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72-589: Enugwu Aguleri is a community in Anambra state (Nigeria) with one of the oldest dynasty in South eastern Nigeria in which the kingdom has produced over thirty four kings of Aguleri, up to the 18th century, and has continued, in recent times, up to now, to produce the ruler of Enugwu Aguleri. The Ezeora dynasty has remained powerful been the sacred holder of the Ovo Eri and as well occupying the throne of Eri at Obu-Gad. It

144-415: A fourth of Igboland and beyond. Nri's influence in much of northwestern and western Igboland lasted from the reigns of the fourth eze Nri to that of the ninth. After that, patterns of conflict emerged that existed from the tenth to the fourteenth reigns, which probably reflected the monetary importance of the slave trade . Outside-world influence was not going to be halted by native religious doctrine in

216-516: A known automobile hub within Nigeria and Africa . The state name was formed in 1976 from the former East Central State . The state is named after Omambala River , a river that runs through the state. Anambra is the anglicized name of the Omambala . The State capital is Awka . The city of Onitsha , a historic port city from the pre-colonial era, remains an important centre of commerce within

288-812: A memorandum of understanding with Galway modular housing company, Affordable Building Concepts International, for 10,000 housing units to be built in the state. Given decades of neglect of infrastructure and bad governance, the shift in human migration has posed problems for the state. Infrastructure improvements, both physical and social, have lagged behind the growth in population. There are problems in environmental sanitation, erosion control, and provision of social services. Major cities have become characterized by inadequate and deteriorated road networks and walkways, unregulated building patterns, poor sanitation, uncontrolled street trading, mountains of garbage, and chaotic transport systems, creating congestion, noise pollution, and overcrowding. The government of Peter Obi, with

360-459: A part of the kingdom about 18 kilometres (11 mi) south of Nri itself, practiced bronze casting techniques using elephant-head motifs. The bronzes of Igbo-Ukwu are often compared to those of Ife and Benin , but they come from a different tradition and are associated with the eze Nri by descendants of Eri. In fact, the earliest body of Nigerian bronzes has been unearthed in Igbo territory to

432-597: A series of ranked titles called Ozo and Nze . Men with these titles were known as mbùríchi and became an extension of the Nri's religio-political system. They controlled the means for agriculture and determined guilt or innocence in disputes. Both the Ndi Nri priests and mbùríchi nobility belonged to the Ikénga , the right hand. The Ìkénga god was one dedicated to achievement and power, both of which were associated with

504-580: A sophisticated divine Kingship administrative system, which held sway in the area of Anambra from c. 948 AD to 1911. In some towns, such as Ogidi and others, local families had hereditary rights to kingship for centuries. Great Britain recognised some of these traditional kings and leaders in their system of indirect rule of the Protectorate of South Nigeria . Beginning in the 19th century, they appointed some noble leaders as Warrant Chiefs, authorizing them to collect taxes, among other duties. Anambra

576-524: A title system. Igbo west of the Niger River and on its east bank developed kingship, governing states such as Aboh , Onitsha and Oguta , their title Obi , apparently from the Benin Empire's Oba (this is debatable however, because the word "obi" in most Igbo dialects literally means "heart" and may be a metaphorical reference to kingship, rather than a loanword from Yoruba or Edo ). This

648-655: Is -0.47% lower than Nigeria's averages. Anambra typically receives about 212.36 millimeters (8.36 inches) of precipitation and has 243.38 rainy days (66.68% of the time) annually. The state has been described as one of the worst places affected by the climate change in Nigeria and sub-Saharan Africa in 2022 according to the Climate Change Education and Action Programme, (CLEAP). With an annual population growth rate of 2.21 percent per annum, Anambra State has over 60% of its people living in urban areas. It

720-623: Is a fast-growing commercial city and has developed to become a huge conurbation extending to Idemili , Oyi and Anambra East LGAs, with one of the largest markets in West Africa. In 2012 the tri-city area was dubbed the Onitsha-Nnewi-Awka (ONA) Industrial Axis, in recognition of the expanding industrial capacity. Nnewi (sometimes called the Taiwan of Nigeria) is a rapidly developing industrial and commercial centre. Designated as

792-532: Is in the Igbo-dominated area that seceded as part of an independent Biafra in 1967, following rising tensions with Northern Nigeria. During the Nigerian/Biafran war (1967–1970), Biafran engineers constructed a relief airstrip in the town of Uli/Amorka (code named "Annabelle"). Extremely dangerous relief flights took off from Sao Tome and other sites loaded with tons of food and medicine for

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864-550: Is located in the present Anambra State . Traditional Rulership: - Hereditary (Ezeora Dynasty) The Ndi Ichie, Ndi Ojiana, Eze Eri Cabinet chiefs and the Town Union Executives. Enugwu Aguleri comprises six (6) villages namely Amuleri (Ama Amuleri), Umuokpoto (Ama Umuokpoto),Umuezunu (Ama Umuezunu) Umuekwe, Umuakwu and Enugwu Ndida (Ama Obuga). Traditional titles: (seven traditional Sacraments for men only) Ozo, Ogbuevi, Ivijioku, Ekwu, Amanwulu, Oba and Nze. Nze

936-596: Is not debatable and to clarify this, Obi has 3 different meanings in Igboland and Igbo languages depending on how you pronounce it; òbi means the first born of every family thus the eldest in the family. õbi is a thatched hut which every wealthy man built to receive visitors. In Igbo land a man will build his hut and a hut or huts for his wife or wives. The hut is where Igbo men received their peers who come to visit and to talk about farming and trade. Lasty, obi means heart and none of these has any reference or anything to do with

1008-451: Is one of the most urbanized states in Nigeria. The major urban centres of Anambra State are Onitsha , Nnewi, Ekwulobia , Ihiala, Aguleri and Awka , the state capital. Awka and Onitsha had developed as pre-colonial urban centres: Awka was the craft industrial centre of the Nri hegemony. Onitsha is a city state on the Niger, having developed as a river port and commercial centre. Onitsha

1080-542: Is said to be a 'sky being' that came down to earth and then established civilization. One of the better-known remnants of the Nri civilization is manifested in the Igbo ukwu artifacts. Nri's culture permanently influenced the Northern and Western Igbo, especially through religion and taboos. The kingdom appears to have passed its peak in the 18th century, encroached upon by the rise of the Benin and Igala kingdom, and later

1152-563: Is the Second Niger Bridge at Onitsha . Road Transportation companies; Air Transportation service; Ogbunike Caves , listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site , is one of the most visited tourist sites in Anambra State. It is classified as a sandstone cave (Lateritic sandstones of Campanian-Miocene age). The Owerre Ezukala caves and waterfalls are great tourist attractions in the state. Largely unexplored,

1224-528: Is the highest of these titles and it is mostly taken by the elderly in Aguleri. The paraphernalia of these titles include: Red cap(okpu ododo), Anklet, Ngwuagiliga/alo (title scepter), Akpa ewu (goat skin bag), Nzu (white chalk) and trypod stool (oche mgbo) and a medium-sized bell. Uvio and Nchachaa are the musical instruments for the titled men's dirge in Aguleri. Non titled men are not allowed to partake in this Uvio dance and defaulters are heavily fined. Nze which

1296-468: Is the highest of these titles is highly revered and the diseased members are buried in a special cemetery(oli-nze) designated for men of the Nze society at midnight by their members. Some of these practices started diminishing with the advent of Christianity in Aguleri. Traditional titles for women; IYOMU & ikiti;This title is taken only by reputable matured women in Aguleri who have contributed in one way or

1368-628: Is to include Anambra State in the list of oil producing States as stated in the NDDC law through the amendment of Section 2(1)(b) of the NDDC Establishment ACT CAP N 86 LFN 2004. Since the late 1990s, there has been a migration from rural to urban areas in the state, resulting in Anambra becoming a highly urbanized state: 62% of its population lives in urban areas. In October 2015, the APGA -led state government of Willie Obiano , signed

1440-594: The Anambra River basin. On 2 August 2015, the management of Orient Petroleum Resources Plc said the company planned to increase its crude oil production to 3,000 barrels per day by September 2015, as it stepped up production activities in two new oil wells in its Aguleri oil fields. An indigenous company, Nails and Stanley Ltd, was to establish a gas plant at Umueje in Ayamelum Local Government Area to support economic activities in

1512-540: The Atlantic slave trade , but it appears to have maintained its authority well into the 16th century, remnants of the eze hierarchy persisted until the establishment of Colonial Nigeria in 1911, and it continues to exist as one of the traditional states within modern Nigeria . The Nri kingdom is a kingdom within the Igbo area of Nigeria. Nri and Aguleri, where the Umueri-Igbo creation myth originates, are in

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1584-456: The eze to speak directly to all the communities under him. Ritual scarification in Nri was known as Ichi of which there are two styles; the Nri style, and the Agbaja style. In the Nri style, the carved line ran from the center of the forehead down to the chin. A second line ran across the face, from the right cheek to the left. This was repeated to obtain a pattern meant to imitate the rays of

1656-415: The 9th century, and are of high value and historic relevance. Other places of interest in the state includes: Cuisines Kingdom of Nri The kingdom was a haven for all those who had been rejected in their communities and also a place where slaves were set free from their bondage. Nri expanded through converts gaining neighboring communities' allegiance, not by force. Nri's royal founder, Eri ,

1728-602: The British colonialists encountered while heading up to Northern Nigeria from across the riverine areas. They usually described present day Anambra as 'Anam branch' to their colleagues up North. Reason Anam together with some neighboring clans was Anambra LGA when the state was created. It is now Anambra-West LGA with Olumbanasa. Anambra's history stretches to the 9th century AD, as revealed by archaeological excavations at Igbo-Ukwu and Ezira . It has great works of art in iron , bronze , copper , and pottery . These have revealed

1800-637: The Enugu-Onitsha Expressway, a distance of about three kilometres within the city. Anambra International Cargo Airport , Umueri , opened on 7 December 2021. Anambra has good transport links to other states in the country. Federal highways: Other major roads include: The Niger River connects Onitsha Inland Port with the ports of Port Harcourt in Rivers State , and Bururu and Warri in Delta State . Nearing completion

1872-571: The Igbo religion had to abide by the rules of the faith and obey its representative on earth. An important symbol among the Nri religion was the omu , a tender palm frond , used to sacralize and restrain. It was used as protection for traveling delegations or safeguarding certain objects; a person or object carrying an omu twig was considered protected. The influence of these symbols and institutions extended well beyond Nri, and this unique Igbo socio-political system proved capable of controlling areas wider than villages or towns. For many centuries,

1944-496: The Kingdom of Nri. Nri oral tradition states that a bounty of yams and cocoyams could be given to the eze Nri, while blessings were given in return. It was believed that Nri's influence and bountiful amount of food was a reward for the ruler's blessings. Above all, Nri was a holy land for those Igbo who followed its edicts. It served as a place where sins and taboos could be absolved just by entering it. Even Igbo living far from

2016-650: The Socio-culture Revival (1974—Present). Author Onwuejeogwu suggested that Nri influence in Igboland may go back as far as the 12th century, and royal burials have been unearthed dating to at least the 9th century. According to other authors, Eri, the god-like founder of Nri, is believed to have settled the region around the 1500s. The first eze Nri (King of Nri), Ìfikuánim , follows directly after him. According to Angulu (1981), oral tradition suggests an accession of Eri in 1043. Chambers (2005) places Ìfikuánim's reign at around 1225 CE. In 1911,

2088-526: The Ududu-eze, the royal scepter. There, the process of paying of homage to all the necessary shrines/deities in Aguleri by the new Eze Nri, visitation to Menri's tomb at Ama-Okpu, collection of Ofo, purification of the virgin boy to receive the clay from the chosen diver from Umuezeora in Aguleri, sitting on the throne of Eri at Obu-Gad in Enugwu Aguleri by the new Eze-Nri before going back to Nri on

2160-544: The Uga airstrip. He named his tiny but effective air force " Babies of Biafra " in honour of the babies who died from starvation inside Biafra. Old Anambra State was created in 1976 from part of East Central State , and its capital was Enugu . In 1991, a re-organisation divided Anambra into two states, Anambra and Enugu . The capital of the New Anambra is Awka . Boundaries are formed by Delta State and Edo State to

2232-636: The assistance of the UN-HABITAT , produced 20-year structural plans (2009–2028) for three major cities in the State: Onitsha , Nnewi and Awka – the Capital Territory, to restore urban planning and guide their growth into the future. The plans contain policies and proposals for land use, city beautification, road infrastructure, industrial development, housing, waste disposal, water supply and health and educational facilities to turn

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2304-526: The caves are said to be the largest in West Africa. The indigenous ethnic groups in Anambra state are the Igbo (99% of the population) and a small population of people who are bilingual Igbo Ukwu Museum: Igbo Ukwu is an ancient town known for its astonishing metal crafts; it continues to attract tourists to see its bronze artifacts. First noticed in 1938, the bronzes were later excavated by Thurstan Shaw (an English archaeologist). They have been dated to

2376-660: The center of power would send abnormal children to Nri for ritual cleansing rather than having them killed, as was sometimes the case for dwarfs or children who cut their top teeth before their lower teeth. Nri people believed that the sun was the dwelling place of Anyanwu (Light) and Agbala (Fertility). Agbala was the collective spirit of all holy beings (human and nonhuman). Agbala was the perfect agent of Chukwu or Chineke (the Creator God) and chose its human and nonhuman agents only by their merit; it knew no politics. It transcended religion, culture and gender, and worked with

2448-457: The ceremony to show their loyalty. At the end the Eze Nri would give the representatives a yam medicine and a blessing of fertility for their communities. The festival was seen as a day of peace and certain activities were prohibited such as the planting of crops before the day of the ceremony, the splitting of wood and unnecessary noise. Igu Aro was a regular event that gave an opportunity for

2520-526: The cities into successful urban areas that can generate employment and wealth, and provide high living standards for their residents. Anambra became the first state in Nigeria to adopt structural plans for its cities. With effective implementation, it should systematically grow as a major economic center in Nigeria, and West Africa. The process of urbanization is fairly contributed by population growth, immigration, migration, and infrastructure initiatives like good road, water, power, and gardens, resulting in

2592-688: The distressed Biafran population. Uli/Amorka airstrip was the site where American pilots such as Alex Nicoll, and scores of others, delivered tons of relief supplies to the Biafran population. Disgusted by the suffering and mounting death toll in Biafra from starvation, as well as the continuous harassment of the relief planes by the Nigerian Airforce , Carl Gustaf von Rosen resigned as a Red Cross relief pilot. He helped Biafra to form an Airforce of five Minicoin planes Malmö MFI-9 stationed at

2664-434: The earth from human crimes. The ndi Nri exercised authority over wide areas of Igboland and had the power to install the next eze Nri . Areas under Nri influence, called Odinani Nri, were open to Ndi Nri traveling within them to perform rituals and ensure bountiful harvest or restore harmony in local affairs. Local men within the odinani Nri could represent the eze Nri and share his moral authority by purchasing

2736-630: The east of the Niger River at a site dated to the 9th century, making it older than Ife. It appears that Nri had an artistic as well as religious influence on the lower Niger. Sculptures found there are bronze like those at Igbo-Ukwu. The great sculptures of the Benin Empire, by contrast, were almost always brass with, over time, increasingly greater percentages of zinc added. The bronzes of Igbo-Ukwu pay special attention to detail depicting birds, snails, chameleons, and other natural aspects of

2808-456: The face of the slave trade's economic opportunities. Nri influence declined after the start of the 18th century. Still, it survived in a much-reduced, and weakened form until 1911, when an expedition carried out by British colonial troops forced the reigning eze Nri to renounce the ritual power of the religion known as the ìkénga , ending the kingdom of Nri as a political power. Nearly all communities in Igboland were organized according to

2880-465: The grave in the seven or more years ensuing upon his death. Regardless of the actual date, this period marks the beginning of Nri kingship as a centralized institution. Expansion of the kingdom of Nri was achieved by sending mbùríchi , or converts, to other settlements. Allegiance to the eze Nri was obtained not by military force but through ritual oath. Religious authority was vested in the local king, and ties were maintained by traveling mbùríchi . By

2952-513: The growth of villages into towns, town into cities and cities into metros. To have ecologically feasible development, planning requires an understanding of the growth dynamics. There is a fear that if too many people leave the villages, only the aged men and women will be left to farm. This pattern has been seen in Amesi, Akpo, and Achina towns in Aguata local government area. They have been important in

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3024-443: The humble and the truthful. They believed Anyanwu, The Light, to be the symbol of human perfection that all must seek and Agbala was entrusted to lead man there. Nri tradition was based on the concept of peace, truth and harmony. It spread this ideology through the ritualistic Ozo traders who maintained Nri influence by traveling and spreading Nri practices such as the " Ikenga " to other communities. These men were identified through

3096-401: The largest urban areas in Nigeria by population. The area currently known as Anambra State has been the site of numerous civilizations since at least the 9th century AD, including the ancient Kingdom of Nri , whose capital was the historic town of Igbo-Ukwu within the state. Residents of Anambra State are primarily Igbo , with the Igbo language serving as a lingua franca throughout

3168-412: The late 16th century, Nri influence extended well beyond the nuclear northern Igbo region to Igbo settlements on the west bank of the Niger and communities affected by the Benin Empire . There is strong evidence to indicate Igbo influence well beyond the Igbo region to Benin and Southern Igala areas like Idah before the arrival of the Nri. At its height, the kingdom of Nri had influence in over roughly

3240-426: The names of 19 eze Nri were recorded, but the list is not easily converted into chronological terms because of long interregnums between installations. Tradition held that at least seven years would pass upon the death of the eze Nri before a successor could be determined; the interregnum served as a period of divination of signs from the deceased eze Nri, who would communicate his choice of successor from beyond

3312-671: The oba of the Edo Benin Kingdom. The Igbo of Nri, on the other hand, developed a state system sustained by ritual power. The Kingdom of Nri was a religio-polity, a sort of theocratic state, that developed in the central heartland of the Igbo region. The Nri had a taboo symbolic code with six types. These included human (such as twins ), animal, object, temporal, behavioral, speech and place taboos. The rules regarding these taboos were used to educate and govern Nri's subjects. This meant that, while certain Igbo may have lived under different formal administration, all followers of

3384-474: The occasion. The newly inducted members of this group undergo procession beautifully decorated and each of them at a time must be given opportunity to display her ability to dance (itu unyaka) in full admiration of guests, spectators and family members. Anambra State Anambra State ( Igbo : Ọra Anambra ) is a Nigerian state located in the South-eastern region of the country. The state

3456-658: The oil and gas industry in the state. Following the attribution of eleven (11) oil wells by the Revenue Mobilization Allocation and Fiscal Commission (RMAFC) in August 2021, Anambra State joined the league of oil producing States in Nigeria. The process to amend the law that set up the Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC) through which infrastructure is provided to oil producing States has started. The purpose

3528-511: The other to the development of the community. The woman to take this title and her family must be ready to go through the expenses that go with the ceremony that accompany this title in the form of the properties the concerned lady must procure to be able to support the affluence she is expected to display during the ceremony such as lengths of very expensive cloths (wrappers), expensive fashion tables etc. She must also be ready to procure all kinds of food items to be used in entertaining guests during

3600-407: The people within the Nri related areas were committed to peace. This religious pacifism was rooted in a belief that violence was an abomination which polluted the earth. Instead, the eze Nri could declare a form of excommunication from the odinani Nri against those who violated specific taboos. Members of the Ikénga could isolate entire communities via this form of ritual siege. The eze Nri

3672-475: The production of yam, cocoyam, and cassava through consistent agriculture, but such activities have suffered due to the out-migration of youth to the urban centres. There has been both food scarcity in the region and over-population in urban areas . To upgrade the state capital and improve traffic, Awka , Governor Willie Obiano signed off on construction of three flyovers between the Amawbia and Arroma end of

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3744-426: The right hand. Nri maintained its vast authority well into the 16th century. The peace mandated by the Nri religion and enforced by the presence of the mbùríchi allowed trade to flourish. Items such as horses, which did not survive in tsetse fly -infested Nri, and seashells, which would have to be transported a long ways due to Nri's distance from the coast, have been found depicted in Nri's bronze. A Nri dignitary

3816-421: The ritual facial scarifications they had undergone. Nri believed in cleansing and purifying the earth (a supernatural force to Nri called Ana and Ajana ) of human abominations and crimes. The Igu Aro festival (counting of the year) was a royal festival the eze Nri used to maintain his influence over the communities under his authority. Each of these communities sent representatives to pay tribute during

3888-439: The second-most densely populated state in Nigeria after Lagos State . The stretch of more than 45 km between the towns of Oba and Amorka contains a cluster of numerous thickly populated villages and small towns, giving the area an estimated average density of 1,500–2,000 persons per square kilometre. The state has a Tropical wet and dry or savanna climate with yearly temperature of 28.99 °C (84.18 °F) and it

3960-504: The seventh day to undergo a symbolic burial and exhumation, then finally be anointed with white clay, a symbol of purity. Upon his death, he was buried seated in a wood-lined chamber. The eze Nri was in all aspects a divine ruler. While the eze Nri lived relatively secluded from his followers, he employed a group of officials called ndi Nri. These were ritual specialists, easily identifiable by facial scarifications or ichi , who traveled with ritual staffs of peace in order to purify

4032-453: The state capital, Awka has regained its precolonial administrative eminence. Anambra State consists of 21 local government areas . They are: Anambra houses the first Nigerian vehicle manufacturer, Innoson , an automobile manufacturer, located in Nnewi . People all over West Africa travel to Onitsha and Nnewi to trade, which boost the internal revenue of the state. Onitsha is among

4104-553: The state generated $ 5 million from the export of washed bitter leaf. There is a huge deposit of oil and gas in Nigeria, with the Anambra Basin having a great potential of 1000 trillion cubic feet of gas reserves untapped. Having more than 13 oil wells situated in Anambra, the state has the capacity to produce more than 100,000 barrels of crude oil per day, with indigenous companies like Orient Petroleum, and Sterling Oil Exploration and Production Co. LTD (SEEPCO), already leading

4176-480: The state's GDP. One of those was in 2018, when two brothers, Atikpo Chukwuebuka and Ubaka Chukwuebuka, were the first to invent a machine, that could wash off the bitterness from bitter-leaf (a popular vegetable staple in Nigeria). This machine will greatly improve the productivity of vegetable farming in the state. The export of agricultural items is a continual boost to Anambra Internal Generated Revenue. In 2017,

4248-468: The state,while Nnewi is the second largest commercial and industrial city in the state. Nicknamed the "Light of the Nation", Anambra State is the fourteenth most populous state in the nation, although that has seriously been argued against as Onitsha , the state's biggest and most populous urban area was discovered to be over 8.5 million in population in 2022 by Africapolis which makes Onitsha one of

4320-544: The state. During the Nigerian Civil War (1967–1970), Anambra State was part of the secessionist Republic of Biafra formed by Igbo nationalists. Anambra was severely affected by the war. Today, Anambra State is one of the most urbanized states in Nigeria. The name Anambra is the merging of Anam and the English word 'branch'. Anam is a clan in the Omambala region and the last Igbo speaking community

4392-412: The sun. In the Agbaja style, circles and semicircular patterns are added to the initial incisions to represent the moon. These scarifications were given to the representatives of the eze Nri; the mbùríchi . The scarification's were Nri's way of honoring the sun that they worshiped and was a form of ritual purification. Scarification had its origins in Nri mythology. Nri, the son of Eri who established

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4464-550: The territory of the Umu-Eri clan, who trace their lineages back to the patriarchal king-figure, Eri . Eri's origin is unclear, though he has been described as a "sky being" sent by Chukwu (God). He is credited with first giving societal order to the people of Anambra . Nri history may be divided into six main periods: the pre-Eri period, the Eri period, migration and unification, the heyday of Nri influence, decline and collapse and

4536-517: The top commercial cities in Africa. Agriculture is an important economic sector in Anambra. Oil palms , maize , rice , yams and cassava are among the crops grown. Fishing is also part of the economic mainstay of Anambra State more especially for communities along the riverine areas. Anambra is a home of innovation, inventions and creativity. There have been several innovations in Anambra, due to its appreciation of education, which has added to

4608-457: The town of Nri, was said to have pleaded to Chukwu (the Great God) because of hunger. Chukwu then ordered him to cut off his first son's and daughter's heads and plant them, creating a 'blood bond' between the Igbo and the earth deity, Ana . Before doing so, Nri was ordered to mark ichi onto their two foreheads. Coco yam , a crop managed by females, sprang from his daughter's head, and yam,

4680-427: The way. Anambra is rich in natural gas , crude oil , bauxite , and ceramic . It has an almost 100 percent arable soil . Anambra state has many other resources in terms of agro-based activities such as fisheries and farming, as well as land cultivated for pasturing and animal husbandry . In the year 2006, a foundation-laying ceremony for the first Nigerian private refinery, Orient Petroleum Refinery (OPR),

4752-547: The west for about 97 km across the River Niger , Imo State and Rivers State (for four km) to the south, Enugu State to the east for 139 km, and Kogi State to the north for about 40 km. The name was derived from the Anambra River (Omambala) which flows through the area and is a tributary of the River Niger . Anambra is the eighth-most populated state in the Federal Republic of Nigeria and

4824-448: The world such as a hatching bird. Other pieces include gourds and vessels which were often given handles. The pieces are so fine that small insects were included on the surfaces of some while others have what looks like bronze wires decorated around them. None of these extra details were made separately; the bronzes were all one piece. Igbo-Ukwu gave the evidence of an early bronze casting tradition in Nri. Religious beliefs were central to

4896-456: Was considered free. Nri had a network of internal and external trade, which its economy was partly based on. Other aspects of Nri's economy were hunting and agriculture. Eri, the sky being, was the first to 'count' the days by their names, eke , oye , afor and nkwo , which were the names of their four governing spirits. Eri revealed the opportunity of time to the Igbo, who would use the days for exchanging goods and knowledge. Igbo-Ukwu ,

4968-414: Was created on 27 August 1991. Anambra state is bounded by Delta State to the west, Imo State and Rivers State to the south, Enugu State to the east and Kogi State to the north. The state's capital is Awka , while the state’s largest city is Onitsha which is regarded as one of the largest metropolis in Africa. Nnewi is the second largest commercial and industrial city in Anambra State, and also

5040-534: Was made at Aguleri area. The Orient Petroleum Resource Ltd (OPRL), owner of OPR, was licensed in June 2002, by the Federal Government to construct a private refinery with a capacity of 55,000 barrels per day (~7,500 t/d). In 2012, following the efforts of Governor Peter Obi and other stakeholders of Orient Petroleum, Anambra State became an oil-producing state. The indigenous company struck oil in

5112-447: Was the title of the ruler of Nri with ritual and mystic (but not military) power. He was a ritual figure rather than a king in the traditional sense. The eze Nri was chosen after an interregnum period while the electors waited for supernatural powers to manifest in the new eze Nri. He was installed after a symbolic journey to Aguleri on the Anambra River . The authorities must be notified prior to commencement of this journey to obtain

5184-436: Was unearthed with ivory, also indicating a wealth in trade existed among the Nri. Another source of income would have been the income brought back by traveling mbùríchi . Unlike in many African economies of the period, Nri did not practice slave ownership or trade. Certain parts of the Nri domain, did not recognize slavery and served as a sanctuary. After the selection of the tenth eze Nri, any slave who set foot on Nri soil

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