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37-732: Since 1830, the Emirate of Dubai had a semi-autonomous government led by the Ruler of Dubai , who would delegate responsibilities of managing the affairs of the emirate to representatives in an informal government. Prior to the unification of the United Arab Emirates , Dubai had already started issuing local laws as part of the Trucial States on matters of taxation and trade, allowing the emirate to attract foreign trade and develop its fishing and pearling industry . Following

74-420: A board , committee , or deliberative assembly . The person holding the office, who is typically elected or appointed by members of the group or organisation, presides over meetings of the group, and is required to conduct the group's business in an orderly fashion. In some organizations, the chair is also known as president (or other title). In others, where a board appoints a president (or other title),

111-462: A board of directors , or may have no executive powers, in which case they are mainly a spokesperson for the organization. The power given depends upon the type of organization, its structure, and the rules it has created for itself. If the chair exceeds their authority, engages in misconduct, or fails to perform their duties, they may face disciplinary procedures. Such procedures may include censure , suspension, or removal from office . The rules of

148-546: A free port with no taxation on imports or exports and also gave merchants parcels of land and guarantees of protection and tolerance. These policies saw a movement of merchants not only directly from Lingeh , but also those who had settled in Ras Al Khaimah and Sharjah (which had historical links with Lingeh through the Al Qawasim tribe) to Dubai. An indicator of the growing importance of Dubai can be gained from

185-448: A lead independent director to provide some element of an independent perspective. The role of the chair in a private equity-backed board differs from the role in non-profit or publicly listed organizations in several ways, including the pay, role and what makes an effective private-equity chair. Companies with both an executive chair and a CEO include Ford , HSBC , Alphabet Inc. , and HP . A vice- or deputy chair, subordinate to

222-491: A parliamentary chamber is sometimes called the speaker . Chair has been used to refer to a seat or office of authority since the middle of the 17th century; its earliest citation in the Oxford English Dictionary dates to 1658–1659, four years after the first citation for chairman . Feminist critiques have analysed Chairman as an example of sexist language, associating the male gender with

259-423: A quasi-title gained particular resonance when socialist states from 1917 onward shunned more traditional leadership labels and stressed the collective control of Soviets (councils or committees) by beginning to refer to executive figureheads as "Chairman of the X Committee". Lenin , for example, officially functioned as the head of Soviet Russian government not as prime minister or as president but as "Chairman of

296-455: Is equivalent to the position of président-directeur général in France. Executive chair is an office separate from that of CEO, where the titleholder wields influence over company operations, such as Larry Ellison of Oracle , Douglas Flint of HSBC and Steve Case of AOL Time Warner . In particular, the group chair of HSBC is considered the top position of that institution, outranking

333-591: Is expected to represent Dubai in elegance and demeanor. The current first lady is Sheikha Hind bint Maktoum Al Maktoum , wife of Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum . The position of first lady carries official duties by helping the Sheikh as well as inaugurating various charities. One of the charities that Sheikha Hind is affiliated with is the UAE foodbank—she is the chairperson of the charity. Nonetheless,

370-473: Is made up of various other communities. The inland exclave of Hatta is located about 134 km east of the city of Dubai. The exclave is bordered by Oman to the east and south, the villages of Sayh Mudayrah and Masfout in Ajman to the west, and Ras Al Khaimah to the north. Chairman The chair , also chairman , chairwoman , or chairperson , is the presiding officer of an organized group such as

407-905: The Council of People's Commissars ". At the same time, the head of the state was first called "Chairman of the Central Executive Committee " (until 1938) and then "Chairman of the Presidium of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet ". In Communist China, Mao Zedong was commonly called "Chairman Mao", as he was officially Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party and Chairman of the Central Military Commission . In addition to

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444-652: The Dubai Police Force . The Ruler of Dubai is the absolute monarch of the Emirate of Dubai and has the sole authority to issue decrees establishing governmental departments, issuing and amending laws and is the head of government . The ruler of Dubai has since 2003 designated some responsibility of overseeing the Dubai governmental departments to the Dubai Executive Council which is tasked with supervising governmental departments, preparing

481-617: The Dubai Executive Council has 22 members including the chairman of the council, which has been led by the Crown Prince of Dubai , Sheikh Hamdan bin Mohammed Al Maktoum , since September 2006. The members of the Executive Council include: First Lady of Dubai ( Arabic : سيدة الأولى في دبي ) is the name given to the senior wife and consort to the Ruler of Dubai . The first lady is the chief matriarch and

518-695: The Dubai Executive Council. The Dubai Official Gazette ( Arabic : الجريدة الرسمية transl.  Al-Ǧarīdaẗ al-rasmiyyaẗ ) is the official publication of the Government of Dubai and publishes laws, ordinances and other regulations. Following its formation in 2003, the Dubai Executive Council has become the legislative arm of the Dubai government, enforcing royal decrees issued by the ruler of Dubai into governmental regulations and policies and facilitating intra-governmental communication. Law 3 of 2003 (Law, Law) (in Arabic). 24 February 2003. stipulates

555-431: The administrative or executive duties in organizations, the chair presides over meetings. Such duties at meetings include: While presiding, the chair should remain impartial and not interrupt a speaker if the speaker has the floor and is following the rules of the group. In committees or small boards, the chair votes along with the other members; in assemblies or larger boards, the chair should vote only when it can affect

592-626: The board, such as: Many companies in the US have an executive chair; this method of organization is sometimes called the American model. Having a non-executive chair is common in the UK and Canada; this is sometimes called the British model. Expert opinion is rather evenly divided over which is the preferable model. There is a growing push by public market investors for companies with an executive chair to have

629-536: The chair oversaw the controls of the business through compliance and audit and the direction of the business. Non-executive chair is also a separate post from the CEO; unlike an executive chair, a non-executive chair does not interfere in day-to-day company matters. Across the world, many companies have separated the roles of chair and CEO, saying that this move improves corporate governance. The non-executive chair's duties are typically limited to matters directly related to

666-413: The chair, is sometimes chosen to assist and to serve as chair in the latter's absence, or when a motion involving the chair is being discussed. In the absence of the chair and vice-chair, groups sometimes elect a chair pro tempore to fill the role for a single meeting. In some organizations that have both titles, deputy chair ranks higher than vice-chair, as there are often multiple vice-chairs but only

703-405: The chief executive, and is responsible for leading the board and representing the company in meetings with government figures. Before the creation of the group management board in 2006, HSBC's chair essentially held the duties of a chief executive at an equivalent institution, while HSBC's chief executive served as the deputy. After the 2006 reorganization, the management cadre ran the business, while

740-456: The coterminous city is subdivided into nine numbered sectors. Dubai is divided into 9 sectors of which 1 to 6 are urban and 7 to 9 are rural. In numbers of 2007: 1.511.423 urban, 18.369 rural, 1.529.792 total. The sectors are subdivided into 224 communities . In other sources, the sectors and communities are called districts and subdistricts. The exclave of Hatta is a community in Sector 8. In

777-470: The council to be organised into a chairman of the council who is appointed by royal decree and members of the council, appointed on the advice of the chairman of the council by the ruler of Dubai. Law 3 of 2003 allows any individual to become a member of the council, irrespective of whether they lead a governmental department or entity but requires the heads of 14 departments to be members, such as Dubai Municipality and Dubai Police Force . As of July 2022,

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814-583: The early 19th century, the coastal township of Dubai was located within the territorial lands of the Bani Yas tribe, however Dubai was also on the borderlands near the control of the powerful Al Qasimi clan. This caused both groups to assert authority over the town. In the 19th century, pearls were the main commodity of the region, with buyers from Mumbai , commerce peaked in 1897. In 1901, Maktoum bin Hasher Al Maktoum established Dubai as

851-518: The emirate is the eponymous city, Dubai . The city of Dubai is located on the coast of the Persian Gulf, while the Emirate stretches inland and is bordered to the south by the emirate of Abu Dhabi , to the northeast by the emirate of Sharjah , to the southeast by the country of Oman , to the east by the emirate of Ajman , and to the north by the emirate of Ras Al Khaimah . The emirate and

888-627: The exercise of authority, this has led to the widespread use of the generic "Chairperson". In World Schools Style debating , as of 2009, chairperson or chair refers to the person who controls the debate; it recommends using Madame Chair or Mr. Chairman to address the chair. The FranklinCovey Style Guide for Business and Technical Communication and the American Psychological Association style guide advocate using chair or chairperson . The Oxford Dictionary of American Usage and Style (2000) suggested that

925-573: The first lady attends many official ceremonies and functions of state either along with or in place of the Emir of Dubai . They also organise events and civic programs, and typically get involved in different social causes. Emirate of Dubai The Emirate of Dubai is one of the seven emirates of the United Arab Emirates . It is the most populous emirate of the UAE . The capital of

962-424: The gender-neutral forms were gaining ground; it advocated chair for both men and women. The Daily Telegraph 's style guide bans the use of chair and chairperson ; the newspaper's position, as of 2018, is that "chairman is correct English". The National Association of Parliamentarians adopted a resolution in 1975 discouraging the use of chairperson and rescinded it in 2017. The word chair can refer to

999-495: The movements of the steamer of the Bombay and Persia Steam Navigation Company, which from 1899 to 1901 paid five visits annually to Dubai. In 1902, the company's vessels made 21 visits to Dubai and from 1904 on, the steamers called fortnightly – in 1906, trading 70,000 tonnes of cargo. The frequency of these vessels helped to accelerate Dubai's role as an emerging port and trading hub of preference. British historian John Lorimer noted

1036-417: The organization would provide details on who can perform these disciplinary procedures. Usually, whoever appointed or elected the chair has the power to discipline them. There are three common types of chair in public corporations. The chief executive officer (CEO) may also hold the title of chair, in which case the board frequently names an independent member of the board as a lead director. This position

1073-403: The place from which the holder of the office presides, whether on a chair, at a lectern, or elsewhere. During meetings, the person presiding is said to be "in the chair" and is also referred to as "the chair". Parliamentary procedure requires that members address the "chair" as "Mr. (or Madam) Chairman (or Chair or Chairperson)" rather than using a name – one of many customs intended to maintain

1110-433: The presiding officer's impartiality and to ensure an objective and impersonal approach. In the British music hall tradition, the chairman was the master of ceremonies who announced the performances and was responsible for controlling any rowdy elements in the audience. The role was popularised on British TV in the 1960s and 1970s by Leonard Sachs , the chairman on the variety show The Good Old Days . "Chairman" as

1147-403: The result. At a meeting, the chair only has one vote (i.e. the chair cannot vote twice and cannot override the decision of the group unless the organization has specifically given the chair such authority). The powers of the chair vary widely across organizations. In some organizations they have the authority to hire staff and make financial decisions. In others they only make recommendations to

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1184-512: The transfer of merchants from Lingeh "bids fair to become complete and permanent", and also that the town had by 1906 supplanted Lingeh as the chief entrepôt of the Trucial States. By 1908, Dubai was home to a population of some 10,000 people. By the 1930s and 1940s, the pearl business crashed due to cultured pearls from Japan. The economy crashed which triggered a famine. Hopes were reignited when in 1937, an oil exploration contract

1221-425: The two terms are used for distinct positions. The term chairman may be used in a neutral manner, not directly implying the gender of the holder. In meetings or conferences, to "chair" something (chairing) means to lead the event. Terms for the office and its holder include chair , chairperson , chairman , chairwoman , convenor , facilitator , moderator , president , and presiding officer . The chair of

1258-431: The unification of the United Arab Emirates and the establishment of the federal government of the UAE in 1971, the Emirate of Dubai maintained autonomy for various domestic affairs including education, transportation, economic affairs, and security with its own police force unlike other northern emirates that relied on federal ministries. On February 24, 2003, Law 3 of 2003 (Law, Law) (in Arabic). 24 February 2003.

1295-410: The yearly budget, issuing certain executive decrees, and reporting to the ruler of Dubai on a regular basis. Dubai government departments or agencies are formed by royal decree , such as the decree to form the Dubai Police Force in 1956 and then generally added to the responsibilities of the Dubai Executive Council. In 2022, the Dubai government has 58 governmental departments under the supervision of

1332-420: Was issued by the ruler of Dubai establishing the Dubai Executive Council as a legislative council to support the ruler of Dubai in his duties and exercising some of his responsibilities, with the head of the council and the deputies to be appointed by the ruler and the remaining seats to be distributed to other members, usually heads of major Dubai government departments such as the heads of Dubai Municipality and

1369-526: Was signed which guaranteed royalty rights for Dubai and concessionary payments to Sheikh Saeed bin Maktoum . However, due to World War II , oil would not be struck until 1966 at the Fateh oil field . In December 1971, the emirates united to form the United Arab Emirates , thus ending their status as British Protectorates. The ruler of the emirate is Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum . The emirate

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