71-701: The Drumsite Industrial Area is a heritage-listed industrial precinct at Drumsite in the Australian territory of Christmas Island . It was added to the Australian Commonwealth Heritage List on 22 June 2004. The Drumsite Industrial Area comprises the remnants of the former incline railway between Drumsite and the power house in Flying Fish Cove , the Spray Painting Shop at the top of the railway and
142-642: A carbon pricing scheme , which was widely perceived as a breach of a pre-election commitment. Her premiership was often undermined by party instability and numerous scandals, including the AWU affair and the Health Services Union expenses affair . Gillard and Rudd became embroiled in a lengthy political rivalry, resulting in Gillard losing the leadership of the party back to him in a June 2013 leadership spill . Her resignation as prime minister took effect
213-643: A " carbon tax " but said that she would build community consensus for a price on carbon and open negotiations with the mining industry for a re-vamped mining profits tax. Following the 2010 hung parliament election result, the Labor Party elected to adopt the Australian Greens preference for a carbon tax to transition to an emissions trading scheme, establishing a carbon price via the Clean Energy Act 2011 . The government also introduced
284-506: A "sustainable population strategy" in May 2011 which did not specify a target population. In October 2011 trade minister Craig Emerson released a paper with Gillard's approval which advocated for continued rapid rates of population growth. After winning leadership of the Labor Party, Gillard identified addressing the issue of unauthorised arrivals of asylum seekers as a priority of her government. She announced that negotiations were underway for
355-716: A bilateral agreement which would result in 800 asylum seekers who arrive in Australia by boat being taken to Malaysia instead. Australia would take 4,000 people from Malaysia who have previously been assessed as being refugees. However, on 31 August, the High Court ruled that the agreement to transfer refugees from Australia to Malaysia was invalid, and ordered that it not proceed. Australia would still accept 4,000 people who have been assessed as refugees in Malaysia. The asylum seeker debate returned during August 2012 following
426-418: A challenge. Accounts have continued to differ as to the extent of Gillard's foreknowledge and planning of the replacement of Rudd. Rudd initially said that he would challenge Gillard, but it soon became apparent that he did not have enough support within the party to survive in his position. Hours before the vote on 24 June, he resigned as prime minister and Leader of the Labor Party, leaving Gillard to assume
497-652: A flat in Canberra and her home in Altona , a western suburb of Melbourne. Gillard moved into The Lodge on 26 September 2010. As well as being the first female prime minister, and the first never to have married, Gillard is the first prime minister since Billy Hughes to have been born overseas. The leadership question remained a feature of the Gillard government 's terms in office, and amidst ongoing leadership speculation following an ABC TV Four Corners examination of
568-501: A highly regarded debater, with her performances during parliamentary question time prompting Peter van Onselen to call her "the best parliamentary performer on the Labor side". In her role as Minister for Education, Gillard travelled to Washington, D.C., in 2009, where she signed a deal with US Secretary of Education Arne Duncan to encourage improved policy collaboration in education reform between both countries. The establishment of
639-557: A hung parliament, a $ 1.8 billion package was given to rural hospitals, which was agreed to by the independents to support her re-election. In October 2010, her government introduced legislation to reform funding arrangements for the health system, with the intention of giving the Commonwealth responsibility for providing the majority of funding to public hospitals and 100 per cent of funding for primary care and GP services. In February 2011, Gillard announced extensive revision of
710-406: A location near the laboratory. In 1998, it was being used to house phosphate samples, and at that time was reported to be in fair and structurally sound condition. Drumsite Industrial Area was listed on the Australian Commonwealth Heritage List on 22 June 2004. The incline railway, 1930s chute and winding gear sheds are historically and scientifically significant as evidence of previous phases of
781-603: A lot of those problems." On 17 July 2010, 23 days after becoming prime minister and after receiving the agreement of the Governor-General Quentin Bryce, Gillard announced the next federal election would be held on 21 August 2010. Gillard began campaigning with a speech using the slogan "moving forward". In the early stages of the campaign, a series of leaks were released by purported Labor Party sources, indicating apparent divisions within Cabinet over
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#1732784048192852-431: A return to "offshore processing" of asylum seeker claims. Gillard ruled out a return to processing at Nauru and named East Timor as a preferred location for new detention and processing facilities. The East Timorese government rejected the plan. In October 2010, her government announced that it would open two detention centres for 2000 immigrants, due to the pressures in allowing women and children to be released into
923-519: A revised Minerals Resource Rent Tax and the Queensland Flood Levy . In his 2012–13 Budget , Treasurer Swan announced that the government would deliver a $ 1.5 billion surplus. The government cut defence and foreign aid spending. In December 2012, Swan announced that the government no longer expected to achieve a surplus, citing falling revenue and global economic conditions. Like her predecessor Rudd, Gillard had said that health
994-523: A role in the foundation of EMILY's List , the pro-choice fund-raising and support network for Labor women. Gillard has cited Welsh Labour politician Aneurin Bevan as one of her political heroes. Gillard was first elected to the House of Representatives at the 1998 federal election representing Lalor , a safe Labor seat near Melbourne, replacing Barry Jones who retired. She made her maiden speech to
1065-621: A so-called "super ministry", the Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations . She was a member of the Strategic Priorities Budget Committee (SPBC) – also referred to as " Gang of Four " – which comprised Rudd and his most senior ministers: Gillard, Treasurer Wayne Swan and Finance Minister Lindsay Tanner . Formed in late-2007 as a result of an internal review, the SPBC was responsible for
1136-654: A warmer climate. This led the family to migrate to Australia in 1966, settling in Adelaide , South Australia . The Gillard family's first month in Australia was spent in the Pennington Hostel , a now-closed migrant facility located in Pennington , South Australia. In 1974, eight years after they arrived, Gillard and her family became Australian citizens. As a result, Gillard held dual citizenship until she renounced her British citizenship prior to entering
1207-404: Is a priority in her agenda. She announced during the 2010 election, that there would be an increase of 270 placements for emergency doctors and nurses and 3,000 extra nursing scholarships over the following 10 years. She also said mental health would be a priority in her second term, with a $ 277 million suicide-prevention package which would target high-risk groups. As the election delivered
1278-481: Is in the path of the migration routes of Christmas Island red crabs . The Drumsite Village project, a new housing development, was approved by the Gillard administration amid concerns about the growing number of asylum seekers on the island, and is administered by a Queensland company. Two historic sites within the settlement, Bungalow 702 and the Drumsite Industrial Area , are listed on
1349-429: Is of architectural and technical interest. The Drumsite industrial area is now generally a modern industrial site with only a limited number of early historic remains. One half of the incline track is currently used to channel storm water down to the lower terrace, which keeps this half of the track clear. The other half of the incline track is heavily overgrown. The sample shed has been moved from its original position to
1420-443: The 2007 election , she was appointed as deputy prime minister, and was also given the roles of Minister for Education , Minister for Employment and Workplace Relations , and Minister for Social Inclusion . On 24 June 2010 , after Rudd lost internal support within the Labor Party and resigned as leader, Gillard was elected unopposed as his replacement in a leadership spill , and was sworn-in as prime minister. She led Labor through
1491-702: The 2010 election weeks later, which saw the first hung parliament since 1940. Gillard was able to form a minority government with the support of the Greens and three independents . During its term of office, the Gillard government introduced the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS), the Gonski funding , oversaw the early rollout of the National Broadband Network (NBN), and controversially implemented
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#17327840481921562-481: The 2012 Labor leadership spill in which Rudd challenged Gillard to regain the Labor leadership, telling the media that the Rudd government had entered a "period of paralysis" and that Rudd's work patterns were "difficult and chaotic". Upon her election by the Labor Party, Gillard said that she wouldn't move into The Lodge until she was elected prime minister in her own right, instead choosing to divide her time between
1633-408: The Australian Commonwealth Heritage List . This Christmas Island geography article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Julia Gillard Deputy Prime Minister of Australia Prime Minister of Australia Julia Eileen Gillard (born 29 September 1961) is an Australian former politician who served as the 27th prime minister of Australia and the leader of
1704-541: The Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA), an independent authority responsible for the development of a national curriculum, was amongst her first policy pursuits in 2008. She launched the government's " Digital Education Revolution " (DER) program, which provided laptops to all public secondary school students and developed quality digital tools, resources and infrastructure for all schools. In conjunction with DER, Gillard oversaw
1775-565: The Australian Heritage Database published by the Commonwealth of Australia 2019 under CC-BY 4.0 licence , accessed on 15 May 2019. Drumsite Drumsite is a settlement administrated as part of the village of Flying Fish Cove on Christmas Island, Australia . It is located on the northeastern coast of the island. The ethnic composition of the population of Drumsite is Chinese and European. The area
1846-454: The Dogs than there is of any change in the Labor Party". Consequently, Gillard's move against Rudd on 23 June appeared to surprise many Labor backbenchers. Daryl Melham , when asked by a reporter on the night of the challenge if indeed a challenge was on, replied: "Complete garbage. ABC have lost all credibility." As he was being deposed, Rudd suggested that his opponents wanted to move Labor to
1917-653: The Fair Work Act . This established a single industrial relations bureaucracy called Fair Work Australia . Prime Minister Kevin Rudd suffered a decline in his personal ratings, and a perceived loss of support among his own MPs, following the failure of the Government's insulation program , controversy regarding the implementation of a tax on mining , the failure of the government to secure passage of its carbon trading scheme and some policy debate about immigration policy. Significant disaffection had arisen within
1988-580: The Leader of the Opposition in Victoria . Gillard was first elected to the House of Representatives at the 1998 election for the seat of Lalor . Following the 2001 election , she was appointed to the shadow cabinet . In December 2006, Gillard became the running mate of Kevin Rudd in a successful leadership challenge to Kim Beazley , becoming deputy leader of the opposition. After Labor's victory at
2059-571: The University of Adelaide , but switched to the University of Melbourne in 1982, where she graduated with a Bachelor of Laws in 1986 and a Bachelor of Arts in 1989. During this time, she was president of the Australian Union of Students from 1983 to 1984. In 1987, Gillard joined the law firm Slater & Gordon , eventually becoming a partner in 1990, specialising in industrial law. In 1996, she became chief of staff to John Brumby ,
2130-478: The University of Melbourne , Gillard graduated with a Bachelor of Laws degree in 1986 and a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989. In 1987, she joined the law firm Slater & Gordon in Werribee , Victoria, working in industrial law . In 1990, she was admitted as a partner ; at the age of 29, she was the youngest partner within the firm, and one of the first women to hold the position. From 1985 to 1989, Gillard
2201-570: The Wellcome Trust , succeeding Eliza Manningham-Buller . Although Gillard often ranked poorly in opinion polls as prime minister, her premiership has been more favourably received in retrospect. Political experts often place her in the middle-to-upper tier of Australian prime ministers. Gillard was born on 29 September 1961 in Barry, Vale of Glamorgan , Wales. She is the second of two daughters born to John Oliver Gillard (1929–2012) and
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2272-480: The balance of power . Four crossbench MPs, Greens Adam Bandt and independents Andrew Wilkie , Rob Oakeshott and Tony Windsor declared their support for Labor on confidence and supply , allowing Gillard and Labor to remain in power with a minority government. Governor-General Bryce swore in the Second Gillard Ministry on 14 September 2010. Gillard came to office in the aftermath of
2343-573: The " Building the Education Revolution " (BER) program, which allocated $ 16 billion to build new school accommodation including classrooms, libraries and assembly halls. Gillard also ensured the implementation of the National Assessment Program – Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) in 2008, whereby a series of standardised tests focused on basic skills are administered annually to Australian students. This
2414-489: The Australian parliament in 1998. Gillard attended Mitcham Demonstration School before going on to Unley High School . She began an arts degree at the University of Adelaide , during which she was president of the Adelaide University Union from 1981 to 1982. In her second year at the university, Gillard was introduced to politics by the daughter of a state Labor minister. Accordingly, she joined
2485-525: The House on 11 November 1998. Gillard was a member of the standing committee for Employment, Education and Workplace Relations from 8 December 1998 to 8 December 2001, in addition to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs from 20 March 2003 to 18 August 2003. Within the joint committees , she was a member of the Public Accounts and Audit from 8 December 1998 to 11 February 2002, in addition to
2556-643: The Labor Club and became involved in a campaign to fight federal education budget cuts. Gillard cut short her courses in Adelaide in 1982, and moved to Melbourne to work with the Australian Union of Students . In 1983, she became the second woman to lead the Australian Union of Students, serving until the organisation's discontinuation in 1984. She was also the secretary of the left-wing organisation Socialist Forum. Having transferred her studies to
2627-707: The Labor Party (ALP) from 2010 to 2013. She was the member of parliament (MP) for the Victorian division of Lalor from 1998 to 2013. She previously served as the 13th deputy prime minister of Australia from 2007 to 2010, under Kevin Rudd . She is the first and only woman to hold either office in Australian history . Born in Barry , Wales, Gillard migrated with her family to Adelaide in South Australia in 1966. She attended Mitcham Demonstration School and Unley High School . Gillard went on to study at
2698-483: The Labor Party as to the leadership style and direction of Rudd. On 23 June 2010 he announced that Gillard had asked him to hold a leadership ballot the following day to determine the leadership of the Labor Party, and hence the Prime Ministership of Australia. As late as May 2010, prior to challenging Rudd, Gillard was quipping to the media that "There's more chance of me becoming the full-forward for
2769-622: The Native Title and the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Land Fund from 20 March 2003 to 11 August 2003. After Labor's defeat at the 2001 federal election , Gillard was elected to the Shadow Cabinet under then-Labor Leader Simon Crean , where she was given responsibility for Population and Immigration. In February 2003, she was given additional responsibilities for Reconciliation and Indigenous Affairs. In these roles, in
2840-684: The Rooty Hill RSL audience indicated an Abbott victory. Gillard won the audience poll at the Broncos Leagues Club meeting in Brisbane on 18 August. Gillard also appeared on the ABC's Q&A program on 9 August. On 7 August, Gillard was questioned by former Labor leader turned Channel Nine reporter Mark Latham. Gillard officially "launched" Labor's campaign in Brisbane five days before polling day, outlining Labor policies and using
2911-541: The Sample Shed, now located near the Laboratory. The area has played an important role in the history of phosphate mining on Christmas Island; however, most of the site is now a modern industrial site. The main area of heritage interest is the remains of the incline railway, constructed in 1914 and the 1930s ore chute system, although other elements have value to segments of the current island community. The railway
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2982-514: The campaign from this point. Gillard met Opposition leader Tony Abbott for one official debate during the campaign. Studio audience surveys by Channel Nine and the Seven Network suggested a win to Gillard. Unable to agree on further debates, the leaders went on to appear separately on stage for questioning at community forums in Sydney and Brisbane , Queensland . An audience exit poll of
3053-564: The community. One was to be opened in Inverbrackie, South Australia , and one in Northam, Western Australia . She said it would be a short-term solution to the problem and that temporary detention centres would be closed. On 15 December 2010, a ship containing 89 asylum seekers crashed on the shore of Christmas Island , killing up to fifty people. Refugee and migrant advocates condemned the government's hardline policy as responsible for
3124-788: The deputy leadership, but she did not do so. Gillard had been spoken of as a potential future leader of the party for some years, but never stood in a leadership contest. After Mark Latham resigned as Labor Leader in January 2005, Gillard appeared on ABC 's Australian Story in March 2006, after which an Ipsos Mackay poll conducted for Network Ten 's Meet the Press found that more respondents would prefer Gillard to be Labor Leader; she polled 32% compared with Beazley's 25% and Kevin Rudd's 18%. Although she had significant cross-factional support, she announced on 25 January 2005 that she would not contest
3195-442: The events leading up to Rudd's replacement which cast doubt on Gillard's insistence that she did not actively campaign for the Prime Ministership, Attorney-General Nicola Roxon spoke of Rudd's record in the following terms: "I don't think we should whitewash history – while there are a lot of very good things our government did with Kevin as prime minister, there were also a lot of challenges, and it's Julia who has seen through fixing
3266-571: The former Moira Mackenzie (born 1928); her older sister Alison was born in 1958. Gillard's father was born in Cwmgwrach , but was of predominantly English descent; he worked as a psychiatric nurse. Her mother was born in Barry, and is of distant Scottish and Irish descent; she worked in a Salvation Army nursing home. After Gillard suffered from bronchopneumonia as a child, her parents were advised it would aid her recovery if they were to live in
3337-489: The global financial crisis of 2007–2008 . Government receipts fell during the international downturn and the Rudd government had employed pump priming expenditure. Upon taking over as leader of the Labor Party on 24 June 2010, Gillard said she could "assure" Australians that the Federal Budget would be in surplus in 2013. The Government continued to promise this outcome until December 2012. Gillard initially ruled out
3408-562: The government's handling of the 2007–08 global financial crisis . On 11 December 2007, Gillard was acting prime minister while Rudd attended the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Bali , becoming the first woman ever to hold that position. She assumed these duties for a total of 69 days throughout Rudd's tenure, during his various overseas travel engagements. Gillard quickly became known as
3479-474: The incline. The incline railway system was fundamental to the success and expansion of the mining operation permitting large volumes of ore to be moved from the mining site to the lower terrace for export. It was also a considerable technical achievement. The industrial area also includes the sample shed and paint shed which both apparently housed part of the incline winding gear. The roof of the sample shed includes an unusual arrangement of curving steel struts and
3550-536: The leadership unopposed. Treasurer Wayne Swan was at the same time elected unopposed to succeed Gillard as Deputy Leader. Shortly afterward, Gillard was sworn in as the 27th prime minister of Australia by Governor-General Quentin Bryce , with Swan being sworn in as deputy prime minister. The members of the Rudd Ministry , with the exception of Rudd himself who returned to the backbenches, subsequently became
3621-401: The leadership, allowing Beazley to be elected unopposed. On 1 December 2006, as part of a cross-factional political partnership with Kevin Rudd, Gillard challenged Jenny Macklin for the deputy leadership. After Rudd successfully replaced Beazley as Labor Leader on 4 December 2006, Macklin chose to resign, allowing Gillard to become Deputy Leader unopposed. In the subsequent reshuffle, Gillard
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#17327840481923692-576: The members of the First Gillard Ministry . It was the first time in Australian history that both the head of state as well as the head of government were female. Later that day, in her first press conference as prime minister, Gillard said that at times the Rudd government "went off the tracks", and "[I] came to the view that a good Government was losing its way". Gillard offered wider explanation of her motivations for replacing Rudd during
3763-525: The mining industry on Christmas Island and earlier industrial technology. The incline railway is of particular significance as it was fundamental to the success and expansion of the phosphate mining operation on Christmas Island and therefore the development of the Island community, as well as being an outstanding technical and engineering achievement. [REDACTED] This Misplaced Pages article was originally based on Drumsite Industrial Area , entry number 105339 in
3834-526: The new arrangement. The new agreement was supported by all state premiers and chief ministers and signed on 2 August. In relation to population targets for Australia, Gillard told Fairfax Media in August 2010 that while skilled migration is important: "I don't support the idea of a big Australia ". Gillard also altered the nomenclature of Tony Burke 's role as "Minister for Population" to that of "Minister for Sustainable Population". The Government released
3905-718: The next day, and she announced her retirement from politics. In the years following her retirement, Gillard has been a visiting professor at the University of Adelaide , the Senior Fellow at the Brookings Institution 's Center for Universal Education, the chair of the Global Partnership for Education since 2014 and the chair of Beyond Blue since 2017. She released her memoir, My Story , in September 2014. In April 2021, she became chair of
3976-604: The old army barracks at Pontville , 45 minutes north of Hobart , Tasmania. This immigration detention centre would house up to 400 refugees. Also in April 2011, immigration detainees at the Villawood detention centre rioted in protest of their treatment, setting fire to several buildings. In May 2011, Gillard announced that Australia and Malaysia were finalising an arrangement to exchange asylum seekers. Gillard and Immigration Minister Chris Bowen said they were close to signing
4047-492: The original health funding reforms proposed by the Rudd government, which had been unable to secure the support of all state governments. The revised Gillard government plan proposed that the federal government move towards providing 50% of new health funding (and not 60 per cent as originally agreed) and removed the requirement of the states to cede a proportion of their GST revenue to the Federal Government to fund
4118-415: The repeated assurances by Ms Gillard that she would not stand". Later, ABC's 7:30 Report said the seeds for the challenge to Rudd came from "factional heavyweights" Bill Shorten and Senator David Feeney , who secured the support of "New South Wales right power broker" Mark Arbib and that Feeney and Arbib went to discuss a challenge with Gillard on the morning of 23 June and a final numbers count began for
4189-433: The replacement of Kevin Rudd by Gillard. Midway through the campaign, Gillard offered journalists a self-assessment of her campaign by saying that she had been paying too much attention to advisers in her strategy team, and she wanted to run a less "stage-managed" campaign: I think it's time for me to make sure that the real Julia is well and truly on display, so I'm going to step up and take personal charge of what we do in
4260-538: The report of the Expert Panel on Asylum Seekers, led by retired Air Chief Marshall Angus Houston . Accepting the panel's recommendation, Gillard on 12 August 2012 announced that a bill then before Parliament would be amended to allow the Government to choose sites for off-shore processing. At the same time she announced the Government would nominate the former detention centres on Nauru and Manus Island , Papua New Guinea to be re-opened. The amended bill passed with
4331-407: The right, saying on 23 June: "This party and government will not be lurching to the right on the question of asylum seekers, as some have counselled us to do." Initially, The Sydney Morning Herald reported that the final catalyst for the move on Rudd was sparked by a report that Rudd had used his chief of staff to sound out back benchers on his level of support, thus implying that "he did not trust
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#17327840481924402-404: The rivalry between the two often attracting attention from the media. She was later given additional responsibility for managing opposition business in the House of Representatives by Latham, who had succeeded Beazley as Labor Party leader. In the aftermath of Labor's fourth consecutive defeat in the 2004 federal election it was widely speculated that Gillard might challenge Jenny Macklin for
4473-509: The slogan: "Yes we will move forward together". Labor and the Coalition each won 72 seats in the 150-seat House of Representatives, four short of the requirement for majority government , resulting in the first hung parliament since the 1940 election . Labor suffered an 11-seat swing, even though it won a bare majority of the two-party vote. Both major party leaders sought to form a minority government . Six crossbench MPs held
4544-414: The tragedy, and Labor Party president Anna Bligh called for a complete review of the party's asylum seeker policy. Gillard returned early from holidays in response to the crash, and to review asylum seeker policy. Some months later Gillard would announce "The Malaysia Solution" in response. In April 2011, Australia's federal government confirmed that a detention centre for single men would be built at
4615-451: The wake of the Tampa and Children Overboard affairs , which were partly credited with Labor's 2001 election loss, Gillard developed a new immigration policy for the Labor Party. Gillard was later promoted to the position of Shadow Minister for Health and Deputy Manager of Opposition Business in the House (to Mark Latham ) on 2 July 2003. During this time, she shadowed Tony Abbott , with
4686-420: Was allocated responsibility for Employment, Workplace Relations and Social Inclusion, as well as being made Deputy Leader of the Opposition . After the Labor Party's victory in the 2007 federal election, Gillard was sworn in as the first ever female Deputy Prime Minister of Australia on 3 December 2007. In addition to being appointed to the position of Deputy Prime Minister, Gillard was given responsibility for
4757-433: Was defeated by Lyn Allison of the Australian Democrats . In 1996, Gillard resigned from her position with Slater & Gordon to serve as chief of staff to John Brumby , at that time the Leader of the Opposition in Victoria . She was responsible for drafting the affirmative-action rules within the Labor Party in Victoria that set the target of pre-selecting women for 35 per cent of "winnable seats". She also played
4828-436: Was followed by the introduction of the My School website; launched in January 2010, the website reports on data from NAPLAN and displays information such as school missions, staffing, financial information, its resources and its students' characteristics. As Minister for Employment and Workplace Relations, Gillard removed the WorkChoices industrial relations regime introduced by the Howard government , and replaced it with
4899-470: Was for rail traffic going up, the other for rail cars going down. Motor vehicles could use the strip in between. At Drumsite, loaded rail wagons were attached to a cable while empty wagons at the bottom of the incline were similarly attached. The empty wagons provided some counterbalance to the full wagons, but the essential power and control was supplied by winding gear which wound the cables over drums at Drumsite. Goods and people were also raised and lowered on
4970-401: Was president of the Carlton branch of the Labor Party. She stood for Labor preselection in the Division of Melbourne prior to the 1993 federal election , but was defeated by Lindsay Tanner . At the 1996 federal election , Gillard won the third position on Labor's Senate ticket in Victoria, behind Robert Ray and Barney Cooney . However, on the final distribution of preferences she
5041-401: Was the main means of transport between the cove settlement and the upper terrace until construction of the modern road to Poon Saan from 1958. The incline railway began at Drumsite and terminated near the old power station in the main settlement precinct. The average gradient of the line was 1 in 6.5. The permanent way comprises two standard gauge tracks, with a concrete strip between. One track
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