In the Yoruba tradition, Erinlẹ was a great hunter who became an orisha .
49-398: He is said to have conducted the first Olobu of Ilobu to the site of the town of Ilobu , and to have protected the people of the town from Fulani invasions. He is usually described as a hunter but sometimes as a herbalist or a farmer. It is said that one day he sank into the earth near Ilobu and became a river. He is known all over Yorùbáland . The cult of Erinlẹ is found in towns throughout
98-464: A chain of the most senior chiefs. The chiefs are known as 'llu' or 'Town Representatives'. The 'llu' is headed by Bara , who is regarded as next in rank to the Olobu. The other senior chiefs are Jagun, Balogun,Otun and Baalẹ Gbobamu (Gbobamu Chief). Women also play active roles in the traditional and political administration of llobu and are given a voice through their political representative, Iyalode, who
147-614: A child as the child's parents do. All members of a particular clan live in the same compound and share family resources, rights, and possessions such as land Ife was surpassed by the Oyo Empire as the dominant Yoruba military and political power between the year 1600 and 1800. The nearby kingdom of Benin was also a powerful force between 1300 and 1850. Most of the city states were controlled by Obas, priestly monarchs, and councils made up of Oloyes, recognised leaders of royal, noble and, often, even common descent, who joined them in ruling over
196-536: A common ancestor. The unit is strictly exogamous, and sexual relations between members are regarded as incestuous and are punishable by the gods of the community. Most prominent among the many hotels in Ilobu is the Royal Palace Hotel (owned by the present Olobu of Ilobu), and located within a ten minutes drive from the state capital. Ilobu appreciates the importance of sport. Most young and able bodies in
245-515: A double maxima (peak period); March–July and September–November. Annual rainfall in Ijebu Ode in the middle of Ogun state, for example, averages 2,020 millimetres or 80 inches. The area is the center of thriving cocoa , natural rubber , kola nut and oil palm production industry, as well as lucrative logging . Ondo, Ekiti and Osun states are the leading producers of cocoa in Nigeria, while
294-656: A jagged highland region in the interior, commonly known as the Yorubaland plateau or Western upland . The highlands are pronounced in the Ekiti area of the region, especially around the Effon ridge and the Okemesi fold belt, which have heights in excess of 732 m (2,400 ft) and are characterized by numerous waterfalls and springs such as Olumirin waterfall, Arinta waterfall, and Effon waterfall. The highest elevation
343-722: A mortal blow. The other Yoruba city-states broke free of Oyo dominance, and subsequently became embroiled in a series of internecine wars, a period when millions of individuals were forcibly transported to the Americas and the Caribbean , eventually ending up in such countries as the Bahamas , Cuba , the Dominican Republic , Puerto Rico , Brazil , Haiti and Venezuela , the United States, among others. During
392-666: A northerly direction into the Niger include the Moshi river, Oyun, Oshin , Awun, Asa, Ero and Oyi . The Nigerian part of Yorubaland comprises today's Ọyọ , Ọṣun , Ogun , Kwara , Ondo , Ekiti , Lagos as well as parts of Kogi . The Beninese portion consists of Ouémé Department , Plateau Department, Collines Department , Tchaourou commune of Borgou Department , Bassila commune of Donga Department , Ouinhi and Zogbodomey commune of Zou Department , and Kandi commune of Alibori Department . The Togolese portions are
441-493: A sparsely forested area and is bounded on the north by Ifon-Osun , on the south by Osogbo , on the east by Oba and on the west by Erin-Osun. It is watered by Ojutu River, Erinle River , Konda River and a few other streams. The town is said to have been founded by Laarosin, a powerful warrior in the Old Oyo Empire. It has a population of about 30,825 (2006 census). The Ilobu people's tradition and culture has to do with
490-592: A town. The individual chiefs that serve the towns as corporate entities, called Olóyès , are subject to the Baálès that rule over them. A collection of distantly related towns makes up a clan . A separate group of Oloyes are subject to the Oba that rules over an individual clan, and this Oba may himself be subject to another Oba , depending on the grade of the Obaship. In this, government begins at home. The father of
539-616: Is 1,220 millimetres or 48.03 inches. Tree species here include the Blighia sapida more commonly known as ackee in English and ishin in Yoruba, and Parkia biglobosa which is the locust bean tree used in making iru or ogiri , a local cooking condiment. The monsoon (rainy period) in both climatic zones is followed by a drier season characterized by northwest trade winds that bring the harmattan (cold dust-laden windstorms) that blow from
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#1732772495308588-411: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about Traditional African religion is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a deity is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Ilobu Ilobu is a town and the administrative headquarters of Irepodun Local Government Area of Osun State , Nigeria . It is located in
637-547: Is also a daily night market in the town. Situated along Ilobu-Ifon Osun road, Olobu market is one of the oldest markets in Yorubaland and it comes up every three days. It is the best place to buy and sell staples and cash crops, jewellery, plantains, citrus fruit, yams, cassava, sorghum, beans, okra, peppers, and gourds. Cash crops such as cocoa, cotton, tobacco, palm oil , and palm kernels are collected and sold here. Livestock, including dwarf cattle, goats, sheep, chickens, ducks, and guinea fowl, are also an important part of
686-402: Is an everyday market in Ilobu where food stuff and other goods are sold. The market attracts a lot of people from within and outside Ilobu and it is normally held from morning to evening. With the establishment of Irepodun Local Government in 1976, there is every hope that the government will come to the aid of the town and with the new sense of pride and identity which the people now possess, it
735-547: Is assisted by her Otun Iyalode and Seriki, second and third in rank respectively. Next to the llu, come the Baale(heads of households). The Baale(s) represent their different households. They do not hold meetings together except when called together by the Olobu and his chiefs. The oldest man in the compound is usually elected as the Balaeẹ It is required that all members of a household should be able to trace their descent from
784-621: Is found at the Idanre Inselberg Hills , which have heights in excess of 1,050 metres (3,440 ft). In general, the landscape of the interior is made up of undulating terrain with occasional inselbergs jutting out dramatically from the surrounding expanse. Some include: Okeagbe hills: 790m, Olosunta in Ikere Ekiti: 690m, Saki and Igbeti hills. With coastal plains, southern lowlands, and interior highlands, Yorubaland has several large rivers and streams that crisscross
833-637: Is hoped that the rate of development of llobu will increase remarkably. The planning of llobu has assumed a new dimension since the establishment by law of the town planning authority. The Osun State Town Planning Authority has exerted considerable influence on the town. Places of interest in Ilobu are the Olobu Palace Complex, the Erinle shrine and Ilobu museum situated within the palace complex. There are tarred roads from llobu to Osogbo, about 9.5 kilometres away, and Ogbomosho 48 kilometres, and
882-442: Is more commonly known locally as iroko , Antiaris africana , Terminalia superba which is known locally as afara , Entandrophragma or sapele , Lophira alata , Triplochiton scleroxylon (or obeche ), Khaya grandifoliola (or African mahogany), Symphonia globulifera , and numerous other species. Some non-native species such as Tectona grandis (teak) and Gmelina arborea (pulp wood) have been introduced into
931-521: Is part of the Guinean forest–savanna mosaic ecoregion, a transitional zone between West Africa's coastal forests and interior savannas . Part of this region is derived savanna which was once covered in forest but has lost tree cover due to agricultural and other pressures on land. Annual rainfall here hovers between 1,100 and 1,500 millimetres (43 and 59 in). Annual precipitation in Ilorin for example
980-703: Is the homeland and cultural region of the Yoruba people in West Africa . It spans the modern-day countries of Nigeria , Togo and Benin , and covers a total land area of 142,114 km (54,871 sq mi). Of this land area, 106,016 km (74.6%) lies within Nigeria, 18.9% in Benin, and the remaining 6.5% is in Togo. Prior to European colonization , a portion of this area was known as Yoruba country . The geo-cultural space contains an estimated 55 million people,
1029-512: Is well known in Ilobu. Adire is a special art of tying and dyeing of clothes to bring out unique designs. It is very popular all over the world. Erinle is an annual festival of worship within the town where ram with pounded yam and Sekete wine - a traditional wine - are used to worship but the tradition is not as it used to be. Everybody in the town, worship Erinle with Olobu the king. On the fifth day, Erinle images would be brought out. A twenty-eight day notice would be given, around August before
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#17327724953081078-835: The Lagos Lagoon , the upper Mono River , Oba River , Erinle River , Yewa River which discharges into the Badagry creek, Okpara River which forms part of the Nigeria-Benin border before fully re-entering Benin to join the Ouémé River (Ofe in Yoruba) which drains into Lake Nokoué and the Porto-Novo creek. On the eastern flank, the Owena (Siluko), Ofosu and Ose rivers empty into the Benin river creek. Those which flow in
1127-687: The Ogou , Anié and Est-Mono prefectures in Plateaux Region , and the Tchamba prefecture in Centrale Region . The climate of Yorubaland varies from north to south. The southern, central and eastern portions of the territory is tropical high forest , known as the Yoruba lowland forests ecoregion. The characteristic vegetation is verdant closed-canopy forests composed of many varieties of hardwood trees including Milicia excelsa which
1176-651: The Oyo Empire . Shortly after, they overran the Yoruba city of Ilorin and then sacked Ọyọ-Ile , the capital city of the Oyo Empire. Further attempts by the Sokoto Caliphate to expand southwards were checked by the Yoruba who had rallied to resist under the military leadership of the city-state of Ibadan , which rose from the old Oyo Empire, and of the Ijebu city-states. However, the Oyo hegemony had been dealt
1225-540: The Sahara . They normally affect all areas except a small portion of the southern coast. Nonetheless, it has been reported that the harmattan has reached as far as Lagos in some years. Oduduwa is regarded as the legendary progenitor of the Yoruba, and almost every Yoruba settlement traces its origin to princes of Ile-Ife in Osun State, Nigeria. As such, Ife can be regarded as the cultural and spiritual homeland of
1274-650: The 19th century, the British Empire gradually colonized Yorubaland. In 1892, the British declared war on the Ijebu Kingdom in response to its barriers on trade. The British emerged victorious in the conflict and occupied the Ijebu capital. After British colonization, the capital served as an administrative center for colonial officials as the kingdom was annexed to the colony of Southern Nigeria . The colony
1323-515: The Benin and Osse (Ovia) river occupied by the Ilaje Yorubas and continues uninterrupted up to Porto Novo , a total distance of about 280 km as the crow flies. West of Porto Novo Gbe speakers begin to predominate. The northern section is thus more expansive than the southern coastal section. The land is characterized by mangrove forests , estuaries and coastal plains in the south, which rise steadily northwards into rolling hills and
1372-576: The Fulani of Northern Nigeria, the Yoruba were getting ready to recover from what is popularly known as the Yoruba Civil War. One of the lessons of the internecine Yoruba wars was the opening of Yorubaland to Fulani hegemony whose major interest was the imposition of sultanistic despotism on Old Oyo Ile and present-day Ilorin. The most visible consequence of this was the adding of almost one-fifth of Yorubaland from Offa to Old Oyo to Kabba to
1421-718: The Ogbonis which were in the judiciary wing. In most cases, the message would compel the Oba to take his own life, which he was bound by oath to do. Following a jihad (known as the Fulani War ) led by Uthman Dan Fodio (1754–1817) and a rapid consolidation of the Hausa city-states of contemporary northern Nigeria, the Fulani Sokoto Caliphate annexed the buffer Nupe Kingdom and began to press southwards towards
1470-471: The Yoruba nation, both within and outside Nigeria. According to an Oyo account, Oduduwa was a Yoruba emissary; said to have come from the east, sometimes understood by some sources as the "vicinity" true east on the cardinal points, but more likely signifying the region of the Ekiti and Okun sub-communities in Yorubaland, Nigeria. On the other hand, linguistic evidence seems to corroborate the fact that
1519-459: The actual festival in September. Erinle had been worshipped before the arrival of Islam and Christianity. The ram would not be killed but would be thrown into the river alive. Akodo is the priest and there are many spots in the river called Ibu which represented where Erinle’s sons live. The significance of the festival is linked to the continued peace, harmony and progress of the town. Despite
Erinlẹ - Misplaced Pages Continue
1568-410: The community are fans of sports, with football being the most popular. The town has two major football clubs - Ilobu Vipers Football Club (past winners of the state league) and Ilobu United Football Club who are strong contenders in the state league. Ilobu is blessed with two markets, Olobu and Adio markets. Olobu market is held at five day intervals while the latter is held at three day intervals. There
1617-472: The continuing approval of their constituents as a matter of policy, and could be easily compelled to abdicate for demonstrating dictatorial tendencies or incompetence. The order to vacate the throne was usually communicated through an aroko or symbolic message, which usually took the form of parrot eggs delivered in a covered calabash bowl by the Basorun the head of Oyomesi (the lawmakers) after Judgements from
1666-460: The dominant Yoruba military and political power between 1700 and 1900. Yoruba people generally feel a deep sense of culture and tradition that unifies and helps identify them. There are sixteen established kingdoms, states that are said to have been descendants of Oduduwa himself. The other sub-kingdoms and chiefdoms that exist are second order branches of the original sixteen kingdoms. There are various groups and subgroups in Yorubaland based on
1715-536: The eastern half of Yorubaland was settled at an earlier time in history than the western regions, as the Northwest and Southwest Yoruba dialects show more linguistic innovations than their central and eastern counterparts. Between 1100 and 1400, the Yoruba Kingdom of Ife experienced a golden age , part of which was a sort of artistic and ideological renaissance. It was then surpassed by the Oyo Empire as
1764-426: The ecosystem and are being extensively grown in several large forest plantations. The coastal section of this area features an area covered by swamp flats and dominated by such plants as mangroves and other stilt plants as well as palms, ferns and coconut trees on the beaches. This portion includes most of Ondo, Ekiti, Ogun, Osun, Lagos states and is characterised by generally high levels of precipitation defined by
1813-403: The fact that majority of its populace are either Muslims or Christians, Erinle festival remains a rallying point for the natives of Ilobu in Osun State. Politically, the Olobu enjoys extensive power. He has legislative and judicial powers.In the past, he monopolised the right to impose or commute capital punishment and also controlled appointments to senior political offices. Though the Olobu has
1862-465: The family is considered the "head" and his first wife is the mother of the house. If her husband chooses to marry another wife, that wife must show proper respect to the first wife even if the first wife is chronologically younger. Children are taught to have respect for all those who are older than they are. This includes their parents, aunts, uncles, elder siblings, and cousins who they deal with every day. ... Any adult presumably has as much authority over
1911-715: The former Oyo Empire . His shrines contain smooth, round stones from the Erinlẹ River. The name may be derived from erin (elephant) and ilẹ (earth), or from erin and ile (house). He is known as Inle by the Lukumi in Cuba and as Ode Inle, and sometimes as Oxossi Ibualamo in Brazilian Candomblé. The Erinlẹ River , a tributary of the Osun River , takes his name. This article about Afro-American religion
1960-411: The kingdoms through a series of guilds and sects. Different states saw differing ratios of power between the kingship and the chiefs' council. Some, such as Oyo, had powerful, autocratic monarchs with almost total control, while in others such as the Ijebu city-states, the senatorial councils were supreme and the Ọba served as something of a figurehead. In all cases, however, Yoruba monarchs were subject to
2009-708: The majority of this population being ethnic Yoruba . Geo-physically, Yorubaland spreads north from the Gulf of Guinea and west from the Niger River into Benin and Togo . In the northern section, Yorubaland begins in the suburbs just west of Lokoja and continues unbroken up to the Ogooué River tributary of the Mono River in Togo , a distance of around 610 km. In the south, it begins in an area just west of
Erinlẹ - Misplaced Pages Continue
2058-447: The many distinct dialects of the Yoruba language, which although all mutually intelligible , have peculiar differences. The governments of these diverse people are quite intricate and each group and subgroup varies in their pattern of governance. In general, government begins at home with the immediate family. The next level is the extended family with its own head, an Olori-Ebi . A collection of distantly related extended families makes up
2107-424: The other from llobu to Ede, 24 kilometres. The town is linked by many roads, which are tarred and motorable. It has modern buildings, electricity, pipe-borne water, post office, telephone service, radio and television. 7°50′24″N 4°29′10″E / 7.84°N 4.486°E / 7.84; 4.486 Yorubaland in West Africa (white) Yorubaland ( Yoruba : Ilẹ̀ Káàárọ̀-Oòjíire )
2156-539: The right to choose his own chiefs, he is, himself, chosen by the kingmakers. In the palace, the Olobu has some palace officials called ' Oba ni nki o '. This is hierarchically set up with ' Baba kekere ' as its leader. The 'Baba kekere' is chosen by the reigning Olobu or his chiefs. The palace officials also include the Palace Chronicler in person of the Chief Drummer. The Olobu rules the town through
2205-443: The southern portions of Ogun and Ondo states ( Odigbo , Okitipupa and Irele ) play host to large plantations of oil palm and rubber. The northern and western portions of the region is characterized by tropical woodland savanna climate (Aw), with a single rainfall maxima. This area covers the northern two-thirds of Oyo, northwestern Ogun, Kwara, Kogi, Collines (Benin), northern half of Plateau department (Benin) and central Togo. It
2254-634: The terrain. These rivers flow in two general directions within the Yoruba country; southwards into the lagoons, estuaries and creeks which empty into the Atlantic Ocean , and northwards into the Niger river . Some southward flowing rivers include; The Osun and Shasha rivers which empty into the Lekki Lagoon , the Ogun River and its major tributaries; the Oyan and Ofiki which empties into
2303-519: The town's economy. Weaving and dyeing are the prominent traditional crafts. Ilobu is connected by road to Ogbomosho and Oshogbo. Population (1995) 194,400. The market attracts a lot of people from within and outside Ilobu most especially from around the neighbouring cities, towns and villages. One of the remarkable things about Olobu market is its size. It is normally held from morning to evening. Situated along Ilobu-Ire-akari-Erin Osun road, Adio market
2352-449: The way they live, govern themselves, their religion, language, dressing pattern, arts, festivals and the rules they set for themselves. They have a very strong sense of community and this has enhanced mutual understanding and meaningful development in the town. Ilobu is a big arts and crafts centre in Nigeria. These include metal crafts, blacksmithing,weaving, painting and sculpturing and leather work. The dyeing of clothes known as " adire "
2401-528: Was gradually expanded by protectorate treaties. These treaties proved decisive in the eventual annexation of the rest of Yorubaland and, eventually, of southern Nigeria and the Cameroons . In 1960, greater Yorubaland was subsumed into the Federal Republic of Nigeria . According to Yoruba historians, by the time the British came to colonize and subjugate Yorubaland first to itself and later to
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