66-772: Devilsmother is a 645-metre-high (2,116 ft) mountain in Connemara , Ireland . Devilsmother is in the Partry Mountains , at the head of Killary Harbour , overlooking the Western Way long-distance path. It sits on the border between County Galway (to the south) and County Mayo (to the north). The mountain has two Irish language names: Magairlí an Deamhain (meaning "the demon's testicles") and Binn Gharbh (meaning "rough peak"). The anglicized spellings Mogarlyandoon and Ben Garrif appear on some historical maps. Originally, it seems that Magairlí an Deamhain
132-633: A thatch -covered long house at Renvyle and acted as both clan leaders and "middlemen" for the Anglo-Irish Blake family of Galway City , who were granted much of the region under the Acts of Settlement in 1677. This arrangement continued until 1811, when Henry Blake ended a 130-year-long tradition of his family acting as absentee landlords and evicted 86-year-old Anthony O'Flaherty, his relatives, and his retainers. Henry Blake then demolished Anthony O'Flaherty's longhouse and built Renvyle House on
198-791: A Chronological account of Irish Events (collected from Very Ancient Documents faithfully compared with each other & supported by the Genealogical & Chronological Aid of the Sacred and Profane Writings of the Globe) . Ogygia , the island of Calypso in Homer 's The Odyssey , was used by Ó Flaithbheartaigh as a poetic allegory for Ireland. Drawing from numerous ancient documents, Ogygia traces Irish history back before Saint Patrick and into Pre-Christian Irish mythology . Simultaneously, however, Máirtín Mór Ó Máille , who claimed descent from
264-704: A boggy area near Clifden in 1919. At the beginning of the Irish War of Independence , the IRA in Connemara had active service companies in Shanafaraghaun, Maam , Kilmilkin, Cornamona , Clonbur , Carraroe , Lettermore , Gorumna , Rosmuc , Letterfrack , and Renvyle . The Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC), on the other hand, was based at fortified barracks at Clifden, Letterfrack, Leenane , Clonbur, Rosmuc, and Maam. IRA veteran Jack Feehan later recalled of
330-405: A dive for his gun as I passed and we wheeled and opened up. They were shot." As both officers lay dying, the IRA men were seen to bend over them and remove their weapons and ammunition, before withdrawing from the scene with other RIC Constables in pursuit. Peter Joseph McDonnell later recalled, "They had a rifle and a revolver, fifty rounds of ammo, and belts and pouches." Canon Joseph MacAlpine
396-821: A permanent and very dangerous enemy out of his mother's former ally; Grace O'Malley. The latter was swift to retaliate by launching an English-backed regime change war, in which she fought against Hugh Roe in order to wrest the White Wand of the Chiefdom away from Tiobóid Mac Walter Ciotach and give it to her son. She was joined in this by the Clan O'Flaherty and the Irish clans of Connemara who followed their mantle. Irish clan chief, historian, and refugee in Habsburg Spain Philip O'Sullivan Beare later went on
462-537: A remedy for all these evils, had it not been that they were destroyed from within by another and greater internal disease. For most of the families, clans, and towns of the Catholic chiefs, who took up arms in defense of the Catholic Faith, were divided into different factions, each having different leaders and following lords who were fighting for their estates and chieftaincies. The less powerful of them joined
528-466: A ship filled with MacConroy and MacAnally clansmen, than a ship filled with gold"). Even though she has traditionally been viewed as a icon of Irish nationalism , Grace O'Malley, in reality, sided with Queen Elizabeth I against Red Hugh O'Donnell and Aodh Mór Ó Néill during the Nine Years War . Even though O'Donnell and O'Neill were seeking primarily to end the religious persecution of
594-510: A thriving shop and post office, as well as a handball alley and pub. A motor garage was housed in a former blacksmith shop. A horse named Streamstown competed in the 2002 Grand National Steeplechase , finishing in ninth place. Streamstown railway station opened on 1 August 1851 and finally closed on 17 June 1963. Midland Great Western Railway from Athlone to Mullingar formed part of the main route between Dublin, County Galway and County Mayo until 1987, when Córas Iompair Éireann (CIÉ) closed
660-470: Is muir , genitive mara , hence "of the sea"). One common definition of the area is that it consists of most of west Galway, that is to say the part of the county west of Lough Corrib and Galway city, contained by Killary Harbour , Galway Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. Some more restrictive definitions of Connemara define it as the historical territory of Conmhaícne Mara , i.e. just
726-420: Is Clifden , which is surrounded by an area rich with megalithic tombs. The famous " Connemara Green marble " is found outcropping along a line between Streamstown and Lissoughter . It was a trade treasure used by the inhabitants in prehistoric times. It continues to be of great value today. It is available in large dimensional slabs suitable for buildings as well as for smaller pieces of jewellery. Before
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#1732782394529792-590: Is in the northwest. It is mostly rural and its largest settlement is Clifden . "Connemara" derives from the tribal name Conmhaícne Mara , which designated a branch of the Conmacne , an early tribal grouping that had a number of branches located in different parts of Connacht . Since this particular branch of the Conmacne lived by the sea, they became known as the Conmacne Mara (sea in Irish
858-515: Is now Connemara was once called Delbhna Tír Dhá Locha , and was ruled by Kings who claimed descent from the Delbhna and Dál gCais of Thomond and kinship with King Brian Boru . The Kings of Delbhna Tír Dhá Locha eventually took the title and surname Mac Con Raoi (since anglicised as Conroy or King). The Chief of the Name of Clan Mac Con Raoi directly ruled as Lord of Gnó Mhór, which
924-584: Is one located along the boreen named Baile Eamoinn near Spiddal . Two others are located at Barr na Daoire and at Caorán Beag in Carraroe . A fourth, Cluain Duibh , is located near Moycullen at Clooniff. Tim Robinson has written of a fifth Mass rock, located in the Townland of "An Tulaigh", which also includes two holy wells and, formerly, a Christian pilgrimage chapel dedicated to St. Columkille , who
990-528: Is said in the oral tradition to have visited the region. The Mass rock was built from several of the many boulders scattered by glaciers around Lough Clurra and is named in Irish "Cloch an tSagairt" ("Stone of the Priest"), but which was formerly marked as " Druid 's altar" and dolmen on the old Ordnance Survey maps. After taking the island in 1653, the New Model Army of Oliver Cromwell turned
1056-704: The Conmhaícne Mara . During the early 13th century, but all four clans were displaced and subjugated by the Chiefs of Clan Ó Flaithbertaigh , who had been driven west from Maigh Seola into Iar Connacht by the Mac William Uachtar branch of the House of Burgh , during the Hiberno-Norman invasion of Connacht . According to Irish–American historian Bridget Connelly, "By
1122-544: The Anglo-Irish Martin family being greatly affected and the bankrupted landlord being forced to auction off the estate in 1849: As that year of 1847 had been the worst of several consecutive years of famine, it was to be understood that those missing tenants had abandoned their holdings to crowd into the workhouses or the emigrant ships to the New World, or they were dead; in any case they no longer infested
1188-466: The Black and Tans . Crown security forces often requested rides from Conneely, who covertly used the opportunity to ask questions about secret military operations during the drive. On one occasion, two Special Constables accepted a ride to Leenane from Conneely without realizing that they were sitting the whole time next to crates filled with guns and ammunition. After dropping both men off, Conneely delivered
1254-696: The Catholic Church in Ireland by the English Queen her officials, O'Malley almost certainly considered herself completely justified under the code of conduct in siding with the Crown of England against them. The feud began in 1595, when O'Donnell re-instated the Chiefdom of Clan MacWilliam Íochdar of the completely Gaelicised House of Burgh in County Mayo , which had been abolished under
1320-533: The Land War in Connemara." During the famous battle, Mr. Fenton, the landlord's process server, arrived to serve evictions with the protection and support of an estimated 260 officers of the Royal Irish Constabulary . They were met by the violent resistance of an estimated 2000 members of the local population. Tim Robinson writes, "Local Seanchas has it that there were many unfamiliar faces in
1386-512: The Tudor and Cromwellian conquests , Connemara, like the rest of Gaelic Ireland , was ruled by Irish clans whose Chiefs and their derbhfine were expected to follow the same code of honour also expected of Scottish clan chiefs . In his biography of Rob Roy MacGregor , W.H. Murray described the code of honour as follows, "The abiding principle is cast up from the records of detail: that right must be seen to be done, no man left destitute,
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#17327823945291452-457: The anti-Catholic activities of the local Irish Church Missions , which, "caused much unrest and bitterness". Local Irish folklore accordingly glorifies a local rapparee known as Scorach Ghlionnáin , who was allegedly born illegitimately in a seaside cave in the Townland of An Tulaigh. He is said to often and successfully have stolen from the Blake family and their land agents and given to
1518-488: The derbhfine of the last Chief of the Name of the Clan O'Malley and Lord of Umhaill as well as kinship with the famous pirate queen Grace O'Malley , ran much of Anglo-Irish landlord Richard "Humanity Dick" Martin 's estates from his residence at "Keeraun House" and the surrounding region, which are still known locally as "the demesne " ( Irish : An Diméin ), as a "middleman" ( Irish : ceithearnach ). From
1584-521: The Chiefs of Clans O'Malley , O'Dowd , and O'Flaherty , among "the Sea Kings of Connacht". The nearby kingdom of Gnó Beag was ruled by the Chief of the Name of Clan Ó hÉanaí (usually anglicised as Heaney or Heeney). The Ó Cadhla (Kealy) clan were the rulers of West Connemara. Like the Chiefs of Clan Ó Cadhla clan, the Chiefs of Clan Mac Conghaile (Conneely) also claimed descent from
1650-480: The English party in the hope of gaining the chieftainship of their clans, if the existing chieftains were removed from their position and property, and the English craftily held out that hope to them. Thus, short-sighted men, putting their private affairs before the public defence of their Holy Faith, turned their allies, followers, and towns from the Catholic chiefs and transferred to the English great resources, but in
1716-655: The IRA's most valuable intelligence officers during the ensuing conflict was Letterfrack native Jack Conneely, who had served as a Sergeant in the Royal Engineers during the First World War . Following the Armistice, Conneely had returned to Connemara and accepted a position as the driver for the Leenane Hotel. Due to his war record, Conneely was trusted completely by oblivious Special Constables of
1782-671: The Irish Chiefs, by promising their honours and revenues to such of their own kinsmen as would seduce their followers and allies from them, but when the war was over the English did not keep their promises." Before the Suppression of the Monasteries was spread to Connemara, the Dominican Order had a monastery about 2 miles (3.2 km) to the north of what is now Roundstone ( Irish : Cloch na Rón ). During
1848-607: The Sinn Fein political party in Connemara, the militantly anti-monarchist Irish Republican Brotherhood had a number of active units throughout the region. Furthermore, many County Galway veterans of the subsequent Irish War of Independence traced their belief in Irish republicanism to a father or grandfather who had been in the IRB. The first transatlantic flight, piloted by British aviators John Alcock and Arthur Brown , landed in
1914-538: The West Connemara Brigade decided to follow the IRA's "Two for One" policy by assassinating two Royal Irish Constabulary officers in Whelan's birthplace of Clifden , which until then had been, according to Rosmuc IRA commander Colm Ó Gaora, "gach uile lá riamh dílis do dhlí Shasana" , ("ever single day that ever was, loyal to England's law"). According to Peter McDonnell, the night of 15 March 1921
1980-585: The arms shipment to a safe house along Killary Harbour , where the arms were picked up and carried by sea to the IRA in County Mayo . But the national leadership of the Irish Volunteers was so dissatisfied by the inefficiency and internal squabbling of the IRA in Connemara that, in September 1920, Brigade Commandant Peter McDonnell was summoned to a secret meeting at Kilmilkin with IRA Chief of Staff Richard Mulcahy , who promoted MacDonnell on
2046-577: The centuries of religious persecution of the Catholic Church in Ireland that began under Henry VIII and ended only with Catholic Emancipation in 1829, the Irish people , according to Marcus Tanner, clung to the Mass , " crossed themselves when they passed Protestant ministers on the road, had to be dragged into Protestant churches and put cotton wool in their ears rather than listen to Protestant sermons." According to historian and folklorist Seumas MacManus , "Throughout these dreadful centuries, too,
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2112-854: The coastal areas it was the price they got for their kelp that paid the rent." In response, Father Patrick Grealy, the Roman Catholic priest assigned to Carna, selected ten, "very destitute but industrious and virtuous families", from his parish to emigrate to America and be settled upon frontier homesteads in Moonshine Township , near Graceville, Minnesota , by Bishop John Ireland of the Roman Catholic Diocese of St. Paul . In 1880 efforts by landlord Martin S. Kirwan to evict his starving tenants resulted in "The Battle of Carraroe" ( Irish : Cath na Ceathrú Rua ), which Tim Robinson has dubbed, "the most dramatic event of
2178-514: The crowd – the dead, come up from the Old graveyard at Barr an Doire to protect the homes of their descendants, it was said." ( Irish : "Tá sé sa seanchas áitiúil go raibh éadain strainséartha le feiceáil sa slua – na mairbh a bhí tagtha aníos as an tseanreilig i mBarr an Doire le seantithe a muintire a shábháil, ceaptar." ) After escalating violence forced him to retreat to the RIC barracks before completing
2244-628: The efforts of the Archbishop of Dublin and of Monsignor Joseph MacAlpine, the parish priest of St. Joseph's Roman Catholic Church in Clifden and Irish Parliamentary Party political boss of the surrounding region, to save his life out of a firm believe that he had not been involved in Captain Baggelly's assassination, Whelan was found guilty and subjected to execution by hanging on 14 March 1921. In retaliation, Peter J. McDonnell and
2310-469: The end did not obtain what they wished for, but accomplished what they did not desire. For it was not they, but the English who got the properties of and rich patrimonies of the Catholic nobles and their kinsmen; and the Holy Faith of Christ Jesus, bereft of its defenders, lay open to the barbarous violence and lust of the heretics. There was one device by which the English were able to crush the forces of
2376-488: The far northwest of County Galway, bordering County Mayo . The name is also used to describe the Gaeltacht (Irish-speaking areas) of western County Galway, though it is argued that this too is inaccurate as some of these areas lie outside of the traditional boundary of Connemara. There are arguments about where Connemara ends as it approaches Galway city, which is definitely not in Connemara – some argue for Barna , on
2442-483: The given word honoured, the strictest honour observed to all who have given implicit trust, and that a guest's confidence in his safety must never be betrayed by his host, or vice versa . There was more of like kind, and each held as its kernel the simple ideal of trust honoured... Breaches of it were abhorred and damned... The ideal was applied 'with discretion'. Its interpretation went deeply into domestic life, but stayed shallow for war and politics." The east of what
2508-529: The ground, which was left as a blank canvas on which Capital could paint a fair and profitable landscape. The Sean nós song Johnny Seoighe is one of the few Irish songs from the era of the Great Famine that still survives. The events of the Great Irish Famine in Connemara have since inspired the recent Irish-language films Black '47 , directed by Lance Daly , and Arracht , which
2574-457: The hunted priest -- who in his youth had been smuggled to the Continent of Europe to receive his training -- tended the flame of faith. He lurked like a thief among the hills. On Sundays and Feast Days he celebrated Mass at a rock, on a remote mountainside, while the congregation knelt on the heather of the hillside, under the open heavens. While he said Mass, faithful sentries watched from all
2640-644: The line and severing the rail link between Athlone and Mullingar. This section of rail line has since been developed into the Athlone to Mullingar Cycleway , which opened in October 2015. Streamstown has a fox hunting club called the Streamstown Harriers, affiliated with the Irish Masters of Harriers Association . This article related to the geography of County Westmeath , Ireland
2706-496: The list of chieftains whose names appeared on the document. The Articles deprived all the original Irish clan chieftains not only of their title but also all of the rents, dues, and tribal rights they had possessed under Irish law ." During the 16th century, but legendary local pirate queen Grace O'Malley is on record as having said, with regard to her followers, ( Irish : "Go mb'fhearr léi lán loinge de chlann Chonraoi agus de chlann Mhic an Fhailí ná lán loinge d'ór" ) ("Better
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2772-524: The nearby hilltops, to give timely warning of the approaching priest-hunter and his guard of British soldiers. But sometimes the troops came on them unawares, and the Mass Rock was bespattered with his blood, -- and men, women, and children caught in the crime of worshipping God among the rocks, were frequently slaughtered on the mountainside." According to historian and folklorist Tony Nugent, several Mass rocks survive in Connemara from this era. There
2838-517: The nearby island of Inishbofin, County Galway , into a prison camp for Roman Catholic priests arrested while exercising their religious ministry covertly in other parts of Ireland. Inishmore , in the nearby Aran Islands , was used for exactly the same purpose. The last priests held on both islands were finally released following the Stuart Restoration in 1662. One of the last Chiefs of Clan O'Flaherty and Lord of Iar Connacht
2904-518: The outskirts of Galway City , some for a line from Oughterard to Maam Cross , and then diagonally down to the coast, all within rural lands. The wider area of what is today known as Connemara was previously a sovereign kingdom known as Iar Connacht , under the kingship of the Ó Flaithbertaigh , until it became part of the English-administered Kingdom of Ireland in the 16th century. The main town of Connemara
2970-424: The policy of surrender and regrant . Instead, however, of allowing Clan a Burc to summon a gathering at which the nobles and commons would debate and then choose one of the derbhfine of the last chief to lead them, O'Donnell instead chose to appoint his ally Tiobóid mac Walter Ciotach Búrca as Chief of the Name. By passing over the claim of her son Tiobóid na Long Búrca to the Chiefdom, O'Donnell made himself
3036-603: The poor, until enlisting in the British Army and losing his life in the Crimean War . The Blake family are also said in the local oral tradition to have been permanently banished from the region by a curse put on them by a local Roman Catholic priest who dabbled in Pre-Christian sorcery. Elsewhere in Connemara, Anglo-Irish landlord John D'Arcy (1785-1839), who bankrupted both himself and his heirs to found
3102-517: The record as a very harsh critic of Niall Garbh O'Donnell , Tiobóid na Long Búrca , Grace O'Malley , and other members of the Gaelic nobility of Ireland who similarly launched regime change wars within their clans with English backing. Having the benefit of hindsight regarding the long-term fallout from Tiobóid na Long Búrca's uprising against his Chief and many others like it nationwide, O'Sullivan Beare wrote, "The Catholics might have been able to find
3168-597: The region at the outbreak of the conflict, "In South Connemara from Spiddal to Lettermullen the brewing (of poitín ) was very strong and it went out as far as Carna . The people there were against the RIC more or less because they used to search for poitín, save in the Leenane area where the tourists came and Clifden were there were tourists and people who wanted to be friendly to law and good money." According to both historian Kathleen Villiers-Tuthill and former West Connemara Brigade IRA O/C Peter J. McDonnell, one of
3234-498: The rock known as "O'Malley's Seat ( Irish : Suístín Uí Mháille ) at the mouth of the creek known as An Dólain near the village of An Caorán Beag in Carraroe , Ó Máille also ran, with the enthusiastic collusion of his employer, one of the busiest smuggling operations in South Connemara and regularly unloaded cargoes smuggled in from Guernsey . Like many other members of the Gaelic nobility of Ireland before him, Ó Máille
3300-482: The seed-potatoes on which the next seasons crop depended. In January 1880 after another tour of Connemara, he reported that the Poor Law Unions of the coastal areas were providing no outdoor relief (i.e. road-building schemes, etc.), and that the people faced starvation in the months before the summer. Not only was potato-blight prevalent, but it seems the kelp market had failed, and for most small tenants of
3366-665: The site. Even though Henry Blake later termed the eviction of Anthony O'Flaherty in Letters from the Irish Highlands , as "the dawn of law in Cunnemara" ( sic ), the Anglo-Irish Blake family, who remained in the region until the 1920s, are recalled in Connemara, as, "famously bad landlords" with an alleged sense of sexual entitlement regarding the female tenants on their estates and as enthusiastic supporters of
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#17327823945293432-426: The spot to Officer Commanding of the West Connemara Brigade. The assassination of 14 British Intelligence officers from the Cairo Gang in Dublin on Bloody Sunday , was followed by the arrest and court-martial of Connemara-native Thomas Whelan for high treason and the first degree murder of Captain B.T. Baggelly at 119 Lower Baggot Street . Whelan, however, was a Volunteer in the IRA's Dublin Brigade but
3498-451: The third eviction, Mr. Fenton wrote a letter to the land agent at Roundstone ( Irish : Cloch na Rón ); announcing his refusal to serve more evictions. According to historian Cormac Ó Comhraí, between the Land War and the First World War , politics in Connemara was largely dominated by the pro- Home Rule Irish Parliamentary Party and its ally, the United Irish League . At the same time, though, despite an almost complete absence of
3564-426: The thirteenth century, the original inhabitants, the clans Conneely, Ó Cadhain, Ó Folan, and MacConroy, had been steadily driven westward from the Moycullen area to the seacoast between Moyrus and the Killaries . And by 1586, with the signing of the Articles of the Composition of Connacht that made Morrough O'Flaherty landlord over all in the name of Queen Elizabeth I , the MacConneelys and Ó Folans had sunk beneath
3630-404: The town of Clifden , is recalled much more fondly. In 1843, Daniel O'Connell , the mastermind of the successful campaign for Catholic Emancipation , held a 'Monster Meeting' at Clifden , attended by a crowd reportedly numbering 100,000, before whom he spoke on repeal of the Act of Union . Connemara was drastically depopulated during the Great Famine in the late 1840s, with the lands of
3696-467: The west of Ireland. The area has a strong association with traditional Irish culture and contains much of the Connacht Irish -speaking Gaeltacht , which is a key part of the identity of the region and is the largest Gaeltacht in the country. Historically, Connemara was part of the territory of Iar Connacht (West Connacht). Geographically, it has many mountains (notably the Twelve Pins ), peninsulas, coves, islands and small lakes. Connemara National Park
3762-498: Was a legendary figure even in his own lifetime, entertaining all guests with several barrels of wine and feasts of roasted sheep and cattle, which were always fully eaten before having to be salted. This arrangement continued until around 1800. While hosting Rt.-Rev. Edmund Ffrench , the Dominican Warden of Galway and future Roman Catholic Bishop of Kilmacduagh and Kilfenora , however, Máirtín Mór Ó Máille presided over an accidental breach of hospitality. As Warden Ffrench's visit
3828-415: Was directed by Tomás Ó Súilleabháin . The Irish Famine of 1879 similarly caused mass starvation, evictions, and violence in Connemara against the abuses of power by local Anglo-Irish landlords, bailiffs, and the Royal Irish Constabulary . According to Tim Robinson, " Michael Davitt , founder of the Land League ... visited An Cheathrú Rua [in 1879] and... found that the tenantry was reduced to eating
3894-409: Was immediately summoned and gave both Constables the Last Rites before their deaths. Streamstown Streamstown ( Irish : Baile an tSrutháin ) is a village in County Westmeath , Ireland . It sits roughly 20 km from the county town of Mullingar . Streamstown was historically called Ballintruhan , which is an anglicisation of its Irish name. The village is now in decline but once housed
3960-453: Was later divided into the civil parishes of Kilcummin and Killannin. As was common practice at the time, due to the power they wielded through their war galleys , the Chiefs of Clan Mac Conraoi also fulfilled their duty to be providers for their clan members by demanding and receiving black rent on pain of piracy against ships who fished or traded within the Clan's territory. The Chiefs of Clan Mac Conraoi were accordingly numbered, along with
4026-426: Was mortally wounded. Sir Richard Martin, who had not been in Connemara at the time, was shocked and angry to hear of his middleman's death, saying, "Ó Máille preferred a hole in his guts to one in his honour, but there wouldn't have been a hole in either if I'd been told of it!" Meanwhile another branch of the Gaelic nobility, who claimed descent from the derbhfine of the last O'Flaherty Chiefs, similarly lived in
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#17327823945294092-487: Was not involved with Michael Collins ' Squad , which had carried out the assassinations that morning. Therefore, in a break from typical IRA practice in such trials, Whelan recognized the court, pled not guilty, and accepted the services of a defense attorney, who introduced the sworn testimony of multiple alibi witnesses who stated that Whelan had attended a late morning Mass and had been seen to receive Holy Communion in Ringsend on Bloody Sunday. Despite this testimony and
4158-405: Was on a Friday, the Friar's was only eating fish and seafood. When one of the household servants of Máirtín Mór accidentally poured a meat gravy upon his plate, the future Bishop understood that it was unintentional and graciously waved the plate away. The future Bishop's cousin, Thomas Ffrench , however, was less forgiving and demanded satisfaction. This resulted in a duel during which Máirtín Mór
4224-612: Was selected, "to go into Clifden, get grub, and have a crack at the patrol." At the time, between 18 and 20 policemen were always stationed in the town. After finding the police had returned to barracks, the IRA withdrew temporarily, spent the night at, "the little lodge of Jim King near Kilcock" ( sic ), and, on the evening of 16 March 1921, the patrol reentered Clifden from the south. A party of six IRA men then approached RIC Constables Charles Reynolds and Thomas Sweeney near "Eddie King's Pub". McDonnell later recalled, "I saw two RIC against Eddie King's window and they noticed us. One of them made
4290-461: Was the 17th-century historian Ruaidhrí Ó Flaithbheartaigh , who lost the greater part of his ancestral lands during the Cromwellian confiscations of the 1650s. After being dispossessed, Ó Flaithbheartaigh settled near Spiddal wrote a book of Irish history in Neo-Latin titled Ogygia , which was published in 1685 as Ogygia: seu Rerum Hibernicarum Chronologia & etc. , in 1793 it was translated into English by Rev. James Hely, as Ogygia, or
4356-428: Was the knobbly end of the mountain's northern ridge, while Binn Gharbh was the mountain as a whole. The English name Devilsmother may be "a euphemistic false translation" or may be based on an alternative name. Connemara Connemara ( / ˌ k ɒ n ɪ ˈ m ɑːr ə / KON -ih- MAR -ə ; Irish : Conamara [ˌkʊnˠəˈmˠaɾˠə] ) is a region on the Atlantic coast of western County Galway , in
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