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16-685: Ellwangen has 25,000 inhabitants. Ellwangen is situated in the valley of the river Jagst , between the foothills of the Swabian Alb and Virngrund (ancient Virgundia) forest, the latter being part of the Swabian-Franconian Forest . The Jagst runs through Ellwangen from south to north. The town developed in the 7th century as an Alemannic settlement in the Virgunna forest next to the Franconian - Swabian border. In 764

32-580: A displaced persons' camp for 3,000 Ukrainian refugees until 1951. In 1951, the US Army — the combat engineer battalion and medical battalion of the 28th Infantry Division again took over the facility. In September 1955 the Americans returned the kaserne to the German government. In April and May 2018, two police raids at a migrant shelter in the town led to national and international media attention and

48-548: A prince-provost and a chapter consisting of 12 noble canons and 10 vicars . Initially its territory included the districts of Ellwangen, Tannenberg and Kochenburg. The district of Rötlen was acquired in 1471, Wasseralfingen in 1545, and Heuchlingen in 1609. In 1588 and from 1611 to 1618 about 450 people in Ellwangen were killed in witch-hunts . After the German Mediatisation of 1802, Ellwangen became

64-582: A much larger size than one would find in a kaserne. These installations are typically called "forts", such as Fort Knox , Fort Campbell , Fort Dix etc. National Guard and Reserve installations, though sometimes designated as "forts", are more often referred to as "camps". By contrast, British Forces in Germany used the term 'barracks' for locations containing one or a small number of units. For larger bases with several units, 'station' (e.g. Hohne Station ) or 'complex' (e.g. Rheindahlen Military Complex )

80-518: A part of the duchy of Württemberg . At first it was the government seat of Neuwürttemberg, the territories Württemberg had acquired by mediatisation. In 1803 the town became centre of a district ( Oberamt ), which in 1806 was included into the new Kingdom of Württemberg . In 1807 Ellwangen became seat of the Jagstkreis (Jagst District), until the district was merged into a larger unit in 1924. The king of Württemberg, who had acquired large areas with

96-417: A predominantly Roman Catholic population, wanted Ellwangen to become the seat of a Roman Catholic diocese . To achieve this, in 1812 he founded an ordinary and a seminary , as well as a Roman Catholic theological faculty . The faculty was soon moved to Tübingen , where it became part of Eberhard Karls University . In 1817, the seminary and the ordinary went to Rottenburg am Neckar , which in 1821 became

112-541: A public debate about legal deportations. Ellwangen is served by the Upper Jagst Railway which is operated by both GoAhead and Deutsche Bahn . There are also several regional bus lines operated by FahrBus Ostalb . Ellwangen also is a "City Stop" for the Inter-City Train line of Deutsche Bahn . Since 2014, a so called Stadtbus Ellwangen was established. A Stadtbus only stops if requested by

128-625: Is a right tributary of the Neckar in northern Baden-Württemberg , Germany . The source of this 190 km long river is in the hills east of Ellwangen , close to the Bavarian border. The Jagst winds through the towns of Ellwangen , Crailsheim , Kirchberg an der Jagst , Langenburg , Krautheim , Möckmühl and Neudenau . Near Bad Wimpfen , the Jagst flows into the Neckar, a few km downstream from

144-602: Is the typical term used when naming the garrison location for American and Canadian forces stationed in Germany. American forces were also sometimes housed in installations simply referred to as "barracks", such as Ray Barracks in Friedberg . American forces within a kaserne could range in size anywhere from company size, with a few hundred troops and equipment, to brigade level formation with supporting units, or approximately three to five thousand troops and their equipment. The largest single unit combat force in Germany,

160-490: The 17th SS Panzergrenadier Division were convicted of a number of war crimes, involving the shooting of foreign concentration camp prisoners in Ellwangen during the war. In April 1945, US Army troops occupied Ellwangen and until 1946, stationed various Army units at the kaserne — the former German Tank School. From 1946 the International Refugee Organisation (IRO) used the kaserne as

176-645: The First Brigade of the U.S. 3rd Armored Division was housed at Ayers Kaserne, Kirch-Göns, Germany , also known as "The Rock". While several dozen kasernes with NATO forces were once spread across the American sector of Germany , after the end of the Cold War , many have since closed, and some have been demolished. Most army posts within the United States house units and/or multiple units of

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192-661: The Frankish noble Hariolf , Bishop of Langres , founded a Benedictine monastery, Ellwangen Abbey , on a hill next to the settlement. The monastery was mentioned in a document of Louis the Pious as Elehenuuwang in 814. It became a Reichsabtei in 817. From 870 to 873 the Byzantine Greek "Apostle of the Slavs" Saint Methodius was imprisoned in Ellwangen, after he had been arrested by Ermanrich, bishop of Passau . He

208-671: The mouth of the river Kocher , that flows more or less parallel to the Jagst. To the south of the river is the Harthausen Forest . The following rivers are tributaries to the river Jagst (from source to mouth): This article related to a river in Baden-Württemberg is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Kaserne Kaserne is a loanword taken from the German word Kaserne (plural: Kasernen ), which means " barracks ". It

224-493: The passengers and was established for older residents and the population surrounding the historic center of the town. Sights of the city are the medieval town centre with its churches, notably Ellwangen Basilica. Also well known are the Baroque pilgrimage church, Schönenberg , and the castle, both on hills near to the city. Ellwangen is twinned with: Jagst The Jagst ( German pronunciation: [jakst] )

240-497: The seat of the newly formed diocese for Württemberg. During World War I , in 1916–1917, Germany operated a special prisoner-of-war camp for ethnic Polish officers from the Russian Army, with the aim of subjecting them to propaganda and conscripting them into a planned German-controlled Polish army to fight against Russia (Poland was partitioned between Germany, Russia and Austria at the time). After World War II members of

256-428: Was set free in 873 thanks to the intervention of Pope John VIII . The monastery was "exempt" from 1124 on (maybe earlier), which means it was directly responsible to the pope. The abbots were granted Reichsfreiheit in 1215. The office of Vogt was first held by the counts of Oettingen , from 1370 on by the counts of Württemberg . In 1460 the abbey was converted into an exempt house of secular canons , led by

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