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27-459: Eston Nab is a rocky outcrop hill in the town of Eston , Redcar and Cleveland , North Yorkshire , England. A nab is a rocky promontory, and Eston Nab, marking the highest point – at 242 metres (794 ft) – on the escarpment which forms Eston Hills, appears as a clear sandstone cliff on the northernmost edge of Eston Moor. It overlooks the town of Eston , which is part of Redcar and Cleveland , and can be seen from beyond Hartlepool on

54-487: A Community Benefit Society with 15,000 properties across Teesside and North Yorkshire. The council maintains a number of Local nature reserves . These are Guisborough Branch Walkway, Flatts Lane Woodland Country Park and Rosecroft Wood, Loftus Wood, Whitecliff Wood, Clarksons Wood, Errington Wood and Eston Moor . There are five civil parishes in the borough. The parish councils for Guisborough and Loftus have declared their parishes to be towns, allowing them to take

81-674: A continuous line along the top edge with lines protruding down; outcrops have a continuous line around each area of bare rock. An outcrop example in California is the Vasquez Rocks , familiar from location shooting use in many films , composed of uplifted sandstone . Yana is another example of outcrops, located in Uttara Kannada district in Karnataka , India . Redcar and Cleveland Redcar and Cleveland

108-546: A record of relative changes within geologic strata . Accurate description, mapping, and sampling for laboratory analysis of outcrops made possible all of the geologic sciences and the development of fundamental geologic laws such as the law of superposition , the principle of original horizontality , principle of lateral continuity , and the principle of faunal succession . On Ordnance Survey maps in Great Britain , cliffs are distinguished from outcrops: cliffs have

135-525: A voluntary organisation known as the 'Friends of Eston Hills'. A co-founder of the organisation was Craig Hornby, a local film-maker whose best-known work, A Century in Stone , tells the story of iron-stone mining in Eston Hills. The property acquired includes land around the area of the monument, between the privately owned Bauer Teesside site and Eston Moor, which is already in public hands. The monument

162-403: Is a unitary authority area with borough status in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire , England. Its council has been a unitary authority since 1996. The borough was created in 1974 as Langbaurgh , and was one of four boroughs in the non-metropolitan county of Cleveland . It was renamed Langbaurgh-on-Tees in 1988, and given its present name when Cleveland was abolished in 1996;

189-402: Is also used by Bauer Radio as a site for digital radio masts – broadcasting local radio from this convenient high spot. The advent of these communication towers was controversial when they were first installed, because the monument at Eston Nab, and the skyline that it was part of, had become such a familiar symbol of the area. As part of the mast installation a road was extended to the summit of

216-431: Is classed as lowland heath . Bird species found at the heath includes, lapwing , curlew , green woodpecker and linnet , whilst there are various butterflies and dragonflies. The area around Eston Nab is managed for its wildlife, archaeology and amenity. Many people use the hills for walking, cycling and horse riding. There are several self-guided walk leaflets, which take in points of interest. These are available at

243-493: Is in the form of a pillar made of sandstone bricks. It was originally built as a lookout tower and beacon to warn of invasion during the Napoleonic Wars in the early 19th century. With the advent of ironstone mining in Eston Hills, the beacon was used as a house and survived until 1956. It was then demolished and later rebuilt into its present form. A plaque on the side of the monument reads: This monument

270-506: Is placed here to mark the site of the beacon tower which was erected by Thomas Jackson of Lackenby about 1800 as a look-out post against invasion during the Napoleonic wars and which again served the same purpose in the second world war of 1939–1945. It stands within a Bronze Age fortified camp whose outer defences can be seen. Erected in 1956 . At only 242 metres (794 ft) above sea level at its highest point, Eston Nab

297-402: Is rapid and exceeds the weathering rate such as on steep hillsides, mountain ridges and tops, river banks, and tectonically active areas. In Finland , glacial erosion during the last glacial maximum (ca. 11000 BC), followed by scouring by sea waves, followed by isostatic uplift has produced many smooth coastal and littoral outcrops. Bedrock and superficial deposits may also be exposed at

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324-494: The Dorman Museum , Middlesbrough , in 1927, uncovered parts of an earthenware cremation urn , together with burnt bone and flint. These possibly dated from 1800 BC. There was a substantial Iron Age hill fort at Eston Nab. Boulder walls and ditches are still visible even though they were built in around 700 BC. Eston Hills, of which it is the highest point, had a warren of cavernous tunnels carved into them, to create

351-509: The ironstone mines that closed in 1949. They formed the original basis for the iron and steel industry on the River Tees and the building of Middlesbrough . Eston Nab featured in the film, A Century in Stone , a film about the Eston mines. The monument was shown as it was in the early 19th century. In early 2014, for the sum of £15,000, Eston Nab was purchased from its private owner by

378-475: The Earth's surface due to human excavations such as quarrying and building of transport routes. Outcrops allow direct observation and sampling of the bedrock in situ for geologic analysis and creating geologic maps . In situ measurements are critical for proper analysis of geological history and outcrops are therefore extremely important for understanding the geologic time scale of earth history. Some of

405-560: The Flatts Lane Woodland Country Park Visitor Centre, Normanby . The Eston Hills provide access to the wider countryside via the public right of way network. The land owned or managed by the Redcar and Cleveland Borough Council is mostly bordered by farmland. Eston Nab commands an excellent view of the nearby Roseberry Topping , which stands higher at 320 metres (1,050 ft). Eston Nab

432-539: The Nab. A Century in Stone https://www.pancrack.tv/century Rocky outcrop Outcrops do not cover the majority of the Earth's land surface because in most places the bedrock or superficial deposits are covered by soil and vegetation and cannot be seen or examined closely. However, in places where the overlying cover is removed through erosion or tectonic uplift , the rock may be exposed, or crop out . Such exposure will happen most frequently in areas where erosion

459-668: The UK's first wood-fired power station (Wilton 10), UK Wood Recycling Limited have a significant facility on the site providing waste wood to fuel Wilton 10. The Teesside Steelworks operated Europe's second largest blast furnace . The majority of the steelworks (including the Redcar blast furnace, Redcar and South Bank coke ovens and the BOS plant at Lackenby) closed in 2015, but the Teesside Beam Mill still operates, producing beams for

486-616: The borough was made a unitary authority in the same year. Redcar and Cleveland is part of the Tees Valley combined authority , which also includes the boroughs of Darlington , Middlesbrough , Hartlepool and Stockton-on-Tees ; the latter three were also formerly in Cleveland. Its main settlement is the town of Redcar . Other notable towns and villages include South Bank , Eston , Brotton , Guisborough , Greater Eston , Loftus , Saltburn-by-the-Sea and Skelton . The district

513-572: The construction industry. Coast and Country took over the ownership and management of homes from Redcar and Cleveland Borough Council in July 2002. In addition to providing core housing services the company has also invested in independent living services, including the development of a new Telecare service in partnership with the Borough Council. In 2018, Coast and Country merged with Yorkshire Coast Homes to form Beyond Housing Limited,

540-614: The greater district of the town of Redcar is the Chemical Industry located close to Wilton village on the Chemical Industry Park known internationally as Wilton. The chemical companies are all members of the Northeast of England Process Industry Cluster (NEPIC). The Wilton chemical site is owned by Singaporean utility company Sembcorp and companies operating there include SABIC who have recently built

567-553: The northern side of Tees Bay. It is the site of Bronze Age burial mounds and an Iron Age hill fort. However, regardless of all its history, to local people, the name of Eston Nab is synonymous with the monument that stands there. When families went out for a walk together – the monument at Eston Nab was the destination of choice. Remains from the Bronze Age have been found, such as flint arrowheads , possibly date back to between 6000 and 4000 BC. Frank Elgee, curator of

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594-718: The style "town council". The north-west of the borough, corresponding to the parts that were in the County Borough of Teesside between 1968 and 1974 (including Redcar and Eston and adjoining areas), is an unparished area . The parishes are: As of 2024, the borough has 24 wards represented by 59 councillors. These are named: Belmont, Brotton , Coatham , Dormanstown , Eston , Grangetown , Guisborough , Hutton , Kirkleatham , Lockwood , Loftus , Longbeck, Newcomen, Normanby , Ormesby , Saltburn , Skelton East, Skelton West, South Bank , St Germain's, Teesville , West Dyke, Wheatlands, and Zetland. Redcar and Cleveland

621-468: The types of information that cannot be obtained except from bedrock outcrops or by precise drilling and coring operations, are structural geology features orientations (e.g. bedding planes, fold axes, foliation ), depositional features orientations (e.g. paleo-current directions, grading, facies changes), paleomagnetic orientations. Outcrops are also very important for understanding fossil assemblages, and paleo-environment, and evolution as they provide

648-466: The world's largest low-density polyethylene plant (LDPE) and still operate an ethylene cracker. Lotte Chemicals are expanding both PTA and PET production. Huntsman manufacture polyurethane intermediates and Ensus have built Europe's largest bioethanol facility. Biffa Polymers now operate a polymer recycling plant that handles up to 30% of the UKs plastic milk bottles. While in support of Sembcorp, who built

675-542: Was created in 1974 as the borough of Langbaurgh, one of four districts of the new non-metropolitan county of Cleveland . It was formed from the Coatham, Eston Grange, Kirkleatham, Ormesby, Redcar and South Bank wards of the County Borough of Teesside , along with Guisborough , Loftus , Saltburn and Marske-by-the-Sea and Skelton and Brotton urban districts , from the North Riding of Yorkshire . The borough

702-440: Was named after the ancient Langbaurgh wapentake of Yorkshire . On 1 January 1988 the borough was renamed Langbaurgh-on-Tees. Cleveland County was abolished on 1 April 1996, with its districts becoming unitary authority areas. At this time Langbaurgh-on-Tees was renamed Redcar and Cleveland. Cleveland County was a two-tier local authority, with the county council being superior to its four districts, of which Langbaurgh-on-Tees

729-786: Was one. Upon becoming a unitary authority, Langbaurgh-on-Tees Borough Council was renamed Redcar and Cleveland Borough Council and acquired all the full rights and duties as a county, whilst retaining the same boundaries as before. The borough had a population of 135,200 in 2011. This is a chart of trend of regional gross 'value added' of South Teesside at current basic prices by the Office for National Statistics with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling. ^ includes hunting and forestry ^ includes energy and construction ^ includes financial intermediation services indirectly measured ^ Components may not sum to totals due to rounding The main industry within

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