61-463: Elbegdorj (Mongolian: Элбэгдорж ) is a Mongolian personal name. Notable people bearing this name include: Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj (born 1963), President of Mongolia in 2009–2017, Prime Minister in 1998 and 2004–2006 Rinchingiin Elbegdorj (1888–1938), Buryat revolutionary in the early Mongolian People's Republic [REDACTED] Topics referred to by
122-549: A Master of Public Administration (MPA) in 2002. During his studies in the USSR, Elbegdorj learned about Glasnost , the concepts such as freedom of speech and economic liberties. After returning to Mongolia, he met other like-minded people and tried to present those ideas to a wider audience, despite attempts of repression from the Politburo-authority of the government, and threats by his employer to lose his job. At
183-423: A chief of an army literature unit between 1988 and 1990. While in these positions, Elbegdorj wrote articles disclosing all the good and bad in the army units and suggested improvements for the army prior to democratic movement's beginning. Elbegdorj founded Mongolia's first independent newspaper Ardchilal (Democracy) and worked as its first editor-in-chief in 1990. The newspaper played a major role in completing
244-472: A clause in the constitution was removed that prohibited members of parliament from taking cabinet responsibility. Thus on 23 April 1998, the Parliament elected (61–6) Elbegdorj as the prime minister. During his first term, Elbegdorj attempted to solve looming economic, structural and political issues through several policy initiatives such as co-initiating Law on Press Freedom and playing a key role to pass
305-813: A decision of his government English replaced Russian as the first foreign language to be taught in public schools. In addition, Elbegdorj initiated the erection of the Genghis Khan memorial complex in front of Mongolia's government house for the 800th Anniversary of the Great Mongol Empire. Besides, Elbegdorj initiated a "Green Wall" environmental project to plant trees in barren areas and desert zones to prevent from massive sandstorms from Mongolia reaching to North America and to reduce air pollution. In August 2005, Elbegdorj wanted to run in by-elections in Ulaanbaatar's Bayangol district . However,
366-534: A democratic movement and to secretly spread the news to other young people. Later the three met and united with ten other individuals and they are known as the Thirteen Leaders of Mongolia's Democratic Revolution. On his return from Congress, his boss at the newspaper Ulaan Od warned Elbegdorj that he would be fired if he participated further in any activities out of work or engaged in any conduct inconsistent with communist and socialist ideology. Despite
427-748: A full scholarship of Harvard University at Harvard 's John F. Kennedy School of Government and graduated with a Master of Public Administration (M.P.A.) in 2002. Then he worked as a consultant at the Millennium Development Goal Project, United Nations Headquarters in New York City and as a consultant at Radio Free Asia in Washington, D.C. in 2002–2003. Afterwards, he returned to Mongolia and made series of public speeches touring in Mongolian provinces inspiring
488-680: A grand coalition government after the vote in the parliamentary elections had been evenly split between the two major political forces – Democratic Coalition and the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party. U.S. President George W. Bush highlighted about Elbegdorj as one of the country's democratic leaders to have been serving as the prime minister in his speech in Ulaanbaatar on 21 November 2005. "The world needs more people such as yourself who are willing to admire liberty," President Bush wrote to Elbegdorj immediately after his visit to Mongolia. During Elbegdorj's term, on 27 January 2005,
549-427: A machinist. In 1982, he was drafted into military service. For submitting poems to the army newspaper Ulaan Od (Red Star), which impressed army authorities, and heading a Revolutionary Youth Unit in the army, he was awarded with the possibility to study military journalism and Marxism–Leninism at the USSR's Military Political Institute (present day - Hetman Petro Sahaidachnyi National Ground Forces Academy ) under
610-683: A significant example of positive reform and transformation for peoples around the world." Vuk Jeremić , President of the United Nations General Assembly for the 67th session expressed satisfaction with the fair and successful election in his congratulations Elbegdorj on 27 June 2013. UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon congratulated for successful presidential election in Mongolia in his congratulatory message to Elbegdorj. European Commission President José Manuel Barroso said "The European Commission considers that
671-539: A statement on the presidential election in Mongolia on 27 June 2013, the same day the election result was announced. President Obama stated : "President Elbegdorj has been an important leader in advancing democracy and freedom in his country and a key partner for the United States in Asia and globally ... Through its impressive democratic achievements and its progress on economic liberalization, Mongolia serves as
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#1732771761871732-536: A strong voice in Asia for her release from house arrest in Myanmar (Burma) until her release. At the ASEM8 Summit on 3 October 2010, Elbegdorj openly called on Myanmar's authorities to free Nobel laureate Aung San Suu Kyi from house arrest, and not long after she was released. In June 2016 President Elbegdorj visited the newly elected State Counsellor and Minister of Foreign Affairs, Aung San Suu Kyi "in honor of
793-641: Is Mongolia's first president to never have been a member of the former communist Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party and the first to obtain a Western education. Elbegdorj was sworn into office for his first term as President of Mongolia in State House in front of the Parliament and guests on 18 June 2009. His inauguration ceremony included his address to the nation and a military parade on Sükhbaatar Square . The United States Senate passed Resolution Number 192 supporting Mongolia's democracy and economic development and noting Elbegdorj's election victory on
854-708: Is a human desire to live free that is an eternal power" at Kim Il Sung University in North Korea. Elbegdorj remarked "I truly believe in freedom for each and every individual" at the Bundestag . One of his latest public speeches is "Myanmar and Mongolia: On the Road to Freedom and Democracy" made jointly with Nobel Peace Laureate Aung San Suu Kyi in Ulaanbaatar on 30 April 2013. Aung San Suu Kyi publicly expressed her appreciation in person to Elbegdorj for having been
915-472: Is a member of The Elders – established by Nelson Mandela in 2007 – that works for peace, justice, human rights and a sustainable planet. Moreover, he is a member of Club de Madrid which commits to advancing democracy worldwide. In addition, Elbegdorj is a commissioner of International Commission Against Death Penalty. Furthermore, he is a vice chairman of International Democracy Union -an international alliance of centre right political parties. Elbegdorj
976-565: Is a patron of World Sustainable Development Forum. He is the Bernard and Susan Liautaud visiting fellow at Stanford University 's Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies . Elbegdorj is a president of World Mongol Federation - an international federation of Mongols around the world. His tenure has focused on fighting corruption , environmental protection , women's rights , judicial reform , civic engagement , economic liberalization and privatization , property rights , and
1037-490: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj Elbegdorj Tsakhia ( Mongolian : Цахиагийн Элбэгдорж ; born 30 March 1963) is a Mongolian politician and journalist who served as President of Mongolia from 2009 to 2017. He previously served as prime minister in 1998 and again from 2004 to 2006. Elbegdorj was one of
1098-471: Is our objectives to be fulfilled. Our objectives are: ... following democracy and transparency and contributing to glasnost, ... and supporting fair progressive power ... These are the objectives of an initiatives' group-an organization that shall work. After the congress I hope we will gather and discuss with you about it in this (newly forming group). The organization shall be based on public, voluntary and democratic principles." The chairman of
1159-956: The Democratic Party for the 2013 presidential election on 8 May 2013. Civil Will-Green Party and Mongolian National Democratic Party – which have seats at both the parliament and the government cabinet – endorsed Elbegdorj's presidential candidacy. The Republican Party and the Motherland Party expressed their full support for Elbegdorj's candidacy also. Elbegdorj won the 2013 Mongolian presidential election on 26 June 2013 with 50.23% of total votes while opposition Mongolian People's Party 's candidate Badmaanyambuugiin Bat-Erdene received 41.97%, and Natsagiin Udval , candidate of Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party got 6.5% of total votes. U.S. President Barack Obama issued
1220-638: The Democratic Party 's convention on 3 April 2009, Elbegdorj defeated Erdeniin Bat-Üül in a contest for the party's nomination for the presidency of Mongolia. Elbegdorj won with 65.3% of the total vote. After Elbegdorj was announced as the candidate, the Civic Will Party and the Mongolian Green Party endorsed Elbegdorj's presidential candidacy. Elbegdorj won the 2009 Mongolian presidential election on 24 May 2009 with 51.21% of
1281-430: The 60th anniversary of the diplomatic ties between Mongolia and Myanmar". During the same visit he addressed a full house audience of civil servants sharing the values of democratic societies, urging them to fight against corruption. In 2012, following his talks at the Parliament of Kyrgyzstan and meeting with Kyrgyz NGO leaders and students to share Mongolia's experience towards democracy for two decades, Elbegdorj began
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#17327717618711342-745: The Leader of the Mongolian Democratic Union in 1989–1997. In a documentary film about the President (titled: "Man of the People") released in the year of the 25th-anniversary celebrations of the Mongolian democratic changes, President Elbegdorj tells the story of the historical political change and reinventing democracy. Elbegdorj worked as a correspondent at Ulaan Od -newspaper of the Mongolian Armed Forces and as
1403-712: The MPRP threatened to leave the coalition if Elbegdorj ran against MPRP candidate Miyeegombyn Enkhbold , and Elbegdorj withdrew. On 13 January 2006, the MPRP left the coalition anyway, and Elbegdorj was forced to resign. The MPRP proceeded to form a new government with the help of DP defectors and independent MPs, and Miyeegombyn Enkhbold became the new prime minister. The events triggered protests from some civic groups and their followers. Mongolian economy had real GDP growth of 10.4% in 2004, 7.3% in 2005 and 8.6% in 2006 respectively during Elbegdorj's second term as prime minister compared to 7% in 2003 prior to Elbegdorj's government. At
1464-521: The Mongolia Media Corporation. Elbegdorj was elected to the Parliament four times, in 1990, 1992, 1996 and 2008. As a Member of the People's Congress, Elbegdorj co-drafted and co-adopted Mongolia's new Constitution on 13 January 1992. The new Constitution guaranteed human rights, democracy, freedom of religion, and free speech. An international intellectual once referred Elbegdorj as "Mongolia's Thomas Jefferson ." Elbegdorj, as
1525-512: The Politburo and to resign on 9 March 1990. This paved the way for the first multi-party elections in Mongolia. Elbegdorj announced this news to the hunger strikers and to people who'd gathered on Sükhbaatar Square at 10 PM on that day after the negotiations between leaders of MPRP and Mongolian Democratic Union. As a result, Mongolia became the first Asia country to successfully transition from communist rule to democracy. Elbegdorj worked as
1586-487: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights in all party and government affairs. In subsequent months activists led by Elbegdorj and others continued to organize demonstrations, rallies, protests and hunger strikes, as well as teachers' and workers' strikes. Activists had growing support from Mongolians, both in the capital and the countryside and the union's activities led to other calls for democracy all over
1647-878: The VII Ministerial Conference of the Community of Democracies with democracy icon guest speakers namely chairperson of the National League for Democracy in Burma and Nobel Peace Laureate Aung San Suu Kyi , "Mother of the Revolution" of 2011 Yemeni uprising and Nobel Peace Laureate Tawakkol Karman , Elbegdorj, Thailand's Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra and others, on 27–29 April 2013. The conference had over 1300 participants from more than 100 countries and issued Ulaanbaatar Declaration "Community's Attainments and Global Challenges." Within
1708-560: The abolition of the death penalty . Elbegdorj is the founder of the Ardchilal (English: Democracy ) newspaper – the country's first independent newspaper – and helped to establish the first independent television station in Mongolia. Elbegdorj was born into a nomadic herding family in Zereg sum , Khovd province , on 30 March 1963. He was the youngest of eight sons. Elbegdorj spent most of his early childhood herding livestock through
1769-476: The bank. Elbegdorj's decision to sell the Reconstruction Bank was proven to be correct. The bank bankrupted soon after Elbegdorj's first term as prime minister was over and the bankruptcy led the government to suffer a gigantic amount of financial loss. Moreover, Elbegdorj made a decision to financially assist from a tight budget to complete the construction of Mongolia's first Wrestling Palace which
1830-817: The biggest challenges to Mongolia's economic development. Elbegdorj's government signed the United Nations Convention Against Corruption in April 2005 and ratified it in January 2006. His administration revealed the Customs chairman's corruption case amounting to millions of dollars from which the ex-chairman donated hundreds of thousands of dollars to the MPRP in 2005. Elbegdorj attempted to support domestic businesses by eliminating excessive regulations, many licensing requirements, and import taxes for key category products. Mongolia
1891-480: The biggest financial burden to the economy since its establishment in 1997. Golomt Bank was the only one that offered to buy Reconstruction Bank. In response to this and the change of EMC's chairman, the minority group at the Parliament MPRP demanded Elbegdorj to resign and thus resulted Elbegdorj to lose confidence vote at the Parliament. The Parliament had prevented Elbegdorj's government from selling
Elbegdorj - Misplaced Pages Continue
1952-742: The chairman of the Democratic Party , co-led the Democratic Union Coalition to its historic victory in the 1996 parliamentary elections . He served as the Majority Leader of the State Great Hural (Parliament) in 1996–2000 and as the Vice Speaker of the Parliament in 1996–1998. Elbegdorj founded and worked as the head of Mongolia's first Entrepreneurs Association in 1991 as well. The association helped to privatize livestock for free to their herders from
2013-612: The coalition, Elbegdorj led initiatives such as Zero Tolerance of Corruption and Education for Democracy and spoke on behalf of the initiatives at the 66th session of the General Assembly of the United Nations on 21 September 2011. He worked with the coalition members to form an agenda to consolidate civil society and strengthen democracy. Elbegdorj is a frequent lecturer on democracy and human rights, both domestically and abroad. Elbegdorj said in his speech "It
2074-422: The congress stopped Elbegdorj's speech and warned him not to say such things. It was 1989 and Mongolia had been a communist country for 68 years. At that time, it was alleged that every other person was an unofficial communist party spy who would report people who expressed opinions other than socialism and communism. During the break of the congress, two young individuals met Elbegdorj and the three agreed to found
2135-469: The country's democratic revolution. He co-introduced freedom of the press in the country by co-initiating the Law on Press Freedom and playing a key role in passing the law in 1998. Elbegdorj also helped to create Mongolia's first independent TV station Eagle TV in 1994. It was run by the former Mongolian Broadcasting Company, a joint venture of the U.S. Christian missionary organization AMONG Foundation, and
2196-481: The country. After numerous demonstrations of many thousands of people in the capital city as well as provincial centres, the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party 's Politburo – the authority of the government – eventually gave way to the pressure and entered negotiations with the leaders of the democratic movement. Jambyn Batmönkh , chairman of Politburo of MPRP's Central Committee decided to dissolve
2257-503: The day he was sworn in on 18 June 2009. For his second term as President of Mongolia, Elbegdorj was sworn into office in front of the Chinggis Khaan (also referred as Genghis Khan ) monument, Nine White Banners of Mongolia, the Parliament and public on Sükhbaatar Square on 10 July 2013. This is the first time a Mongolian president made an oath in front of public in the country's history. After making an oath, he addressed to
2318-462: The end of a speech at the Young Artists' Second National Congress on 28 November 1989, Elbegdorj said that Mongolia needed democracy and appealed to youth to collaborate to create democracy in Mongolia. He told the audience "We consider that Perestroika is a timely and brave step. Youth's contribution to this revolutionary matter is not by supportive talks but by certain work. Our contribution
2379-572: The establishment of the Democratic Transition Assistance Foundation of Mongolia. The new initiative calls for the allocation of certain funds from the Mongolian budget to be used to support democratic transitions in Kyrgyzstan and Afghanistan along with economic reforms in countries such as North Korea and Myanmar while using Mongolia's democratic reform and consolidation as a model. In the summer of 2012,
2440-528: The foundation hosted several delegations from Kyrgyzstan, North Korea and Myanmar to study Mongolia's experience of judicial reform and mineral legislation. Zereg, Khovd Zereg ( Mongolian : Зэрэг ) is a sum (district) of Khovd Province in western Mongolia . The administrative center is Altanteel. The sum is 130 km away from the city of Khovd . 47°06′35″N 92°50′40″E / 47.10972°N 92.84444°E / 47.10972; 92.84444 This Mongolia location article
2501-617: The government began to receive due tax, royalty and income from the EMC. In addition, at the recommendations of international financial institutions such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank – aid granters to Mongolia, and discount interest rate loan giver Asian Development Bank, Elbegdorj made a decision to sell state-owned Reconstruction Bank which became illiquid and was experiencing tremendous loss,
Elbegdorj - Misplaced Pages Continue
2562-422: The government-controlled National State Television and Radio were converted into formally independent public organisations with increasingly smaller control by the government. Also, legal provisions that prohibited demonstrations on Ulaanbaatar's Sükhbaatar Square were abolished on 17 November 2005. In his second term as prime minister, Elbegdorj proclaimed a fight against corruption and poverty, which he saw as
2623-579: The high mountains of Zereg sum. His father, Mongolyn Tsakhia, was a veteran of Mongolia's border conflict with the Empire of Japan that resulted in the 1939 Battle of Khalkhyn Gol . Elbegdorj finished the sum's eight-year school (Primary & middle school) in 1979. Afterwards, his family moved to Erdenet City, and he finished Erdenet's No. 1 ten-year school (High school) in 1981. In 1981–82, Elbegdorj worked in copper ore mining and processing plant Erdenet Concern (currently Erdenet Mining Corporation ) as
2684-429: The key leaders of the 1990 Mongolian democratic revolution that ended 70 years of communist rule in Mongolia , and co-drafted the country's 1992 constitution that guaranteed democracy and a free market economy . Elbegdorj has been labeled by his supporters as a "freedom fighter" and the "Golden Sparrow of Democracy," alluding to a bird that comes with spring sunshine after a long, harsh winter. Currently, Elbegdorj
2745-407: The law in 1998. Based on this law, another law was passed that changed all daily state newspapers into public newspapers without direct control and censorship from the government. Elbegdorj's most significant achievement during his first term as prime minister was to collect tax and create tax income. The biggest taxpayer and only significant income contributor to the government's budget at the time
2806-585: The nation, and a military parade followed. Nobel Peace Laureate , co-founder of the Soviet bloc's first independent trade union Solidarity, former Polish President Lech Wałęsa attended Elbegdorj's second inauguration as president. Elbegdorj served as a chair of the Community of Democracies from 2011 to 2013, an intergovernmental coalition of democratic countries of which Mongolia is a participating member. Under his presidency, Mongolia successfully organized
2867-461: The opposition party, MPRP. After becoming prime minister, Elbegdorj ordered an audit of EMC. The audit result revealed that the state-due income did not enter the state account, instead, it went to dubious accounts of directors at EMC. This embezzlement case was reported in detail in investigative series "Swindle of the Century" on Eagle television. Elbegdorj dismissed the EMC's chairman. As a result,
2928-432: The people and the youth sharing his new ideas and perspectives based on his knowledge from Harvard University and the United States in combination with Mongolian way of life in 2003–2004. His lectures played a significant role to make Democratic Party get majority seats in 2004 Mongolian Parliamentary elections . On 20 August 2004, Elbegdorj became the prime minister of Mongolia for the second time. This time, he headed
2989-470: The presidential election has become another vital step of the Mongolian people to establish a democratic society that respects the rule of law and human rights" in his congratulatory note to Elbegdorj on 28 June 2013. German Chancellor Angela Merkel pointed out "The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe sent its group to Mongolia for the first time to observe the presidential election, and it
3050-452: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about people with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elbegdorj&oldid=1256483019 " Category : Human name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Articles containing Mongolian-language text Short description
3111-500: The socialist collective farms. As a result, the first private property was given to almost half of Mongolia's entire population. He supported the privatization of state-owned properties and assets and land. While as the chairman of the State Commission on Rehabilitation, Elbegdorj initiated and brought the state to apologize for the victims and families of over 36,000 people who had been persecuted and mass massacred during
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#17327717618713172-569: The streets. On the morning of 10 December 1989, the first open pro-democracy demonstration met in front of the Youth Cultural Center in Ulaanbaatar. There, Elbegdorj announced the creation of the Mongolian Democratic Union . The Mongolian Democratic Union founders publicly petitioned the government for a real implementation of perestroika, including allowing a multi-party system, the total implementation of
3233-599: The umbrella of Lviv Polytechnic National University in Lviv , Ukraine from 1983 on. He graduated from the academy in 1988 with a bachelor's degree in journalism and then began working for the newspaper Ulaan Od . After his first term as prime minister, he spent a year at the University of Colorado Boulder 's Economic Institute. Then Elbegdorj studied with a full scholarship at Harvard University and graduated from Harvard 's John F. Kennedy School of Government with
3294-586: The votes. Defeating incumbent president Enkhbayar who got 47.41%, Elbegdorj was sworn into office as President of Mongolia on 18 June 2009. The Democratic Party 's National Consultative Committee held its convention on 7 May 2013 and decided to re-nominate Elbegdorj as a presidential candidate with 100% votes. And the Congress of Democratic Party, with 7,000 participants in Ulaanbaatar plus participants in all provincial centers connected via live internet video conference voted 100% for Elbegdorj's nomination from
3355-514: The warning, Elbegdorj and his friends met secretly with other young people in the circle auditorium of the National University of Mongolia and discussed democracy, free market economic policy, and other prohibited subjects of the time, and began to draft a plan to organize a democratic movement. They met many times and brought new friends and new supporters to join them secretly. One night they placed ads for their open demonstration in
3416-532: The years of Mongolian People's Party 's communist rule. He played a key role in the approval of the Rehabilitation Law, which provided rehabilitation and compensation to the survivors and families of political victims, and recovery from the Stalinist purges and prohibited future violation of human rights. In addition, the law established a Memorial Day for Political Victims. Furthermore, Elbegdorj
3477-671: Was a member of the National Counseling Committee of the Democratic Party in 1994–2009; leader and chairman of the Democratic Party in 1996–1999, and April 2006 – September 2008 respectively; and chairman of the Democratic Union Coalition of the Mongolian National Democratic Party and Mongolian Social Democratic Party in 1996–2000. Elbegdorj served as the prime minister of Mongolia twice; 1998 and 2004–2006. In 1998,
3538-627: Was accepted into the European Union 's GSP+ system, which allows Mongolian exporters to pay lower customs tariffs when exporting to the European Union during Elbegdorj's term as prime minister. To promote affordable computers and internet access, Elbegdorj established the Information and Communication Agency under the government. He subsidized and supported technical schools and specialized professions to reduce unemployment. By
3599-424: Was an expression of strengthening democracy and transparency in Mongolia," in her congratulations to Elbegdorj. Elbegdorj is also the third Mongolian president to be reelected. Elbegdorj won the Mongolian presidential elections twice: on 24 May 2009 and 26 June 2013 . Elbegdorj was sworn into office on 18 June 2009 for his first term, and on 10 July 2013 for his second term as President of Mongolia. Elbegdorj
3660-574: Was half built for a long time. He stayed in office until Janlavyn Narantsatsralt replaced him on 9 December 1998. Elbegdorj served as the chairman of the Majority Group of the Parliament and the leader of the Democratic Union Coalition and a Member of Parliament respectively from 1996–2000. In 2000–2001, he studied at the University of Colorado Boulder 's Economic Institute, and earned a diploma. Then he studied with
3721-468: Was the copper ore mining and processing Erdenet Mining Corporation(EMC) – a joint stock company owned by the governments of Mongolia and the Russian Federation. EMC hadn't paid due tax, income and royalty to Mongolia's government between 1997 and 1998 which resulted in the financial crumbling of the government. Because of it, previous prime minister Enkhsaikhan stepped down due to pressure from
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