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57-464: The name Maelor is an old Welsh word: it can be translated as "land of the prince", from mael "prince" and llawr "low ground", "region". Malaur Saisnec appears in a document as early as 1202: Saesneg ("English") is believed to relate specifically to the area's religious administration, as it was historically part of the ancient Diocese of Lichfield and Chester . At the time of the Roman invasion,

114-723: A Church of England diocese in the Province of Canterbury , England. The bishop's seat is located in the Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary and Saint Chad in the city of Lichfield . The diocese covers 4,516 km (1,744 sq mi) of several counties: almost all of Staffordshire , northern Shropshire , a significant portion of the West Midlands , and very small portions of Warwickshire and Powys ( Wales ). The Diocese of Mercia

171-492: A UNESCO World Heritage Site . The contemporary economy of the county borough has diversified into industries such as engineering, pharmaceuticals, electronics, and food processing, with agriculture dominant in the south-east and south-west. The county borough also contains Wrexham University , one of Wales' three Roman Catholic cathedrals , Wrexham Industrial Estate and the UK's largest prison, HMP Berwyn . In 1848, concerns over

228-717: A Welsh local authority principal council . Most offices of the council are situated within Wrexham city centre , around Llwyn Isaf and Chester Street . The headquarters of the council's Chief Executive is at the Guildhall ( Welsh : Neuadd y Dref ; lit.   ' Town hall ' ) in Wrexham. From May 2022, there are forty-nine electoral wards for the council, with seven having two councillors. The most recent Wrexham County Borough election on 5 May 2022 , resulted in independent politicians maintaining their position as

285-631: A coalition with the Conservatives again for another five-year term. The next election for the council is due for 6 May 2027, as part of the next Welsh local elections. The county borough was formed on 1 April 1996 following the enactment of the Local Government (Wales) Act 1994 , containing the district of Wrexham Maelor and some communities of Glyndŵr , namely Chirk , Glyntraian , Llansantffraid Glyn Ceiriog , and Ceiriog Ucha , and later Llangollen Rural in 1997. Borough status

342-531: A further four regional members. Polling done by UnHerd in 2019, showed that of those polled 54% of the county borough supported the continued reign of the British Monarch , compared to 23% and 21% opposed, and 23% and 25% do not know, in the Wrexham and Clwyd South constituencies respectively. In the 2016 National Survey for Wales, only 45.9% of the population agreed or strongly agreed that Wrexham County Borough Council provides quality services, below

399-428: A local consulation survey conducted by Wrexham council, reported that 61% of respondents stated that Wrexham does not "deserve" to be a city. In February 2024, a report from Audit Wales , stated that the council's planning members had a poor relationship with professional officers over planning decisions and the council frequently undermine officers, looking for alternative opinions instead. Audit Wales also criticised

456-588: A new Diocese of Coventry was recreated. In 1848 the Diocese of Lichfield gained the territory of Wolverhampton , previously under the independent Dean of the Royal Peculiar St Peter's Collegiate Church of the town. In 1884 the archdeaconry of Derby was transferred to the new Diocese of Southwell . In 1877 part of the archdeaconry of Stafford became the archdeaconry of Stoke-upon-Trent (now generally called merely Stoke) and in 1981

513-414: A population of 136,055. The north of the county borough is relatively urbanised and centred on Wrexham, with a population of 44,785, its industrial estate and several outlying villages, such as Brynteg and Gwersyllt . To the north east is the border village of Holt , while to the south of Wrexham, Rhosllanerchrugog , Ruabon , Acrefair and Cefn Mawr are the main urban villages. Further south again

570-559: Is Bersham Ironworks , in the Clywedog Valley , which operated between 1715 and 1812 and pioneered cannon manufacture. The area is part of the North Wales Coalfield and significant mining took place in the nineteenth century. Tanning and brewing were also significant industries. The Pontcysyllte Aqueduct near Cefn Mawr is an important surviving piece of early industrial infrastructure and has been designated

627-427: Is Chirk . The main villages of the county borough are Rhosllanerchrugog , Ruabon , Cefn Mawr , Coedpoeth , Gresford , Llay , Holt , Llansantffraid Glyn Ceiriog , Llanarmon Dyffryn Ceiriog , Bangor-on-Dee and Marchwiel . Rhosllanerchrugog's built-up area extends to Ruabon, Cefn Mawr and Acrefair, with a total population of 25,362 in 2011. There are 69 sq mi (180 km ) of principal rivers in

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684-612: Is a county borough , with city status , in the north-east of Wales . It borders the English ceremonial counties of Cheshire and Shropshire to the east and south-east respectively along the England–Wales border , Powys to the south-west, Denbighshire to the west and Flintshire to the north-west. The city of Wrexham is the administrative centre. The county borough is part of the preserved county of Clwyd . The county borough has an area of 193 square miles (500 km ) and

741-462: Is the town of Chirk , near the border with Shropshire , while the Ceiriog Valley to the south-east and English Maelor to the south-west of the county borough are rural. The county borough was historically split between Denbighshire and Flintshire , with it all later being part of the county of Clwyd. The county borough is flat in the east and hilly in the west. The long salient to

798-639: Is within the preserved county of Clwyd , and between 1974 and 1996 as part of the then administrative county of Clwyd, the present-day county borough was divided into the districts of Wrexham Maelor and Glyndŵr . Before Clwyd's establishment in 1974, the modern-day county borough was part of the historic counties of Denbighshire (spanning most of the modern-day county borough; including Wrexham), and Flintshire (the English Maelor exclave). Offa's and Wat's Dyke , and their respective pathways ( Offa's Dyke Path , and Wat's Dyke Way ) pass through

855-561: The 2024 United Kingdom general election , Wrexham County Borough is split between three UK Parliament constituencies, Clwyd East , Montgomeryshire and Glyndŵr , and Wrexham . In the Senedd (Welsh Parliament), Wrexham County Borough is split into two Senedd constituencies, Clwyd South and Wrexham , each electing a Member of the Senedd (MS) each. The county borough is also part of the North Wales Senedd region which elects

912-595: The Brynkinalt Park ; also known as Chirk Green being council-operated), and at Erddig ( National Trust -operated; south of Wrexham). Iscoyd Park in Maelor Saesneg also boasts some parkland. Nant Mill hosts a Visitor Centre on the Clywedog Trail and is surrounded by woodland, whereas Stryt Las Park between Rhos and Johnstown hosts grassland, woodland and ponds. Both are operated by

969-520: The Diocese of Chester was created and parishes in south Lancashire, Cheshire, Denbighshire and Flintshire were transferred to the new diocese. On 24 January 1837, the archdeaconry of Coventry was transferred to the Diocese of Worcester and the Bishop, see and diocese of Lichfield and Coventry all accordingly renamed Lichfield. In 1891 the Bishop of Coventry became a suffragan see (1891-1903), in 1918

1026-705: The Domesday Book (1086) it was part of the Earldom of Chester listed as part of the Cheshire Hundred of Duddestan ; Bettisfield was the largest settlement, with 28 households. The English Maelor is first recorded as a separate lordship from the Maelor in 1202. It was inherited by Gruffydd Maelor II in 1236 when his father, Madog ap Gruffydd Maelor , died and his kingdom was divided between his five sons. Gruffydd married Emma Audley of Shropshire , who

1083-577: The June 2017 election , as well as previous elections. In the 2021 Senedd election , Welsh Labour incumbents for the Senedd constituencies of Wrexham and Clwyd South covering the county borough were re-elected. In 2021, the council submitted bids for UK City of Culture 2025 on behalf of the county borough although later lost to Bradford , and a separate bid, submitted in December 2021, to award

1140-689: The border between Wales and England . River Alyn, a tributary of the Dee, flows in the north of the county borough. There are various small lakes in the county borough. While there are 3000 ponds, mainly concentrated in Hanmer , Maelor and Overton . There is a veteran tree , said to be over 1,000 years old, near Chirk, known as the Oak at the Gate of the Dead . There are also some caves under Esclusham Mountain to

1197-556: The communities of Chirk , Glyntraian , Llansantffraid Glyn Ceiriog and Ceiriog Ucha from the Glyndŵr district. Following formation in 1996, there were discussions over the boundary between the newly created principal areas of Denbighshire and Wrexham County Borough, in particular over the lower Dee Valley and Llangollen area. Llangollen , Llangollen Rural and Llantysillio were all considered to potentially all or partly become part of Wrexham County Borough. Referendums were held in

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1254-826: The Ceiriog Valley were from 1894 part of either the Chirk Rural District or Llansillin Rural District , until they were merged into the Ceiriog Rural District in 1935, and abolished in 1974 to become part of Clwyd 's Glyndŵr district . The Local Government Act 1958 formed the Local Government Commission for Wales tasked to review the potential reform of local government in Wales . In their 1963 report,

1311-687: The Ceiriog valley and English Maelor. Clywedog Trail spans for 5.5 miles (8.9 km) along the River Clywedog , from the Minera Lead Mines to King's Mills. Offa's Dyke Path passes through the county borough. Bonc-yr-Hafod and Stryt Las are both part of the Stryt Las a'r Hafod Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI). The principal area (styled as a "county borough") is governed by Wrexham County Borough Council ,

1368-537: The Lichfield and Walsall archdeaconries). The See of Shrewsbury was in existence from 1888 to 1905, then re-created in 1940; the See of Stafford was created in 1909, and the See of Wolverhampton in 1979. The diocesan area scheme was instituted in 1992. In 2022, it was announced that the suffragan See of Oswestry in the diocese would be used as a provincial episcopal visitor (for traditionalist Anglo-Catholic parishes in

1425-594: The Pope removed the archiepiscopal rank and restored the dioceses to the authority of Canterbury. In 803 the Council of Clovesho accepted this decision. During the 9th century, the diocese was devastated by the Vikings . Lichfield itself was unwalled and had become rather poor, so Bishop Peter moved the see to the fortified and wealthier Chester in 1075. His successor, Robert de Limesey , transferred it to Coventry and

1482-488: The UK's Office for National Statistics (and until 2020 Eurostat ). It is regarded to be in the North East Wales and North Wales non-administrative regions (and the associated regional bodies, such as North Wales Economic Ambition Board , North Wales Police , North Wales Fire and Rescue Service , Tourism Partnership North Wales , and Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board ). In Westminster, from

1539-582: The Welsh Assembly accepting the result by confirming the boundaries in 2002. On 1 September 2022, the county borough was awarded city status on behalf of Wrexham's application . Wrexham County Borough is a landlocked principal area in Wales. It is a "border county" in the Welsh Marches border region . It is bordered by the English counties of Cheshire to the east and Shropshire to

1596-471: The Welsh average of 59.3%. On 23 June 2016 in the 2016 EU referendum , the county borough voted 59% in favour of Leave . In the 2019 United Kingdom general election , Conservative candidates won the constituencies of Wrexham and Clwyd South for the first time in their existence. The constituencies were generally considered to be Labour heartlands part of its " red wall ", and were won by Labour in

1653-400: The area became part of Clwyd . Since Clwyd was itself abolished in 1996 under the Local Government (Wales) Act 1994 , the area has been administered as part of Wrexham County Borough . Remfry, P.M., Whittington Castle and the families of Bleddyn ap Cynfyn, Peverel, Maminot, Powys and Fitz Warin ( ISBN   1-899376-80-1 ) Diocese of Lichfield The Diocese of Lichfield is

1710-734: The area was part of the region occupied by the Cornovii , one of the Celtic tribes of ancient Britain, on the border with the Deceangli tribe across the River Dee to the west. Following Roman Britain, and the emergence of various petty kingdoms , the region was ruled within the Kingdom of Powys until falling to the Kingdom of Mercia by the late 8th century under Aethelbald . At the time of

1767-549: The commission rejected proposals for the establishment of Wrexham as a county borough . The borough of Wrexham, Wrexham Rural District (except Llangollen Rural and Llantysilio ), Marford and Hoseley (from Hawarden Rural District , Flintshire ) and the neighbouring Flintshire exclave of the Maelor Rural District , were abolished in 1974, all being absorbed into the Wrexham Maelor district of

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1824-464: The communities, with the community of Llangollen Rural , originally in Denbighshire in 1996, transferred to Wrexham County Borough in 1997 through the enacting of "The Denbighshire and Wrexham (Areas) Order 1996" on 1 April 1997. Referendums by Llangollen Town Council were held in 1993 and 2000, with the latter resulting in a narrow majority of nineteen votes for staying in Denbighshire, and

1881-486: The council's failure to adopt its local development plan . In March 2024, The Municipal Journal , stated that an investigation had begun into an allegation of malfeasance in office by Wrexham councillors, with both North Wales Police and the Welsh Government participating in the case. Wrexham County Borough is located in three constituencies, and their MPs are: electoral region Regional members of

1938-419: The council. Wrexham city has two main city parks, Bellevue Park , and Acton Park , there is also a city centre green in-front of the council's Guildhall . Rhosllanerchrugog and Ponciau have Ponciau Banks Park as their urban park. 87% of the population in the county borough is within two miles of the main parks in the county borough. The remaining areas are already largely rural, in particular

1995-858: The county borough to the west of Chirk, along the River Ceiriog and the surrounding Ceiriog Valley meets the Berwyn range and the Powys border. The highest point in the county borough is Craig Berwyn , rising 790 metres on the Wrexham-Powys border in the Berwyn range. There are two upland areas in the county borough, both located on its western edge. The Berwyn mountains , and the Ruabon and Esclusham Mountains . The Berwyns and Ruabon Mountain are designated SSSIs and SACs . The county borough

2052-539: The county borough's north-east corner. The north-west of the county borough, down to Chirk, is part of the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley AONB , and includes the Ruabon Moors uplands. Wrexham includes the remains of two significant medieval castles: Chirk , which is now a country house , and Holt , of which only fragments remain. The county borough has a strong industrial history; a notable early business

2109-528: The county borough, including the River Dee , Ceiriog , Alyn and Clywedog , as well as important streams. The River Dee is the main river in the county borough, flowing from Denbighshire in the west into the county borough passing Froncysyllte , under Pontcysyllte Aqueduct , and passing Chirk, until it flows north-east towards England, cutting off the county borough's south-east salient of Maelor Saesneg (meaning "English Maelor") and later forming part of

2166-410: The county borough, lower than the national average of 14%. The main settlement of the county borough is the city of Wrexham with 44,785 inhabitants in 2021. Its neighbouring villages include Gwersyllt , Rhostyllen , Brymbo , Bradley and New Broughton . These, along with Wrexham, formed Wales' fourth largest urban area with 65,692 inhabitants in 2011. The sole other town in the county borough

2223-563: The county borough. Other pathways include the Dee Way Walk, and Maelor Way . The Fenn's, Whixall and Bettisfield Mosses National Nature Reserve is located in the south-east of the county borough along the Wrexham-Shropshire border. The county borough is largely urban and industrial surrounding Wrexham, but largely rural for the rest of the county borough, with areas of farmland and rural estates. Woodlands cover 9.4% of

2280-526: The diocese was renamed the Diocese of Coventry and Lichfield . At this stage it also covered Derbyshire and most of Warwickshire . In 1539 the see was transferred back to Lichfield and the name was reversed to become the Diocese of Lichfield and Coventry . The diocese was one of the largest in medieval England and was divided into five archdeaconries roughly coinciding with the constituent counties or parts of counties: Chester (covering Cheshire and south Lancashire), Coventry, Derby, Salop and Stafford. In 1541

2337-464: The largely contiguous borders surrounding the city of Wrexham, sometimes defined as Maelor Gymraeg (meaning "Welsh Maelor "). To the south-east of the city, across the River Dee, the English Maelor ( Welsh : Maelor Saesneg ; a former part of Historic Flintshire ) extends to almost meet the English town of Whitchurch, Shropshire and Fenn's Moss . To the south-west, a large salient of

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2394-499: The largest group with 23 members but falling short of a majority, leaving the council in no overall control . Since 2017, the principal council has been operated by a coalition of local independents , the "Wrexham Independents" group and the Conservatives . Following the 2022 election, on 11 May 2022, local independents and the separately organised "Wrexham Independents" merged into a 21-member "Independent Group", and formed

2451-543: The remainder was renamed the archdeaconry of Lichfield . In 1997 another part of the archdeaconry (of Lichfield) was removed to form the new archdeaconry of Walsall , covering Trysull, Walsall, Wednesbury, West Bromwich and Wolverhampton. The bishop diocesan is assisted by the area bishops of Shrewsbury (responsible for the Salop archdeaconry), Stafford (responsible for the Stoke archdeaconry), and Wolverhampton (responsible for

2508-484: The rule of Henry VIII , the area became an exclave of the county of Flintshire , surrounded by Cheshire, Shropshire and Denbighshire, as the Hundred of Maelor, later often called "Flintshire Detached". The Welsh Maelor, or Maelor Gymraeg , was included in Denbighshire. The English Maelor's market town and administrative centre was Overton : its constituent parts were the parishes of Bangor on Dee and Worthenbury ,

2565-506: The sanitary conditions, in particular the threat of cholera , in the growing town of Wrexham, led to locals launching a petition in February 1857 for the town to be incorporated . In September 1857, the town was granted a charter , spanning the two townships of the town, Wrexham Abbot and Wrexham Regis, as well as part of Esclusham Below, and forming the borough of Wrexham , with a borough council (a corporation ) and mayor under

2622-559: The south and south-east, and the Welsh counties of Flintshire to the north, Denbighshire to the west, and Powys to the south-west. Parts of the Berwyn range and Maesyrchen Mountains , some part of the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty since 2011 , border the county borough to its west. To the east across the River Dee, the county borough meets the Cheshire Plain . The county borough's boundaries can be characterised by two protrusions from

2679-510: The south-west incorporates most of the Ceiriog Valley and includes part of the Berwyn range . The River Ceiriog forms part of the Shropshire border in its lower stages before meeting the Dee east of Chirk. The Dee itself enters the county borough near Cefn Mawr and flows east and then north-east toward Cheshire, creating a wide plain. It forms part of the border before fully entering England at

2736-767: The terms of the Municipal Corporations Act 1835 . During incorporation the town was also given a coat of arms . Between 1894 and 1974, as part of Denbighshire ; the remaining civil parishes surrounding but excluding the town were part of the Wrexham Rural District , civil parishes in the Maelor region were part of the Overton Rural District , renamed Maelor Rural District in 1953. Whereas civil parishes in Chirk and

2793-479: The then administrative county of Clwyd . Chirk and the Ceiriog Valley were part of the Glyndŵr district. Clwyd itself was abolished in 1996 as an administrative county, becoming a preserved county for ceremonial lieutenancy purposes. Wrexham was established as a county borough (a principal area ; same powers as counties in Wales) in 1996, containing all of the former Clwyd district of Wrexham Maelor, and

2850-456: The then town of Wrexham the status of a city for the civic honours awarded for the 2022 Platinum Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II , which it later won. It was the only city bid from Wales , and Wrexham has applied for city status three other times, in 2000 , 2002 and 2012 , with the 2012 bid lost to St Asaph , Denbighshire. City status was awarded to the "County Borough of Wrexham" on behalf of Wrexham on 1 September 2022. In November 2021,

2907-493: The three townships of Overton Villa, Overton Foreign and Knolton in the parish of Overton, Penley township from the Shropshire parish of Ellesmere, Iscoyd township in the Shropshire parish of Malpas , and Wallington, Halghton , Tybroughton , Bronington , Hanmer and Bettisfield townships in the parish of Hanmer . In 1887, a Boundary Commission was appointed to review these nationally. At an inquiry at Overton, it

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2964-723: The west of the county borough, with caves such as: Ogof Dydd Byraf and Ogof Llyn Parc . There are eleven urban and country parks in the county borough operated by Wrexham council . These include all the country parks, three urban parks in Wrexham and Ponciau, as well as the Nant Mill Visitor Centre and Brynkinalt Park . The seven country parks in the county borough are: Alyn Waters , Bonc-yr-Hafod , Erddig Park , Minera Leadmines , Moss Valley , Stryt Las Park , and Tŷ Mawr . There are two country house estates with significant areas of parkland and woodland, those being at Brynkinalt (near Chirk; with

3021-525: The western half of the Province of Canterbury who reject the ministry of women). On 2 February 2023, Paul Thomas became the first Bishop of Oswestry and was consecrated a bishop. There are also two retired bishops resident in (or near) the diocese who are licensed to serve as honorary assistant bishops : 52°41′08″N 1°49′50″W  /  52.6855°N 1.8305°W  / 52.6855; -1.8305 Wrexham County Borough Wrexham County Borough ( Welsh : Bwrdeistref Sirol Wrecsam )

3078-563: Was created by Diuma in around 656 and the see was settled in Lichfield in 669 by the then bishop, Ceadda (later Saint Chad), who built a monastery there. At the Council of Chelsea in 787, Bishop Higbert was raised to the rank of archbishop and given authority over the dioceses of Worcester , Leicester , Lindsey , Hereford , Elmham and Dunwich . This was due to the persuasion of King Offa of Mercia, who wanted an archbishop to rival Canterbury . On Offa's death in 796, however,

3135-558: Was found that most of the population favoured becoming part of Shropshire , and this was later supported by resolution of the Flintshire justices of the peace. However, when local government legislation was introduced no change was made. Under the Local Government Act 1894 the area became Overton Rural District . The administrative county of Flintshire was abolished in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972 , and

3192-440: Was inherited from the town of Wrexham, which was granted to the then town in September 1857. The area includes a portion of the eastern half of the historic county of Denbighshire and two exclaves of historic Flintshire : English Maelor and the parish of Marford and Hoseley . The county borough is in the East Wales ITL 2 (formerly NUTS 2 ) and "Flintshire and Wrexham" ITL 3 (formerly NUTS 3 ) statistical regions by

3249-505: Was subsequently dispossessed of the lands by Llywelyn the Great on the death of Gruffudd in 1269. Llywelyn ap Gruffudd surrendered the English Maelor to Edward I in 1282 following military campaigns; he then awarded it to Queen Eleanor . In 1309, under Edward II , it was granted to Queen Isabella . In 1397, under Richard II of England , it merged with the County Palatine of Chester to form "the Principality of Chester " restored to an earldom from 1398 by Henry IV . In 1536, under

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