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Emerson Cavitation Tunnel

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73-453: The Emerson Cavitation Tunnel is a propeller testing facility that is part of the School of Engineering at Newcastle University . The Emerson Cavitation Tunnel consists of a water circuit which flows in the vertical plane, within which propellers and other propulsion devices can be tested. The system is powered by a 300 kW (400 hp) pump, with a four-bladed impeller and can produce

146-536: A 3 Watt, water-cooled, Argon -ion laser, a hydrophone, and two dynamometers . A high-speed video camera is also attached with an imaging frequency of 1–10,000 frames per second. Funding for the tunnel's equipment is raised by numerous organisations, including the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) and the Scottish Universities of Glasgow and Strathclyde . The tunnel

219-687: A bookseller in the city and benefactor to the library. The Walton Library specialises in services for the Faculty of Medical Sciences in the Medical School. It is named after Lord Walton of Detchant , former Dean of the Faculty of Medicine and Professor of Neurology. The library has a relationship with the Northern region of the NHS allowing their staff to use the library for research and study. The Law Library specialises in resources relating to law, and

292-532: A college of science established, in partnership with Durham, in 1871. Reading was established as an extension college by the University of Oxford in 1892, incorporating pre-existing schools of art and science, while Nottingham was established as a civic college in 1881 and students were awarded degrees by the University of London until it received its Royal Charter in 1948. Combined English Universities

365-451: A maximum water velocity of 15.5 knots (28.7 km/h; 17.8 mph). The test area has a cross sectional area of 0.99 m (10.7 sq ft) allowing model propellers of up to 30 cm (12 in) in diameter to be tested. The pressure range of the tunnel can vary from a minimum of 7.6 kN/m to a maximum of 106 kN/m. Cavitation numbers of 0.5 (minimum) to 23 (maximum) can be accommodated for. Measurements can be taken using

438-405: A network of schools, undertakes work activities of discovery of languages for the 9 to 13 years pupils. This implies having festivals, Q&A sessions, language tasters, or quizzes organised, as well as a web learning work aiming at constructing a web portal to link language learners across the region. Newcastle Law School is the longest established law school in the north-east of England when law

511-494: A place for the teaching of sciences in the city were finally met with the foundation of the College of Physical Science in 1871. The college offered instruction in mathematics, physics, chemistry and geology to meet the growing needs of the mining industry, becoming the "Durham College of Physical Science" in 1883 and then renamed after William George Armstrong as Armstrong College in 1904. Both of these institutions were part of

584-611: A series of public lectures called 'Insights' each year in the Curtis Auditorium in the Herschel Building. Many of the university's partnerships with companies, like Red Hat , are housed in the Herschel Annex. The university describes itself as a civic university, with a role to play in society by bringing its research to bear on issues faced by communities (local, national or international). In 2012,

657-489: A wide range of subject areas spanning arts, sciences, engineering and medicine, together with approximately 340 postgraduate taught and research programmes across a range of disciplines. The annual income of the institution for 2022–23 was £592.4 million of which £119.3 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £558 million. The establishment of a university in Newcastle upon Tyne

730-547: Is a red brick university and a member of the Russell Group , an association of research-intensive UK universities. The university finds its roots in the School of Medicine and Surgery (later the College of Medicine), established in 1834, and the College of Physical Science (later renamed Armstrong College), founded in 1871. These two colleges came to form the larger division of the federal University of Durham , with

803-587: Is also a part of the Great North Museum project, and remains within the Fine Art Building. The university is a member of the Russell Group of the UK's research-intensive universities. It is ranked in the top 200 of most world rankings, and in the top 40 of most UK rankings. As of 2023, it is ranked 110th globally by QS, 292nd by Leiden , 139th by Times Higher Education and 201st–300th by

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876-573: Is also collected with the help of laser doppler anemometry (LDA) and phase doppler anemometry (PDA). The tunnel is now located at Newcastle University's Marine Campus at Blyth, Northumberland. Newcastle University Newcastle University (legally the University of Newcastle upon Tyne ) is a public research university based in Newcastle upon Tyne , North East England . It has overseas campuses in Singapore and Malaysia. The university

949-660: Is currently headed by the Sir David Dale Chair. Among the eminent economists having served in the Department (both as holders of the Sir David Dale Chair) are Harry Mainwaring Hallsworth and Stanley Dennison . Like its peers in the north of England, such as the business schools of University of Bradford and Manchester Metropolitan University , Newcastle University Business School is a triple accredited business school, with accreditation by

1022-483: Is led by a Provost/Pro-vice-chancellor and a team of Deans with specific responsibilities. The university also has research institutes based within each faculty. As early as the 1900/1 academic year, there was teaching in economics ( political economy , as it was then known) at Newcastle, making Economics the oldest department in what would only much later become the Business School. The Economics Department

1095-517: Is the British poet and artist Imtiaz Dharker . She assumed the position of Chancellor on 1 January 2020. The vice-chancellor is Chris Day , a hepatologist and former pro-vice-chancellor of the Faculty of Medical Sciences. The university has an enrolment of some 16,000 undergraduate and 5,600 postgraduate students. Teaching and research are delivered in 19 academic schools, 13 research institutes and 38 research centres, spread across three Faculties:

1168-728: The Academic Ranking of World Universities . Nationally, it is ranked joint 33rd by the Times/Sunday Times Good University Guide, 30th by the Complete University Guide and joint 63rd by the Guardian. Red brick university A red brick university (or redbrick university ) was originally one of the nine civic universities founded in the major industrial cities of England in the 19th century. However, with

1241-535: The Durham Colleges forming the other. The Newcastle colleges merged to form King's College in 1937. In 1963, following an Act of Parliament, King's College became the University of Newcastle upon Tyne. The university subdivides into three faculties: the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences; the Faculty of Medical Sciences; and the Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering. The university offers around 175 full-time undergraduate degree programmes in

1314-475: The Humboldt University of Berlin , which emphasised practical knowledge over the academic sort. This distinguished the red brick universities from the ancient English universities of Oxford and Cambridge and from the newer (although still pre-Victorian) University of Durham , collegiate institutions which concentrated on divinity and the liberal arts, and imposed religious tests (e.g. assent to

1387-568: The Thirty-Nine Articles ) on staff and students. Scotland's ancient universities ( St Andrews , Glasgow , Aberdeen and Edinburgh ) were founded on a different basis between 1400 and 1600. The first wave of large civic red brick universities all gained official university status before the First World War: all of these institutions have origins dating back to older medical or engineering colleges, and were located in

1460-624: The University of Dundee (originally an independent university college, before becoming a constituent college of the University of St Andrews), Newcastle University (previously a college of the University of Durham, and noted by Truscot as "perhaps" being included), and the Welsh university colleges (not named, but could include Aberystwyth (1872), Cardiff (1883), Bangor (1885) and Swansea (1920)). Notably, Whyte does not include Reading or Nottingham, which Truscot lists in his second edition. Many other institutions share similar characteristics to

1533-518: The University of Oxford and the only university to receive its charter between the two world wars, describes itself as a "red brick" university. Queen's University Belfast gained university status in 1908 during the same period as the English red brick universities, having previously been established in 1845 as a college of the Queen's University of Ireland (later Royal University of Ireland ). As

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1606-682: The creation of Newcastle University itself, as in 1911 Armstrong College in Newcastle installed Albert George Latham , its first professor of modern languages. The School of Modern Languages at Newcastle is the lead institution in the North East Routes into Languages Consortium and, together with the Durham University , Northumbria University , the University of Sunderland , the Teesside University and

1679-653: The "Durham University College of Medicine" with the Reader in Medicine becoming the Professor of Medicine, the college gaining a representative on the university's senate, and residence at the college henceforth counting as residence in the university towards degrees in medicine and surgery, removing the need for students to spend a period of residence in Durham before they could receive the higher degrees. Attempts to realise

1752-575: The 1960s proliferation of plate glass universities and the reclassification of polytechnics in the Further and Higher Education Act 1992 as post-1992 universities , all British universities founded in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in major cities are now sometimes referred to as "red brick". Six of the original redbrick institutions, or their predecessor institutes, gained university status before World War I and were initially established as civic science or engineering colleges. Eight of

1825-682: The Alumni Lecture Theatre and seminar rooms as well as the Law Library are all located within the School buildings. The School of Computing was ranked in the Times Higher Education world Top 100. Research areas include Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and ubiquitous computing, secure and resilient systems, synthetic biology, scalable computing (high performance systems, data science, machine learning and data visualization), and advanced modelling. The school led

1898-415: The Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences; the Faculty of Medical Sciences; and the Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering. The university offers around 175 full-time undergraduate degree programmes in a wide range of subject areas spanning arts, sciences, engineering and medicine, together with approximately 340 postgraduate taught and research programmes across a range of disciplines. It holds

1971-906: The Great Hall, King's Hall. During the First World War , the building was requisitioned by the War Office to create the first Northern General Hospital, a facility for the Royal Army Medical Corps to treat military casualties. Graduation photographs are often taken in the University Quadrangle, next to the Armstrong building. In 1949 the Quadrangle was turned into a formal garden in memory of members of Newcastle University who gave their lives in

2044-684: The Hadrian awards and the RICS Building of the Year Award 2004. The university won a Green Gown award for its construction. Plans for additions and improvements to the campus were made public in March 2008 and completed in 2010 at a cost of £200 million. They included a redevelopment of the south-east (Haymarket) façade with a five-storey King's Gate administration building as well as new student accommodation. Two additional buildings for

2117-597: The Hall of the Company of Barber Surgeons to accommodate the growing number of students, and the School of Medicine and Surgery was formally established on 1 October 1834. On 25 June 1851, following a dispute among the teaching staff, the school was formally dissolved and the lecturers split into two rival institutions. The majority formed the Newcastle College of Medicine, and the others established themselves as

2190-736: The Marjorie Robinson Library Rooms offers additional study spaces and computers. Together, these house over one million books and 500,000 electronic resources. Some schools within the university, such as the School of Modern Languages, also have their own smaller libraries with smaller highly specialised collections. In addition to the city centre campus there are buildings such as the Dove Marine Laboratory located on Cullercoats Bay, and Cockle Park Farm in Northumberland . In September 2008,

2263-629: The Newcastle upon Tyne College of Medicine and Practical Science with competing lecture courses. In July 1851 the majority college was recognised by the Society of Apothecaries and in October by the Royal College of Surgeons of England and in January 1852 was approved by the University of London to submit its students for London medical degree examinations. Later in 1852, the majority college

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2336-539: The Second World War (with the exception of Reading) rather than before the First World War. The Robbins Report lists University of Reading , University of Southampton , University of Hull , University of Exeter , University of Leicester and Keele University as being "younger civic universities". Of these, the University of Reading , founded in the late 19th century as an extension college of

2409-790: The UK. In 2008 the Medical School announced that they were expanding their campus to Malaysia . The Royal Victoria Infirmary has always had close links with the Faculty of Medical Sciences as a major teaching hospital. The School of Modern Languages consists of five sections: East Asian (which includes Japanese and Chinese); French; German; Spanish, Portuguese & Latin American Studies; and Translating & Interpreting Studies. Six languages are taught from beginner's level to full degree level ‒ Chinese, Japanese, French, German, Spanish and Portuguese ‒ and beginner's courses in Catalan, Dutch, Italian and Quechua are also available. Beyond

2482-586: The University of Durham, which became a federal university under the Durham University Act 1908 with two divisions in Durham and Newcastle. By 1908, the Newcastle division was teaching a full range of subjects in the Faculties of Medicine, Arts, and Science, which also included agriculture and engineering. Throughout the early 20th century, the medical and science colleges outpaced the growth of their Durham counterparts. Following tensions between

2555-422: The University of Liverpool with a University College in 1881, and the University of Sheffield with a medical school in 1828, Firth College in 1879 and a technical school in 1884, which merged to form a university college in 1897. Of the redbricks that gained independent university status later, Newcastle owed its beginnings to a medical school established in 1834 and affiliated to Durham University from 1852, and

2628-403: The apprenticeship system (a fourth surgeon, Duncan McAllum, is mentioned by some sources among the founders, but was not included in the prospectus). The first session started on 1 October 1832 with eight or nine students, including John Snow , then apprenticed to a local surgeon-apothecary, the opening lecture being delivered by John Fife. In 1834 the lectures and practical demonstrations moved to

2701-501: The basis of the Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST), and thus led towards the current University of Manchester formed in 2004. The University of Birmingham has origins dating back to the 1825 Birmingham Medical School . The University of Leeds also owes its foundations to a medical school: the 1831 Leeds School of Medicine . The University of Bristol began with the 1876 University College, Bristol ,

2774-401: The building from the 1950s, but, having been empty for some time, the building was refurbished in 2016 to become residential and office space. The Devonshire Building, opened in 2004, incorporates in an energy efficient design. It uses photovoltaic cells to help to power motorised shades that control the temperature of the building and geothermal heating coils. Its architects won awards in

2847-521: The business school opened their new building built on the former Scottish and Newcastle brewery site next to St James' Park . This building was officially opened on 19 March 2012 by Lord Burns . The business school operated a central London campus from 2014 to 2021, in partnership with INTO University Partnerships until 2020. The BMC Medicine journal reported in 2008 that medical graduates from Oxford , Cambridge and Newcastle performed better in postgraduate tests than any other medical school in

2920-492: The city of Newcastle. Popular Newcastle areas for private student houses and flats off campus include Jesmond , Heaton , Sandyford , Shieldfield , South Shields and Spital Tongues . Henderson Hall was used as a hall of residence until a fire destroyed it in 2023. St Mary's College in Fenham , one of the halls of residence, was formerly St Mary's College of Education, a teacher training college. The current Chancellor

2993-415: The first session of the unified college opening on 3 October that year. In 1861 the degree of Master of Surgery was introduced, allowing for the double qualification of Licence of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery, along with the degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Doctor of Medicine, both of which required residence in Durham. In 1870 the college was brought into closer connection with the university, becoming

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3066-720: The formation of the National Innovation Centre for Data. Innovative teaching in the School was recognised in 2017 with the award of a National Teaching Fellowship. Newcastle University has the second largest cavitation tunnel in the UK. Founded in 1950, and based in the Marine Science and Technology Department, the Emerson Cavitation Tunnel is used as a test basin for propellers, water turbines, underwater coatings and interaction of propellers with ice. The Emerson Cavitation Tunnel

3139-504: The general view of these new universities compared to the established ones. Peers's reference was inspired by the fact that the Victoria Building at the University of Liverpool (designed by Alfred Waterhouse and completed in 1892 as the main building for University College, Liverpool) is built from a distinctive red pressed brick, with terracotta decorative dressings. On this basis the University of Liverpool claims to be

3212-462: The industrial centres of the late Victorian and Edwardian eras that required strong scientific and technical workforces. These universities developed out of various 19th-century private research and education institutes in industrial cities known as university colleges , and presented their students for external examinations of the University of London or were part of the federal Victoria University . The 1824 Manchester Mechanics' Institute formed

3285-658: The instruments. The Cavitation Tunnel was housed in Newcastle University's old boiler house, where it was originally reconstructed. That location was on King's Road in the middle of the University's city centre campus between the Armstrong building, the Student Union , the Arches and the Bedson building. In 2016, the tunnel was moved from the Newcastle University city centre campus and taken to Poland, where it

3358-643: The learning of the languages themselves, Newcastle also places a great deal of emphasis on study and experience of the cultures of the countries where the languages taught are spoken. The School of Modern Languages hosts North East England 's only branches of two internationally important institutes: the Camões Institute , a language institute for Portuguese, and the Confucius Institute , a language and cultural institute for Chinese. The teaching of modern foreign languages at Newcastle predates

3431-419: The nine original institutions are members of the Russell Group . The term red brick or redbrick was coined by Edgar Allison Peers , a professor of Spanish at the University of Liverpool , to describe the civic universities, while using the pseudonym "Bruce Truscot" in his 1943 book Redbrick University . Although Peers used red brick in the title of the original book, he used redbrick adjectivally in

3504-473: The original "red brick" institution, although the titular, fictional Redbrick University was a cipher for all the civic universities of the day. While the University of Liverpool was an inspiration for the "red brick" university alluded to in Peers' book, receiving university status in 1903, the University of Birmingham was the first of the civic universities to gain independent university status in 1900 and

3577-445: The original civic universities, namely those in the second wave of civic universities before the advent of the plate glass universities in 1961. These universities were similar to the red bricks in that they evolved from local university colleges and (with the exception of Keele) awarded external degrees of the University of London before being granted full university status; they differ in that they became universities later, after

3650-657: The predecessor parts of Newcastle University. While a Latin motto, mens agitat molem ( mind moves matter ) appears in the Students' Union building, the university itself does not have an official motto. In 1967, Newcastle became the only British university to confer an honorary degree on Martin Luther King . The university established a branch campus in London in 2015, in partnership with INTO University Partnerships , at INTO's existing London campus. The London campus

3723-425: The range of propellers that could be tested. The tunnel was also renamed to its current name, the Emerson Cavitation Tunnel after Dr Arnold Emerson, who was the tunnel superintendent and the driving force behind the upgrades. Modifications were made to the tunnel during the 1980s. New computer-based data collection, interpretation and analysis technology has been added to aid with computational fluid dynamics . Data

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3796-410: The school of medicine were also built. September 2012 saw the completion of the new buildings and facilities for INTO Newcastle University on the university campus. The main building provides 18 new teaching rooms, a Learning Resource Centre, a lecture theatre, science lab, administrative and academic offices and restaurant. The Philip Robinson Library is the main university library and is named after

3869-403: The text and in the title of the 1945 sequel. He is said to have later regretted his use of red brick in the title. The term red brick for this category of universities is used as a contrast to the older more established universities that were all stone masonry constructions. The use of bricks was seen as a cheaper and less traditional alternative and therefore not as highly regarded, reflected in

3942-605: The three major accreditation bodies: AACSB , AMBA and EQUIS . In 2002, Newcastle University Business School established the Business Accounting and Finance or 'Flying Start' degree in association with the ICAEW and PricewaterhouseCoopers . The course offers an accelerated route towards the ACA Chartered Accountancy qualification and is the Business School's Flagship programme. In 2011

4015-512: The two Newcastle colleges in the early 1930s, a Royal Commission in 1934 recommended the merger of the two colleges to form "King's College, Durham"; that was effected by the Durham University Act 1937. Further growth of both division of the federal university led to tensions within the structure and a feeling that it was too large to manage as a single body. On 1 August 1963 the Universities of Durham and Newcastle upon Tyne Act 1963 separated

4088-640: The two World Wars. In 2017, a statue of Martin Luther King Jr. was erected in the inner courtyard of the Armstrong Building, to celebrate the 50th anniversary of his honorary degree from the university. The Bruce Building is a former brewery, constructed between 1896 and 1900 on the site of the Hotspur Hotel, and designed by the architect Joseph Oswald as the new premises of Newcastle Breweries Limited. The university occupied

4161-482: The two thus creating the "University of Newcastle upon Tyne". As the successor of King's College, Durham, the university at its founding in 1963, adopted the coat of arms originally granted to the Council of King's College in 1937. Above the portico of the Students' Union building are bas-relief carvings of the arms and mottoes of the University of Durham, Armstrong College and Durham University College of Medicine,

4234-690: The university has stated that the popularity of the term "red brick" owes much to its own Chancellor's Court, constructed from Accrington red brick . The University of Birmingham grew from the Mason Science College (opened two years before University College Liverpool in 1880), an elaborate red brick and terracotta building in central Birmingham which was demolished in 1962. These universities were distinguished by being non- collegiate institutions that admitted men without reference to religion or background and concentrated on imparting to their students "real-world" skills, often linked to engineering and medicine. In this sense they owed their structural heritage to

4307-403: The university opened the Newcastle Institute for Social Renewal to address issues of social and economic change, representing the research-led academic schools across the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences and the Business School. Mark Shucksmith was Director of the Newcastle Institute for Social Renewal (NISR) at Newcastle University, where he is also Professor of Planning. In 2006,

4380-412: The university was granted fair trade status and from January 2007 it became a smoke-free campus. The university has also been actively involved with several of the region's museums for many years. The Great North Museum: Hancock originally opened in 1884 and is often a venue for the university's events programme. Teaching schools within the university are based within three faculties. Each faculty

4453-600: The university's first overseas branch was opened in Singapore, a Marine International campus called, NUMI Singapore. This later expanded beyond marine subjects and became Newcastle University Singapore, largely through becoming an Overseas University Partner of Singapore Institute of Technology . In 2011, the university's Medical School opened an international branch campus in Iskandar Puteri , Johor , Malaysia , namely Newcastle University Medicine Malaysia . Newcastle University has many catered and non-catered halls of residence available to first-year students, located around

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4526-433: Was a university constituency in the UK Parliament created by the Representation of the People Act 1918 for graduates of Durham University and the six pre-World War One red bricks (Birmingham, Bristol, Leeds, Liverpool, Manchester, and Sheffield). Graduates of Oxford , Cambridge , and London had already been enfranchised and graduates of the University of Wales were enfranchised at the same time. Reading University

4599-453: Was added to the Combined English Universities constituency in 1928 (prior to this its graduates, taking London degrees, would have joined the London constituency). The constituency was abolished in 1950. Various other civic institutions with origins dating from the 19th and early to mid-20th centuries have also been described as "red brick". According to historian William Whyte of the University of Oxford, Truscott's original definition includes

4672-438: Was closed in 2021. The university occupies a campus site close to Haymarket in central Newcastle upon Tyne. It is located to the northwest of the city centre between the open spaces of Leazes Park and the Town Moor ; the university medical school and Royal Victoria Infirmary are adjacent to the west. The Armstrong building is the oldest building on the campus and is the site of the original Armstrong College. The building

4745-524: Was completed in 1906 and features two stone figures to represent science and the arts. Much of the later construction work was financed by Sir Isaac Lowthian Bell , the metallurgist and former Lord Mayor of Newcastle, after whom the main tower is named. In 1906 it was opened by King Edward VII . The building contains the King's Hall , which serves as the university's chief hall for ceremonial purposes where Congregation ceremonies are held. It can contain 500 seats. King Edward VII gave permission to call

4818-411: Was constructed in three stages; the north east wing was completed first at a cost of £18,000 and opened by Princess Louise on 5 November 1888. The south-east wing, which includes the Jubilee Tower, and south-west wings were opened in 1894. The Jubilee Tower was built with surplus funds raised from an Exhibition to mark Queen Victoria 's Jubilee in 1887. The north-west front, forming the main entrance,

4891-451: Was first established at the University in 1949 after being disassembled and transported from Pelzerhaken, Germany after the Second World War . The tunnel arrived at the University in 1947 and over the following few years the tunnel was heavily modified. The tunnel - which was originally designed to be operated in the horizontal plane - was converted into a vertical loop tunnel and the length was reduced by half. The original observation window

4964-478: Was first proposed in 1831 by Thomas Greenhow in a lecture to the Literary and Philosophical Society . In 1832 a group of local medics – physicians George Fife (teaching materia medica and therapeutics) and Samuel Knott (teaching theory and practice of medicine), and surgeons John Fife (teaching surgery), Alexander Fraser (teaching anatomy and physiology) and Henry Glassford Potter (teaching chemistry) – started offering medical lectures in Bell's Court to supplement

5037-507: Was formally linked to the University of Durham , becoming the "Newcastle-upon-Tyne College of Medicine in connection with the University of Durham". The college awarded its first 'Licence in Medicine' (LicMed) under the auspices of the University of Durham in 1856, with external examiners from Oxford and London, becoming the first medical examining body on the United Kingdom to institute practical examinations alongside written and viva voce examinations. The two colleges amalgamated in 1857, with

5110-426: Was fully refurbished before being brought back to the North East and installed in a new purpose-built research centre, Marine campus at Blyth. The first research grant of £8,000 was awarded in 1950 for the testing of a new series of propellers , and was awarded by the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR) . In the 1970s and 1980s, the tunnel was extensively modified and upgraded in order to improve

5183-415: Was modified and two more added. Because of damage, a new impeller was constructed and numerous pieces of measuring equipment were added. This equipment included pitot tubes , a tachometer , stroboscopic lighting equipment, contact meters and a vacuum pump . The tunnel was connected to an electrical supply in 1949 and entered service late in 1950, after technical problems called for recalibration of some of

5256-692: Was recently relocated to a new facility in Blyth . The university is associated with a number of the region's museums and galleries, including the Great North Museum project, which is primarily based at the world-renowned Hancock Museum . The Great North Museum: Hancock also contains the collections from two of the university's former museums, the Shefton Museum and the Museum of Antiquities , both now closed. The university's Hatton Gallery

5329-449: Was taught at the university's predecessor college before it became independent from Durham University. It has a number of recognised international and national experts in a variety of areas of legal scholarship ranging from Common and Chancery law, to International and European law, as well as contextual, socio-legal and theoretical legal studies. The Law School occupies four specially adapted late-Victorian town houses. The Staff Offices,

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