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56-634: As early as 1853, Henry Orin Hildreth was calling for the creation of a historical society dedicated to the history of Dedham. On February 1, 1859, Hildreth, along with Calvin Guild, Danforth Phipps Wight, Jonathan Holmes Cobb, Francis Marsh, and William Bulliard met in the office of the Dedham Institution for Savings to form an organization dedicated to "preserving and transmitting to posterity all possible memorials of past and present times." At

112-436: A balancing of public policy that mandates with the society's mission creating a potential for political influence on historical interpretation. Collaboration with Universities: Some historical societies engage in partnerships with universities, tapping into academic knowledge and potentially utilizing shared resources or personnel. Governance arrangements may include a combined board or advisory committees. Benefits from of

168-569: A crucial role in promoting historical awareness and understanding by providing a platform for research, education, and public engagement. Historical societies vary in specialization, with focuses ranging from specific geographical areas such as countries, states/provinces or cities/towns, ethnographic such as ethnic and genealogical , and topical such as transportation, event based, or military history. Historical societies acquire and maintain historical materials like documents, photographs, artifacts, and audio recordings. These collections serve as

224-508: A crucial role in shaping the composition and responsibilities of the governing body, especially for organizations reliant on government support. The mission and focus of a society also influence its governance, with boards of societies dedicated to specific historical themes often benefitting from members with relevant expertise in the field. New York takes a unique approach to cultural agencies, viewing them not as nonprofit businesses but as educational organizations. These cultural agencies play

280-797: A debased Italianate Romanesque revival style in 1870. After about 1870, this style of Church architecture in Britain disappears, but in the early 20th century, the style is succeeded by Byzantine Revival architecture . Two of Canada's provincial legislatures, the Ontario Legislative Building in Toronto and the British Columbia Parliament Buildings in Victoria , are Romanesque Revival in style. University College , one of seven colleges at

336-527: A deeper global understanding of Asia's rich history. Romanesque Revival architecture Romanesque Revival (or Neo-Romanesque ) is a style of building employed beginning in the mid-19th century inspired by the 11th- and 12th-century Romanesque architecture . Unlike the historic Romanesque style, Romanesque Revival buildings tended to feature more simplified arches and windows than their historic counterparts. An early variety of Romanesque Revival style known as Rundbogenstil ("Round-arched style")

392-620: A focus on academic research, public engagement, and significant collections spanning archaeology, classical studies, and colonial-era documents. Despite grappling with their colonial past, these societies benefit from established infrastructure and funding for extensive research and global collaborations. Asian historical societies in countries like China, Japan, and India have diverse focuses, from specific dynasties to cultural traditions. With vast collections of ancient texts and artifacts, these societies bridge traditional knowledge systems with Western research methods, promoting cultural exchange and

448-479: A historical society itself has evolved over time. Early institutions have concentrated on material culture (like the Academy) while later ones embraced broader historical research methods. The inception of historical societies can be traced back to Western Europe during the 16th and 17th centuries, where they were often founded by enthusiasts of antiquity. These societies experienced a significant surge in growth in

504-488: A hybrid model can leverage the strengths of different institutions and fosters collaboration across cultural sectors but navigating the complexities of inter-institutional decision make for potential conflicts of interest. Factors Affecting Governance are the size and budget of an organization can impact the structure of its board, with larger societies with paid staff often requiring a more formalized approach compared to smaller volunteer-run groups. The sources of funding play

560-503: A large number of pamphlets, portraits, maps, articles of ancient furniture, and relics. Most were acquired in the years 1887–1890. In 1883, the first publication of the Society was issued entitled A Plan of Dedham Village. It contained the record of the original allotments of land in the centre and upper villages and a heliotype of the plan made by Henry Sylvester Talbot, facts for which were collected by William Billiard and assisted by

616-403: A later date were published in 14 volumes. Dedham Historical Society (2001). Dedham . Arcadia Publishing. ISBN   978-0-7385-0944-0 . Retrieved August 11, 2019 . Historical society A historical society is non-profit organization dedicated to collecting, preserving, interpreting, and promoting the history of a particular place, group of people, or topic. They play

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672-407: A lecture-display hall, basement storage area, and office space. It was described at the time as "one of the finest architectural buildings in the shire town of Norfolk." Hill wanted to hang a portrait of Hannah in the hall to honor the great benefactor of the Society, but it was determined that no photograph or portrait had ever been taken of her. Hill then devised a plan to obtain her likeness that

728-487: A multiyear renovation in 2017. The Society's collections include Dedham Pottery , Katharine Pratt silver, paintings, photographs, pre-Columbian stone tools, local and Civil War artifacts, and a historical and genealogical library. It also has antique furniture including the Metcalf Chair, the oldest piece of American furniture, and one of only two known “astronomical shelf clocks” by Simon Willard . It also owns

784-768: A similar style. Robertson is responsible for the construction of Pequot Library , Shelburne Farms , the New York Savings Bank , and Jackie Kennedy 's childhood home Hammersmith Farm . The Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception is a large Catholic minor basilica and national shrine located in Washington, D.C., United States of America. The shrine is the largest Catholic church in North America, one of

840-766: A special meeting was held in the Vestry of the First Church on September 14, 1885, to celebrate the 250th Anniversary of the settlement of the town, at which time "interesting historical sketches were read by several members." The first transatlantic direct dial telephone call took place at the Dedham Historical Society and was placed by the president-emeritus of the Society, Dr. Arthur Worthington. It connected Sally Reed in Dedham, Massachusetts to her penpal, Ann Morsley, in Dedham, Essex , in 1957. It

896-533: A sum of money to construct a building. The home, which served as the first post office in Dedham under her father, Jeremiah Shuttleworth , was moved and a new building constructed. Shuttleworth was a niece of Nathaniel Ames . When Ames died in 1822, he left his fortune to the unmarried Hannah, his closest living relative. Shuttleworth left $ 10,000 to construct the building upon her death in 1886, and members raised an additional $ 1,500. The Society's new headquarters

952-599: A trustee of the Dedham Public Library for 19 years, spent much of his presidency gathering a library of several thousand volumes. On the 21st of March, 1864 the library contained 68 bound volumes, a large collection of pamphlets, and a small number of newspapers and manuscripts. By 1890 there are about 2,000 volumes, comprising standard works on American history, histories of towns in New England, especially Massachusetts, and genealogies. It also contained

1008-730: A vital resource for researchers, genealogists, and the general public. Many historical societies have staff historians who conduct research on their collections and broader historical topics. They publish books, articles, and educational materials to share their findings with the public. Historical societies organize lectures, workshops, tours, and exhibitions to engage the community and educate them about history. These programs can range from introductory talks for general audiences to specialized conferences for academic researchers. Historical societies often collaborate with local schools, libraries, and community centers to offer educational programs and promote historical literacy. The concept of

1064-823: A vital role in the educational system, operating under Education Law instead of Corporation Law and falling under the jurisdiction of the Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York . American historical societies emphasize local and state history, often decentralized with strong volunteer bases. They hold extensive collections of documents and artifacts, focusing on oral histories to capture diverse community experiences. Despite funding and staffing challenges, their grassroots initiatives prioritize underrepresented stories. European historical societies, rooted in royal patronage, often feature centralized structures with

1120-610: Is generally considered the first work of Romanesque Revival architecture in the United States. It was soon followed by a more prominent design for the Smithsonian Institution Building in Washington, DC , designed by James Renwick Jr. and built 1847–51. Renwick allegedly submitted two proposals to the design competition, one Gothic and the other Romanesque in the style. The Smithsonian chose

1176-729: Is the most prevalent structure. A volunteer board of directors , composed of community leaders, history enthusiasts, and sometimes professional expertise, oversees the society's operations. The board sets strategic direction, hires an executive director , and approves budgets. The benefits of this model provides diverse perspectives, fosters community engagement, and leverages volunteer expertise. Its challenges are that board members might require training on non-profit governance and historical best practices. Ensuring continuity of vision with board member turnover can be difficult. State Historical Societies: Some states have government-established historical societies that receive partial funding from

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1232-563: The Congregation Emanu-El of New York built in 1929. The style was quite popular for university campuses in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, especially in the United States and Canada; well-known examples can be found at the University of California, Los Angeles , University of Southern California , Tulane University , University of Denver , University of Toronto , and Wayne State University . The development of

1288-556: The Great and General Court passed an Act incorporating the Society for the “purposes of collecting and preserving such books, newspapers, records, pamphlets and traditions, as may tend to illustrate and perpetuate the history of New England, and especially the history of the town of Dedham.” The Act was accepted on the 9th day of the following June. Before the adoption of the new by laws on March 2, 1887, quarterly meetings were held at which papers were read on subjects relating to Dedham. At

1344-816: The Oxford Movement , were built in Gothic Revival architecture , low churches and broad churches of the period were often built in the Romanesque Revival style. Some of the later examples of this Romanesque Revival architecture is seen in Non-conformist or Dissenting churches and chapels. A good example of this is by the Lincoln architects Drury and Mortimer , who designed the Mint Lane Baptist Chapel in Lincoln in

1400-639: The Progressive Era to serve the public. Interest in local history surged in the 20th century, especially in preserving changing cities. The founding of the American Association for State and Local History in 1940 further emphasized this shift. Over time, historical societies diversified their focus to include marginalized groups, reflecting changes in the discipline of history and societal developments towards greater inclusivity. External support and contributions have long been integral to

1456-723: The University of Toronto , is an example of the Romanesque Revival style. Construction of the final design began on 4 October 1856. The Vasa Church in Gothenburg , Sweden, is another prime example of the Neo-Romanesque style of architecture. The Church of the Pilgrims—now the Maronite Cathedral of Our Lady of Lebanon —in Brooklyn Heights, Brooklyn , designed by Richard Upjohn and built 1844–46,

1512-708: The " Norman style " or " Lombard style ", particularly in works published during the 19th century after variations of historic Romanesque that were developed by the Normans in England and by the Italians in Lombardy , respectively. Like its influencing Romanesque style, the Romanesque Revival style was widely used for churches, and occasionally for synagogues such as the New Synagogue of Strasbourg built in 1898, and

1568-604: The Italianate Romanesque of other architects such as Thomas Henry Wyatt , who designed Saint Mary and Saint Nicholas Church, in this style at Wilton , which was built between 1841 and 1844 for the Dowager Countess of Pembroke and her son, Lord Herbert of Lea. During the 19th century, the architecture selected for Anglican churches depended on the churchmanship of particular congregations. Whereas high churches and Anglo-Catholic , which were influenced by

1624-954: The Norman revival style took place over a long time in the British Isles, starting with Inigo Jones 's refenestration of the White Tower of the Tower of London in 1637–38 and work at Windsor Castle by Hugh May for King Charles II , but this was little more than restoration work. In the 18th century, the use of round arched windows was thought of as being Saxon rather than Norman, and examples of buildings with round arched windows include Shirburn Castle in Oxfordshire, Wentworth in Yorkshire, and Enmore Castle in Somerset. In Scotland

1680-597: The Pilgrims. St. Joseph Church in Hammond, Indiana, is Romanesque Revival. The most celebrated "Romanesque Revival" architect of the late 19th century was H. H. Richardson , whose mature style was so individual that it is known as " Richardsonian Romanesque ". Among his most prominent buildings are Trinity Church (Boston) and Sever Hall and Austin Hall at Harvard University. His disciple, R.H. Robertson , designed in

1736-615: The Victorian period, which was a mixed Gothic style. However, the Norman Revival did catch on for church architecture. Thomas Penson , a Welsh architect, would have been familiar with Hopper's work at Penrhyn, who developed Romanesque Revival church architecture. Penson was influenced by French and Belgian Romanesque Revival architecture, and particularly the earlier Romanesque phase of German Brick Gothic . At St David's Newtown, 1843–47, and St Agatha's Llanymynech, 1845, he copied

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1792-694: The architecture of Thomas Hopper . His first attempt at this style was at Gosford Castle in Armagh in Ireland, but far more successful was his Penrhyn Castle near Bangor in North Wales. This was built for the Pennant family, between 1820 and 1837. The style did not catch on for domestic buildings, though many country houses and mock castles were built in the Castle Gothic or Castellated style during

1848-429: The crayon portrait which now hangs in the place of honor over the great mantel in our Historical Society room.” The addition of a second exhibition room and more storage space in the basement was added in 1965, permitting the original basement to become a historical and genealogical library. Today the Society keeps its documents, maps, and most fragile artifacts in a fireproof climate-controlled vault. The building began

1904-544: The first formally established historical society in the United States goes to the Massachusetts Historical Society (MHS), founded in 1791. While there were earlier informal groups with similar aims, the MHS stands out for its official structure and dedication to preserving American history. The MHS owes its creation to Reverend Jeremy Belknap , a passionate antiquarian and minister. Concerned about

1960-479: The first half of the 19th century, coinciding with a renewed interest in history alongside the rise of bourgeois - nationalistic ideals, the strengthening of national identities, and advancements in scientific historical research methods. Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, historical societies have played a pivotal role on a large scale, disseminating a wealth of historical source materials, producing their own publications, and organizing congresses. The title of

2016-503: The first meeting Wight was chosen chairman and Guild secretary. A committee was then appointed consisting of Bullard, Hildreth, and Guild to draft the Constitution and by laws. These were adopted at the next meeting, on February 15. The founders then invited 41 citizens of Dedham to join the Society, but only 22 accepted. At the end of the first year 37 members were enrolled, and by 1890 there were 147 members, including several women,

2072-522: The first of whom were admitted on December 1, 1886. The first regular meeting was held on March 10, 1859, and the officers chosen were the Rev. Alvan Lamson as president, Wight as vice president, Hildreth as corresponding secretary, and Guild as recording secretary, treasurer, and librarian. Additionally, Cobb, Bullard, and Waldo Colburn were selected as curators, and Enos Foord and Henry White Richards were elected auditors. Three years later, on April 23, 1862,

2128-499: The late Judge Colburn. The original plan was given to the Society by Bullard on June 9, 1862. In their annual report in 1890, the curators announced that they were preparing to publish the first issue of the Dedham Historical Register. The Register would be published quarterly from 1890 to 1903. Long articles were often broken up and serialized . The quarterly pamphlets were bound together bi-annually, and at

2184-566: The latter, which was based on designs from German architecture books. Several concurrent forces contributed to the popularizing of the Romanesque Revival in the United States. The first was an influx of German immigrants in the 1840s, who brought the style of the Rundbogenstil with them. Second, a series of works on the style was published concurrently with the earliest built examples. The first of these, Hints on Public Architecture , written by social reformer Robert Dale Owen in 1847–48,

2240-533: The library was moved to the new location where meetings were held until the erection of the present building. On February 25, 1886, a law was passed by the General Court giving the Society the power to hold property. That same year, the 250th anniversary of the founding of the town, Don Gleason Hill announced at the Society's annual meeting in March that Hannah Shuttleworth had left the Society her home and

2296-417: The loss of historical materials, Belknap gathered a group of like-minded Bostonians, including scholars, politicians, and civic leaders. Together, they envisioned an organization dedicated to collecting, preserving, and studying the history of Massachusetts and, by extension, the broader American story. Historical societies evolved in the 19th century with more inclusive membership policies, transitioning in

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2352-543: The position was established in 1982. During the first years of the Society's existence, it did not have its own building. Until June 25, 1816, meetings were held in the office of Dedham Savings where the Society kept its small library. When the bank needed the space, other quarters were secured in the Court House basement through the friendly offer of the County Commissioners. During the following summer

2408-525: The smallest bell known to have been made by Paul Revere . the bell, which dates from 1796 and cost $ 888, once hung in the Norfolk County Courthouse and announced the start of court sessions. It was given to the Society in 1894 by the County Commissioners. The Society's library includes over 10,000 volumes, including old street directories, church and civil documents, yearbooks, histories, and genealogical resources. From 1886 and until it

2464-525: The state legislature. These societies often have a board with a mix of appointed and elected members, balancing public accountability with expert guidance. Municipal or County Historical Societies:  These societies might receive funding from local governments while maintaining a degree of autonomy. Their boards might include a mix of appointed officials and community representatives. The benefits of this model are access to government funding can support larger projects and professional staffing but require

2520-523: The style started to emerge with the Duke of Argyl's castle at Inverary , started in 1744, and castles by Robert Adam at Culzean (1771), Oxenfoord (1780–82), Dalquharran, (1782–85) and Seton Palace , 1792. In England James Wyatt used round arched windows at Sandleford Priory , Berkshire, in 1780–89 and the Duke of Norfolk started to rebuild Arundel Castle , while Eastnor Castle in Herefordshire

2576-470: The style was based had neither the windows, chimneys, nor stairs required by modern buildings, and that the low-pitched temple roofs and tall colonnades were ill-adapted to cold northern climates. To Owen, most Greek Revival buildings thus lacked architectural truth, because they attempted to hide 19th-century necessities behind classical temple facades. In its place, he offered that the Romanesque style

2632-417: The sustainability of historical societies. Donations, memberships, annual funds, corporate sponsorships, internships, volunteering, and utilizing historic spaces all play vital roles in the ongoing growth and preservation of these nonprofit organizations. Historical societies in the United States diversity in their governance structures. This reflects their varied missions, sizes, and funding sources. This

2688-446: The tower of St. Salvator's Cathedral , Bruges. Other examples of Romanesque revival by Penson are Christ Church, Welshpool , 1839–1844, and the porch to Langedwyn Church. He was an innovator in his use of Terracotta to produce decorative Romanesque mouldings, saving on the expense of stonework. Penson's last church in the Romanesque Revival style was Rhosllannerchrugog , Wrexham, 1852. The Romanesque adopted by Penson contrasts with

2744-494: Was "literally snatched from the grave." As he wrote in Dedham Records , published in 1888 “The morning following her funeral, a cold blustering February day, Gariboldi, the statuary manufacturer, was summoned from Boston, and inside the receiving tomb a plaster cast of her face was taken, and from this alone, with the descriptions which a few friends who knew her best could furnish, Miss Annie R. Slafter, of Dedham, made

2800-675: Was built by Robert Smirke between 1812 and 1820. At this point, the Norman Revival became a recognisable architectural style. In 1817, Thomas Rickman published his An Attempt to Discriminate the Styles of English Architecture from the Conquest To the Reformation . It was now realised that 'round-arch architecture' was largely Romanesque in the British Isles and came to be described as Norman rather than Saxon. The start of an "archaeologically correct" Norman Revival can be recognised in

2856-582: Was designed by architect Edwin J. Lewis Jr. , constructed by men named Woodbury and Leighton, and the construction was supervised by the curators sitting as a building committee. Construction on the Romanesque Revival building began in the fall of 1886 and was completed in December 1887. There was no formal dedication, but it opened with a notable exhibition of historical relics on January 25, 1888. The fireproof, colonial style building consisted of

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2912-545: Was felled in a storm in 1972, the Society owned the Old Avery Oak . Portraits include that of John W. Thomas , Edmund Quincy , C.C. Churchill , Jerauld Newland Ezra Mann , and Henry O. Hildreth, a founder of the Society. It also holds a plaster bust of Benjamin Bussey . Other paintings include those by John Constable , Gilbert Stuart , Amasa Hewins , Henry Hitchings, and Alvan Fisher . Hill, who also served as

2968-511: Was ideal for a more flexible and economic American architecture. Soon after, the Congregational Church published A Book of Plans for Churches and Parsonages in 1853, containing 18 designs by 10 architects, including Upjohn, Renwick, Henry Austin , and Gervase Wheeler , most in the Romanesque Revival style. Richard Salter Storrs and other clergy on the book's committee were members or frequent preachers of Upjohn's Church of

3024-516: Was popular in German lands and in the German diaspora beginning in the 1830s. By far the most prominent and influential American architect working in a free "Romanesque" manner was Henry Hobson Richardson . In the United States, the style derived from examples set by him are termed Richardsonian Romanesque , of which not all are Romanesque Revival. Romanesque Revival is also sometimes referred to as

3080-602: Was prepared for the Building Committee of the Smithsonian Institution and prominently featured illustrations of Renwick's Smithsonian Institution Building. Owen argued that Greek Revival architecture —then the prevailing style in the United States for everything from churches to banks to private residences—was unsuitable as a national American style. He maintained that the Greek temples upon which

3136-503: Was witnessed by Reed's teacher, Grace Hine, Dedham's former chief telephone operator of 39 years, Margaret Dooley, Selectman Arthur Lee, and several representatives of New England Telephone and Telegraph Company . Today the Museum and Archive is a 501(c)(3) charity. The public, but not official, name of the organization was changed in 2013 to become the Dedham Historical Society & Museum. There have been six executive directors since

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