Misplaced Pages

#859140

56-587: Since 2008 the village is the site of a Trail of the Whispering Giants sculpture, the first of Peter Wolf Toth 's sculptures located in Europe. It is located along the Danube River . 47°15′N 19°04′E  /  47.250°N 19.067°E  / 47.250; 19.067 This Pest County location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Trail of

112-719: A Whispering Giant , Toth confers with local Native American tribes and local lawmakers. The sculpture that is created is a composite of all the physical characteristics, especially facial features, of the local tribe or tribes, as well as their stories and histories. Toth dismisses the notion that the Whispering Giant sculptures are totem poles or represent Native American art, and has further stated that it would be inappropriate to carve totems because they were traditionally carved by Northwestern Indian tribes and had religious significance, where his carvings are intended as sculptures of Native American people. "I don't know

168-413: A census of the settlement, built up the fort, and renamed it Fort Sackville . The population grew quickly in the years that followed, resulting in a unique culture of interdependent Native Americans , Canadien settlers and British traders. Vincennes was far from centers of British power. In 1770 and 1772, Thomas Gage , the commander in chief of Britain's North American forces, received warnings that

224-809: A large, armed party, whether over land or via the Wabash River. On September 30, 1790, Major Hamtramck led 350 men from Vincennes as far north as the Vermillion River , to engage some of the Indian villages which had been at war with Vincennes. The Kickapoo tracked the party, however, and evacuated every village along the way before the Americans arrived. Hamtramck destroyed some abandoned villages, but he did not engage any war parties. Faced with desertions from Kentucky militia, Hamtramck returned to Vincennes. The expedition had done no serious harm to

280-617: A mounted Kentucky militia across the Ohio River and destroyed a friendly Piankeshaw town near Vincennes. This led to a series of attacks and counter-attacks between Wabash Indians and American settlers. Finally, on July 15, 1786, the Wabash landed in forty-seven war canoes at Vincennes to drive the Americans back to Kentucky. The Indians warned the Canadians in advance of their attack and assured them that they would not be harmed, but

336-600: A son of the great Tecumseh , were in the company." Those who were pro-slavery tried to perform an end run around the Indiana constitution by putting in place indentured servitude under which slaves, in theory, appeared to be able earn their freedom. However, the terms often placed on indentured servants were so excessive, many never actually never were able to achieve freedom. —Rebecca R. Bibbs, It took two Supreme Court cases to end slavery in Indiana Slavery

392-527: A thing about carving totem poles, never made one nor expect to. My monument depicts an Indian, not copies of Indian art." Currently Peter Toth resides in Edgewater , Florida , where he has a small studio where he carves small wooden statues to raise money to create more Whispering Giants . He travels around America to repair Whispering Giants he carved in the past that have not been kept up, as well as to carve new ones. The latest Whispering Giant carved

448-407: Is a city in, and the county seat of, Knox County, Indiana , United States. It is located on the lower Wabash River in the southwestern part of the state, nearly halfway between Evansville and Terre Haute . It was founded in 1732 by French fur traders , including the namesake François-Marie Bissot, Sieur de Vincennes . It is the oldest continually inhabited European settlement in Indiana and

504-508: Is not known, but because the Buffalo Trace crosses the Wabash at Vincennes, many believe it was here. The post was a success; in the first two years, the traders collected over 13,000 buffalo hides. When Juchereau died, the post was abandoned. The French-Canadian settlers left what they considered hostile territory for Mobile (in present-day Alabama), then the capital of Louisiana . The oldest European town in Indiana, Vincennes

560-482: The Buffalo Trace . The militia spent ten days in Vincennes before marching north along the Wabash, but men deserted by the hundreds. Clark was soon forced to return to Vincennes without any action taken. Clark left 150 men to help defend Vincennes, but this force soon turned into a lawless mob, and the citizens of Vincennes petitioned Congress for help. Secretary of War Henry Knox sent Colonel Josiah Harmar and

616-487: The First American Regiment to restore order. The Kentucky militia fled Vincennes at the approach of U.S. Regulars . Colonel Harmar left 100 regulars under Major Jean François Hamtramck and directed them to build a fort, Fort Knox . Vincennes remained an isolated town, difficult to supply due to its position deep within Indian territory. Secure transport to and from Vincennes meant travelling with

SECTION 10

#1732794000860

672-847: The French and Indian War (part of the Seven Years' War ), and as result ceded territory east of the Mississippi River , including Vincennes, to the victorious British . Once the area was under British control, it was associated with the Province of Quebec until after the Revolutionary War . It then became part of the Illinois County of the Colony and Dominion of Virginia . Next it became part of Knox County in

728-519: The Miami tribe , persuaded the Piankeshaw to establish a village at his trading post. He also encouraged Canadien settlers to move there, and started his own family to increase the village population. Because the Wabash post was so remote, however, Vincennes had a hard time getting trade supplies from Louisiana for the native nations, who were also being courted by English traders. The boundary between

784-763: The Northwest Territory , and it was later included in the Indiana Territory . Vincennes served as capital of the Indiana Territory from 1800 until 1813, when the government was moved to Corydon . The first trading post on the Wabash River was established by Sieur Juchereau, Lieutenant General of Montréal . With thirty-four Canadiens , he founded the company post on October 28, 1702, to trade for Buffalo hides with American Indians . The exact location of Juchereau's trading post

840-496: The census of 2010, there were 18,423 people, 7,407 households, and 4,108 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,486.2 inhabitants per square mile (959.9/km ). There were 8,259 housing units at an average density of 1,114.6 per square mile (430.3/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 91.9% White , 4.7% African American , 0.3% Native American , 0.7% Asian , 0.7% from other races , and 1.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.9% of

896-655: The American revolutionaries, as did the local Piankeshaw , led by Chief Young Tobacco . Lieutenant Colonel George R. Clark , Captain Leonard Helm, and others created a plan to capture the French forts that the British occupied after Louisiana was ceded. After Kaskaskia was captured by Clark, Lieutenant Governor Henry Hamilton sent British soldiers and reinforcements from Detroit to Fort Vincennes and helped to rebuild

952-526: The Canadians warned the Americans. They quickly supplied Fort Patrick Henry and waited out the siege . One American was killed and four wounded, and the war party left after destroying the Americans' farms. In response, Virginia governor Patrick Henry authorized George Rogers Clark to raise the Kentucky militia and mount an expedition against the warring tribes. General Clark gathered a force of 1,000 militia and departed Clarksville September 9, 1786, along

1008-677: The Canadiens. This competition escalated in the Ohio Country until 1754 and the eruption of the French and Indian War (the North American theater of the Seven Years' War between Britain and France.) On February 10, 1763, when New France was ceded to the British at the conclusion of the French and Indian War , Vincennes fell under the authority of Great Britain. British officer John Ramsey came to Vincennes in 1766. He took

1064-455: The French colonies of Louisiana and Canada, although inexact in the first years of the settlement, was decreed in 1745 to run between Fort Ouiatenon (below the site of modern-day Lafayette, Indiana ) and Vincennes. In 1736, during the French war with the Chickasaw nation, Vincennes was captured and burned at the stake near the present-day town of Fulton, Mississippi . His settlement on

1120-606: The Inhabitants and settlers at Vincennes and the Illinois country, in the territory northwest of the Ohio, and for confirming them in their possessions (1791) . By 1798, the population had reached 2,500. Vincennes was no longer considered a trading outpost, but a thriving city. Elihu Stout published the first newspaper in the Indiana Territory in 1804 at Vincennes. The Indiana Gazette debuted on July 31, 1804. Fire destroyed

1176-692: The King of France] granted us." The issue was resolved by Hillsborough's successor, Lord Dartmouth , who insisted to Gage that the residents were not lawless vagabonds, but British subjects whose rights were protected by the Crown. Gage took no action against the residents of Vincennes. In 1778, residents at Poste Vincennes received word of the French alliance with the American Second Continental Congress from Father Pierre Gibault and Dr. Jean Laffont. They mobilized in support of

SECTION 20

#1732794000860

1232-593: The Sugar Loaf Mound and the Pyramid Mound . In historic times, prominent local Indian groups who drove these people out were the Shawnee , Wabash , and the Miami tribe . The first European settlers were French, when Vincennes was founded as part of the French colony of Illinois Country , New France. Later on, it would be transferred to the colony of Louisiana . Several years later, France lost

1288-790: The United States Supreme Court invalidated the deeds. The claims based on French sovereignty or individual deeds issued under it were eventually rejected by congress, because if there were such grants, they passed to the United States by the Treaty of Paris 1783. By right of conquest, George Rogers Clark secured this land for the United States in 1779 and the Land Act of 1796 honored its boundaries. The Vincennes Donation Lands were embodied in An Act for granting lands to

1344-612: The WEB site Peter Wolf Toth which has the most current information on the Whispering Giants and messages from the artist himself. The 74 Whispering Giants range from 15 to 40 feet (4.6 to 12.2 m) in height, and all resemble natives of the region in which they are located. Toth always donates the Whispering Giant he creates to the town he carved it in, and never charges a fee for his time. He does require that

1400-426: The Wabash was renamed Poste Vincennes in his honor. Louisiana governor Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville , next appointed Louis Groston de Saint-Ange de Bellerive to command Poste Vincennes. As the French colonists pushed north from Louisiana and south from Canada, however, the American colonists to the east continued to push west. In addition, British traders lured away many of Indians who had traded with

1456-705: The Whispering Giants The Trail of the Whispering Giants is a collection of sculptures by Hungarian-born artist Peter Wolf Toth . The sculptures range in height from 20 to 40 feet (6.1 to 12.2 m), and are between 8 and 10 feet (2.4 and 3.0 m) in diameter. In 2009, there were 74 Whispering Giants , with at least one in each of the 50 U.S. states , as well as in Ontario and Manitoba , Canada , and one in Hungary . One in Oregon

1512-441: The Whispering Giants is an ongoing project and much of the material here especially the chart below is out of date and too extensive to edit fully this article. A traveler, David Schumaker, went on a quest to identify all the Whispering Giant statues and has documented 57 existing statues and identified 12 that are now missing or destroyed since Peter Wolf Toth began this project in 1972. Schumaker has documented his information on

1568-404: The average family size was 2.85. In the city, the population was spread out, with 20.0% under the age of 18, 20.5% from 18 to 24, 24.0% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 15.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.3 males. The median income for a household in the city

1624-455: The city from north to south, and U.S. Route 50 passes just to the north of the city from east to west. According to the 2010 census, Vincennes has a total area of 7.478 square miles (19.37 km ), of which 7.41 square miles (19.19 km ) (or 99.09%) is land and 0.068 square miles (0.18 km ) (or 0.91%) is water. Vincennes has a humid subtropical climate with hot summers and cool winters with heavy rainfall at times throughout much of

1680-415: The city. It features the signature V, four fleurs-de-lis , symbolizing the city's French heritage, its existence in four centuries: 18th, 19th, 20th, and 21st, since the city's establishment in 1732. Similar in appearance to the flag of Indianapolis , Vincennes' flag is more squared in appearance and has a diamond center rather than a circle. It represents the layout of Vincennes. White stripes radiating from

1736-431: The city. The population density was 2,620.3 inhabitants per square mile (1,011.7/km ). There were 8,574 housing units at an average density of 1,201.4 per square mile (463.9/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 94.34% White , 3.28% African American , 0.25% Native American , 0.72% Asian , 0.06% Pacific Islander , 0.48% from other races , and 0.88% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.02% of

Délegyháza - Misplaced Pages Continue

1792-616: The course of the Wabash River at Vincennes. The tract was ceded by France to Britain by treaty in 1763 after the French and Indian War. On October 18, 1775, an agent for the Wabash Company purchased two tracts of land along the Wabash River from the Piankeshaw tribe called the 'Plankashaw Deed'. In these deeds, the Vincennes Tract was excepted, and it was the first recognition of the tract in period documents. Eventually,

1848-431: The diamond represent Vincennes' part in the settlement of the frontier, as it was at the crossroads of several great pioneer trails. Vincennes is located on the banks of the Wabash River at the western edge of Knox County. This is also the western edge of the state of Indiana, and Illinois is across the river to the west. The city lies about 100 miles (160 km) southwest of Indianapolis . U.S. Route 41 passes through

1904-540: The end of forced labor in Indiana. On November 4, 2007, Knox County joined Daviess , Martin , Pike , and Dubois counties in returning to the Eastern Time zone . Controversy concerning time in Indiana has caused a change in the time zone of Vincennes on three different occasions since the Standard Time Act of 1918 . This flag for the city of Vincennes, Indiana, albeit unofficial, is used around

1960-483: The enemies of Vincennes, but it distracted some of the Wabash villages while Josiah Harmar, now a General, led a much larger expedition up through Ohio country towards Kekionga . The earliest land claims by inhabitants of Vincennes were based on a sale by the Indians to the French in 1742 of a tract of land containing 1.6 million acres, known as the Vincennes Tract. It was a rectangular block lying at right angles to

2016-601: The flood waters that were high during this time. The Patriots won the Battle of Vincennes on February 23–24, 1779. Hamilton thought of Vincennes as "a refuge for debtors and Vagabonds from Canada." George Rogers Clark recaptured Fort Sackville in the Battle of Vincennes without losing a single soldier. Although the Americans remained in control of Vincennes, it took years to establish peace. In 1786, Captain John Hardin led

2072-581: The fort. The Italian merchant and Patriot Francis Vigo found Clark and informed the British presence at the fort. Vigo served with the Patriots, ordered war supplies from the Spanish to help, and acted as a secret agent for the Patriots. Clark rounded up enough men to outnumber the British and planned a surprise attack on Fort Vincennes in the heart of winter, a horrible time when no armies were expected to be able to attack due to illness, lack of food, and

2128-419: The other two are elected at large. The mayor is elected in a citywide vote. The Revolutionary War battle at Vincennes was featured in the 1901 novel Alice of Old Vincennes by Maurice Thompson . Four ships have also been named USS  Vincennes in honor of this battle; as well as for the city. The first Vincennes was an 18-gun sloop-of-war commissioned in 1826 and sold in 1867. The second Vincennes

2184-442: The population. There were 7,407 households, of which 26.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.8% were married couples living together, 14.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 44.5% were non-families. 36.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size

2240-409: The population. There were 7,614 households, out of which 26.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.8% were married couples living together, 12.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.1% were non-families. 35.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and

2296-555: The printing presses in 1806, but Stout revived the newspaper as the Western Sun in 1807. Vincennes served as the first capital of Indiana Territory until it was moved to Corydon on May 1, 1813. In 1826, "A party of Shawnee Indians ... in men, women, and children, to 500, passed through this place [Vincennes] ... from their reservation at Wapaghkonetta , moving to the Mississippi . The celebrated Indian prophet , and

Délegyháza - Misplaced Pages Continue

2352-404: The raw materials (a large log between 8 and 10 feet (2.4 and 3.0 m) in diameter) be provided, as well as lodging and living expenses. The carvings have been appraised at a quarter of a million dollars each. Toth uses a hammer and a chisel as the basic tools to create the Whispering Giants , but on occasion will use a mallet and an axe , or rarely power tools. Before starting work on

2408-491: The residents of Vincennes were agitating against the Crown , and were inciting native tribes along the river trade routes to attack British traders. The Colonial Secretary , the Earl of Hillsborough , ordered the residents to be removed from Vincennes in response. Gage demurred while the residents responded to the charges against them, claiming to be "peaceful settlers, cultivating the land which His Most Christian Majesty [meaning

2464-622: The state. In 1816, the Constitution of Indiana made forced labor illegal, stating that "there shall be neither slavery nor involuntary servitude in this state." Polly Strong , an enslaved woman of Vincennes, was the plaintiff in a case that argued that she should be free. After losing in the Harrison County Circuit Court, she won the case at the Indiana Supreme Court on July 22, 1820, and she

2520-1335: The statues as "ridiculous, offensive" and "lame-brained". Houston-Love Memorial Library Route 5, Lake Shore Drive West Museum Center at 5ive Points A. C. Freeman House , 311 West Retta Esplanade Potter Park Zoo off IL-29 atop the hill going into Hopewell Davidson Park Greenfield Park Mount Trashmore City Park South Second Street & Baltimore Avenue Charles Towne Landing Forest Park Information Center 8, Highway 61 East Carnegie Library Doniphan County Courthouse Beavers Bend State Park Forest Heritage Center 2033 Waterdale Drive, Rock Ridge Ranch Red Lodge Library Winslow Visitor Center Lincoln Indian Center Washakie County Courthouse North Tourist Park, Lincoln Road and North Yellowstone Highway Anderson Park Stage Stop, 601 6th Avenue Southeast Prince William Sound College Sprague Memorial Park Seminole Indian tribe trading post Tourist Information Center, Route 3, Exit 5 Battery Park Opechee Park Forest Park Bob Noble Park Fairlawn Elementary School City Park Idlewild Park Southeast of Hwy 70 Metro-Kiwanis Park Shute Park Youngs Bay Bridge 59-254 Kamehameha Highway , between Sunset Beach and Sunset Beach Elementary School Dock on Sunday Lake Vincennes, Indiana Vincennes

2576-417: The year. There are an average of 53.1 days with highs of 90 °F (32 °C) or higher and an average of 101.5 days with lows of 32 °F (0 °C) or lower. Average January temperatures are a high of 36.3 °F (2.4 °C) and a low of 18.3 °F (−7.6 °C). Average July temperatures are a high of 87.7 °F (30.9 °C) and a low of 64.8 °F (18.2 °C). The record high temperature

2632-434: Was $ 26,289, and the median income for a family was $ 35,424. Males had a median income of $ 27,029 versus $ 20,254 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 14,993. About 15.0% of families and 20.7% of the population were below the poverty line , including 25.9% of those under age 18 and 12.7% of those age 65 or over. The city government consists of a seven-member city council. Five of whom are elected from districts

2688-418: Was 104 °F (40 °C) on June 26, 1988. The record low temperature was −26 °F (−32 °C) on January 19, 1994. Average annual precipitation is 44.43 inches (112.9 cm). Measurable precipitation occurs on an average of 105.6 days each year. The wettest year was 1990 with 60.08 inches (152.6 cm) and the dryest year was 1988 with 36.02 inches (91.5 cm). The most precipitation in one month

2744-550: Was 11.18 inches (28.4 cm) in November 1985. The most precipitation in 24 hours was 5.07 inches (12.9 cm). Average annual snowfall is 5.8 inches (15 cm). Measurable snowfall occurs on only 2.6 days. The snowiest season was 1989–90 when 16.4 inches (42 cm) fell. The most snow in one month was 8.5 inches (22 cm) in December 1990. The most snow in 24 hours was 8.0 inches (20 cm) on March 24, 1990. As of

2800-436: Was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.83. The median age in the city was 33 years. 19.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 20.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.4% were from 25 to 44; 23.6% were from 45 to 64; and 15% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.3% male and 49.7% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 18,701 people, 7,614 households, and 4,332 families residing in

2856-506: Was freed. In the case of Clark's attorney appealed the decision with the Indiana Supreme Court in the case of Mary Clark v. G.W. Johnston was a former slave who was made an indentured servant and lived in Vincennes. She won her freedom on November 6, 1821, when the Indiana Supreme Court ruled that servitude violated the state's 1816 Constitution. This was a landmark contract law case for indentured servants and foretold

SECTION 50

#1732794000860

2912-538: Was in Vincennes , Indiana , in 2009 out of Black Oak , but there are still eight more statues planned to be built. While Toth intends for his sculptures to be a tribute to Native Americans that honors the injustices Native Americans have experienced, some critics view the statues as inauthentic and being based on caricatures and stereotypes of Native Americans. The statues are seen by some critics as anachronistic or racist. The columnist Maurice Switzer has condemned

2968-533: Was its longest serving territorial capital. It is one of the oldest settlements west of the Appalachians . The population was 16,759 at the 2020 census . The vicinity of Vincennes was inhabited for thousands of years by different cultures of indigenous peoples . During the Late Woodland period , some of these peoples used local loess hills as burial sites; some of the more prominent examples are

3024-577: Was officially established in 1732 as a second French fur trading post in this area. The Compagnie des Indes commissioned a French officer, François-Marie Bissot, Sieur de Vincennes , to build a post along the Wabash River to discourage local nations from trading with the English. Vincennes founded the new trading post near the meeting points of the Wabash and White rivers, and the overland Buffalo Trace . Vincennes, who had lived with his father among

3080-497: Was practiced in the 16th century, when the present-day state of Indiana was part of New France (1534–1763), by the French and Native Americans. When the area became part of the Northwest Territory , slavery was banned by the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, but slavery and indentured servitude continued. Slaveholders created a "loophole", that the provision did not apply to African Americans who were already enslaved in

3136-549: Was removed in 2017 after irreparable windstorm damage, reducing the total to 73. In 1988, Toth completed his goal of placing at least one statue in each of the 50 states, by carving one in Hawaii , and in 2008, he created his first Whispering Giant in Europe, Stephen I of Hungary in Délegyháza , Hungary along the Danube River . In 2009, eight more Whispering Giants were planned. (Update February 2, 2015) The Trail of

#859140