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30-825: Born in Oneglia (today part of the city of Imperia ), he went to the Military Academy of Modena , and became an Army officer in the new Kingdom of Italy . Edmondo fought in the battle of Custoza during the Third Italian War of Independence , a defeat of Savoy forces against the Austrian Empire ; the spectacle left him disappointed, and contributed to his later decision to leave military life. In Florence , he wrote his first sketches dealing with his frontline experience, collected as La vita militare ("Military Life", 1868), and first published by

60-580: A major port and the Savoyards and Genoese struggled for control of Oneglia during the Second Genoese-Savoyard War . Oneglia resisted Napoleon during his invasion of Italy . As a reward, it was made seat of the province in 1814 but in 1860 became part of the province of Porto Maurizio until 1923. 43°53′N 8°02′E  /  43.883°N 8.033°E  / 43.883; 8.033 This Liguria location article

90-473: A meeting at the " St. Bartholomew Oratory (Bordighera) " to build what came to be called "Magnifica comunità degli otto luoghi" (in English "The magnificent community of the eight locations"). The goal of this meeting was to unite and gain independence from the nearby rival city of Ventimiglia . In 1797 Bordighera lost its independence completely and became part of the "Palms Jurisdiction", a region including all

120-521: A name that stuck: "Queen of the Palm Trees". He also noted that the "Grand Hotel de Bordighera" hosted Empress Eugenie in the autumn of 1886. In the 1890s, the Irish naturalist and early modernist writer Emily Lawless visited Bordighera a number of times, studying the local flora. In 1894, she wrote the essay "Two Leaves from a Note-Book" about a trip to Bordighera, describing the stunning changes in

150-616: A visit to Bordighera. The novel Call Me by Your Name is set in and around Bordighera. Also the novel The Last Train from Liguria by Christine Dwyer Hickey , set during the Fascist era. The typical dishes of Bordighera are part of the Ligurian cuisine. These are the most widespread dishes: The local economy is mainly based on tourism; the beauty of the area and the mild climate attract tourists as well as artists. The production of olives and their derivate products such as olive oil

180-517: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Bordighera Bordighera ( Italian pronunciation: [bordiˈɡɛːra] ; Ligurian : A Bordighea , locally A Burdighea ) is a town and comune in the Province of Imperia , Liguria ( Italy ). Bordighera is located 20 kilometres (12 mi) from the land border between Italy and France , the French coast is visible from

210-548: Is a former town in northern Italy on the Ligurian coast, in 1923 joined to Porto Maurizio to form the Comune of Imperia . The name is still used for the suburb. The Imperia Oneglia railway station was closed in 2016, due to the new organization of the city, which provides a new station in the middle core of the city of Imperia, just to make easier the connection between Porto Maurizio and Oneglia. This specific point of

240-694: The Axis powers . In July 1947, Evita Peron visited Bordighera and, in order to honour her visit the seaside promenade was named Lungomare Argentina. The road is 2,300m long, which makes it the longest promenade on the Riviera. Bordighera was the first town in Europe to grow date palms, and its citizens still have the exclusive right to provide the Vatican with palm fronds for Easter celebrations. The Scottish writer George MacDonald lived and worked for parts of

270-477: The Republic of Genoa , which fought for the territory in the 16th century. The small village was quickly transformed into a fortified town and gained importance until it became independent from the rival city of Ventimiglia in 1683. On 20 April 1686, the representants of eight villages, Camporosso , Vallebona , Vallecrosia , San Biagio della Cima , Sasso , Soldano , Borghetto San Nicolò and Bordighera had

300-631: The bishop of Albenga . The Doria Family purchased Oneglia and Porto Maurizio in 1298. The Dorias ruled the town until the 16th century (there were some brief interludes in which the Doria did not rule the town during this time). One of the Dorias, Andrea Doria , was born in Oneglia in 1466. In 1576 Oneglia became part of the domain of the House of Savoy . The Savoyards attempted to develop Oneglia as

330-967: The Italian public schools. Some literary critics noted it substituted the traditional Roman Catholic doctrine with a lay civil religion where heroes took the place of Christian martyrs , the Statuto Albertino displaced the Gospels , the Church, its believers and the Ten Commandments were respectively deleted in favour of the State, the figure of the citizen and the protection of the Italian codes of laws. The Grand Orient of Italy recognized De Amicis as one of his most notable past members. The nationalist message visible in De Amicis' works

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360-575: The best description of the city in the 19th century, was published in 2005, with a foreword by Umberto Eco . Heart was issued by Treves on 17 October 1886, then the first day of school in Italy . Its success was immense: in a few months it was printed in 40 Italian editions and translated into dozens of languages. Its praise for the creation of the united Italian state in the previous decade contributed to its reception, but also led to criticism from some Roman Catholic politicians for failing to depict

390-518: The city, in the early 1930 was the hearth of the Liguria 's economy, due to the important oil commerce that was pretty consistent at that time. Oneglia became a papal domain in the 8th century after the Lombards transferred control of the town to the pope . Oneglia suffered from a Muslim attack during this time. However, it later recovered as the town of Ripa Uneliae , and was governed by

420-527: The frigates accompanying Armada fired on the town. The next change of power in the region came in 1815 when the whole of Liguria was annexed to the Kingdom of Sardinia after the Congress of Vienna . The Napoleonic influence, however, remained and continued to influence the area. A good example of this is the "La Corniche" road which Napoleon Bonaparte had wanted, and which reached Bordighera, facilitating

450-526: The journal of the Ministry of Defense , L'Italia Militare . In 1870, he joined the staff of the journal La Nazione in Rome , and his correspondence at the time later served as base for his travel writings: Spagna (1873), Olanda (1874), Ricordi di Londra (1874), Marocco (1876), Constantinople (1878), Ricordi di Parigi (1879). A new edition of Costantinople , considered by many his masterpiece and

480-466: The land and create a structured society. The area was particularly prosperous during Roman times because it was situated on the via Julia Augusta in the 1st century BC. After the fall of the Roman Empire , the village was abandoned because of the frequent attacks by pirates. The name of the city appears for the first time as "Burdigheta" in 1296, in a papal Bill of by Pope Boniface VIII, but it

510-404: The land from Ventimiglia to Arma di Taggia with Sanremo as its capital. On 23 July 1813, French shore batteries fired on HMS  Armada when the seas pushed Armada into range. Armada landed her marines who captured the eastern battery and then entered the battery on the point of Bordighero after the French had tried to blow it up. The landing party took fire from the nearby town so

540-601: The landscape during and after a drought. In 1918 the Bordighera War Cemetery was built to commemorate fallen British soldiers who died in the area during the First World War . It was designed by Sir Robert Lorimer . On 12 February 1941, the prime minister of the time, Benito Mussolini met Francisco Franco in Bordighera in order to discuss Spain's entry into World War II on the side of

570-405: The movement of people and goods and boosting the development of what was once called "Borgo Marina" and today constitutes Bordighera. The old town is simply called Old Bordighera or Upper Bordighera due to its position over the hill (in Italian "Bordighera Vecchia" or "Bordighera Alta"). The Golden Age of the city came in the 19th century when the lower city was built next to the "Corniche" road and

600-708: The nature of the Holy See 's opposition to the annexation of Rome . Initiated to the Scottish Rite Freemasonry , possibly in the regular Masonic Lodge Concordia in Montevideo , Uruguay, De Amicis held the public greeting speech in honor of the mason Giovanni Bovio during the first representation of his theatral drama titled San Paolo , interpreted by the Italian actor and mason Giovanni Emanuel . His book Cuore has been considered for decades an educative textbook largely read and studied in

630-525: The population of Bordighera is aged 50 or more. It normally rains more than a month. It seems that Bordighera has been inhabited since the Palaeolithic era, as archaeologists have found signs of human activities in the caves along the Italian and French coast. In the 6th century BC came the Ligures, from whom the name of the region, "Liguria" in Italian, is derived. They were the first people to alter

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660-490: The railway station was opened, allowing travel from Paris to Bordighera in only 24 hours, which at the time was remarkably fast. With the opening of the Calais-Rome Express railway on 8 December 1883, travel times got even shorter and 24 hours would be enough to travel from London to Bordighera. In 1887, Stéphen Liégeard , in his famous book "La Cote d’Azur", dedicated several pages to Bordighera and gave it

690-567: The same time, he contributed to the Turin -based Il Grido del Popolo - his articles were collected as Questione sociale ("Social Issues", 1894). De Amicis died in Bordighera at the "Hotel de la Reine", which he chose because it was George MacDonald 's Casa Coraggio, Bordighera . His last years were marked by tragedy and spent in reclusion; he was marked by his mother's death, and the frequent conflicts with his wife - ultimately, these were

720-656: The sea which attracted English tourists. Touristic interest in Bordighera seems to have been sparked by a novel from Giovanni Ruffini , Il Dottor Antonio , which was published in 1855 in Edinburgh and featured the town. In 1860, five years after the famous novel Il Dottor Antonio was published, Bordighera's first hotel was opened, then called in French "Hotel d’Angleterre", now known as Villa Eugenia, at Via Vittorio Emanuele 218. The hotel hosted its first famous resident in 1861, British Prime Minister Lord John Russell, 1st Earl Russell , grandfather of Bertrand Russell . In 1873,

750-484: The source of an even greater emotional shock for De Amicis, as they led to his son Furio's suicide (as schoolchildren, Furio and his brother Ugo had served as inspiration for Heart ). Alberto Brambilla of Sorbonne University wrote that "historians of Italian literature consider him a “minor author" but that the publication of Constantinople was evidence that he was "one best-known Italian authors abroad". Oneglia Oneglia ( Ligurian : Inêia or Ineja )

780-442: The town and surrounding area. Other famous British-Italians who wintered and were buried here were the writer Cecilia Maria de Candia and her husband Godfrey Pearse. Cecilia, a writer, novelist and herbalist researcher, spent seasons writing in residence and eventually retiring at her cottage in this community until her final days. The Anglo-Irish writer Elizabeth Bowen wrote her first novel, The Hotel , published in 1927, after

810-613: The town. Having the Capo Sant'Ampelio, which protrudes into the sea, it is the southernmost commune of the region. The cape is at around the same latitude as Pisa and features a little church built in the 11th century for Sant'Ampelio, the patron saint of the city. Since Bordighera is built where the Maritime Alps plunge into the sea, it benefits from the Foehn effect which creates a special microclimate with warmer winters. Most of

840-564: The year in Bordighera. His house was an important cultural centre for the British colony. He is buried at the churchyard of the former Anglican church. John Goodchild also ran a medical practice here for a number of years. It was here that he bought the blue bowl which he later took to Glastonbury . Jane Morris , the wife of William Morris stayed in Bordighera in the winters of 1881, 1885, 1887 and 1892. Claude Monet stayed in Bordighera for three months in 1884 and painted numerous pictures of

870-598: Was only in 1470 that some families from nearby villages, such as the Borghetto San Nicolò, decided to return to Bordighera to live. By then, Moorish pirates became rarer and rarer, but some particularly cruel raids still occasionally happened, such as the one by the pirate Hayreddin Barbarossa in 1543. With these attacks diminishing, the strategic importance of the area became obvious to the Dukes of Savoy and

900-739: Was soon fused with a commitment to socialism (a trend visible within Heart ). In 1896, he adhered to the Italian Socialist Party . He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1901. His later works include: Sull'oceano (1889), dealing with the plight of Italian emigrants overseas, Il romanzo di un maestro (1890), Amore e ginnastica (1891), Maestrina degli operai (1895), La carrozza di tutti (1899), L'idioma gentile (1905), and Nuovi ritratti letterari e artistici (1908). At

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