Gross register tonnage ( GRT , grt , g.r.t. , gt ), or gross registered tonnage , is a ship's total internal volume expressed in "register tons", each of which is equal to 100 cubic feet (2.83 m ). Replaced by Gross Tonnage (GT), gross register tonnage uses the total permanently enclosed capacity of the vessel as its basis for volume. Typically this is used for dockage fees, canal transit fees, and similar purposes where it is appropriate to charge based on the size of the entire vessel. Internationally, GRT may be abbreviated as BRT for the German " Bruttoregistertonne ".
13-483: Empire Brutus was a 7,233 GRT cargo ship which was built in 1941 by J. L. Thompson & Sons Ltd for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). Although twice damaged by enemy action, she survived the war. Postwar she was sold into merchant service, being renamed Vergmor , Southgate and Fatih , serving until scrapped in 1968. Empire Brutus was built by J. L. Thompson & Sons Ltd, Sunderland . She
26-459: A mine 6 nautical miles (11 km) off Arromanches , France ( 49°27′N 00°29′W / 49.450°N 0.483°W / 49.450; -0.483 ) and was damaged when on a voyage from Juno Beach to Southend on Sea in ballast. She was beached on Juno Beach. The following day, she was refloated and towed to Middlesbrough for repairs. Empire Brutus was a member of Convoy MKS 101G, which departed Gibraltar on 15 May 1945 bound for
39-406: A migration period of 12 years to ensure that ships were given reasonable economic safeguards, since port and other dues are charged according to ship's tonnage. Since 18 July 1994 the gross and net tonnages, dimensionless indices calculated from the total moulded volume of the ship and its cargo spaces by mathematical formulae , have been the only official measures of the ship's tonnage. However,
52-730: Is not a measure of the ship's weight or displacement and should not be confused with terms such as deadweight tonnage or displacement . Gross register tonnage was defined by the Moorsom Commission in 1849. Gross and net register tonnages were replaced by gross tonnage and net tonnage , respectively, when the International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopted The International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships on 23 June 1969. The new tonnage regulations entered into force for all new ships on 18 July 1982, but existing vessels were given
65-421: Is often used to specify a ship's maximum permissible deadweight (i.e. when it is fully loaded so that its Plimsoll line is at water level), although it may also denote the actual DWT of a ship not loaded to capacity. Deadweight tonnage is a measure of a vessel's weight carrying capacity, not including the empty weight of the ship. It is distinct from the displacement (weight of water displaced), which includes
78-555: The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships , deadweight is explicitly defined as the difference in tonnes between the displacement of a ship in water of a specific gravity of 1.025 (corresponding to average density of sea water of 1,025 kg/m or 1,728 lb/cu yd) at the draft corresponding to the assigned summer freeboard and the light displacement (lightweight) of
91-524: The 230 nautical miles (430 km) to Lisbon at 2 knots (3.7 km/h). She was on a voyage from Newport, Wales to Algiers and Bougie , Algeria laden with ammunition, bombs and trucks. Empire Brutus was a member of Convoy MKS 43G, which departed Gibraltar on 22 March 1944 bound for the United Kingdom. and Loch Ewe on 10 September. It dispersed at sea on 15 September. She was carrying general cargo. On 8 July 1944, Empire Brutus struck
104-634: The United Kingdom. Empire Brutus was carrying a cargo of wheat . Those killed whilst serving on Empire Brutus during World War II are commemorated at the Tower Hill Memorial , London. In 1948, Empire Brutus was sold to the Haddon Steamship Co Ltd, London and renamed Vergmor . In 1950, she was sold to the Turnbull, Scott Shipping Co Ltd and was renamed Southgate , serving with them for five years. In 1950, Southgate
117-423: The gross and net register tonnages are still widely used in describing older ships. Deadweight tonnage Deadweight tonnage (also known as deadweight ; abbreviated to DWT , D.W.T. , d.w.t. , or dwt ) or tons deadweight (DWT) is a measure of how much weight a ship can carry. It is the sum of the weights of cargo , fuel, fresh water , ballast water , provisions, passengers, and crew . DWT
130-469: The ship's own weight, or the volumetric measures of gross tonnage or net tonnage (and the legacy measures gross register tonnage and net register tonnage ). Deadweight tonnage was historically expressed in long tons , but is now usually given internationally in tonnes (metric tons). In modern international shipping conventions such as the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea and
143-600: Was built by the Central Marine Engine Company (1938) Ltd, Newcastle upon Tyne . She had a GRT of 7,233 with a NRT of 4,294. Empire Brutus's port of registry was Sunderland. She was operated under the management of W. T. Gould. On 26 July 1943, Empire Brutus was damaged by enemy bombing 197 nautical miles (365 km) west of Cape Caroeiro , Portugal ( 39°50′N 13°38′W / 39.833°N 13.633°W / 39.833; -13.633 ). It took five days for Empire Samson to tow her
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#1732797162121156-750: Was sold to Sadikzade Rusen Ogullari KS, Turkey and renamed Fatih . She served until 1968. Fatih was scrapped at Istanbul in February 1968. Official Numbers were a forerunner to IMO Numbers . Empire Brutus , Vergmor and Southgate had the UK Official Number 169111. Empire Brutus used the Code Letters BFFY. Gross register tonnage Net register tonnage subtracts the volume of spaces not available for carrying cargo, such as engine rooms, fuel tanks and crew quarters, from gross register tonnage. Gross register tonnage
169-538: Was yard number 624. Launched on 18 December 1942, she was completed in March 1943. The ship was 423 feet 8 inches (129.13 m) long, with a beam of 57 feet 2 inches (17.42 m) and a depth of 35 feet 9 inches (10.90 m). She was propelled by a triple expansion steam engine which had cylinders of 24 + 1 ⁄ 2 inches (62 cm), 39 inches (99 cm) and 70 inches (180 cm) bore by 48 inches (120 cm) stroke. The engine
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