Empress Augusta Bay is a bay on the western side of the island of Bougainville Island , within the Autonomous Region of Bougainville in northeastern Papua New Guinea .
5-572: It is a subsistence fishing area for the people of Bougainville. Empress Augusta Bay is named after Augusta Viktoria of Schleswig-Holstein , wife of German Emperor William II . At the time Bougainville was part of the German colonial empire , at first within the German protectorate over the South Sea Islands and later administered by German New Guinea . In November 1943 the bay was
10-453: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Subsistence economy A subsistence economy is an economy directed to basic subsistence (the provision of food, clothing and shelter) rather than to the market. "Subsistence" is understood as supporting oneself and family at a minimum level. Basic subsistence is the provision of food, clothing, shelter. A subsistence economy is an economy directed to one's subsistence rather than to
15-622: Is maintained through sharing, feasting, ritual observance and associated norms. Harvesting is an important indicator of social capital . Subsistence embodies cultural perspectives of relationships to places, people and animals. In human history , before the first cities , all humans lived in a subsistence economy. As urbanization , civilization , and division of labor spread, various societies moved to other economic systems at various times. Some remain relatively unchanged, ranging from uncontacted peoples , to marginalized areas of developing countries , to some cultures that choose to retain
20-408: The market. Often, the subsistence economy is moneyless and relies on natural resources to provide for basic needs through hunting, gathering, and agriculture . In a subsistence economy, economic surplus is minimal and only used to trade for basic goods, and there is no industrialization . In hunting and gathering societies, resources are often, if not typically underused. The subsistence system
25-523: The site of the Battle of Empress Augusta Bay , between Allied and Japanese forces. During the 1970s and 1980s the bay was seriously polluted by copper tailings from the world's largest copper mine, Panguna , operated by Rio Tinto Group . This issue contributed to the formation of the secessionist Bougainville Revolutionary Army and a civil war on the island between 1989 and 1997. This Autonomous Region of Bougainville geography article
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