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Eduard

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Eduard Model Accessories is a Czech manufacturer of plastic models and finescale model accessories.

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49-408: Formed in 1989 in the city of Most , Eduard began in a rented cellar as a manufacturer of photoetched brass model components. Following the success of their early products, the company branched off into plastic models in 1993. As of 2006, Eduard's product line contained some 30 plastic kits and more than 800 individual photoetch detail sets. To the plastic modeller community at large, Eduard has become

98-538: A rump state for the following year. The Emperor declared direct imperial rule in both Austria and the Duchy of Styria , also held by the fleeing Duke. Ekbert von Andechs-Meranien, former Bishop of Bamberg was installed as governor in the two Duchies. Ekbert would govern from February to his death on 5 June 1237. Wenceslaus was hardly pleased with this apparent expansion of direct imperial authority close to his borders. Wenceslaus and Duke Frederick formed an alliance against

147-569: A 500 seat auditorium and was called Divadlo Pracujících ("Theatre of the Working People") until 1990. Three universities have detached workplaces in Most: Czech University of Life Sciences Prague , VSB – Technical University of Ostrava , and University of Finance and Administration . The local football club FK Baník Most 1909 existed for more than 100 years and used to play in the top tier of Czech football, but it

196-518: A group of princes who expressed their reluctance to divert any troops from the defense of their own territories, citing fear of invasion from the Duchy of Austria . They requested imperial intervention in the situation. In June 1236, the Emperor imposed an imperial ban on the Duke of Austria. Troops dispatched against the Duke forced him to flee Vienna for Wiener Neustadt . He would continue to rule

245-642: A household word in the field of photoetched parts, and their products are available worldwide. Eduard aircraft kits range from World War I to the present day. Some notable ones include: most of the famous World War I fighters are: Fokker D.VII , Pfalz D.III , Albatros D.III and the Sopwith Pup , while World War II had the: Yakovlev Yak-3 , Hawker Hurricane , Spitfire and the Messerschmitt Bf 109 , all in various sizes in 1:32 , 1:48 , 1:72 and 1:144 . Their older kits are of good quality, but

294-426: A successful invasion of Austria, completed by 1251. Wenceslaus released Ottokar II and named him Margrave of Moravia. Wenceslaus had Ottokar proclaimed Duke of Austria and acclaimed by the nobility. In order to secure dynastic rights to Austria, Wenceslaus had another female Babenberg proclaimed Duchess and betrothed to his son. Margaret, Duchess of Austria , was a sister of Duke Frederick II and an aunt of Gertrude. She

343-409: Is Most Lake , created in 2008–2012. With an area of 309.4 ha (765 acres), it is the second largest artificial lake in the country. It is mainly used for sports and recreation. The second notable lake in the centre of Most is Matylda Lake, also used for sports and recreation. It was infused in 1992 and has an area of 38.7 ha (96 acres). The first written mention of Most is from 1040, when it

392-503: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Most (city) Most ( Czech pronunciation: [most] ; German : Brüx ) is a city in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic . It has about 64,000 inhabitants. Most is an industrial city with a long tradition of lignite mining. Due to mining, the historic city was demolished and replaced by a planned city. In locations where mining has ended, Most

441-561: Is an example of successful landscape revitalization. Most is made up of eight city parts and villages: Most, Starý Most, Čepirohy, Komořany, Rudolice , Souš, Velebudice and Vtelno. The name Most means 'bridge' in Czech . It first appeared as translation of the German name "Brüx" (derived from the German word for 'bridge', Brücke ). The city was named after the system of bridges that crossed

490-399: Is known for Autodrom Most , a race track for motorsport opened in 1983. Aquadrom Most is a water park located in the centre of Most. Hněvín Castle belongs to the main landmarks of the city. After the original castle was demolished in 1651–1653, the current romantic castle was built as a copy of it. Its main part is a stone lookout tower, built in 1900. The most important monument is

539-529: The Chanov housing estate . Most lies on the edge of the Most Basin and is an important lignite -mining region. Since the discovery of huge reserves of coal, the city has been shaped by mining. It caused an influx of residents and the development of other industries, but it also caused the destruction of historic parts of the city. The mining industry still employs hundreds of people; the largest employer in

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588-749: The Mongol Empire as part of the Mongol invasion of Europe . The Mongols raided the Kingdom of Poland , Silesia and Moravia , led by Baidar , Kadan and Orda Khan with a force of around 20,000 Mongols, causing much destruction. During the Mongol invasion of Poland, Duke Henry II the Pious of Silesia, Wenceslaus' brother in law, initially asked his help in fighting off the Mongols. However, as Wenceslaus

637-497: The Reichstag at Eger , abandoning the service of excommunicated Emperor Frederick II. Despite their intent to elect an anti-king , no such election would take place until 1246. In 1246, Henry Raspe, Landgrave of Thuringia , was elected King of Germany in opposition to Emperor Frederick II and Conrad IV of Germany . In 1241 Wenceslaus successfully repelled a raid on Bohemia by forces serving under Batu Khan and Subutai of

686-527: The 16th century, the crisis was deepened by crop failures, loans to the king, plague, famine, further fires and Turkish wars. Most went into debt and paid off the debts for the next hundred years. In 1595, the city bought the Hněvín Castle from Emperor Rudolf II and other estates. In 1639–1648, during the Thirty Years' War , the city was occupied by Swedish troops because of the Hněvín Castle. After

735-531: The Assumption of the Virgin Mary was saved. The destruction of the historic city began in 1965 and was finished in 1985. Simultaneously with the start of mining, a new city began to emerge, with the first building finished in 1971. Newly built, standardized blocks of flats ( paneláks ) followed brutalist architecture common for that era. The destruction of Most brought monetary profit to the state as coal

784-471: The Emperor. Frederick the Emperor chose to lift the ban in 1237 rather than maintain another open front. Wenceslaus managed to negotiate the expansion of Bohemia north of the Danube , annexing territories offered by Duke Frederick in order of forming and maintaining their alliance. Wenceslaus and Frederick also found another ally in the person of Otto II, Duke of Bavaria . In June 1239, Wenceslaus and Otto left

833-530: The Gothic Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary . It was built in 1517–1602, after the old city church was destroyed by a huge fire in 1515. The church became famous when it was moved 841.1 m (2,760 ft) away to the newly constructed town in 1975, due to the demolition of the historic centre of the old town. The move took 28 days to complete with an average speed of 2.16 cm (0.85 in) per minute. The Czechoslovak government took pride in

882-728: The Regional Museum in Most, Neorenaissance fountain, plague column with the sculptural group of St. Anne, set of Stations of the Cross , and Jewish cemetery in Souš. Most was nationwide popularized by successful TV series Most! (2018). It used to be a popular location for filming foreign war films, particularly as period buildings could be realistically exploded for the cameras. Several films were shot here, including The Bridge at Remagen (1969), Slaughterhouse-Five (1972), All Quiet on

931-548: The Thirty Years' War, the city lost much of its economic and political significance. So that the castle would no longer be a reason to besiege the city, the inhabitants of Most asked Emperor Ferdinand III to demolish the castle. The demolition took place in 1651–1653. Huge reserves of coal were discovered in the 18th century. Most was affected by the Silesian Wars when the city had to pay war contributions. After

980-736: The Western Front (1979) and Battle of Moscow (1985), and Czech films The Joke (1969), Something Like Happiness (2005), Dolls (2007) and ROMing (2007). Most is twinned with: Wenceslaus I of Bohemia Wenceslaus I ( Czech : Václav I. ; c. 1205 – 23 September 1253), called One-Eyed , was King of Bohemia from 1230 to 1253. Wenceslaus was a son of Ottokar I of Bohemia and his second wife Constance of Hungary . In 1224, Wenceslaus married Kunigunde of Hohenstaufen , third daughter of Philip of Swabia , King of Germany , and his wife Irene Angelina . Wenceslaus encouraged large numbers of Germans to settle in

1029-541: The Zderaz Monastery, but King Wenceslaus I used the right of escheat and took Most from the monastery. Hněvín Castle was built on the site of the old stronghold in 1238–1248. After 1240, Most acquired the character of a town. It was first referred to as a town in 1247. In the mid-13th century, it was promoted to a royal city. King Ottokar II granted the city further privileges in 1273. The city developed rapidly and benefited from its advantageous location near

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1078-531: The annexation of the Duchy. The Privilegium Minus , the document which had elevated Austria to a Duchy on 17 September 1156, allowed for the female line of the House of Babenberg to succeed to the throne. Gertrude, Duchess of Austria , niece of the late Frederick II, thus was able to claim the Duchy in her own right. Wenceslaus arranged for her marriage to his eldest son, Vladislaus, Margrave of Moravia . Vladislaus

1127-408: The city is Czech Coal Group . The Komořany power plant is linked to coal mining. It is a large lignite power plant with a total installed electrical output of 239 MWe , built in 1955–1958. In addition to mining, heavy industry and chemistry were developed in Most, but in the 21st century they are replaced by services in the composition of the city's economy. The mining segment operates not only in

1176-675: The city was administered as a part of the Regierungsbezirk Aussig of the Reichsgau Sudetenland . In 1944, there was a subcamp of the Flossenbürg concentration camp providing forced labor in coal mines outside Most. The prisoners were mostly Poles . Most was repeatedly bombed during the Oil Campaign of World War II . The Germans also operated a Gestapo prison in the city. After the war, Most

1225-471: The city withstood the Hussite siege. Most recovered thanks to the trade route of international importance and thanks to the start of iron ore mining in the nearby Ore Mountains . In 1515, the worst fire in its history hit the city, damaging the church from 1253–1257 and the town hall. Construction of the new church began in 1517, and the new Renaissance city hall was built before 1553. In the second half of

1274-399: The city's economic conditions were consolidated in the second half of the 18th century, Most was affected by the passage of Napoleon 's army at the beginning of the 19th century. In the first half of the 19th century, the medieval wall were demolished. In 1820, Most was hit by another big fire. At the beginning of the 19th century, mining of lignite was started. Industrialization began and

1323-452: The culture of jousting and tournaments and the enjoyment of courtly poetry and songs. His government is associated with the establishment of Czech statehood, an increase of Czech political influence in Europe, the rise of Czech nobility, and continued development of urban life, trade and crafts. Wenceslas, like his father and son, supported the arrival of ethnic Germans into the country. He

1372-412: The form of coal mining, but also in the framework of extensive land rehabilitation . The cultivation of wine and fruit was also restored. The recultivation of the landscape in the vicinity of Most is unique and appreciated as an effective and sensitive revitalization of the landscape, which is a model for further recultivations. The ouskirts of Most have become attractive for tourism. Most is located on

1421-476: The kingdom's borders and on an important road. During the reign of next kings, the city continued to prosper. In 1321, 1334, 1395 and 1455, the city was damaged by fires. In 1374, Charles IV granted Most the vineyard right, wine has probably been produced here since the 12th century. In the mid-14th century, the city walls were finished. The prosperity ended with the Hussite Wars but in both 1421 and 1424

1470-752: The mobility of the Mongolian cavalry. When a Mongol vanguard assaulted Kłodzko , the Bohemian cavalry easily defeated them in the mountain passes. After their failure against Wenceslaus' army, the Mongols led by Baidar and Kadan turned away from Bohemia and Poland and went southward to reunite with Batu and Subutai in Hungary , who had won a pyrrhic victory over the Hungarians at the Battle of Mohi . When Subutai heard in 1242 that Grand Khan Ögedei had died

1519-686: The move of the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, the churches found themselves next to each other. Today the Church of the Holy Spirit has been desecrated and exhibitions and classical music concerts take place in its premises. In Vtelno is the Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross. It was built in the Baroque style in 1736–1738. Among the other monuments are the building of

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1568-536: The newer releases such as the Spitfire IXs and MiG-21s in their "Profipack" releases (including a brassin set, photoetched detail set and painting masks, along with other goodies) are acquiring a reputation as good as or better than the newer Tamiya and Hasegawa kits. This article about a corporation or company involved in entertainment, leisure, sports and/or tourism is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Czech Republic -related article

1617-544: The previous year, the Mongol army retreated eastward, because Subutai had three princes of the blood in his command and Genghis Khan had made clear that all descendants of the Khagan (Grand Khan) should return to the Mongol capital of Karakorum for the kurultai which would elect the next Khagan. Such was Wenceslaus' success against the invaders that chroniclers sent messages to Emperor Frederick II of his "victorious defense". On 15 June 1246, Frederick II, Duke of Austria ,

1666-602: The railway lines Prague – Cheb , Kadaň – Děčín and Rakovník – Osek . In addition to the main railway station, the Most-Kopisty and Třebušice stops are also located in the municipal territory. The city operates a transport company together with the neighbouring town of Litvínov . In addition to buses, there is also the Most–Litvínov tramway network . The Repre House of Culture (originally called "Regional House of Culture of Miners and Energy Workers") started in 1972 but

1715-517: The rebellion, during which he received the nickname "the younger King" (mladší král). Wenceslaus managed to defeat the rebels and imprisoned his son. Ottokar II held the title of King of Bohemia from 31 July 1248 to November 1249. By the end of 1250, both the Emperor and Herman VI were deceased. The latter having never been accepted by the Austrian nobles, Gertrude and their only son Frederick I, Margrave of Baden continued their claim. Wenceslaus led

1764-502: The relocation of this religious structure, and the building was mentioned in the Golden Guinness Book Of World Records as the heaviest building ever moved on wheels. The oldest preserved building in Most is the Church of the Holy Spirit. It was probably built in the 1320s and first documented in 1351. The church is small, but it is very valuable due to its preservation and pure Gothic style. After

1813-495: The swamps in this area in the 10th century. Most is located about 33 kilometres (21 mi) southwest of Ústí nad Labem and 70 km (43 mi) northwest of Prague . It lies on the border between the Most Basin and Central Bohemian Uplands . The highest point is the hill Ressl at 413 m (1,355 ft) above sea level. The Bílina River flows through the city. There are several artificial lakes created during land rehabilitation after coal mining. The largest of them

1862-514: The turning point was the construction of the railway in 1870, which brought connection with coal outlets. The last quarter of the 19th century saw a rapid increase in the number of inhabitants and newly built apartments, and there was an influx of the Czech population. A sugar factory, a porcelain factory, a steel factory, a brewery and a city museum were built. In 1938, Most was annexed by Nazi Germany . Under German occupation from 1938 until 1945,

1911-530: The villages and towns in Bohemia and Moravia . Stone buildings began to replace wooden ones in Prague as a result of the influence of the new settlers. Wenceslaus and Kunigunde had five known children: On 6 February 1228, Wenceslaus was crowned as co-ruler of the Kingdom of Bohemia with his father. On 15 December 1230, Ottokar died and Wenceslaus succeeded him as the senior King of Bohemia. His early reign

1960-411: Was also the widow of Henry (VII) of Germany , who had died in 1242. However, Margaret was much older than Ottokar. Their marriage took place on 11 February 1252. Wenceslaus did not enjoy his victory for long. He died on 23 September 1253 and Ottokar II succeeded him. Under the reign of Wenceslas I of Bohemia, the royal court came to cultivate lifestyles typical of contemporary Western Europe, including

2009-472: Was coming to his aid in Legnica with a force of 5000 soldiers, impatience forced Henry II to attack the Mongols without Bohemia's help which resulted in the devastating Battle of Legnica . Following the Mongol victory, Wenceslaus fell back to protect Bohemia. He gathered reinforcements from Thuringia and Saxony along the way, before taking refuge in Bohemia's mountainous countries whose terrain would reduce

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2058-455: Was declared a jure uxoris Duke of Austria and managed to secure the support of part of the Austrian nobility. On 3 January 1247, Vladislaus died suddenly and the initial plan of Wenceslaus was negated. Gertrude continued her claim and proceeded to marry Herman VI, Margrave of Baden . In 1248, Wenceslaus had to deal with a rebellion of the Bohemian nobility, led by his own son Ottokar II . Ottokar had been enticed by discontented nobles to lead

2107-503: Was disestablished in 2016. The city is now represented by FK Baník Most-Souš, playing in the 3rd tier of Czech football. Most Hippodrome is located in the Velebudice part of Most. The city hosts eight horse racing days per year, and is thus one of the leading horse racing locations in the region. The area with the race track was created during the reclamation of the landscape and is also used for other sports and cultural events. Most

2156-756: Was killed in the Battle of the Leitha River against Béla IV of Hungary . His death ended reign of the Babenberg dynasty in Austria. The matter of his succession would result in years of disputes among various heirs. Wenceslaus' foreign policy became focused on acquiring Austria for the Přemyslid dynasty . Meanwhile, Emperor Frederick II managed to once again place Austria under direct imperial rule. However imperial governor Otto von Eberstein had to contend with an Austrian rebellion, preventing immediate benefits from

2205-592: Was mentioned in Latin Chronica Boemorum as Gnevin Pons ("Hněvín Bridge"). From the end of the 12th century, the Hrabišic dynasty began to colonize the territory and established here a stronghold. Most was originally a market village at the crossroads of old trade routes. After 1210, the villages was moved to the other bank of the river Bílina. In 1227 Kojata, the last Hrabišic, passed his property to

2254-514: Was mined in the locality for an estimated 3 billion CSK . Construction of the new City Hall began in 1972 and was completed in 1977 after construction delays. The Ležáky coal mine in the place of the historic Most was closed in 1999. Most Lake was created in that location, by filling the former coal mine by water from the Ohře River. It was opened to the public in 2020. Most has a significant Romani people community, concentrated especially in

2303-499: Was not completed until 2 June 1984. It includes a planetarium located on the roof sphere, a cinema and numerous rooms and halls. The city sold the building to the private sector in 2010 and has been subject to numerous replacement and refurbishment proposals. The new theatre was planned for the new city centre from the late 1960s but construction didn't commence until 1979 and was opened on 7 November 1985. Designed by Ivo Klimeš following his completion winning design in 1969, it features

2352-548: Was preoccupied by the threat to Bohemia posed by Frederick II, Duke of Austria . The expansionism of Frederick caused the concern and protestation of several other rulers. In 1236, Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II was involved in a war against the Lombard League . The Emperor demanded Wenceslaus and other rulers of the Holy Roman Empire to lend him part of their own troops for his war effort. Wenceslaus led

2401-658: Was restored to Czechoslovakia. German population was expelled in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement and the city was resettled by Czechs . In 1964, the Czechoslovak Communist government decided to demolish the historic Most due to the expansion of coal mining, including the Gothic city centre, the brewery founded in 1470, the 1910 theatre, and the cemetery established in 1853. Only the Church of

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