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36-573: The Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam ( transl.  National Progressive Dravidian Federation ; abbr. DMDK ) is an Indian regional political party in the state of Tamil Nadu . It is a Dravidian party founded by the former leader of the opposition in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Vijayakant (Captain) at Madurai on 14 September 2005. The party was led by its founder until 14 December 2023 from its date of founding. From 14 December 2023,

72-930: A coalition government . Notable examples include the Sinn Féin's participation in the Northern Ireland Executive since 1999, the New Flemish Alliance's participation in the Federal Government of Belgium in 2014–2019 and Lega' s frequent participation in the Italian government . Examples of regional parties that do not generally campaign for greater autonomy or federalism include most provincial parties in Canada , most regional and minority parties in Europe , notably including

108-562: A group of Althing representatives rejected the new party's platform, which was inspired by that of UK Prime Minister Tony Blair 's centrist New Labour , and broke away before the merger to found the Left-Green Movement , a party based on more traditional democratic socialist values as well as Euroscepticism and green politics . The Icelandic Movement – Living Country merged into the party in March 2009. In February 2013,

144-425: Is a political ideology that seeks to increase the political power , influence and self-determination of the people of one or more subnational regions . It focuses on the "development of a political or social system based on one or more" regions , and/or the national, normative, or economic interests of a specific region, group of regions or another subnational entity, gaining strength from or aiming to strengthen

180-836: Is a mild proponent of Venetian independence), the Martinican Progressive Party in Martinique and the Communist Party of Réunion in Réunion (both French overseas territories ) and the New Macau Association in Macau (China). In some countries, the development of regionalist politics may be a prelude to further demands for greater autonomy or even full separation, especially when ethnic, cultural and economic disparities are present. This

216-1143: Is disputed by China ). Federalist and/or autonomist regional parties include the Coalition Avenir Québec in Quebec (Canada), the New Progressive Party and the Popular Democratic Party in Puerto Rico (a commonwealth of the United States ), Femu a Corsica and the Party of the Corsican Nation in Corsica (France), Lega Nord and its sister/successor party Lega in northern Italy (the party has, at times, advocated Padania 's independence and its "national section" in Veneto , Liga Veneta ,

252-432: The 17th Lok Sabha polls, along with All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam , Pattali Makkal Katchi , Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar) , and some unrecognized parties. Vijayakant wants to prove his vote bank strength in this election, but the party was humiliated and lost all four that it contested out of the 39 Lok Sabha seats in the state. The Secular Progressive Alliance (SPA), a DMK-led alliance consisting of all

288-712: The 2009 general election , it contested 40 seats—39 in Tamil Nadu and one in Puducherry—without an alliance and lost in all the constituencies with 0.75% of the vote. Following widespread corruption, a price rise, a power cut, and allegations of nepotism against the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam government, in the 2011 assembly election , the party, in alliance with parties like the left and former chief minister of Tamil Nadu J. Jayalalithaa 's All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK), swept

324-491: The 2013 Icelandic parliamentary election , becoming the third largest in Alþingi and nearly losing all its representatives at the 2016 Icelandic parliamentary election , where it polled 5.7%. In the 2017 Icelandic parliamentary election , the party won seven seats with 12.1% of the vote. However, the party lost one of their seats and received 9.9% of the vote in the 2021 Icelandic parliamentary election . In 2014, it became

360-964: The Basque Nationalist Party and Euskal Herria Bildu in the Basque Country (Spain and France), Together for Catalonia and the Republican Left of Catalonia in Catalonia and the Catalan Countries (Spain and France), the Galician Nationalist Bloc in Galicia (Spain), South Tyrolean Freedom and Die Freiheitlichen in South Tyrol (Italy), factions of Lega and several minor parties in northern Italy (Italy), nominally

396-672: The Bharatiya Janata Party -led National Democratic Alliance (NDA). Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam , Pattali Makkal Katchi , and Kongunadu Makkal Desiya Katchi and Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi 's Social Democratic Alliance are the other allies of the National Democratic Alliance in Tamil Nadu . In the NDA alliance, the party had the highest number of seats, which were 14 in number. Despite

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432-985: The Christian Social Union in Bavaria ( Germany ), most political parties in Belgium, most political parties in Northern Ireland (United Kingdom), the Istrian Democratic Assembly in Istria ( Croatia ), the Alliance of Primorje-Gorski Kotar in Primorje-Gorski Kotar (Croatia) and most political political parties in India . Regional parties with an autonomist/federalist or separatist agendas have included

468-700: The National Awakening , the People's Alliance , the Social Democratic Party and the Women's List . The parties then formally merged in May 2000 under the name The Alliance ( Samfylkingin ). The merger was a deliberate attempt to unify the entire Icelandic centre-left into one political party capable of countering the centre-right Independence Party . However, the initial attempt failed as

504-526: The People's Alliance , the Social Democratic Party and the Women's List ) following a joint run by all parties in the 1999 Icelandic parliamentary election . The vision of the party was to unite the left-wing of Icelandic politics, which had been fractured since the 1930 split of the Social Democratic Party, and present a united bloc to oppose the ruling Independence Party . In the snap 2009 Icelandic parliamentary election called in

540-1189: The Sardinian Action Party and several minor parties in Sardinia . In developing countries they include the Polisario Front in Western Sahara ( Morocco ), the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad in Azawad ( Mali ), the Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda in the Cabinda Province ( Angola ), all national liberation movements and the Democratic Progressive Party in Taiwan (a country whose sovereignty

576-558: The Social Democratic Party of India (SDPI). The DMDK was contested in five constituencies, including Virudhunagar , which was contested by V. Vijaya Prabhakaran, the party's founder Vijayakant and the general secretary Premallatha Vijayakant's son. The party lost in all the constituencies it contested, and the Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance swept the election in Tamil Nadu. Regionalism (politics) Regionalism

612-481: The "Captain Vijayakant Alliance," which included the Communist Party of India (Marxist) , Communist Party of India , Vaiko 's Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, and Thol. Thirumavalavan 's Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi . The DMDK performed poorly in the election, not winning even a single constituency and losing deposits in the majority of its seats. It also witnessed a vote swing of -5.49% from

648-1043: The "consciousness of and loyalty to a distinct region with a homogeneous population", similarly to nationalism . More specifically, "regionalism refers to three distinct elements: movements demanding territorial autonomy within unitary states; the organization of the central state on a regional basis for the delivery of its policies including regional development policies; political decentralization and regional autonomy". Regions may be delineated by administrative divisions , culture , language and religion , among others. Regionalists' demands occur in "strong" forms (such as sovereigntism , separatism , sovereignty , secession and independence ), as well as more "moderate" campaigns for greater autonomy (such as states' rights , decentralization or devolution ). Strictly speaking, regionalists favour confederations over unitary nation states with strong central governments . They may, however, embrace intermediate forms of federalism . Proponents of regionalism usually claim that strengthening

684-539: The 2011 assembly elections. In the 2019 general elections , after several rounds of talks with different political parties, The move comes after the DMDK’s attempts to make an alliance with the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam , which has already entered into a pre-poll alliance with the Congress and several others, failed. DMDK contested with the Bharatiya Janata Party -led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) in Tamil Nadu for

720-632: The DMDK is led by Vijayakant's wife Premallatha Vijayakant as general secretary of the party. The party served as the main opposition party in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from 27 May 2011 to 21 February 2016. The headquarters of the party is called Captain Aalayam, which is located at Jawaharlal Nehru Salai, Koyambedu , Chennai . The party was founded on 14 September 2005, as Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam (DMDK) by

756-723: The aforementioned Bloc Québécois , Lega Nord , the Vlaams Belang , the New Flemish Alliance, the defunct Catalan European Democratic Party , the Republican Left of Catalonia, the Scottish National Party, Plaid Cymru and Sinn Féin Lists of regional and regionalist parties are available at: Social Democratic Alliance The Social Democratic Alliance was founded in 2000 after a merger of four centre-left political parties (the National Awakening ,

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792-568: The aftermath of the Icelandic financial crisis , the Social Democratic Alliance under the leadership of Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir emerged as the largest party and formed a coalition government with the Left-Green Movement , which was the country's first majority left-wing government. She was the country’s first female prime minister and the world’s first openly gay head of government. The party lost substantial support in

828-472: The big hype, the party lost all 14 seats to AIADMK candidates. But it was the first time in 52 years that the DMK alliance was pushed to third place by the number of seats, and this election gave confidence to most parties that the future of Tamil Nadu lies in a coalition government. The DMDK decided to run alongside the People's Welfare Front (PWA) in the 2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election , as part of

864-444: The former leader of the opposition in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Vijayakant (Captain), a veteran Tamil film star and popular politician. He assumed the responsibility of the founder-president of the party. Ramu Vasanthan, who was the state president of the fans' forum, took charge as the general secretary of the party. On 17 July 2009, he died of a cardiac arrest. In 2014, the party's founder-president, Vijayakant, took over

900-613: The general secretary of the party in the presence of the party's deputy secretaries at the General Council Meeting held in Chennai . Since Vijayakant's demise, the party is being completely led by Premallatha as the general secretary of the party. In the 2024 general election , the DMDK joined the AIADMK-led Alliance in Tamil Nadu for the 18th Lok Sabha polls, along with Puthiya Tamilagam (PT) and

936-403: The governing bodies and political powers within a region, at the expense of a centralized government , will benefit local populations by improving regional or local economies, in terms of better fiscal responsibility , regional development , allocation of resources, implementation of localist policies and plans, competitiveness among regions and, ultimately, the whole country, consistent with

972-723: The largest party in the Reykjavík City Council , and party member Dagur B. Eggertsson became mayor. From 2018 it has been the second largest party in the City Council after the Independence Party but remains in a majority coalition. The Social Democratic Alliance was born in the run-up to the 1999 Icelandic parliamentary election as a political alliance of the four left-wing political parties that had existed in Iceland up till then, namely

1008-500: The major opposition parties in the state, swept the election by winning 38 seats. In the 2021 assembly election , the DMDK, which had the support of the Amma Makkal Munnettra Kazagam , Social Democratic Party of India , and All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen , lost 60 seats contested and saw a vote percentage swing of -1.96% compared to previous assembly elections. After the election, the DMK emerged as

1044-472: The official name of the party was changed to The Alliance – Social Democratic Party of Iceland ( Icelandic : Samfylkingin – Jafnaðarmannaflokkur Íslands ). The chair of the party is Kristrún Frostadóttir , who was elected in 2022. Logi Már Einarsson was the chairperson from 2016-2022. Oddný G. Harðardóttir was elected as chair of the party to succeed Árni Páll Árnason in June 2016, but she resigned after

1080-558: The opposition in a state's legislative assembly in India . The large victory also earned recognition and a permanent election symbol Nagara from the Election Commission of India . Vijayakant stepped down as leader of the opposition on 21 February 2016, after eight DMDK party MLAs resigned. The party's performance began to deteriorate after the 2014 general election ; it fought the Lok Sabha election in an alliance with

1116-487: The polls, winning 202 seats, with the DMDK winning 29 out of 40 which it contested, and got the opposition status in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by making it a second largest party in the legislative assembly next only to its ally AIADMK pushing DMK to third position and Vijayakant recognized as the leader of the opposition in the assembly, becoming the first actor to become the leader of

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1152-423: The position that had previously been vacant. In the 2006 assembly election , the party contested all 234 seats without an alliance and bagged only one seat with 8.38% of the vote, that of its founder-president Vijayakant from Vriddhachalam constituency, who served as a member of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly . Other candidates of this party who contested in other constituencies in this election failed. In

1188-1103: The pre-existing nation state . In developed , Western , liberal-democratic countries, secessionist parties include the Parti Québécois in Quebec ( Canada ), the Scottish National Party and the Scottish Greens in Scotland ( United Kingdom ), Plaid Cymru in Wales (United Kingdom) and, to some extent, Sinn Féin in Northern Ireland (United Kingdom), the New Flemish Alliance and Vlaams Belang in Flanders ( Belgium ), Corsica Libera in Corsica ( France ),

1224-515: The principle of subsidiarity . Regionalism, autonomism , separatism and nationalism are interrelated concepts, yet they often have different and sometimes opposite meanings. For instance, in Spain "regionalism" is regarded as strongly associated with "nationalism" and, often, "separatism", whereas in Italy , it is generally seen as a synonym of " federalism " and the opposite of "nationalism". In some cases movements or parties campaigning for independence may push for federalism or autonomy within

1260-457: The ruling party, and the AIADMK emerged as the main party of the opposition in the assembly. On 26 December 2023, Vijayakant was admitted to MIOT International Hospital, Chennai , due to pneumonia. After a prolonged illness, he died after testing positive for COVID-19 on 28 December 2023. On 14 December 2023, the former leader of the opposition in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Vijayakant , announced and appointed Premallatha Vijayakant as

1296-672: Was demonstrated, among other examples, in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s. Political parties that are regional are not necessarily regionalist parties. A "regional party" is any political party with its political base in a single region, whatever its objectives and platform may be, whereas "regionalist" parties are a subset of regional parties that specifically campaign for greater autonomy or independence in their region. Because regional parties – including regionalist parties – often cannot receive enough votes or legislative seats to be politically powerful, they may join political alliances or seek to be part of

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