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25-493: Dehaene is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Stanislas Dehaene , a professor at the Collège de France Jean-Luc Dehaene , former Prime Minister of Belgium Luc Dehaene  [ nl ] , former mayor of Ypres Tom Dehaene  [ nl ] , Flemish politician, son of Jean-Luc Dehaene. [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with

50-413: A "global neuronal workspace". To explore the neural basis of this global neuronal workspace, he has conducted functional neuroimaging experiments of masking and the attentional blink , which show that information that reaches conscious awareness leads to increased activation in a network of parietal and frontal regions. However, some of his work on this subject has been called into question due to

75-475: A methodological flaw in the "standard reasoning of unconscious priming". In addition, Dehaene has used brain imaging to study language processing in monolingual and bilingual subjects, and in collaboration with Laurent Cohen, the neural basis of reading. Dehaene and Cohen initially focused on the role of ventral stream regions in visual word recognition, and in particular the role of the left inferior temporal cortex for reading written words. They identified

100-770: A neurologist at the Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris, Dehaene also identified patients with lesions in different regions of the parietal lobe with impaired multiplication, but preserved subtraction (associated with lesions of the inferior parietal lobule ) and others with impaired subtraction, but preserved multiplication (associated with lesions to the intraparietal sulcus). This double dissociation suggested that different neural substrates for overlearned, linguistically mediated calculations, like multiplication, are mediated by inferior parietal regions, while on-line computations, like subtraction are mediated by

125-431: A process of " neuronal recycling " that causes brain circuits originally evolved for object recognition to become tuned to recognize frequent letters, pairs of letters and words, and have tested these ideas examining brain responses in a group of adults who did not learn to read due to social and cultural constraints. Jacques Mehler Mehler studied chemistry and obtained his Licenciatura en Ciencias Quimicas at

150-608: A region they called the "visual word form area" (VWFA) that was consistently activated during reading, and also found that when this region was surgically removed to treat patients with intractable epilepsy , reading abilities were severely impaired. Dehaene, Cohen and colleagues have subsequently demonstrated that, rather than being a single area, the VWFA is the highest stage in a hierarchy of visual feature extraction for letter and word recognition. More recently, they have turned their attention to how learning to read may depend on

175-512: A sequence of syllables, distinguishing lists of bisyllabic items from lists of trisyllabic items, and computing rhythmic properties of speech utterances. These findings helped formulate bootstrapping accounts of language acquisition. Rhythmical computations became a central topic of his subsequent research. Further, he and his students explored the brain structures involved in language processing using brain-imaging devices – PET, MRI, and eventually Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. One of their early results

200-629: A shift from the constructivist viewpoint toward biologically grounded theories that required validation with much younger infants. While at the CNRS in France, he established collaborations with the Cochin-Baudeloque maternity, where they created a laboratory to study the core dispositions in neonates. These studies helped to understand precursors of language learning in neonates, such as recognizing their mother's voice, perceiving speech streams as

225-409: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Stanislas Dehaene Stanislas Dehaene (born May 12, 1965) is a French author and cognitive neuroscientist whose research centers on a number of topics, including numerical cognition , the neural basis of reading and the neural correlates of consciousness . As of 2017, he is a professor at the Collège de France and, since 1989,

250-477: The Collège de France . Dehaene is best known for his work on numerical cognition , a discipline which he popularized and synthesized with the publication of his 1997 book, The Number Sense ( La Bosse des maths ) which won the Prix Jean-Rostand  [ fr ] for best French language general-audience scientific book. He began his studies of numerical cognition with Jacques Mehler, examining

275-505: The Universidad de Buenos Aires from 1952 to 1958. After that, he went to Oxford University and University College of London where he obtained his B.Sc. degree in 1959. From 1961 to 1964, he studied at Harvard University , at the time of the cognitive revolution , where he worked with George A. Miller and obtained a PhD. in psychology. Mehler was Emeritus at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales , where he directed

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300-464: The University of Oregon . Dehaene returned to France in 1997 to serve as Research Director at INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research) through 2005. He subsequently began his own research group, which today numbers nearly 30 graduate students, post-doctoral fellows and researchers. In 2005, he was elected to the newly created Chair of Experimental Cognitive Psychology at

325-522: The University of Paris VI . He turned to neuroscience and psychology after reading Jean-Pierre Changeux 's book, L'Homme neuronal ( Neuronal Man: The Biology of The Mind ). Dehaene began to collaborate on computational neuronal models of human cognition, including working memory and task control, collaborations which continue to the present day. Dehaene completed his PhD in Experimental Psychology in 1989 with Jacques Mehler at

350-410: The surname Dehaene . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dehaene&oldid=824618617 " Category : Surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description

375-559: The École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), Paris. After receiving his doctorate, Dehaene became a research scientist at INSERM in the Cognitive Sciences and Psycholinguistics Laboratory ( Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique ) directed by Mehler. He spent two years, from 1992 to 1994, as a post-doctoral fellow at the Institute of Cognitive and Decision Sciences, with Michael Posner at

400-713: The Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique (LSCP); he was also the head of the Language, Cognition and Development lab at the International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA) in Trieste ( Italy ). In 1982, He became a member of the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics ' Scientific Council in 1982. He was editor-in-chief of the journal Cognition until 2007. Mehler

425-457: The cross-linguistic frequency of number words, whether numbers were understood in an analog or compositional manner, and the connection between numbers and space (the "SNARC effect"). With Changeux, he then developed a computational model of numerical abilities, which predicted log-gaussian tuning functions for number neurons, a finding which has now been elegantly confirmed with single-unit physiology With long-time collaborator Laurent Cohen,

450-760: The director of INSERM Unit 562, "Cognitive Neuroimaging". Dehaene was one of ten people to be awarded the James S. McDonnell Foundation Centennial Fellowship in 1999 for his work on the "Cognitive Neuroscience of Numeracy". In 2003, together with Denis Le Bihan, Dehaene was awarded the Grand Prix scientifique de la Fondation Louis D. from the Institut de France . He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2010. In 2014, together with Giacomo Rizzolatti and Trevor Robbins , he

475-419: The intraparietal sulcus. Shortly thereafter, Dehaene began EEG and functional neuroimaging studies of these capacities, showing that parietal and frontal regions were specifically involved in mathematical cognition, including the dissociation between subtraction and multiplication observed in his previous patient studies. Together with Pierre Pica , and Elizabeth Spelke , Stanislas Dehaene has studied

500-399: The mind/brain mechanisms in neonates.  In Trieste, his group became interested in how the process of statistical, or distributional learning (a non-language-specific mechanism) in infants might interact with their capacity of extracting and generalizing algebraic-like structures from their perceptual input. Subsequently, the group developed an interest in how speech prosody contributes to

525-876: The numeracy and numeral expressions of the Mundurucu (an indigenous tribe living in Para, Brazil ). Dehaene subsequently turned his attention to work on the neural correlates of consciousness , leading to numerous scientific articles, an edited book, "The Cognitive Neuroscience of Consciousness " and is the Past President of the Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness . Dehaene has developed computational models of consciousness, based on Bernard Baars 's Global Workspace Theory , which suggest that only one piece of information can gain access to

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550-700: The process of language acquisition. Jacques and his group showed that prosody provides perceptible domains that constrain the acquisition process. Further, along with Marina Nespor and other colleagues, they hypothesized that vowels and consonants play different roles in language processing and acquisition, a proposal that has given rise to a host of experimental investigations revealing functional differences between vowels and consonants, even in infancy. Along with his students and collaborators, Jacques also explored adult speech processing, arithmetic abilities, music, social cognition, executive functions in bilingual infants, and human reasoning. For example, The Proceedings of

575-560: Was awarded the Brain Prize . Dehaene is an associate editor of the journal Cognition , and a member of the editorial board of several other journals, including NeuroImage , PLoS Biology , Developmental Science , and Neuroscience of Consciousness . Dehaene studied mathematics at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris from 1984 to 1989. He obtained his master's degree in Applied mathematics and computer science in 1985 from

600-739: Was elected a foreign honorary member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2001, a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2003, and an international member of the American Philosophical Society in 2009. Jacques Mehler devoted most of his career to language processing and language acquisition. Early on, he and his colleagues discovered that 2-year-olds display previously unsuspected cognitive capacities, providing alternative explanations for Piagetian demonstrations, and contributed to

625-681: Was to demonstrate a left-lateralized response to speech over backward-speech in newborns. In 2001 he moved to SISSA-ISAS, in Trieste, Italy, where he established the Language, Cognition and Development (LCD) laboratory, to pursue studies of the mind/brain system during early development. He organized a neonate-testing unit in Udine at the University Hospital and helped develop a Near Infrared Spectroscopy brain-imaging laboratory to explore

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