106-570: The Dearborn Inn, A Marriott Hotel is a historic hotel in the suburban city of Dearborn, Michigan in Metro Detroit . It opened in 1931 and closed in February 2023 for renovations. It was conceived by Henry Ford , who saw a need for food and accommodations for visitors flying into the nearby Ford Airport , making it one of the first airport hotels. It is located at 20301 Oakwood Boulevard near The Henry Ford Museum of American Innovation and
212-655: A Ford Tri-Motor airplane . In 1960, two motor lodges were completed, adding another 54 rooms to The Dearborn Inn complex. Named after two geniuses of American ingenuity admired by Henry Ford, the Burbank House (in honor of horticulturalist Luther Burbank ) and the McGuffey House (in honor of Dr. William Holmes McGuffey , author of the McGuffey Readers ) were designed to offer larger rooms and suites for families and bridal couples. Ballroom dancing
318-481: A eugenic and euthenic manner, though he does not directly reference either. His support for eugenic methods is couched in his horticultural methodology and he makes direct analogies between the two, comparing the population of the United States to a massive outcrossing experiment: We are more crossed than any other nation in the history of the world, and here we meet the same results that are always seen in
424-624: A 2023 census. Before European encounter, the area had been inhabited for thousands of years by successive First Nations peoples . Historical tribes belonged mostly to the Algonquian -language family, especially the Council of Three Fires , the Potawatomi and related peoples. In contrast, the Huron (Wyandot) were Iroquoian speaking. French colonists had a trading post at Fort Detroit and
530-525: A Georgian inn to serve Ford's Dearborn airport. The Dearborn hotel is now recognized on the National Register of Historic Places and features 231 rooms, including five Colonial guest homes, built in 1937. While thoughtful interior renovations have occurred over the Dearborn hotel's 82-year history, the exterior has remained the same as Ford's original vision. Additional features include Edison's,
636-637: A Negro to live in his suburb." Hubbard told the Montgomery Advertiser in the mid-1950s, "Negroes can't get in here. Every time we hear of a Negro moving in, we respond quicker than you do to a fire." The area between Dearborn and Fordson was undeveloped, and remains so in part. Once farm land, much of this property was bought by Henry Ford for his estate, Fair Lane , and for the Ford Motor Company World Headquarters. Later developments in this corridor were
742-534: A boundless spiritual reverence". Burbank had received Kriya Yoga initiation from Paramahansa Yogananda, and he is quoted as saying "I practice the technique devoutly, Swamiji...Sometimes I feel very close to the infinite power...then i have been able to heal sick persons around me, as well as many ailing plants". He is also recorded as saying the following in relation to his deceased mother "Many times since her death I have been blessed by her appearance in visions; she has spoken to me." In mid-March 1926, Burbank suffered
848-542: A campus of the University of Michigan , and Henry Ford College . The Henry Ford is the largest indoor-outdoor historic museum complex in the United States, and Metro Detroit 's leading tourist attraction. Dearborn residents are Americans primarily of European or Middle Eastern ancestry, many descendants of 19th and 20th-century immigrants. The census identifies primary European ethnicities as German , Polish , Irish , and Italian . New waves of immigration came from
954-636: A charter school in the 2007–08 school year. A small portion of the city limits is within the Westwood Community School District . The sections of Dearborn within the district are zoned for industrial and commercial uses. The Islamic Center of America operates the Muslim American Youth Academy (MAYA), an Islamic elementary and middle school. The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Detroit operates Sacred Heart Elementary School. It previously operated
1060-521: A complete renovation of guest rooms and corridors as well as the addition of modern technological amenities. In 2009, AAA recognized The Dearborn Inn as one of its top 10 U.S. historic hotels. The hotel closed in February 2023 for renovations. The Dearborn Inn is located two blocks from The Henry Ford , home of the Henry Ford Museum, Greenfield Village, Rouge Factory Tour, and Giant Screen Experience, and near other area attractions, such as
1166-556: A constant delight to me during all my seventy-seven years of life; and I love flowers, trees, animals, and all the works of Nature as they pass before us in time and space. What a joy life is when you have made a close working partnership with Nature, helping her to produce for the benefit of mankind new forms, colors, and perfumes in flowers which were never known before; fruits in form, size, and flavor never before seen on this globe; and grains of enormously increased productiveness, whose fat kernels are filled with more and better nourishment,
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#17327730566801272-518: A fan club – The Luther Burbank Society. The group took it upon themselves to publish his discoveries and manage his business affairs, affording him some additional means by which to live. From 1904 through 1909, Burbank received several grants from the Carnegie Institution to support his ongoing research on hybridization. He was supported by the practical-minded Andrew Carnegie himself, over those of his advisers who objected that Burbank
1378-565: A few miles away, had special accommodations on the Inn's first floor, and today, one wing of the first floor is still known as “Pilot’s Row”. The Dearborn Inn secured its place in hospitality history with many industry “firsts”. It was called the first airport hotel when it opened although the Oakland Airport Inn had, in fact, opened two years earlier. In 1937, it became the nation's first hotel to have air conditioning , and in 1961, it
1484-645: A fine dining restaurant; the Ten Eyck Tavern, a home-style dining establishment; a seasonal outdoor pool; and 17,000 square feet (1,600 m) of meeting space including the Alexandria Ballroom, which Ford commissioned to satisfy his love of dancing. In 1931, Henry Ford determined the need for lodging near his airport in Dearborn, Michigan, and he commissioned prominent architect Albert Kahn , who built many of Detroit's magnificent landmarks to design The Dearborn Inn. Characteristically, Ford took
1590-547: A free public showplace). The gardens include a thornless rose, spineless cactus, rainbow corn, a hybrid mulberry tree (which Luther hoped would spark an American silk industry) and his red combustion plant ( Euonymus alatus ). Burbank created hundreds of new varieties of fruits (plum, pear, prune, peach, blackberry, raspberry); potato, tomato; ornamental flowers and other plants. He introduced over 800 new plants, including flowers, grains, grasses, vegetables, cacti, and fruits. On paper his method seems simple, but in practice it
1696-702: A high-yielding but susceptible pea, the goal of the cross being to introduce mildew resistance without losing the high-yield characteristics. Progeny from the cross would then be crossed with the high-yielding parent to ensure that the progeny were most like the high-yielding parent, ( backcrossing ). The progeny from that cross would then be tested for yield and mildew resistance and high-yielding resistant plants would be further developed. Plants may also be crossed with themselves to produce inbred varieties for breeding. Classical breeding relies largely on homologous recombination between chromosomes to generate genetic diversity . The classical plant breeder may also make use of
1802-404: A household in the city was $ 44,560, and the median income for a family was $ 53,060. Males had a median income of $ 45,114 versus $ 33,872 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 21,488. About 12.2% of families and 16.1% of the population were below the poverty line , including 24.4% of those under age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 and over. As of the 2012 estimate, Dearborn's population
1908-520: A large number of supporters of Islamic extremism in the area. Mayor Abdullah Hammoud said the article was inflammatory and was responsible for increased online hate speech against the city's citizens, so he increased police patrols. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 24.5 square miles (63 km ), of which 24.4 square miles (63 km ) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km ) (0.37%)
2014-472: A major manufacturing hub for the automotive industry. Henry Ford was born on a farm that was once at the intersection of Ford Road and Greenfield Road. Ford later built his estate, Fair Lane , and his River Rouge Complex , the largest factory of his empire, in Dearborn. He developed mass production of automobiles, and based the world headquarters of the Ford Motor Company here. The city has
2120-483: A much-crossed race of plants: all the worst as well as all the best qualities of each are brought out in their fullest intensities. When all the necessary crossing has been done, then comes the elimination, the work of refining, until we shall get an ultimate product that should be the finest race ever. During his career, Burbank wrote and co-wrote several books on his methods and results, including his eight-volume How Plants Are Trained to Work for Man (1921), Harvest of
2226-455: A number of in vitro techniques such as protoplast fusion, embryo rescue or mutagenesis (see below) to generate diversity and produce hybrid plants that would not exist in nature . Traits that breeders have tried to incorporate into crop plants in the last 100 years include: Burbank cross-pollinated the flowers of plants by hand and planted all the resulting seeds. He then selected the most promising plants to cross with other ones. Burbank
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#17327730566802332-524: A plan for the library and campaigned for it. Around April 1963 the Ford Motor Company granted the City of Dearborn $ 3 million to build a library as a memorial to Henry Ford . The company deeded 15.3 acres (6.2 ha) of vacant land for the public library to the city on July 30, 1963, the centennial or 100th anniversary of Henry Ford's birth. The Ford Foundation later granted the library an additional $ 500,000 for supplies and equipment. On November 25, 1969,
2438-664: A reporter from the San Francisco Bulletin with the following statement: I am an infidel today. I do not believe what has been served to me to believe. I am a doubter, a questioner, a skeptic. When it can be proved to me that there is immortality, that there is resurrection beyond the gates of death, then will I believe. Until then, no. Paramahansa Yogananda wrote in Autobiography of a Yogi that "Intimate communion with Nature, who unlocked to him [Burbank] many of her jealously guarded secrets, had given Burbank
2544-461: A rigid selection of the best and as rigid an exclusion of the poorest, rests the hope of all progress. The mere crossing of species, unaccompanied by selection, wise supervision, intelligent care, and the utmost patience, is not likely to result in marked good, and may result in vast harm. This belief in the benefit of crossing human "species" and his staunch support for Lamarckian inheritance put him somewhat at odds with mainstream eugenic views of
2650-701: A settlement developed there in the colonial period. Another developed on the south side of the Detroit River in what is now southwestern Ontario, near a Huron mission village. French and French-Canadian colonists also established farms at Dearborn in this period. France ceded all of its territory east of the Mississippi River in North America to Great Britain in 1763 after losing to Britain in the Seven Years' War . Beginning in 1786, after
2756-531: A small Colonial Village and adding 31 guestrooms to the Inn. Guests today can still enjoy a stay in the reproduction homes of famous Americans: Edgar Allan Poe , Walt Whitman , Barbara Fritchie , Oliver Wolcott , and Patrick Henry . While the original plan called for 18 historic homes in the Colonial Village, World War II halted further expansion. During the war, pilots from the Detroit airport, just
2862-406: A small portion of Dearborn Heights residents, attend Dearborn Public Schools . The system operates 34 schools including the major high schools Fordson High School , Dearborn High School , and Edsel Ford High School . The public schools serve more than 18,000 students in the fourth-largest district in the state. Divine Child High School and Elementary School are private schools in Dearborn;
2968-538: A spineless cactus (useful for cattle-feed) and the plumcot . Burbank's most successful strains and varieties included the Shasta daisy , the fire poppy (note possible confusion with the California wildflower, Papaver californicum , which is also called a fire poppy), the "July Elberta" peach , the "Santa Rosa" plum, the "Flaming Gold" nectarine , the "Wickson" plum (named after the agronomist Edward J. Wickson ),
3074-793: A time, the city owned the Dearborn Towers apartment complex in Clearwater, Florida , but this has been sold. Camp Dearborn is considered part of the city of Dearborn. Revenues generated by camp admissions are incorporated into the city's budget. As of the 2010 census, the population of Dearborn was 98,153. The racial and ethnic composition was 89.1% White , 4.0% black or African-American, 0.2% Native American, 1.7% Asian, 0.2% Non-Hispanic of some other race, 4.0% reporting two or more races and 3.4% Hispanic or Latino. 41.7% were of Arab ancestry (categorized as "White" in Census collection data). In
3180-481: A total of 17,000 square feet (1,600 m). On December 10, 1982, the National Park Service placed The Dearborn Inn on the National Register of Historic Places . The Michigan State Historic Register listed The Dearborn Inn and Colonial Homes on February 10, 1983. The hotel underwent extensive renovation and expansion in 1987, which enlarged the banquet facilities, increased and completely refurbished
3286-524: A veritable storehouse of perfect food—new food for all the world's untold millions for all time to come. Luther Burbank was highly revered throughout the United States of America. In September 1905 a group of California's most influential businessmen, intellectuals, and politicians gathered at a banquet thrown in honor of Luther Burbank by the State Board of Trade . Many people spoke about Burbank, such as Senator Perkins who stated that Burbank could teach
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3392-479: A very active part in the development of the hotel. The Dearborn Inn was situated on a 23-acre (93,000 m) site on Oakwood Boulevard across the street from Ford Airport . The Colonial Revival style of the Inn was in harmony with the nearby Edison Institute , and the Inn's décor was early American colonial, a style favored by Henry Ford. With great fanfare, The Dearborn Inn opened for business in July 1931; Henry Ford
3498-608: Is an 8.4 acres (3.4 hectares) island about three miles (5 km) upriver on the River Rouge from its confluence with the Detroit River . It is the only major island in a tributary to the Detroit River. It was created in 1922 when engineers dug a secondary trench to reroute the River Rouge to increase navigability for shipping purposes, and businesses needed it to be navigable by the large lake freighters . The island
3604-465: Is now open to the public as a city park, Luther Burbank Home and Gardens .) Later he purchased an 18-acre (7.3 ha) plot of land in the nearby town of Sebastopol , called Gold Ridge Farm . Burbank became known through his plant catalogs, the most famous being 1893's "New Creations in Fruits and Flowers," and through the word of mouth of satisfied customers, as well as press reports that kept him in
3710-595: Is one rail stop in Dearborn: the John D. Dingell Transit Center . Amtrak operates on the Michigan Department of Transportation Michigan Line. This track runs from Dearborn to Kalamazoo, Michigan. CSX Transportation 's Detroit Subdivision, Canadian National Railway / Grand Trunk Western Railroad 's Dearborn Subdivision, and Conrail Shared Assets ' Junction Yard Running Track also pass through Dearborn. Most of
3816-493: Is privately owned, has no public access, and is part of the city of Dearborn which has no frontage along the Detroit River. Dearborn is among a small number of municipalities that own property in other cities. It owns the 626-acre (2.53 km ) Camp Dearborn in Milford, Michigan , which is located 35 miles (56 km) from Dearborn. Dearborn was among an even smaller number of cities that hold property in another state. For
3922-436: Is simply the sum of all the effects of all the environments of all past generations on the responsive, ever-moving life forces. There is no doubt that if a child with a vicious temper be placed in an environment of peace and quiet the temper will change. Put a boy born of gentle white parents among Indians and he will grow up like an Indian. Let the child born of criminal parents have a setting of morality, integrity, and love, and
4028-590: Is water. The city developed on both sides of the Rouge River . An artificial waterfall/low head dam was constructed by Henry Ford on his estate to power its powerhouse. The Upper, Middle, and Lower Branches of the river come together in Dearborn. The river is widened and channeled near the Rouge Plant to allow lake freighter access. Fordson Island ( 42°17′38″N 83°08′52″W / 42.29389°N 83.14778°W / 42.29389; -83.14778 )
4134-433: The 2000 census , 61.9% spoke only English at home, 29.3% spoke Arabic , 1.9% Spanish , and 1.5% Polish . There were 36,770 households, out of which 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.0% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.1% were non-families. 30.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.7% had someone living alone who
4240-479: The 2020 census , it had a population of 109,976, ranking as the seventh-most populous city in Michigan . Dearborn is best known as the hometown of the Ford Motor Company and of its founder, Henry Ford . The first written settlement of Dearborn is from the 18th century by French Canadian voyageurs who initially called the settlement La Belle Fontaine or Place aux Fontaines because of the abundant springs in
4346-828: The Ford airport (later converted to the Dearborn Proving Grounds ), and other Ford administrative and development facilities. More recent additions are The Henry Ford (a reconstructed historic village and museum), the Henry Ford Centennial Library , the super-regional shopping mall Fairlane Town Center , and the Ford Performing Arts Center. The open land is planted with sunflowers and often with Ford's favorite crop of soybeans . The crops are never harvested. The Arab American National Museum (AANM) opened in 2005,
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4452-647: The Henry Ford Centennial Library , which is the main library; and the Bryant and Esper branches. Dearborn's first public library opened in 1924 at the building now known as the Bryant Branch. This served as the main library until the Ford library opened in 1969. In 1970 what became known as the Mason building was classified as a branch library. The library was renamed in 1977 after Katharine Wright Bryant, who developed
4558-623: The Henry Ford Estate , Detroit Casinos, Detroit Institute of Arts , Museum of African American History, Automobile Hall of Fame, Arab American National Museum , and the Detroit Zoo . Dearborn, Michigan Dearborn is a city in Wayne County, Michigan , United States. It is an inner-ring suburb in Metro Detroit , bordering Detroit to the south and west, and roughly 7 miles (11.3 km) west of downtown Detroit . In
4664-560: The Society of Manufacturing Engineers . According to the city's 2022 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the largest employers in the city are: University of Michigan–Dearborn and Henry Ford College are located in Dearborn on Evergreen Road and are adjacent to each other. Concordia University Dearborn Center and Central Michigan University offer classes in Dearborn. Career training schools include Kaplan Career Institute and Sanford Brown College . Dearborn residents, along with
4770-417: The basic research of understanding their biology or the mechanisms by which his artificial selection schemes achieved their results. Purdue University professor Jules Janick, writing in the 2004 World Book Encyclopedia , says: "Burbank cannot be considered a scientist in the academic sense." Although Burbank may not have been a scientist by the standards of his peers, his lack of record keeping reflected
4876-530: The world headquarters building of Ford Motor Company . Albert Kahn designed the Dearborn Inn in the Georgian architectural style. The Dearborn Inn is owned by Ford Motor Land Development Corporation and managed by Marriott International. Inspired by a passion for Colonial Revival architecture , Henry Ford commissioned renowned architect Albert Kahn to design The Dearborn Inn, who in 1931 would create
4982-663: The Experiment Farm fell into some disrepair, so Stark Bro's sent emissaries to retrieve the most promising fruit, nut and ornamental shrubs, and in 1931 sold the flowers, vegetables and seeds to Burpee Seed Co. J. B. Keil came from Stark Bro's to coordinate the efforts and worked there from 1931 to 1934. Over the following years, Elizabeth worked with the Stark brothers to patent 16 Burbank fruits and flowers. The patents name Luther Burbank, deceased, as "inventor" by Elizabeth Waters Burbank, executrix of his estate. In 1935, Stark ended
5088-503: The Human Plant he wrote: I have constantly been impressed with the similarity between the organization and development of plant and human life. … I have come to find in the crossing of species and in selection, wisely directed, a great and powerful instrument for the transformation of the vegetable kingdom along lines that lead constantly upward. The crossing of species is to me paramount. Upon it, wisely directed and accompanied by
5194-486: The Islamic Center of America, where he spoke about Islam and free speech. The mosque officials had locked it down to prevent damage. The city used thirty police cars to block traffic from the area in an effort to prevent a counter protest. The world headquarters of Ford Motor Company is in Dearborn. Its Dearborn campus contains many research, testing, finance, and some production facilities. Ford Land controls
5300-472: The Middle East in the late 20th century, Muslims and Christians from Lebanon , Palestine , Syria , Iraq , and Yemen . Dearborn has the proportionally largest Muslim population in the United States and the largest mosque in North America. In 2023, Dearborn became the first Arab majority city in the United States with 55% of its residents claiming to be of Middle Eastern or North African ancestry on
5406-840: The Northeast Branch, which opened in a storefront in 1944. In October 1961, it was named after city councilman Anthony M. Esper. During the years 1934 to 1943, during and after the Great Depression , murals were commissioned for federal public buildings in the United States through the Section of Painting and Sculpture , later called the Section of Fine Arts , of the Treasury Department . They often featured representation of local history. In 1938 artist Rainey Bennett painted an oil-on-canvas mural for
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#17327730566805512-605: The St. Alphonsus School in Dearborn. In 2003 the archdiocese closed the high school of St. Alphonsus; and in 2005 closed the St. Alphonsus elementary school. Global Educational Excellence operates multiple charter schools in Dearborn: Riverside Academy Early Childhood Center, Riverside Academy East Campus (K-5), and Riverside Academy West Campus (6–12). Dearborn Christian School closed in 2014. Dearborn Public Library includes
5618-575: The United States gained independence in the American Revolutionary War , more European Americans entered this region, settling in Detroit and the Dearborn area. With population growth, Dearborn Township was formed in 1833 and the village of Dearbornville in 1836, each named after Henry Dearborn , a general in the American Revolution who became Secretary of War under President Thomas Jefferson . The Town of Dearborn
5724-604: The Years (with Wilbur Hall , 1927), Partner of Nature (1939), and the 12-volume Luther Burbank: His Methods and Discoveries and Their Practical Application . Burbank experimented with a variety of techniques such as grafting, hybridization, and cross-breeding. Intraspecific hybridization within a plant species was demonstrated by Charles Darwin and Gregor Mendel and was further developed by geneticists and plant breeders. In 1908, George Harrison Shull described heterosis , also known as hybrid vigor. Heterosis describes
5830-490: The agreement with Mrs. Burbank (or vice versa). Mrs. Burbank then dispersed the majority of the gardens for subdivision. She sold the remaining property (excluding the house and greenhouse) to the Santa Rosa Junior College for use as a training ground. This lasted until 1954 (J. B. Keil stayed on as the caretaker). Twenty years later, the City took over ownership of the property (which it retains today as
5936-501: The annual Arab Festival on June 18, 2011, but his route was blocked by protesters, six of whom were arrested. Police said they did not have enough officers present to maintain safety. Christian missionaries accompanied Jones with their own protest signs. On November 11, 2011, Wayne County Circuit Court Judge Robert Ziolkowski vacated the "breach of peace" ruling against Jones and Sapp on the grounds that they were denied due process. On April 7, 2012, Jones led another protest in front of
6042-490: The area from the rural South during the Great Migration of the early twentieth century. The city's population includes 40,000 Arab Americans . Per the 2000 census, Arab Americans totaled 29,181 or 29.85% of Dearborn's population; many are descendants of families who have been in the city since the early 20th century. The city has the largest proportion of Arab Americans in the United States. As of 2006 Dearborn has
6148-485: The bond. They were held briefly in jail, while claiming violation of First Amendment rights. That night Jones was released by the court. The ACLU had filed an amicus brief in support of Jones's protest plans. One week later, on April 29, Jones led a rally at the Dearborn City Hall, in a designated free speech zone. Riot police were called out to control counter protesters. Jones also planned to speak at
6254-426: The chances are that he will not grow into a criminal, but into an upright man. Classical plant breeding uses deliberate interbreeding ( crossing ) of closely or distantly related individuals to produce new crop varieties or lines with desirable properties. Plants are crossbred to introduce traits / genes from one variety or line into a new genetic background. For example, a mildew -resistant pea may be crossed with
6360-530: The city of Dearborn and I consider that totally irresponsible". Preacher Terry Jones of Gainesville, Florida , known for burning a Quran , the sacred book of Islam, planned a protest in 2011 outside the Islamic Center of America . Local authorities required him either to post a $ 45,000 "peace bond" to cover Dearborn's cost if Jones incited violence , or to go to trial. Jones contested that requirement, and he and his co-pastor Wayne Sapp refused to post
6466-407: The city. In the early 20th century, both white and black people migrated to Detroit for industrial jobs. Over time, some city residents relocated in the suburbs. Many of Dearborn's residents "took pride in the saying, 'The sun never set on a Negro in Dearborn'". According to Orville Hubbard , the segregationist mayor of Dearborn from 1942 to 1978, "as far as he was concerned, it was against the law for
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#17327730566806572-660: The city. Therefore, Dearborn was once named Springwells, an anglicization of the French name. The settlement was connected to the Detroit River ribbon farm communities and other farms connected to the Rouge River and the Sauk Trail . The community grew in the 19th century with the establishment of the Detroit Arsenal on the Chicago Road linking Detroit and Chicago . During the 20th century, it developed as
6678-627: The customer information. A September 6, 1927, contract provided exclusive rights to sell uncompleted experiments with fruits at Sebastopol (except the Royal and Paradox) for 10 years. Stark Bro's had right of renewal. Tax receipts indicate payments of $ 27,000 to Mrs. Burbank. Exciting new kinds of fruits and flowers Burbank had developed (but never marketed) included 120 types of plums, 18 peaches, 28 apples, 500 hybrid roses, 30 cherries, 34 pears, 52 gladioli and many more. Stark Bro's subsequently introduced many of these varieties of their catalog. Until 1931,
6784-635: The developing world in the 1960s. With significant post-war activity Along with breeding plants, Burbank believed human beings should be selectively bred, and he was active in the American eugenics movement and wrote in publications of the American Breeders' Association as an honorary member. He was also elected to the ABA's Committee on Eugenics in 1906. As a eugenicist , he promoted genetic discrimination. In Burbank's book, The Training of
6890-405: The difficulties of developing and distributing cultivars in the era in which he lived. His innovations were revolutionary, and in a time when there was no way to legally protect one's inventions, Burbank may have been cautious with the successes he decided to document. Additionally, his records may not have been coherent (to the chagrin of modern scholars) because he felt his time was better valued in
6996-741: The federal post offices in Dearborn titled, Ten Eyck's Tavern on Chicago Road . Sports facilities include the Dearborn Ice Skating Center and the Dearborn Civic Center. Amtrak , the national passenger rail system, provides service to Dearborn, operating its Wolverine three times daily in each direction between Chicago, Illinois and Pontiac , via Detroit . Baggage cannot be checked at this location; however, up to two suitcases, in addition to any "personal items" such as briefcases, purses, laptop bags, and infant equipment, are allowed on board as carry-ons. There
7102-543: The first museum in the world devoted to Arab American history and culture. Arab Americans in Dearborn include descendants of Lebanese Christians who immigrated in the early twentieth century to work in the auto industry, and more recent Arab immigrants and their descendants from other, primarily Muslim nations. On February 2, 2024, the Wall Street Journal published an opinion piece titled "Welcome to Dearborn, America's Jihad Capital", claiming that there were
7208-614: The freestone peach, and the white blackberry . A natural genetic variant of the Burbank potato with russet-colored skin later became known as the russet Burbank potato . This large, brown-skinned, white-fleshed potato has become the world's predominant potato in food processing . The Russet Burbank potato was in fact invented to help with the devastating situation in Ireland following the Great Famine . This particular potato variety
7314-620: The freight traffic on these rails is related to the automotive industry. Dearborn is served by buses of both the Detroit Department of Transportation (DDOT) and the Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation (SMART) systems. Luther Burbank Luther Burbank (March 7, 1849 – April 11, 1926) was an American botanist , horticulturist , and pioneer in agricultural science . He developed more than 800 strains and varieties of plants over his 55-year career. Burbank's developments included those of fruits, flowers, grains, grasses, and vegetables. He developed (but did not create)
7420-461: The garden, not writing each trial and error down in his record book. In 1893, Burbank published a descriptive catalog of some of his best varieties, entitled New Creations in Fruits and Flowers . In 1907, Burbank published an "essay on childrearing", called The Training of the Human Plant . In it, he advocated improved treatment of children, cultural homogenization and replacement in education, and management of reproduction and development in both
7526-551: The government valuable lessons, and that "he is doing more to instruct, interest, and make popular the work in the garden than any man of his generation." At the same convention, Albert G. Burnett, a judge of the Superior Court for Sonoma County stated that Burbank had improved the community incredibly making it a place that people came "to sit at the feet of this great apostle and prophet of beauty and happiness ... and catch some measure of his matchless inspiration." He also stated that Burbank's deeds were always done to "bring more of
7632-505: The guestrooms, including the historical homes. Also, the grounds were extensively landscaped and three of the guest cottages were relocated to an expansive common area behind the Inn. Throughout the design and construction phases, great care was taken to maintain the historical integrity of the Inn. The hotel reopened in 1989 managed by Marriott International as The Dearborn Inn, A Marriott Hotel . As part of its 75th anniversary, The Dearborn Inn underwent another renovation in 2008, including
7738-537: The high school is the largest private coed high school in the area. Henry Ford Academy is a charter high school inside Greenfield Village and the Henry Ford Museum. Another charter secondary school is Advanced Technology Academy. Dearborn Schools operated the Clara B. Ford High School inside Vista Maria, a non-profit residential treatment agency for girls in Dearborn Heights. Clara B. Ford High School became
7844-532: The largest Lebanese American population in the United States. The first Arab immigrants came in the early-to-mid-20th century to work in the automotive industry and were chiefly Lebanese Christians ( Maronites ). Other immigrants from the Middle East, such as Assyrians , have also immigrated to the area. Since then, Arab immigrants from Yemen , Iraq and the Palestinian territories , most of whom are Muslim , have joined them. Lebanese Americans comprise
7950-542: The largest group of ethnic Arabs. The Arab Muslim community has built the Islamic Center of America , the largest mosque in North America, and the Dearborn Mosque . More Iraqi refugees have come, fleeing the continued war in their country since 2003. Warren Avenue has become the commercial center of the Arab-American community. The Arab American National Museum is located in Dearborn. The museum
8056-533: The lawsuit and issued a formal apology to the individuals. Sharron Angle , a Republican senatorial candidate in Nevada, said in an October 2010 political speech that the Arab Americans in Dearborn contributed to a "militant terrorist situation," and that the city government was enforcing Islamic sharia law. Mayor Jack O'Reilly strongly criticized Angle, saying "She took it as face value and maligned
8162-516: The library was dedicated. Originally only the library had offices in the building but in 1979, the library gave up the western side's meeting rooms for the City of Dearborn Health Department. The Esper Branch, the smallest branch, is located in what is known as the Arab residential quarter of the city, dedicated on October 12, 1953. Originally named the Warren Branch, this structure had replaced
8268-609: The mid-19th into the 20th centuries. Their ancestors generally first settled in Detroit: Irish , German , Italians , and Polish . It is also a center of Maltese American settlement, from the Mediterranean island of Malta. Also attracted to jobs in the auto industry, some were among immigrant Maltese who first settled in Corktown . The city has a small African-American population, many of whose ancestors came to
8374-408: The news throughout the first decade of the century. In that same year, Stark Bro's Nurseries & Orchards Co. discovered the 'Delicious' apple, an elongated fruit with five bumps on the calyx end. The oddly-shaped apple attracted the attention of Burbank, a famed grafter and budder of trees, plants and flowers. He called the new 'Delicious' variety "the finest-flavored apple in all the world." It
8480-709: The numerous properties owned by Ford, including sales and leasing to unrelated businesses, such as the Fairlane Town Center shopping mall. DFCU Financial , the largest credit union in Michigan, was created for Ford and related companies' employees. One of the largest employers in Dearborn is Oakwood Healthcare System (now a part of Beaumont Health) H. Other major employers include auto suppliers like Visteon , education facilities such as Henry Ford College, and museums such as The Henry Ford. Other businesses headquartered in Dearborn include Carhartt (clothing), Eppinger (fishing lures), AAA Michigan (insurance), and
8586-612: The nursery business because your heart is not in it. But if you will carry forward the type of hybridizing you are doing, I think you will go very far in your chosen field. To demonstrate our sincere belief in your work, our company will give you $ 9,000 if you will let me pick three of these new fruits you have shown me." Burbank often credited the Stark family with making his work profitable. In return, he later joined with Thomas Edison to support Paul Stark Sr. in his fight to get patent legislation passed for plant breeders. Along with Clarence's $ 9,000 worth of help, Luther also had something of
8692-402: The peace . Police ordered them to stop filming the incident, to provide identification, and to move at least five blocks from the border of the fair. After reviewing the video evidence, the jury acquitted the defendants. The four defendants filed a separate civil suit against the city. Dearborn was found to have violated their constitutional rights related to freedom of speech. The city settled
8798-464: The photo no longer stands. As Burbank's life drew to a close, the question arose as to who would carry on his work, and naturally there were many interested in doing so. Before his death in April 1926, Luther Burbank spoke quietly to his wife, and said: "If anything happens to me, you will have to dispose of the business and the work, because you can't go on with it. There aren't a dozen organizations in
8904-416: The plants and precious seeds. Elizabeth had first approached both Stanford and Berkeley to have either or both universities take over the experimental farm, but sold to Stark when those proffers didn't materialize. Mrs. Burbank entered into an agreement with Stark Bro's on August 23, 1927, to take the material they wanted from Burbank's properties. The contract included ownership of the business name and all of
9010-524: The plants in his mother's large garden. His father died when he was 18 years old, and Burbank used his inheritance to buy a 17-acre (69,000 m ) plot of land near Lunenburg center. There, he developed the Burbank potato. Burbank sold the rights to the Burbank potato for $ 150 ($ 4,162 in 2023 dollars ) and used the money to travel to Santa Rosa, California , in 1875. Later, a natural vegetative sport (that is, an aberrant growth that can be reproduced reliably in cultivation) of Burbank potato with russetted skin
9116-502: The roses was austerely simple; he knew the worthlessness of luxury, the joy of few possessions. The modesty with which he wore his scientific fame repeatedly reminded me of the trees that bend low with the burden of ripening fruits; it is the barren tree that lifts its head high in an empty boast. In a speech given to the First Congregational church of San Francisco in 1926, Burbank said: I love humanity, which has been
9222-423: The seeds inside, a juicy and large plum which is still considered one of the finest in the world, a spineless cactus, and a calla lily with fragrant odor were among his many creations. Burbank was criticized by scientists of his day because he did not keep the kind of careful records that are the norm in scientific research and because he was mainly interested in creating useful or targeted cultivars rather than in
9328-450: The sunshine of comfort and happiness into the cottages of the poor as well as the palaces of the rich." In 1924 Burbank wrote a letter endorsing the "Yogoda" training system of Paramahansa Yogananda as a superior alternative to what he considered narrowly intellectual education offered by most schools. He caused a great deal of public controversy a few months before his death in 1926 when he answered questions about his deepest beliefs by
9434-576: The tendency of the progeny of a specific cross to outperform both parents. The detection of the usefulness of heterosis for plant breeding has led to the development of inbred lines that reveal a heterotic yield advantage when they are crossed. Maize was the first species where heterosis was widely used to produce hybrids. By the 1920s, statistical methods were developed to analyze gene action and distinguish heritable variation from variation caused by environment. In 1933, another important breeding technique, cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), developed in maize,
9540-408: The time, which were in the majority strongly anti-miscegenation. His Lamarckian belief in the inheritance of acquired characteristics informed his support for population improvement primarily by managing the environment of children over many generations, which aligned him also with the euthenics movement . He believed that environment played a crucial role in the development of children: Heredity
9646-434: The world that are equipped to go forward with it; of them all, there is really only one I think of that could make the most of it." He named Stark Bro's Nurseries & Orchards Co. to carry on the work. Considerable argument has been spent upon whether the plants were technically willed to Stark Bro's; they were not. He left everything to Elizabeth: money, personal property, real estate, dozens of municipal utility bonds — and
9752-434: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.42. In the city, 27.8% of the population was under the age of 18, 8.3% was from 18 to 24, 29.2% from 25 to 44, 19.1% from 45 to 64, and 15.6% was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.5 males. The median income for
9858-511: Was also in 1893 that the Starks began their storied cooperation with Luther Burbank and his fantastic new varieties of fruits. Among those with the foresight to recognize the possibilities of Burbank's work was Clarence McDowell Stark, who went to California and sought Burbank out. After talking to him in Santa Rosa and seeing the results of his experiments, Clarence was convinced that Burbank
9964-656: Was created by Burbank to help "revive the country's leading crop" as it is slightly late blight-resistant. Late blight is a disease that spread and destroyed potatoes all across Europe, but caused extreme chaos in Ireland due to the high dependency on potatoes as a crop by the Irish. Born in Lancaster, Massachusetts , Burbank grew up on a farm and received only a high school education in Lancaster County Academy. The thirteenth of fifteen children, he enjoyed
10070-462: Was described by Marcus Morton Rhoades . CMS is a maternally inherited trait that makes the plant produce sterile pollen . This enables the production of hybrids without the need for labor-intensive detasseling . These early breeding techniques resulted in large yield increase in the United States in the early 20th century. Similar yield increases were not produced elsewhere until after World War II . The Green Revolution increased crop production in
10176-484: Was extremely difficult. Most of the time, he would grow 10,000 or more plants of one variety, from which he selected as many as 50 seedlings or as few as one. From the selected plant or plants, he grew another 10,000 seedlings, continuing selective process until he produced the results he wanted. When he started his work, chestnut trees took 25 years to bear fruit. From his efforts, chestnut trees produced fruit after three years. A white blackberry so clear that one could see
10282-565: Was incorporated in 1893. Through much of the 19th century, the area was largely rural and dependent on agriculture. Stimulated by industrial development in Detroit and within its own limits, in 1927 Dearborn was established as a city. Its current borders result from a 1928 consolidation vote that merged Dearborn and neighboring Fordson (previously known as Springwells ), which feared being absorbed into expanding Detroit. According to historian James W. Loewen, in his book Sundown Towns (2005), Dearborn discouraged African Americans from settling in
10388-513: Was not "scientific" in his methods. Gastrointestinal complications and violent hiccups weakened Luther in the last two weeks before his death, which was ultimately caused by heart failure. At his bedside were Elizabeth (his wife) and his sister when he died on April 11, 1926. The famous botanist was buried in an unmarked grave, under a giant Cedar of Lebanon at the Luther Burbank Home and Gardens in Santa Rosa, California. The tree in
10494-563: Was one of Henry Ford's great passions, and, emulating a space he had admired in Virginia, Ford designed the 3,444-square-foot (320.0 m) Alexandria Ballroom to provide a place to dance with family and friends. When the Greenfield Room, now the hotel's executive offices, was added in 1965, it was said to be the first of its kind with a ground floor, drive-in meeting and exhibit room. Today, the hotel's meeting and event space includes
10600-749: Was opened in January 2005 to celebrate the Arab American community's history, culture and contributions to the United States . In the 2019 U.S. Census estimates, the largest ethnic group were Lebanese Americans, and the second largest were Yemeni Americans . In 2010, Nabeel Qureshi , David Wood , and two other people acting as Christian missionaries, were arrested at the Dearborn International Arab Festival. They had been handing out Christian literature aimed at Muslim believers. The four were prosecuted for breach of
10706-455: Was praised and admired not only for his gardening skills but for his modesty, generosity and kind spirit. He was very interested in education and gave money to the local schools. He married twice: to Helen Coleman in 1890, which ended in divorce in 1896; and to Elizabeth Waters in 1916. He had no children of his own but did adopt a daughter. His heart was fathomlessly deep, long acquainted with humility, patience, sacrifice. His little home amid
10812-405: Was right, and his professorial critics were wrong. To Clarence's great dismay, he saw that Luther Burbank was operating a small seed and nursery business in an attempt to finance his experiments and provide himself a living. It was clear that he would never be able to realize his potential under these meager circumstances. Clarence said to Burbank: "I don't think you will ever make a real success in
10918-677: Was selected and named Russet Burbank potato . Today, the Russet Burbank potato is the most widely cultivated potato in the United States. The potato is popular because it doesn't expire as easily as other types of potatoes. A large percentage of McDonald's french fries are made from this cultivar . In Santa Rosa, Burbank purchased a 4-acre (1.6 ha) plot of land, and established a greenhouse , nursery , and experimental fields that he used to conduct crossbreeding experiments on plants, inspired by Charles Darwin 's The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication . (This site
11024-474: Was the first hotel in Michigan to install a direct-dial telephone system for guests. The Dearborn hotel is also said to have influenced the evolution of destination resorts and is considered to be one of the industry's first such properties. The hotel offered families many popular activities of the era, such as horseback riding, tennis, badminton, ballroom dancing for adults, a playground for children, and even sightseeing trips over Detroit and Windsor, Ontario in
11130-628: Was the first person to sign the guestbook. Though the Ford Airport closed in 1933, replaced by the Ford vehicle test track, The Dearborn Inn continued to offer accommodations and dining, as the hotel already had a reputation as one of the nation's premier inns. In 1933, the Dormitory Building was added to house employees of The Dearborn Inn; however, in the 1960s, it was converted into changing rooms for The Dearborn Inn's Swim Club. Five replica homes were constructed in 1937, creating
11236-434: Was thought to have fallen to 96,474, a decrease of 1.7% since 2010. Over the same period, though, SEMCOG, the local statistics agency of Metro Detroit Council of Governments, has estimated the city to have grown to 99,001, or an increase of 1.2% since 2000. SEMCOG's July 2014 estimate listed Dearborn with a population of 102,566. Dearborn has a large community of descendants of ethnic Europeans who arrived as immigrants from
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