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35-588: The Degehabur consists of 11 districts and the oldest one is the Aware district, others are Yo’ale , Gashamo , Gunagado , Dig , Bir , Ilbur etc. Local landmarks include the white mosque of Degehabur, which Anthony Mockler described as "the most important in the Somali Region." The NGO Doctors without Borders operates a clinic in Degehabur. The upgrade of the 165-kilometer road between Degahabur and

70-752: Is a solar calendar that has much in common with the Coptic calendar of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria and Coptic Catholic Church , but like the Julian calendar , it adds a leap day every four years without exception, and begins the year on 11 or 12th of September in the Gregorian calendar (from 1900 to 2099). A gap of seven to eight years between the Ethiopian and Gregorian calendars results from an alternative calculation in determining

105-465: Is every four without exception, while Gregorian centurial years are only leap years when exactly divisible by 400; thus, a set of corresponding dates will most often apply for a single century. As the Gregorian year 2000 is a leap year, the current correspondence lasts two centuries instead. The start of the Ethiopian calendar year (the Feast of El-Nayrouz) falls on 29 or 30 August (on the year just before

140-619: Is for Muslims. 8°13′N 43°34′E  /  8.217°N 43.567°E  / 8.217; 43.567 Aware (town) Aware ( Somali : Awaare ) is a town and the capital city of the Aware woreda, in the Somali Region of Ethiopia . It is frequently considered part of the Haud . Aware is situated near the border with Somaliland and is one of the oldest cities in the Hawd , with history spanning over centuries. Prior to

175-534: The Central Statistical Agency in 2005, this woreda has an estimated total population of 132,149, of whom 61,685 were males and 70,464 were females; 33,582 or 25.41% of its population are urban dwellers, which is greater than the Zone average of 22.3%. Because of its high population and the large territory encompassed, The 2007 Census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA)

210-697: The Incarnation Era , which dates from the Annunciation of the Incarnation of Jesus on 25 March AD 9 (Julian), as calculated by Annianus of Alexandria c.  400; thus, its first civil year began seven months earlier on 29 August AD 8. Meanwhile, Europeans eventually adopted the calculations made by Dionysius Exiguus in AD ;525 instead, which placed the Annunciation nine years earlier ( Anno Domini#New year ) than had Annianus. This causes

245-511: The Mark -year. The year with the sixth epagomenal day is traditionally designated as the Luke -year. The leap year has 7 days every 700 years as opposed to 6 days every four years for the thirteenth month -Pagumen.The pagumen(ጳጉሜን) month has 5 days during the non-leap years. These Gregorian dates are valid only from March 1900 to February 2100. This is because 1900 and 2100 are not leap years in

280-474: The Somali (98.45%), all other ethnic groups made up the remaining 1.55% of the residents. Cumar Binu Khadaab One of the first private schools in Degehabur, Jarar is Cumar Binu khadaab primary and secondary schools. It was established in the 2008-2009 academic year and was started with only four grades, grades one to four. The number of enrolled students in the second year of the school was massive and suddenly

315-516: The diaspora . It is also an ecclesiastical calendar for Ethiopian Christians and Eritrean Christians belonging to the Orthodox Tewahedo Churches ( Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church ), Eastern Catholic Churches ( Eritrean Catholic Church and Ethiopian Catholic Church ), and Eastern Protestant Christian P'ent'ay (Ethiopian-Eritrean Evangelical) Churches . The Ethiopian calendar

350-528: The 1960s, Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie responded to the 1963–1965 Ogaden rebellion with brutal and repressive crackdowns against the Somalis in the Ogaden region. Most infamous of these reprisals was on the town of Degehabur in what became known locally as the "Kanone Massacre". Degehabur was bombarded by artillery from nearby high ground, which was followed by a killing spree when army troops later entered

385-517: The 1977 Ogaden War , the city served as the principal seat of the Jarar Zone . At the onset of the '77 war, the provincial capital of the zone was moved more inland to Degehabur , which by the early 70's surpassed Aware both in population and in economic importance. Aware was the only city in present-day Ethiopia that the British had established a colony including a sizable military presence and

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420-558: The Alexandrian Era ( Anno Mundi = in the year of the world) and the date of creation , on 29 August 5493 BC . After the 6th century AD, the era was used by Egyptian, Ethiopian, and Eritrean chronologists. The twelfth 532 year-cycle of this era began on 29 August AD 360, and so 4×19 years after the Era of Martyrs. Bishop Anianos preferred the Annunciation as New Year's Day, 25 March. Thus he shifted

455-714: The Coptic Orthodox Church of Egypt – was the Era of Martyrs, also known as the Diocletian Era, or the era of Diocletian and the Martyrs, whose first year began on 29 October 328. Respective to the Gregorian and Julian New Year's Days, 3½ to 4 months later, the difference between the Era of Martyrs and the Anno Domini is 285 years (285= 15×19). This is because in AD 525, Dionysius Exiguus decided to add 15  Metonic cycles to

490-521: The Ethiopian year number to be eight years less than the Gregorian year number from January 1 until 10 or 11 September, then seven years less for the remainder of the Gregorian year. In the past, a number of other eras for numbering years were also widely used in Ethiopia, Eritrea, and the Kingdom of Aksum . The most important era – once widely used by Eastern Christianity , and still used by

525-443: The Gregorian calendar; except for the year preceding a leap year, when it occurs on 12 September. The Ethiopian Calendar Year 1998 Amätä Məhrät ("Year of Mercy") began on Gregorian calendar 11 September 2005. The Ethiopian calendar years 1992 and 1996, however, began on the Gregorian dates of 12 September in 1999 and 2003 respectively. This date correspondence applies for Gregorian years 1900 to 2099. The Ethiopian calendar leap year

560-622: The Julian leap year). This date corresponds to the Old-Style Julian calendar; the start of the year has been transferred forward in the currently used Gregorian calendar to 11 or 12 September (on the year just before the Gregorian leap year). This deviation between the Julian and the Gregorian Calendar will increase with the passing of the time. To indicate the year, followers of the Ethiopian and Eritrean churches today use

595-577: The Panodoros era by about six months (to begin on 25 March 5492 BC). In the Ethiopian calendar this was equivalent to 15 Magabit 5501 B.C. (E.C.). The Anno Mundi era remained in usage until the late 19th century. The four-year leap year cycle is associated with the four Evangelists : the first year after an Ethiopian leap year is named the John -year, followed by the Matthew -year, and then

630-470: The Regional capital, Jijiga , to an all-weather asphalt road, was announced to be almost complete on 31 October 2007, with the remaining 40 kilometers awaiting completion. Construction of a 106-kilometer asphalt road between Degehabur and the town of Shekoosh was underway by March 2009. Local inhabitants constitute half of the 1,100 workers employed by the project. During the nineteenth century, Degehabur

665-519: The army and taken to the military base in that town. At the end of September 2007, four months later, according to their owners, all 18 trucks were still impounded at the military base. Based on figures from the Central Statistical Agency in 2007, Degehabur has an estimated total population of 150 000 of whom 85 000 are men and 65 000 are women. The 1997 census reported this town had a total population of 28,708 of whom 14,976 were men and 13,732 women. The largest two ethnic groups reported in this town were

700-545: The attack on the ONLF, who afterward denied responsibility for the attack. Partly in response to this attack, the Ethiopian Army began confiscating commercial vehicles that moved goods into the conflict-affected zones of Somali Region. In May 2007 the last major trade convoy left Hargeysa , consisting of 18 trucks stocked with food items and clothing. This convoy stopped near Degehabur and all 18 trucks were confiscated by

735-882: The beginning of the Second Italo-Abyssinian War . Despite the construction of a series of fortifications south of the town, the Italians under General Rodolfo Graziani defeated the Ethiopian defenders in the Battle of the Ogaden , and occupied Degehabur 30 April 1936. In the East African campaign in World War II , the Nigerian Brigade drove the Italians from the town in March 1941. During

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770-579: The corresponding Julian leap day. Thus, the first day of the Ethiopian calendar year, 1 Mäskäräm, for years between 1900 and 2099 (inclusive), is usually 11 September (Gregorian). It falls on 12 September in years before the Gregorian leap year, however. The Ethiopian New Year is called Kudus Yohannes in Ge'ez and Tigrinya , while in Amharic , the official language of Ethiopia, it is called Enkutatash meaning "gift of jewels". It occurs on 11 September in

805-560: The date of the Annunciation . The Ethiopian calendar has twelve months, all thirty days long, and five or six epagomenal days , which form a thirteenth month. The Ethiopian months begin on the same days as those of the Coptic calendar, but their names are in Ge'ez . A sixth epagomenal day is added every four years, without exception, on 29 August of the Julian calendar, six months before

840-525: The existing 13 Metonic cycles of the Diocletian Era (15×19 + 13×19 = 532) to obtain an entire 532 year medieval Easter cycle, whose first cycle ended with the year Era of Martyrs 247 (= 13×20) equal to year DXXXI. It is also because 532 is the product of the Metonic cycle of 20 years and the solar cycle of 28 years. It has 13 months in a year. Around AD 400, an Alexandrine monk called Panodoros fixed

875-460: The last few years, and now there is only left an immense area of stubble and the ruins of the village. Dagahbur used to be a thriving settlement of one thousand five hundred inhabitants ... now not a hut is left." In the 1920s Degehabur started to recover. It was said that there were some two hundred villages within the distance of a day's travel and that these used the market at Degehabur. By 1931 there were motorable roads in five directions out from

910-434: The school became popular in and around the town. The school’s population and popularity grew in such a short period of time. As for now, in 2023, the school has two primary schools, and a secondary school, and is in the process of making a university. The two classes that this school offers that are not taught in other schools are Arabic and Islamic Studies. This is because non-Muslim students attend other schools but this school

945-773: The settlement. Degahabur was defended by the 11th Brigade of the Ethiopian Army at the beginning of the Ogaden War , until the unit was ordered at the end of July 1977 to withdraw to Jijiga. It was recaptured by the 69th Brigade and the Third Cuban Tank Brigade 6 March 1978. Haji Ahmed nur Sheikh Mumin, imam of the Degehabur mosque, was one of those arrested in 1994 for supporting the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF). Amnesty international reported in 1996 that he

980-482: The town. Wealthy inhabitants had started erecting two-story buildings. In 1927, Ethiopian soldiers attacked the British governor of Somaliland while he was in Degehabur on a hunting trip, killing eight of his bodyguards. The British Government protested but was met with little response from Ras Tafari , who claimed that he was not able to keep some of his men in order. Due to its strategic location, Degehabur used as by Dejazmach Nasibu Emmanual as his headquarters at

1015-520: The vicinity of almost every settlement in Aware have become overgrazed by cattle belonging to the villagers, thus driving away ideal nomads raising camels and small ruminants in the eternal search for pasture and water. As part of their response to the local insurgency , the Ethiopian army enforced a trade embargo on part of the Somali Region which includes Aware. In early June 2007, a truck transporting goods (sugar, oil, and other food items) from Hargeysa

1050-499: Was an important stopping point for caravans crossing the Haud for Hargeisa and Berbera in Somalia , but when Major H.G.C. Swayne travelled through the area in 1893, he found it abandoned and uses it as an example of the destruction caused by "the insecurity resulting from inter-tribal feuds." According to Swayne, at the time of his visit "there were formerly many square miles of jowdri cultivation, which has been abandoned within

1085-478: Was deemed unsatisfactory due to ongoing war between the ONLF and Ethiopian defense forces with Aware at its epicenter. The 1997 national census reported a total population for this woreda of 103,337, of whom 55,839 were men and 47,498 were women; 22,518 or 21.79% of its population were urban dwellers. The population as of today is most likely around 350,000 as a rough estimate. The largest ethnic group reported in Aware

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1120-475: Was still in prison waiting for court trial. On 28 May 2007, during the celebration of Ginbot 20 (celebrating the downfall of the Derg ), Degehabur and Jijiga were the scenes of attacks on civilians and government officials. At least 16 people were killed and 67 injured; one of the injured was Abdulahi Hassan Mohammed , president of the Somali Region, who was speaking at the ceremony. The Ethiopian government blamed

1155-413: Was stopped by a military patrol 12 kilometers from Aware town, near the village of Dud Adaad. The patrol accused the truck's owner of delivering food to the Ogaden National Liberation Front , and confiscated his truck. In mid-September of the same year, three more commercial trucks traveling from Hargeysa to Aware were stopped and confiscated by the army at Bukudhaba village. Based on figures published by

1190-756: Was the Somali . The town is almost exclusively inhabited by the Isaaq clan-family, specifically the Eidagale sub clan of the Garhajis. Ethiopian calendar The Ethiopian calendar ( Amharic : ዓውደ ወር ; Ge'ez : ዓዉደ ወርሕ ; Tigrinya : ዓዉደ ኣዋርሕ ), or Ge'ez calendar (Ge'ez: ዓዉደ ወርሕ ; Tigrinya : ዓዉደ ኣዋርሕ ; Amharic : የኢትዮጲያ ዘመን ኣቆጣጠር ) is the official state civil calendar of Ethiopia and serves as an unofficial customary cultural calendar in Eritrea , and among Ethiopians and Eritreans in

1225-685: Was the seat of the British administration in the Haud prior to Somali independence in 1960. Aware has dry pasturage. However, the construction of private wells and birkas (underground concrete water tanks), a development which started in the 1950s and later on dramatically increased after the 1970s, offered a solution to the absence of permanent water. While this encouraged birka owners to further diversify traditional animal husbandry beyond camels and small ruminants into water-dependent cattle, this also increased livestock population in an overpopulated region, putting additional pressure on shrinking resource base;

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