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42-404: The airport was named J.C. Harris Field in 1975 in honor of Jess C. Harris, a sheriff from Elko known as "The Flying Sheriff". Originally called Elko Airport , the airfield took on the name Keddie Field by 1935, then Elko Municipal Airport by 1947 and ultimately Elko Regional Airport by the 2000s. On April 6, 1926, the airfield became the terminus for the first scheduled air mail run in

84-522: A 1931 timetable United Airlines predecessor National Air Transport is shown flying New York City–Cleveland–Toledo–Chicago, connecting to Boeing Air Transport's flight to Iowa City–Des Moines–Omaha–Lincoln–North Platte–Cheyenne–Rock Springs–Salt Lake City–Elko, and on to Reno–Sacramento–Oakland. Scheduled time was 31 hours westbound and 28 hours eastbound. By 1933 Boeing and National Air Transport were flying as United Airlines . By 1953 eastbound flights serving Elko would terminate at Salt Lake City, and in 1955

126-528: A balloon starting in Lafayette, Indiana , with a destination of New York . Weather issues forced him to land near Crawfordsville, Indiana , and the mail reached its final destination via train. In 1959, the U.S. Postal Service issued a 7 cent stamp commemorating the event. Balloons also carried mail out of Paris and Metz during the Franco-Prussian War (1870), drifting over the heads of

168-473: A monologue by a veteran pilot, preserving the atmosphere of these pioneering times: "We used to fly on the Paris route, from Hounslow to Le Bourget and get through as best as you could. Later we moved on to Croydon . (...) We carried the much advertised Air Mails. That meant the machines had to fly whether there were passengers to be carried or not. It was left to the discretion of the pilot whether or not

210-1025: A short time in 1987. Casino Express Airlines was established in 1987 and based in Elko. The carrier supported the Red Lion Hotel and Casino, flying scheduled charter Boeing 737-200s from Elko to many cities throughout the U.S. starting in 1989. In 1994 and 1995 Casino Express scheduled weekend only flights nonstop between Elko and Boise, Milwaukee, Portland, OR and Seattle with 737s and McDonnell Douglas MD-80s . Casino Express changed its name to Xtra Airways in 2005 and ended jet service to Elko by 2010 moving its headquarters to Boise, Idaho. SkyWest Airlines began serving Elko in 1982 as an independent commuter carrier to replace United Airlines. The carrier flew Swearingen Metros to Reno, Salt Lake City and Ely. In 1986 SkyWest began operating as Western Express for Western Airlines via code sharing agreement with flights to Reno and Salt Lake City using Metroliners. After

252-459: A specific kind of airmail letter which is its own envelope; see aerogram . Some forms of airletter, such as aerogram , may forbid enclosure of other material so as to keep the weight down. The choice to send a letter by air is indicated either by a handwritten note on the envelope , by the use of special labels called airmail etiquettes (blue stickers with the words "air mail" in French and in

294-678: A stop was added at Ely, Nevada. United served Elko with Boeing 247s , Douglas DC-3s , Convair 340s , and Douglas DC-6Bs . The DC-6Bs flying San Francisco to Salt Lake City via Reno, Elko, and Ely were United's last prop service in the U.S. In 1970 United replaced the DC-6Bs with Convair 580s operated by Frontier Airlines (1950-1986) ; the flights used the "UA" airline code. In November 1977 United Boeing 737-200s took over, flying San Francisco - Reno - Elko - Ely - Salt Lake City - Denver, one round trip each day. United ended this flight on April 1, 1982. Several small commuter airlines served Elko. In

336-411: A wide variety of aircraft: light and ultra-light aircraft, sport aircraft , homebuilt aircraft , business aircraft (like private jets ), gliders and helicopters . Flights can be carried out under both visual flight and instrument flight rules, and can use controlled airspace with permission. The majority of the world's air traffic falls into the category of general aviation, and most of

378-553: Is a mail transport service branded and sold on the basis of at least one leg of its journey being by air. Airmail items typically arrive more quickly than surface mail , and usually cost more to send. Airmail may be the only option for sending mail to some destinations, such as overseas, if the mail cannot wait the time it would take to arrive by ship , sometimes weeks. The Universal Postal Union adopted comprehensive rules for airmail at its 1929 Postal Union Congress in London. Since

420-625: Is defined as specialized aviation services for other purposes. However, for statistical purposes, ICAO uses a definition of general aviation which includes aerial work. General aviation thus represents the " private transport " and recreational components of aviation, most of which is accomplished with light aircraft . The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) defines civil aviation aircraft operations in three categories: General Aviation (GA), Aerial Work (AW) and Commercial Air Transport (CAT). Aerial work operations are separated from general aviation by ICAO by this definition. Aerial work

462-524: Is the only airline there. Elko Regional Airport covers 700 acres (280 ha) and has two asphalt runways: 6/24 is 7,454 x 150 ft (2,272 x 46 m) and 12/30 is 3,015 x 60 ft (919 x 18 m). In the year ending September 30, 2022, the airport had 13,863 aircraft operations, averaging 38 per day: 75% general aviation , 20% airline, and 5% air taxi . 72 aircraft were then based at this airport: 62 single-engine, 5 multi-engine, 4 helicopter , and 1 ultra-light. Air mail Airmail (or air mail )

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504-500: Is unavailable. It is usually impossible to know this by examining an envelope, and such items are not considered "airmail." Generally, airmail would take a guaranteed and scheduled flight and arrive first, while air-speeded mail would wait for a non-guaranteed and merely available flight and would arrive later than normal airmail. A letter sent via airmail may be called an aerogramme , aerogram , air letter or simply airmail letter . However, aerogramme and aerogram may also refer to

546-588: Is when an aircraft is used for specialized services such as agriculture, construction, photography, surveying, observation and patrol, search and rescue, and aerial advertisement. However, for statistical purposes ICAO includes aerial work within general aviation, and has proposed officially extending the definition of general aviation to include aerial work, to reflect common usage. The proposed ICAO classification includes instructional flying as part of general aviation (non-aerial-work). The International Council of Aircraft Owner and Pilot Associations (IAOPA) refers to

588-639: The Civil Aviation Authority . The main focus is on standards of airworthiness and pilot licensing , and the objective is to promote high standards of safety. General aviation is particularly popular in North America, with over 6,300 airports available for public use by pilots of general aviation aircraft (around 5,200 airports in the U.S. and over 1,000 in Canada ). In comparison, scheduled flights operate from around 560 airports in

630-549: The Germans besieging those cities. Balloon mail was also carried on an 1877 flight in Nashville, Tennessee . Starting in 1903 the introduction of the aeroplane generated immediate interest in using them for mail transport. An unofficial airmail flight was conducted by Fred Wiseman, who carried three letters between Petaluma and Santa Rosa , California, on February 17, 1911. The world's first official airmail flight came

672-585: The Middle East . On 25 December 1918, the Latécoère Airlines (later becoming the famed Aéropostale ) became the first civilian international airmail service, when mail was flown from Toulouse , France, to Barcelona , Spain. Less than 2 months later, on 19 February 1919, the airmail service was extended to Casablanca , Morocco, making the Latécoère Airlines the first transcontinental airmail service. In June 1919, Alcock and Brown completed

714-598: The Royal Air Force pioneered the first scheduled international airmail service between Folkestone, Kent and Cologne, Germany . The service operated between December 1918 and mid-1919; its purpose was to provide troops of the British Army stationed in Germany with a fast mail service. (see more at British Forces Post Office ) Throughout the 1920s the Royal Air Force continued to develop air routes through

756-635: The United States was inaugurated on May 15, 1918. The route, which ran between Washington, D.C. , and New York City , with an intermediate stop in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania , was designed by aviation pioneer Augustus Post . The field used for this service is marked by a plaque in West Potomac Park . In 1925, the U.S. Postal service issued contracts to fly airmail between designated points. By 1931, 85% of domestic airline revenue

798-494: The back end in dynamic intermodal combinations. Thus even "regular" mail may make part of its journey on an aircraft. Such "air-speeded" mail is different from nominal airmail in its branding, price, and priority of service. Specific instances of a letter being delivered by air long predate the introduction of Airmail as a regularly scheduled service available to the general public. Although homing pigeons had long been used to send messages (an activity known as pigeon mail ),

840-657: The pilot would sign them as well. The first stamps designated specifically for airmail were issued by Italy in 1917, and used on experimental flights; they were produced by overprinting special delivery stamps. Austria also overprinted stamps for airmail in March 1918, soon followed by the first definitive stamp for airmail, issued by the United States in May 1918. A postal service may sometimes opt to transport some regular mail by air, perhaps because other transportation

882-493: The war , including in Germany , France and Japan , where airmail provision was briefly established in 1912, only to meet with similar practical difficulties. The range, speed and lifting capacity of aircraft were transformed through technological innovation during the war, allowing the first practical air mail services to finally become a reality when the war ended. For instance, the first regularly scheduled airmail service in

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924-457: The GA fleet accounts for between 1.25 and 1.35 million hours flown. There are 28,000 private pilot licence holders, and 10,000 certified glider pilots . Some of the 19,000 pilots who hold professional licences are also engaged in GA activities. GA operates from more than 1,800 airports and landing sites or aerodromes , ranging in size from large regional airports to farm strips. GA is regulated by

966-617: The U.S. According to the U.S. Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association , general aviation provides more than one percent of the United States' GDP , accounting for 1.3 million jobs in professional services and manufacturing . Most countries have a civil aviation authority that oversees all civil aviation , including general aviation, adhering to the standardized codes of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). Aviation accident rate statistics are necessarily estimates. According to

1008-454: The U.S. National Transportation Safety Board , general aviation in the United States (excluding charter) suffered 1.31 fatal accidents for every 100,000 hours of flying in 2005, compared to 0.016 for scheduled airline flights. In Canada, recreational flying accounted for 0.7 fatal accidents for every 1000 aircraft, while air taxi accounted for 1.1 fatal accidents for every 100,000 hours. More experienced GA pilots appear generally safer, although

1050-427: The United States, flown by Varney Air Lines . The route was Pasco, WA to Boise, ID to Elko, NV. By 1928 the mail route was redirected from Boise to Salt Lake City and Elko had become one of ten stops on a new route from San Francisco to Chicago flown by Boeing Air Transport. Boeing and Varney were predecessors of United Air Lines . By 1931 Elko was a stop on passenger service between New York City and San Francisco. In

1092-417: The category as general aviation/aerial work (GA/AW) to avoid ambiguity. Their definition of general aviation includes: General aviation thus includes both commercial and non-commercial activities. IAOPA's definition of aerial work includes, but is not limited to: Commercial air transport includes: However, in some countries, air taxi is regarded as being part of GA/AW. Private flights are made in

1134-461: The first aerial flight in North America by balloon on January 9, 1793, from Philadelphia to Deptford, New Jersey , Jean-Pierre Blanchard carried a personal letter from George Washington to be delivered to the owner of whatever property Blanchard happened to land on, making the flight the first delivery of air mail in the United States. The first official air mail delivery in the United States took place on August 17, 1859, when John Wise piloted

1176-515: The first airmail flight was piloted by Henri Pequet , who flew 6,500 letters a distance of 13 km (8.1 mi) from Allahabad to Naini —the nearest station on the Bombay-Calcutta line to the exhibition. The letters bore an official frank "First Aerial Post, U.P. Exhibition, Allahabad. 1911". The aircraft used was a Humber-Sommer biplane , and it made the journey in thirteen minutes. The first official American airmail delivery

1218-513: The first mail to be carried by an air vehicle was on January 7, 1785, on a hot air balloon flight from Dover to France near Calais . It was flown by Jean-Pierre Blanchard and John Jeffries . The letter was written by an American Loyalist William Franklin to his son William Temple Franklin who was serving in a diplomatic role in Paris with his grandfather Benjamin Franklin . During

1260-460: The first transatlantic airmail flight. The first airmail service established officially by an airline occurred in Colombia , South America, on 19 October 1920. Scadta , the first airline of the country, flew landing river by river delivering mail in its destinations. Australia's first airmail contract was awarded to Norman (later Sir) Brearley's Western Australian Airlines (WAA). The first airmail

1302-549: The flight should be cancelled in bad weather; the pilots were dead keen on flying in the most impossible conditions. Sanderson got killed this way at Douinville. And all he had in the machine was a couple of picture postcards from trippers in Paris, sent to their families as a curiosity. That was the Air Mail. No passengers or anything—just the mail". In the aftermath of the war, the Royal Engineers (Postal Section) and

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1344-446: The home language), or by the use of specially-marked envelopes. Special airmail stamps may also be available, or required; the rules vary in different countries. The study of airmail is known as aerophilately . General aviation General aviation ( GA ) is defined by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) as all civil aviation aircraft operations except for commercial air transport or aerial work, which

1386-473: The merger of Western into Delta Air Lines in 1987, SkyWest became a Delta Connection carrier and in 1988 began flying Embraer EMB-120 Brasilias on its flights to Reno and Salt Lake City. The flights to Reno ended in 2005. In 2015 SkyWest replaced the Brasilia with 50-seat Bombardier CRJ100/200s , but the frequency was reduced to two flights per day. SkyWest remains at Elko as a Delta Connection carrier and

1428-483: The mid-1970s Scenic Airlines flew to Ely and Las Vegas and Sun Valley Key Commuter flew to Salt lake City and Reno. Chaparral Aviation flew from Elko to several smaller towns in northern Nevada in the early 1980s. Scenic Airlines returned from 1999 through 2006 with flights from Elko to Las Vegas via the North Las Vegas Airport . Royal West Airlines flew BAe 146-200 jets nonstop to Las Vegas for

1470-537: The next day, at a large exhibition in the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh , British India . The organizer of the aviation display, Sir Walter Windham , was able to secure permission from the postmaster general in India to operate an airmail service in order to generate publicity for the exhibition and to raise money for charity. Mail from people across the region was gathered in at Holy Trinity Church and

1512-551: The official language of the Universal Postal Union is French, airmail items worldwide are often marked Par avion , literally: "by airplane". For about the first half century of its existence, transportation of mail via aircraft was usually categorized and sold as a separate service (airmail) from surface mail. Today it is often the case that mail service is categorized and sold according to transit time alone, with mode of transport (land, sea, air) being decided on

1554-485: The successful experiment he had overseen in India. The service ran for just under a month, transporting 35 bags of mail in 16 flights; four pilots operated the aircraft including Gustav Hamel , who flew the first service in his Blériot , covering the 21 miles between Hendon and Windsor in just 18 minutes. The service was eventually terminated due to constant and severe delays caused by bad weather conditions. Similar services were intermittently run in other countries before

1596-659: The time, this was the longest such flight in the world. The world's first scheduled airmail post service took place in the United Kingdom between the London suburb of Hendon , North London , and the Postmaster General 's office in Windsor, Berkshire , on September 9, 1911, as part of the celebrations for King George V 's coronation and at the suggestion of Sir Walter Windham , who based his proposal on

1638-519: The world's airports serve GA exclusively. Flying clubs are considered a part of general aviation. In 2003, the European Aviation Safety Agency was established as the central EU regulator, taking over responsibility for legislating airworthiness and environmental regulation from the national authorities. Of the 21,000 civil aircraft registered in the United Kingdom, 96 percent are engaged in GA operations, and annually

1680-494: Was carried between Geraldton and Derby in Western Australia on December 5, 1921. Since stamp collecting was already a well-developed hobby by this time, collectors followed developments in airmail service closely, and went to some trouble to find out about the first flights between various destinations, and to get letters onto them. The authorities often used special cachets on the covers , and in many cases

1722-430: Was from airmail. In Germany, dirigibles of the 1920s and 1930s were used extensively to carry airmail; it was known as Zeppelin mail , or dirigible mail. The German Zeppelins were especially visible in this role, and many countries issued special stamps for use on Zeppelin mail. The 1928 book So Disdained by Nevil Shute —a novel based on this author's deep interest in and thorough knowledge of aviation—includes

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1764-574: Was made on September 23, 1911, by pilot Earle Ovington under the authority of the United States Post Office Department . The first official air mail in Australia was carried by French pilot Maurice Guillaux. On July 16–18, 1914, he flew his Blériot XI aircraft from Melbourne to Sydney, a distance of 584 miles (940 km), carrying 1785 specially printed postcards, some Lipton's Tea and some O.T. Lemon juice. At

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