The House of Demidov ( Russian : Деми́довы ) also Demidoff and Dimidov , was a prominent Russian noble family during the 18th and 19th centuries. Originating in the city of Tula in the 17th century, the Demidovs found success through metal products, and were entered into the European nobility by Peter the Great . Their descendants became among the most influential merchants and earliest industrialists in the Russian Empire . At their peak, they were estimated to have had a net worth of around $ 300 billion and to be the second-richest family in Russia, behind only the Russian Imperial Family . The Demidov family scattered to America and to Italy and other European countries as a result of the February Revolution of 1917 .
22-463: Their progenitor , Demid Antufiev , was a free blacksmith from Tula , where their family necropolis is preserved as a museum. His son Nikita Demidov (March 26, 1656 – November 17, 1725) made his fortune by his skill in the manufacture of weapons, and established an iron foundry for the government. Peter the Great , with whom he was a favorite, ennobled him in 1720. For two centuries,
44-637: A page prepared from notes supplied by Alexandre Tissot Demidoff, great-grandson of Princess Aurore on a Angelfire page https://www.angelfire.com/realm/gotha/gotha/demidov.html, is not permitted.] In 1798, Nikolay Nikitich Demidov was made a Family Commander of the Russian Grand Priory of the Order of Saint John , by Tsar Paul I . Those favoured by Emperor Paul and his son Alexander had been given beneficed Commanderies, and others were encouraged to use their wealth to create their own Commanderies; it
66-546: A progenitor (often a god) in their mythologies, for example, the Hellenistic Greeks look back to Hellen as their progenitor. In Indian Hinduism Manu is the progenitor of all mankind. In the Abrahamic religions , Adam , Noah , Abraham and others are described as progenitors (see also Biblical patriarchy ). In archaeogenetics (archaeological genetics), a human Y-chromosomal Adam has been named as
88-506: A progenitor to be the earliest recorded ancestor of a consanguineous family group of descendants . Progenitors are sometimes used to describe the status of a genealogical research project, or in order to compare the availability of genealogical data in different times and places. Often, progenitors are implied to be patrilineal . If a patrilineal dynasty is considered, each such dynasty has exactly one progenitor. Aristocratic and dynastic families often look back to an ancestor who
110-438: Is seen as the founder and progenitor of their house (i.e. family line). Even the old Roman legal concept of agnates ( Latin for "descendants") was based on the idea of the unbroken family line of a progenitor, but only includes male members of the family, whilst the women were referred to as " cognatic ". It is rarely possible to confirm biological parenthood in the case of ancient family lines (see bastardy ). In addition,
132-474: Is these which were known as Family or Ancestral Commanderies. In 1811, a Ukase was enacted which brought this institution to an end. However, by personal grant of the Emperor, the title of " Hereditary Commander " was held by some descendants who qualified. In 1928, a group of descendants of the original Family Commanders formed an Association. By 1958, the group was chaired by Grand Duke Vladimir (successor to
154-592: The Leaning Tower of Nevyansk . His fortune was inherited by his eldest son Prokofi Demidov , whilst his younger son Nikita Akinfievitch Demidov (1724–1789) became an arts patron. Akinfiy's nephew, Pavel Grigoryevich Demidov (1738–1821), was a great traveller and benefactor of Russian scientific education who befriended Carl Linnaeus and Pallas . He established the Demidov Lyceum in Yaroslavl ,
176-599: The most recent common ancestor from whom all currently living people are descended patrilinearly. This Adam lived in Africa at a time variously estimated from 60,000 to 338,000 years ago. And Mitochondrial Eve , the most recent common ancestor in the matrilineal line, is estimated to have lived from 100,000 to 230,000 years ago. (There being no suggestion that these, “Eve” and “Adam”, lived at nearby times or places. And there were many other common ancestors in other lines of descent.) Lopukhin family The House of Lopukhin
198-567: The 1300 known indigenous peoples and ethnic groups worldwide, whilst around 600 have patrilineal rules of descent (from father to son). In the mythological beliefs of the Romans the god of war, Mars , was viewed as the progenitor of the Romans; which is why the Mars symbol ( ♂ , a shield and spear), is used to refer to the male sex . Besides cities and countries, ethnic groups may also have
220-572: The 1st Prince Lopukhin-Demidov, a representative of another branch of this industrialist clan. His son, colonel Aleksander Nikolayevich Demidoff, 2nd Prince Lopukhin-Demidov (1870–1937), moved to Finland after the revolution , bought Anttolanhovi manor in Anttola near Mikkeli in 1917 where he lived for a while, until the inheritance was spent. His spouse was Princess Natalia Dmitrievna Naryshkin (1886–1957), who died in Mikkeli in 1957. Their son
242-628: The Demidov chair in Natural history at Moscow University , and founded an annual prize for Russian literature, awarded by the Academy of Sciences . A bronze monument to him was installed in Yaroslavl in 1828. Pavel's nephew, Nikolay Nikitich Demidov , fought in the Napoleonic War with distinction, raised and commanded a regiment to oppose Napoleon's invasion of Russia , and carried on
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#1732771940990264-482: The Demidov plants produced a large portion of Russia's iron and steel. The Palace of Westminster was one of many notable buildings constructed of Demidov metal products. Nikita's son, Akinfiy Demidov (1678–1745), increased his inherited wealth by the discovery and working of gold, silver and copper mines. He also founded the Siberian town of Barnaul , whose central square still bears his name. He also commissioned
286-569: The Italian title of Prince of San Donato and married Princess Mathilde , daughter of Jérôme Bonaparte . His Villa Demidoff is a minor landmark of Florence . Anatole's great grand nephew, Prince Paul of Yugoslavia , was regent of Yugoslavia between 1934 and 1941. The second and last Prince Lopukhin , Pavel Petrovich Lopukhin (1788–1873) (son of Pyotr Lopukhin ), was granted in 1873 the right to pass his title and name to his great-nephew, general Nikolai Petrovitch Demidoff (1836–1910) styled as
308-754: The Russian Throne). This group regulated the claims of the descendants. On 14 April 1958, under his signature of Grand Duke Vladimir decided in favour of Paul Demidoff; " de faire droit à Votre requête et de confirmer Votre titre de Commandeur Héréditaire de l'Union des Descendants des Commandeurs Héréditaires et Chevaliers du Grand Prieuré Russe de l'Ordre de St. Jean de Jérusalem en tant que descendant direct de Demidoff Nicolas fils de Nicétas qui, par grâce de Mon trisaïeul, S.M. l'Empereur Paul I-r Grand Maître de l'Ordre de St. Jean de Jérusalem avait été élevé le 2I Juillet 1799 " - in translation; " to grant Your request and to confirm Your title of Hereditary Commander of
330-754: The Union of the Descendants of the Hereditary Commanders and Knights of the Russian Grand Priory about St John of Jerusalem as a direct descendant of Demidoff Nicholas son of Nicétas which, by grace of My great-great-grandfather, H.M. the Emperor Paul I Grand Master of the Order of St John of Jerusalem had been elevated 21 July 1799 ". Alexandre Tissot Demidoff (of Berkshire, England) chairs an Association which seeks to continue
352-587: The accumulation of the family wealth from mining; he contributed liberally to the erection of four bridges in St Petersburg , and to the propagation of scientific culture in Moscow. He was created a Count by the Grand Duke of Tuscany . Nikolay's son Count Pavel Nikolayevich Demidov fought as an officer in his father's regiment and received his baptism of fire at the battle of Borodino in 1812. After
374-445: The humanitarian tradition of the Russian Grand Priory, to which Alexander Demidoff (of Paris, and son of Paul Demidoff above) belongs. Progenitor In genealogy , the progenitor (rarer: primogenitor ; German : Stammvater or Ahnherr ) is the – sometimes legendary – founder of a family , line of descent , clan or tribe , noble house , or ethnic group . Genealogy (commonly known as family history) understands
396-443: The progenitor is often a distant ancestor, only known as a result of oral tradition . Where people groups and communities rely solely on a patrilinear family line, their common ancestor often became the subject of a legend surrounding the origin of the family. By contrast, families and peoples with a matrilinear history trace themselves back to an original female progenitrix . Matrilinear rules of descent are found in about 200 of
418-705: The war, he entered the Chevalier Guards regiment . He received his discharge in 1831 with the rank of captain when he entered civil service as governor of the province of Kursk . In 1834, he entered service in the Ministry of the Exterior as Imperial Master of the Hunt, later State Councillor. Count Pavel Demidov is best known for his philanthropy, primarily for having founded the Demidov Prize . He married
440-493: The well-known society beauty and maid-of-honour to Her Majesty the Empress Alexandra Feodorovnya , Aurora Stjernvall in 1836. Their son, Pavel Pavlovich Demidov , who became the 2nd Prince of San Donato, was the grandfather of Prince Paul of Yugoslavia . Nikolay's second son, Anatoly Nikolaievich Demidov, 1st Prince of San Donato , was a well-known traveller and patron of art. In 1840, he acquired
462-596: Was Nikolai Alexandrovich Demidov, 3rd Prince Lopukhin-Demidov (1904–1995), who lived in New Hampshire in the United States. His brother was Aleksander Aleksandrovich Demidoff (1905–1982) who was born and lived in Finland. His son was Yrjö Onni Johannes Demidov, 4th Prince Lopukhin-Demidov (1936–2018). His son is Nikolai Alexander Paul Demidov, 5th Prince Lopukhin-Demidov (born 1976). [No reference added, since
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#1732771940990484-649: Was an old Russian noble family , most influential during the Russian Empire , forming one of the branches of the Sorokoumov-Glebov family . The family is said to have descended from Rededya and first appeared in the XIV century documents as Boyars of Ivan I of Moscow . Laptev family share the same roots as the Lopukhin family, as they descended from two brothers, Esip - nicknamed Lapot, who became
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