by Standard Oil, the Standard descendant had traditionally worked closely with Texaco for 100 years, before acquiring Texaco outright in 2001. Originally known as the Texas Fuel Company (later the Texas Company), Texaco was founded in Beaumont, Texas , as an oil-equipment vendor by "Buckskin Joe". The founder's nickname came from being harsh and aggressive. Texas Fuel worked closely with Chevron. In 1936, it formed
10842-834: The Tombua–Landana development and the Mafumeira Norte project, operated by the company. It is also a leading partner in Angola LNG plant . In Kazakhstan , Chevron participate the Tengiz and Karachaganak projects. In 2010, Chevron became the largest private shareholder in the Caspian Pipeline Consortium pipeline, which transports oil from the Caspian Sea to the Black Sea . As of 2013,
10981-525: The US Gulf Coast , Southeast Asia, South Korea and Australia. In 2018, the company produced an average of 791,000 barrels (125,800 m ) of net oil-equivalent per day in United States. Chevron is one of the largest companies in the world and the second-largest oil company based in the United States by revenue, only behind fellow Standard Oil descendant ExxonMobil . Chevron ranked 10th on
11120-997: The United States from Mercuria in November 2022. However, Chevron's largest American moves in the 2020s were in Venezuela , as the Biden administration relaxed restrictions on Chevron from pumping oil in the South American nation, originally imposed due to corruption scandals and human rights violations by Venezuelan president Nicolás Maduro . The relaxed restrictions, however, came with severe limitations, including provisions which prohibited Chevron from selling to Russian or Iranian-affiliated agencies and from allowing any direct profits to go to Venezuelan oil company PDVSA . On November 29, 2022, Venezuelan Government Petroleum Minister Tarek El Aissami met in Caracas , Venezuela, with
11259-585: The University of Frankfurt, later named Goethe University Frankfurt . This marked the only civic foundation of a university in Germany; today it is one of Germany's largest. From 6 April to 17 May 1920, following military intervention to put down the Ruhr uprising , Frankfurt was occupied by French troops . The French claimed that Articles 42 to 44 of the peace treaty of Versailles concerning
11398-676: The Vienna Basin near Zistersdorf, which arrived by train in tanker wagons. From 1943, the Deutsche Reichsbank in Berlin was the only securities collection bank in Germany. Thus, at the time of the end of the war in 1945, the shares of Deutsche Gasolin AG found themselves in the Soviet sector of Berlin. Although Gasolin became an independent petrol station company in the west (registered in Berlin-Charlottenburg) with
11537-527: The airport, is the most-heavily used interchange in the EU, used by 320,000 cars daily. In 2011 human-resource-consulting firm Mercer ranked Frankfurt as seventh in its annual 'Quality of Living' survey of cities around the world. According to The Economist cost-of-living survey, Frankfurt is Germany's most expensive city and the world's tenth most expensive. Frankfurt has many downtown high-rise buildings that form its renowned Frankfurt skyline . In fact, it
11676-800: The anniversary of the storming of the Bastille . The elections and coronations took place in St. Bartholomäus Cathedral , known as the Kaiserdom (Emperor's Cathedral), or its predecessors. The Frankfurter Messe ('Frankfurt Trade Fair') was first mentioned in 1150. In 1240, Emperor Frederick II granted an imperial privilege to its visitors, meaning they would be protected by the empire. The fair became particularly important when similar fairs in French Beaucaire lost attraction around 1380. Book trade fairs began in 1478. In 1372, Frankfurt became
11815-619: The associated central state control by the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Mineralölverteilung (AMV, working-group for mineral oil distribution), the brand names disappeared, and the petrol stations were subsumed by the Central Office for Mineral Oil. The distribution syndicate of the AMV supplied unbranded petrol on provision of a fuel pass or purchase certificate. In May 1940, a British bombing raid took place on
11954-591: The basketball club Frankfurt Skyliners , and is the venue of the Frankfurt Marathon and the Ironman Germany . Frankfurt is the largest financial hub in continental Europe . It is home to the European Central Bank , Deutsche Bundesbank , Frankfurt Stock Exchange and several large commercial banks. The Frankfurt Stock Exchange is one of the world's largest stock exchanges by market capitalization and accounts for more than 90 percent of
12093-458: The case of Petroboscán, current production is nil and, in Petropiar, current records indicate close to 50,000 barrels per day. On March 20, 2023, Tareck El Aissami resigned from his government post amid serious corruption allegations. Moreover, El Aissami, a longtime Maduro ally, has a $ 10mn US government reward on his head for allegedly facilitating drug trafficking from Venezuela. He played
12232-430: The city on 1 January 1877, followed by Bockenheim on 1 April 1895. Seckbach , Niederrad and Oberrad followed on 1 July 1900. The Landkreis Frankfurt was finally dispersed on 1 April 1910, and therefore Berkersheim , Bonames , Eckenheim , Eschersheim , Ginnheim , Hausen , Heddernheim , Niederursel , Praunheim , Preungesheim and Rödelheim joined the city. In the same year a new city district, Riederwald ,
12371-708: The collapse of the Holy Roman Empire in 1805/6. In 1806, it became part of the principality of Aschaffenburg under the Fürstprimas ( Prince-Primate ), Karl Theodor Anton Maria von Dalberg . This meant that Frankfurt was incorporated into the Confederation of the Rhine . In 1810, Dalberg adopted the title of a Grand Duke of Frankfurt . Napoleon intended to make his adopted son Eugène de Beauharnais , already Prince de Venise (" prince of Venice ",
12510-523: The collapse of the empire in 1806, regained it in 1815 and then lost it again in 1866, when it was annexed (though neutral) by the Kingdom of Prussia . It has been part of the state of Hesse since 1945. Frankfurt is culturally, ethnically and religiously diverse, with half of its population, and a majority of its young people, having a migrant background . A quarter of the population consists of foreign nationals, including many expatriates . In 2015, Frankfurt
12649-447: The colours/dyestuffs ( Farben ) division. It was mainly intended to sell synthetic Leuna gasoline through its pumps. To this end, the expansion of the petrol station chain was prioritised. Until production facilities for synthetic gasoline were built up, Gasolin sold its petrol (mainly from Dollbergen) as 'German gasoline' in order to differentiate itself from the foreign mineral oil imports of its competitors. In 1929, Deutsche Gasolin had
12788-410: The company for approximately $ 985 million, resulting in a gain of $ 680 million. The early 2000s saw Chevron engage in many mergers, acquisitions, and sales. The first largest of which was the $ 45 billion acquisition of Texaco , announced on October 15, 2000. The acquisition created second-largest oil company in the United States and the world's fourth-largest publicly traded oil company with
12927-404: The company had abandoned its benzene mixture, and sold petrol as Normal or Super , which cost about 6 pfennigs more. Meanwhile, the oil continued to be sold as Motanol until in the 1960s it transitioned to Record via Motanol Record . Gasolin's best-known slogan was "Take your time, not a life", which appeared on signs fixed on the back of trucks. These signs were produced by Gasolin until
13066-739: The company submitted its own accounts to the Elektronischer Bundesanzeiger (German equivalent of the UK Companies House), but since then it has been freed of the requirement by its status as a company with small capital, run by a larger business, Deutsch BP AG. The brand was revived after the reunification of East and West Germany, when some Aral petrol stations in East Germany were reflagged. Two of them are still operated today, in Pasewalk and Ueckermünde, by
13205-912: The concert hall Alte Oper , continental Europe's largest English theater and many museums, 26 of which line up along the Museum Embankment , including the Städel , the Liebieghaus , the German Film Museum ( de ), the Senckenberg Natural Museum , the Goethe House and the Schirn art venue. Frankfurt's skyline is shaped by some of Europe's tallest skyscrapers, which has led to the term Mainhattan . The city has many notable green areas and parks, including
13344-660: The course of 1944, the refineries in Emmerich and Dollbergen were destroyed by air raids. To replace them, work began in August 1944 at Lohmen (Saxony) in connection with Dachs VII, creating an underground tunnel in the sandstone leading to two shafts in the quarry of the Alte Poste. This had possessed a siding to the Pirna railway junction since 1907. Above ground, the small distillation plants, Ovens 19-22, were immediately built, and in 1944 began to produce gasoline using crude oil from
13483-427: The current share-holding of A. Riebeck'sche Montanwerke AG, following dealing amongst the shareholders. In return for the write-off of a $ 2.4 million Gasolin debt from the 1930s, Esso and Shell also agreed to sell their stake in the package. At this time, Gasolin had a market share of about 6.5% for petrol and about 3.9% for diesel. Gasolin's filling station network consisted of 504 so-called large filling stations and
13622-603: The demilitarization of the Rhineland had been broken. In 1924, Ludwig Landmann became the first Jewish mayor of the city, and led a significant expansion during the following years. During the Nazi era , the synagogues of the city were destroyed and the vast majority of the Jewish population fled or was killed. During World War II , Frankfurt was the location of a Nazi prison for underage girls with several forced labour camps,
13761-569: The discovery of the Newhall Field, and is considered by geophysicist Marius Vassiliou as the beginning of the modern oil industry in California. Energy analyst Antonia Juhasz has said that while Star Oil's founders were influential in establishing an oil industry in California, Union Mattole Company discovered oil in the state eleven years prior. In September 1879, Charles N. Felton , Lloyd Tevis , George Loomis and others created
13900-584: The early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic that drove oil demand sharply down. It would have been one of the largest corporate mergers in history, and a combined Chevron and ExxonMobil (dubbed "Chexxon" by Reuters ) would have been the second-largest oil company in the world, trailing only Saudi Aramco . Later in the pandemic, Chevron began requiring some employees, namely expatriate employees, those working overseas, and workers on U.S.-flagged ships, to receive COVID-19 vaccinations after having some key operations,
14039-633: The economic base. Frankfurt's DE-CIX is the world's largest internet exchange point . Messe Frankfurt is one of the world's largest trade fairs . Major fairs include the Music Fair and the Frankfurt Book Fair , the world's largest book fair. With 108 consulates, among which the largest is the US Consulate General , Frankfurt is second to New York City among non-capital cities in regards to consulate seats. Frankfurt
14178-791: The end of the war, Frankfurt became a part of the newly founded state of Hesse, consisting of the old Hesse-(Darmstadt) and the Prussian Hesse provinces. The city was part of the American Zone of Occupation of Germany. The Military Governor for the United States Zone (1945–1949) and the United States High Commissioner for Germany (HICOG) (1949–1952) had their headquarters in the IG Farben Building , intentionally left undamaged by
14317-428: The former West Germany , Frankfurt Airport became the busiest in Germany , one of the busiest in the world, the airport with the most direct routes in the world, and the primary hub for Lufthansa , the national airline of Germany and Europe's largest airline. Frankfurt Central Station is Germany's second-busiest railway station after Hamburg Hbf , and Frankfurter Kreuz is the most-heavily used interchange in
14456-458: The loss of its ownership in the east due to the unbundling of I.G. Farben, the securities were "blocked" from a Western point of view. And the largest supplier of gasoline, the Leunawerke, was also in the east and was no longer available. This blockade of the shares made a bid of securities impossible. In order to eliminate the legal uncertainty, a securities adjustment was carried out. Due to
14595-616: The majority of mining rights for the Concordia mine near Nachterstedt and the Messel mine near Darmstadt, in order to strengthen his oil interests. After the untimely death of Hugo Stinnes in 1924, his heirs were unable to form a viable company, so the conglomerate was divided up the following year. BASF took over the oil business. In April 1925, Oleawerke and the incorporated oil works with their refinery in Dollbergen were spun off into
14734-538: The market share of "foreign" petrol station chains was about 40%, the share of large "German" companies about 36%; the rest was spread over a large number of small and medium-sized companies. In order to strengthen the German share of the filling station market, Wintershall and DEA became co-owners of the BV-Aral Association in 1956, contributing their sales subsidiary NITAG (Wintershall), their filling stations (DEA) and their respective shares in Gasolin. As
14873-540: The mid-1950s. A second slogan was "Mein Benzin - Gasolin!" ("My petrol: Gasolin!"), with a new little Gasolin-man figure; this appeared in full-page black-and-white newspaper advertisements, and in colour in tips-booklets produced from 1969 in cooperation with the Hamburg painter and commercial graphic artist, Bruno Bergner [ de ] . In 1963, the trademark changed, receiving a red, rectangular frame, and with
15012-407: The name Gasolin , and knock-resistant petrol with the additive iron pentacarbonyl under the name Motalin . A petrol-benzene mixture was sold as Motorin , and a starting agent for the engine on cold days was called Supralin . In 1927, in response to accusations of defacing the environment, Gasolin commissioned the architect and designer Peter Behrens to design petrol pumps and petrol stations. At
15151-688: The name Oleawerke AG für Mineralöl-Industrie based in Frankfurt (Main), from December 1923 based in Berlin. By this time, it had already taken over Süddeutsche Oel- und Melanolwerke GmbH, based in Freiburg im Breisgau. In June 1923, Hugo Stinnes took over A. Riebeck'sche Montanwerke AG, which mainly owned mines and shares in mines in the Halle (Saale) area and Weißenfels-Zeitz; it also owned oil concessions in Argentina as well as mineral oil, paraffin, candle and montan wax factories. From them, he formed
15290-697: The off-shore platforms off the Gulf of Mexico and Permian Basin for example. The requirement will begin for workers off the Gulf of Mexico on the first of November. In the 2020s, Chevron's primary focus was on alternative energy solutions, gradual pullouts from Africa and Southeast Asia, and an increased focus on the Americas with a lessened albeit still present interest in natural gas. Chevron in February 2020 joined Marubeni Corporation and WAVE Equity Partners in investing in Carbon Clean Solutions,
15429-681: The old town were reconstructed as part of the Dom-Römer Project from 2012 to 2018. Frankonovurd (in Old High German ) or Vadum Francorum (in Latin ) were the first names mentioned in written records from 794. It transformed to Frankenfort during the Middle Ages and then to Franckfort and Franckfurth in the modern era . According to historian David Gans , the city was named c. 146 AD by its builder,
15568-433: The onshore and near-offshore regions of the Niger Delta , Chevron operates under a joint venture with the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation , operating and holding a 40% interest in 13 concessions in the region. In addition, Chevron operates the Escravos Gas Plant and the Escravos gas-to-liquids plant . Chevron has interests in four concessions in Angola, including offshore two concessions in Cabinda province ,
15707-417: The president of Chevron, Javier La Rosa. The Venezuelan ruling party said it was committed to "the development of oil production" after the easing of sanctions. The most important joint ventures where Chevron is involved in Venezuela are Petroboscán, in the west of the nation, and Petropiar, in the eastern Orinoco Belt, with a production capacity of close to 180,000 barrels per day between both projects. In
15846-412: The purpose of international use of the German-patented method for hydrogenation of coal. In 1925/1926 BASF and Standard Oil of New Jersey (today ExxonMobil ) decided to cooperate in the production of synthetic petrol from brown-coal (lignite), and to build up Hugo Stinnes-Riebeck Oel-AG as their sales company in Germany; both would participate in it directly. On 4 May 1926, Hugo Stinnes-Riebeck Oel-AG
15985-455: The refinery in Korneuburg fell to the Soviet Petroleum Administration (SMV) as "German property". In 1955, in accordance with the Austrian State Treaty (lists 3 and 4), the Soviet Union received ownership rights to Deutsche Gasolin A. G., Verteilungsstelle in Österreich, G.m.b.H. , the Austrian part of Gasolin. Subsequently, Gasolin in Austria was nationalised and taken over by Austrian Mineral Oil Administration (ÖMV, today OMV), founded in 1956,
16124-607: The renaming in 1967, the lettering 'Gasolin' also became red. Gasolin today is much loved by those who enjoy nostalgia over "Oldtimers", the German term for classic cars . Much of the historical image of Gasolin resulted from the long association between Gasolin and the German independent graphic artist, Bruno Bergner [ de ] . The 8 booklets of Gasolin-tips have outlasted Gasolin itself, and are still available: Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main ( / ˈ f r æ ŋ k f ər t / ; German: [ˈfʁaŋkfʊʁt ʔam ˈmaɪn] ; lit. " Frank ford on
16263-453: The rightful owners of part of the company. Standard Oil of New Jersey with its German subsidiary Esso AG and Royal Dutch with its German subsidiary Deutsche Shell AG both received their respective 25% ownership of the collective deed. A further 6.557% was held by the Bank Deutscher Länder and some smaller shareholders. In 1951, the trustees of I.G. Farben offered for sale 41% of the shares, with capital value amounting to 13.2 million Deutschmarks,
16402-452: The river was shallow enough to be crossed on foot. By the 19th century, the name Frankfurt had been established as the official spelling. The older English spelling of Frankfort is now rarely seen in reference to Frankfurt am Main, although more than a dozen other towns and cities, mainly in the United States, use this spelling, including Frankfort, Kentucky , Frankfort, New York , and Frankfort, Illinois . The New York Times first used
16541-404: The same time, the architect Hans Poelzig designed pre-assembled, prefabricated Leuna filling stations. In the 1930s, advertisement was mostly for Leuna petrol. The logo appeared frequently on road-maps, consisting of an open red and white fuel pump. For the 1936 Summer Olympics , the Motanol rhombus symbol, advertising Motanol engine oil was added at the bottom right. This was a red rhombus with
16680-430: The turnover in the German market. In 2010, 63 national and 152 international banks had their registered offices in Frankfurt, including Germany's major banks, notably Deutsche Bank , DZ Bank , KfW , Deka Bank and Commerzbank , as well as 41 representative offices of international banks. Frankfurt is considered a global city (alpha world city) as listed by the GaWC group's 2012 inventory. Among global cities it
16819-446: The western borders of Frankfurt lies the Kapellenberg as part of the Taunus with one of the first Stone Age cities in Europe. The Celts had different settlements in the Taunus mountains north of Frankfurt, the biggest one the Heidetrank Oppidum . The first traces of Roman settlements established in the area of the river Nidda date to the reign of Emperor Vespasian in the years 69 to 79 AD. Nida (modern Heddernheim , Praunheim )
16958-478: The world's largest oil field in Saudi Arabia, Ghawar Field . California Standard's subsidiary, California-Arabian Standard Oil Company, grew over the years and became the Arabian American Oil Company (ARAMCO) in 1944. In 1973, the Saudi government began buying into ARAMCO. By 1980, the company was entirely owned by the Saudis, and in 1988, its name was changed to Saudi Arabian Oil Company— Saudi Aramco . Standard Oil of California and Gulf Oil merged in 1984, which
17097-412: The world's-largest oil companies received immense backlash for such profits. In total, Chevron made US$ 246.3 billion in revenue and $ 36.5 billion in profit within 2022, both of which are records for the company. In addition, days before the company reported its full year earnings, Chevron increased its dividend and announced a $ 75 billion stock buyback program , a move which attracted a heated response from
17236-447: Was a Roman civitas capital ( Civitas Taunensium ). Alemanni and Franks lived there , and by 794, Charlemagne presided over an imperial assembly and church synod, at which Franconofurd (alternative spellings end with -furt and -vurd) was first mentioned. It was one of the two capitals of Charlemagne's grandson Louis the German , together with Regensburg . Louis founded the collegiate church , rededicated in 1239 to Bartholomew
17375-509: Was almost completely destroyed. It became a ground battlefield on 26 March 1945, when the Allied advance into Germany was forced to take the city in contested urban combat that included a river assault. The 5th Infantry Division and the 6th Armored Division of the United States Army captured Frankfurt after several days of intense fighting, and it was declared largely secure on 29 March 1945. Frankfurt consists to over 40% of buildings from before World War II, besides all destruction. After
17514-517: Was close to his hometown, but also because many other prominent politicians opposed the choice of Frankfurt out of concern that Frankfurt would be accepted as the permanent capital, thereby weakening the West German population's support for a reunification with East Germany and the eventual return of the capital to Berlin . Postwar reconstruction took place in a sometimes simple modern style, thus changing Frankfurt's architectural face. A few landmark buildings were reconstructed historically, albeit in
17653-439: Was compensated for its shares in Gasolin, which remained in BV-Aral. In 1961, the 100% member companies in the BV-Aral association decided to market their various products (fuels and lubricants) under the common brand-name Aral. This did not apply to Gasolin, whose shares were only 91% owned by BV-Aral (Gasolin still had some small shareholders, see above). In 1967 the name was changed to Gasolin AG. The oil refinery in Dollbergen
17792-507: Was created on territory that had formerly belonged to Seckbach and Ostend. On 1 April 1928 the City of Höchst became part of Frankfurt, as well as its city districts Sindlingen , Unterliederbach and Zeilsheim . Simultaneously the Landkreis Höchst was dispersed with its member cities either joining Frankfurt ( Fechenheim , Griesheim , Nied , Schwanheim , Sossenheim ) or joining the newly established Landkreis of Main-Taunus-Kreis . Chevron Corporation Chevron Corporation
17931-410: Was cutting up to 7,000 jobs, or 11 percent of its workforce. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic and 2020 Russia–Saudi Arabia oil price war , Chevron announced reductions of 10–15% of its workforce. Chevron's oil and gas exploration and production operations, which in the oil and gas industry are considered as " upstream " operations, are primarily in the US, Australia, Nigeria, Angola, Kazakhstan, and
18070-405: Was home to 1,909 ultra high-net-worth individuals , the sixth-highest number of any city. As of 2023, Frankfurt is the 13th-wealthiest city in the world and the second-wealthiest city in Europe (after London ). Frankfurt is a global hub for commerce, culture, education, tourism and transportation, and is the site of many global and European corporate headquarters. Due to its central location in
18209-407: Was introduced as a brand in the 1930s) for the first time in its logo. In July 2014, the Chevron Corporation logo design was officially changed, although it has been used since 2000. By 2015, the logo had been changed multiple times, with three different color schemes applied in the logo. The logo was gray, then blue, and then turned red before returning to the silver gray it is today. Chevron today
18348-414: Was only a symbolic action, as the latter effectively never ruled after the ruin of the French armies and Frankfurt's takeover by the allies. After Napoleon's final defeat and abdication, the Congress of Vienna (1814–1815) dissolved the grand-duchy and Frankfurt became a fully sovereign city-state with a republican form of government. Frankfurt entered the newly founded German Confederation (till 1866) as
18487-435: Was opened on 18 May 1848. In the year of its existence, the assembly developed a common constitution for a unified Germany, with the Prussian king as its monarch. The institution failed in 1849 when the Prussian king, Frederick William IV , declared that he would not accept "a crown from the gutter". Frankfurt lost its independence after the Austro-Prussian War in 1866 when Prussia annexed several smaller states, among them
18626-407: Was ranked tenth by the Global Power City Index 2011 and 11th by the Global City Competitiveness Index 2012 . Among financial hubs, the city was ranked eighth by the International Financial Centers Development Index 2013 and ninth in the 2013 Global Financial Centres Index . Its central location in Germany and Europe makes Frankfurt a major air, rail, and road transport hub . Frankfurt Airport
18765-446: Was renamed Deutsche Gasolin Aktiengesellschaft (D.G.A.) , registered in Berlin-Charlottenburg. The shareholders were I.G. Farben, A. Riebeck'sche Montanwerke AG, Royal Dutch, and Standard Oil of New Jersey, with 25% shares each. In the divisional structure of IG Farben, Gasolin appeared alongside the IG Oils division, together with the Nitrogen syndicate, and the sales divisions for Chemicals, Pharmaceuticals, Photo and artificial silk, and
18904-452: Was shut down in 1969. The red and white Gasolin brand and the AG survived until August 1971 when they were merged with the Wintershall subsidiary Aral, which is now part of BP. The last Gasolin headquarters was at Jordanstrasse 32 in Hanover. The approximately 3,500 filling stations in West Germany were operated from here. Today a company Gasolin GmbH still exists, at the same address as the headquarters of Aral AG in Bochum . Up to 2006,
19043-423: Was suggested by Reuters that the sales are intended to attract smaller oil companies. Chevron, however, did not do business in the 2020s without controversy and regulatory obstacles. Chevron Phillips Chemical , a company jointly owned by Chevron and Phillips 66 , agreed to pay $ 118 million in March 2022 as a result of violating the Clean Air Act at three of its chemical production plants in Texas. According to
19182-401: Was the fourth-largest producer in the region. In February 2011, Chevron celebrated the production of its 5 billionth barrel of Permian Basin oil. The Gulf of Mexico is where the company's deepest offshore drilling takes place at Tahiti and Blind Faith. The company also explored and drilled in the Marcellus Shale formation under several northeastern US states; these operations were sold to
19321-410: Was the largest merger in history at that time. To comply with U.S. antitrust law , California Standard divested many of Gulf's operating subsidiaries, and sold some Gulf stations in the eastern United States and a Philadelphia refinery which has since closed. Among the assets sold off were Gulf's retail outlets in Gulf's home market of Pittsburgh , where Chevron lacks a retail presence but does retain
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