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62-814: In 2017, FIFA fined the Estonian Football Association 30,000 Swiss francs (26,000 euros) and gave them a warning because of an incident where Bosnia and Herzegovina fans threw burning material onto the field. This article about sports in Estonia is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about an association football -related organization is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . FIFA The Fédération Internationale de Football Association ( lit.   ' International Federation of Association Football ' ), more commonly known by its acronym FIFA ( / ˈ f iː f ə / FEE -fə ),

124-736: A body called the International Football Association Board (IFAB). FIFA has members on its board (four representatives); the other four are provided by the football associations of the United Kingdom: England , Scotland , Wales , and Northern Ireland , who jointly established IFAB in 1882 and are recognized for the creation and history of the game. Changes to the Laws of the Game must be agreed upon by at least six delegates. The FIFA Statutes form

186-471: A machine." This stance was finally overturned on 3 March 2018, when the IFAB wrote video assistant referees (also known as VARs) into the Laws of the Game permanently. Their use remains optional for competitions. In early July 2012 FIFA sanctioned the use of goal-line technology, subject to rules specified by the International Football Association Board (IFAB), who had officially approved its use by amending

248-483: A member of the association. The first tournament FIFA staged, the association football competition for the 1908 Olympics in London was more successful than its Olympic predecessors, despite the presence of professional footballers, contrary to the founding principles of FIFA. Membership of FIFA expanded beyond Europe with the application of South Africa in 1909, Argentina in 1912, Canada and Chile in 1913, and

310-678: A single body to oversee association football became increasingly apparent at the beginning of the 20th century with the increasing popularity of international fixtures. The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) was founded in the rear of the headquarters of the Union des Sociétés Françaises de Sports Athlétiques (USFSA) at the Rue Saint Honoré 229 in Paris on 21 May 1904. The French name and acronym are universally adopted outside French-speaking countries. The founding members were

372-419: Is allowed to investigate present as well as previous allegations. In 2016, committee member Juan Pedro Damiani was being subjected to an internal investigation over the legal assistance he had provided as a lawyer to Eugenio Figueredo , a football official who had been charged by US authorities with wire fraud and money laundering, as part of the 2015 FIFA corruption case . After a preliminary investigation

434-485: Is awarded The Best FIFA Men's Player , and the top women's player is The Best FIFA Women's Player . Other prominent awards are The Best FIFA Football Coach and FIFA FIFPRO World 11 . In 2000, FIFA presented two awards, FIFA Club of the Century and FIFA Player of the Century , to decide the greatest football club and player of the 20th century. Real Madrid was the club winner, while Diego Maradona and Pelé were

496-493: Is best practice for any organization to remunerate audit reports, because "we can't start asking audit firms to do their job for free just to make sure they are independent." Much controversy also erupted around the question whether the IGC should be allowed to take a stance on earlier cases of potential corruption. Meanwhile, this issue has been codified in the 2012 FIFA Code of Ethics. The Ethics Committee's Investigatory Chamber has

558-436: Is governed by Swiss law, authorities there have largely ignored the allegations toward FIFA and its ethics committee until confronted by U.S. authorities in 2015. In 2010, Qatar was chosen to be the first Middle Eastern country to host a World Cup. Not only was this debated and controversial because of law differences, but also because of well-documented human rights atrocities. Sepp Blatter , former president and president at

620-723: Is held by the National Football Museum at Urbis in Manchester, England. The first World Cup was held in 1930 in Montevideo , Uruguay. The FIFA flag is blue, with the organization's wordmark logo in the middle. The current FIFA flag was first flown during the 2018 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony in Moscow, Russia. Akin to the UEFA Champions League , FIFA has adopted an anthem composed by

682-639: Is responsible for organizing and promoting football's major international tournaments , notably the World Cup which began in 1930, and the Women's World Cup which commenced in 1991. Although FIFA does not solely set the laws of the game , that being the responsibility of the International Football Association Board of which FIFA is a member, it applies and enforces the rules across all FIFA competitions. All FIFA tournaments generate revenue from sponsorships; in 2022, FIFA had revenues of over US$ 5.8 billion, ending

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744-547: Is the current president, elected on 26 February 2016 at an extraordinary FIFA Congress session after former president Sepp Blatter was suspended pending a corruption investigation . FIFA's worldwide organizational structure also consists of several other bodies under the authority of the FIFA Council or created by Congress as standing committees. Among those bodies are the FIFA Emergency Committee,

806-686: Is the international self-regulatory governing body of association football , beach soccer , and futsal . It was founded in 1904 to oversee international competition among the national associations of Belgium , Denmark , France , Germany , the Netherlands , Spain (represented by the Madrid Football Club ), Sweden , and Switzerland . Headquartered in Zurich , Switzerland, its membership now comprises 211 national associations . These national associations must also be members of one of

868-601: Is to investigate potential violations of the FIFA Code of Ethics . Investigations can be carried out at any time, on the discretion of the Investigatory Chamber. In prima facie cases, the chamber has to open investigations. The chamber has to inform all parties involved that an investigation is being carried out, except for situations in which such information could harm the investigations. Investigatory methods include written inquiries and interviews with

930-537: The FIFA Congress and can only be deposed from their offices by the FIFA Congress. The term of office is four years. Members can, however, be re-elected. Chairmen and deputy chairmen of both chambers have to be qualified to practice law and the individual members of the two chambers should be put together in order to ensure an overall high degree of qualifications with regard to their task. In addition,

992-873: The FIFA Ethics Committee , the Finance Committee, the Disciplinary Committee, and the Referees Committee. The FIFA Emergency Committee deals with all matters requiring immediate settlement in the time frame between the regular meetings of the FIFA Council . The Emergency Committee consists of the FIFA president as well as one member from each confederation. Emergency Committee decisions made are immediately put into legal effect, although they need to be ratified at

1054-756: The Iran–Iraq War , Saudi Arabia for its military intervention in Yemen , Qatar for its human rights violations , or the United States for the actions of the US military during the Iraq War . FIFA previously banned Indonesia due to government intervention within the team. FIFA requires members to play "with no influence from third parties". On October 23, 2024, a new controversy came up as allegations against FIFA were made by players from several countries claiming

1116-510: The Laws of the Game to permit (but not require) its use. This followed a high-profile incident during a second-round game in the 2010 FIFA World Cup between England and Germany, where a shot by Englishman Frank Lampard , which would have levelled the scores at 2–2 in a match that ultimately ended in a 4–1 German victory, crossed the line but was not seen to do so by the match officials, which led FIFA officials to declare that they would re-examine

1178-708: The US Department of Justice on charges including racketeering , wire fraud , and money laundering . On 27 May 2015, several of these officials were arrested by Swiss authorities, who launched a simultaneous but separate criminal investigation into how the organization awarded the 2018 and 2022 World Cups. Those among these officials who were also indicted in the US are expected to be extradited to face charges there as well. Many officials were suspended by FIFA's ethics committee including Sepp Blatter and Michel Platini . In early 2017, reports became public about FIFA president Gianni Infantino attempting to prevent

1240-462: The United States in 1914. The 1912 Spalding Athletic Library "Official Guide" includes information on the 1912 Olympics (scores and stories), AAFA, and FIFA. The 1912 FIFA President was Dan B Woolfall. Daniel Burley Woolfall was president from 1906 to 1918. During World War I , with many players sent off to war and the possibility of travel for international fixtures severely limited,

1302-551: The law of Switzerland . FIFA's supreme body is the FIFA Congress , an assembly of representatives from each affiliated member association. Each national football association has one vote, regardless of size or footballing strength. The Congress assembles in ordinary sessions once every year, and extraordinary sessions have been held once a year since 1998. Congress makes decisions relating to FIFA's governing statutes and their method of implementation and application. Only Congress can pass changes to FIFA's statutes. The congress approves

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1364-755: The list of national football teams and their respective country codes . The number of FIFA member associations is higher than the number of UN member states as FIFA has admitted associations from 23 non-sovereign entities as members in their own right, such as the four Home Nations within the United Kingdom and the two special administrative regions of China : Hong Kong and Macau . On 28 February 2022, FIFA suspended Russia from all competitions due to controversy surrounding Russia's invasion of Ukraine. FIFA can suspend countries due to numerous multifaceted issues. Common reasons include governance interference, corruption, and financial irregularities. Doping or

1426-485: The 2019–2022 cycle with a net positive of $ 1.2 billion, and cash reserves of over $ 3.9 billion. Reports by investigative journalists have linked FIFA leadership with corruption, bribery, and vote-rigging related to the election of FIFA president Sepp Blatter and the organization's decision to award the 2018 and 2022 World Cups to Russia and Qatar, respectively. These allegations led to the indictments of nine high-ranking FIFA officials and five corporate executives by

1488-746: The Adjudicatory Chamber has to finally decide on appropriate sanctions. Sanctions must relate to the three fundamental documents regulating the conduct of any person related to FIFA. These documents are the FIFA Code of Ethics , the FIFA Disciplinary Code and the FIFA Statutes . Thus, sanctions can range from warnings and reprimands for lesser cases of misbehavior up to lifelong bans on taking part in any football-related activity worldwide. The chairmen of FIFA's judicial bodies and their deputies are elected directly by

1550-539: The Challenge of Global Governance", the FIFA Ethics Committee's ignorant confusion towards its past reforms and public addresses don't suffice. Gill would go on to suggest that complete public transparency is the only viable avenue left for FIFA. Paul MacInnes of The Guardian continue to accuse The Ethics Committee of lacking decency and awareness to publicly recognize these problems. One problem that

1612-607: The Ethics Committee's members are being reviewed by the Audit and Compliance Committee, which in turn is being reviewed by the Investigatory Chamber of the Ethics Committee. In addition, the Ethics Committee conducts the integrity checks for the following FIFA offices: FIFA President , all members of the executive committee, chairman, deputy chairman and members of the Audit and Compliance Committee, and all chairmen, deputy chairmen and members of FIFA's judicial bodies, with

1674-653: The FIFA-structures. Pieth subsequently published a report with suggestions for an indepth reform of the Ethics Committee in order to establish a modernized body for FIFA-internal investigations and jurisdiction. The ICG was constituted as an external advisory board for FIFA by the Executive Committee on 17 December 2011. It had a mandate until the end of 2013. In the beginning, the IGC-report received substantial criticism, including from within

1736-823: The German composer Franz Lambert since the 1994 FIFA World Cup . It has been re-arranged and produced by Rob May and Simon Hill . The FIFA Anthem is played at the beginning of official FIFA sanctioned matches and tournaments such as international friendlies, the FIFA World Cup , FIFA Women's World Cup , FIFA U-20 World Cup , FIFA U-17 World Cup , Football at the Summer Olympics , FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup , FIFA Women's U-17 World Cup , FIFA Futsal World Cup , FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup and FIFA Club World Cup . Since 2007, FIFA has also required most of its broadcast partners to use short sequences including

1798-511: The IGC itself. Sylvia Schenk, sports adviser of Transparency International (TI), criticized that Pieth received payments from FIFA for his work. Schenk refrained from becoming a member of IGC. Roger A. Pielke, Jr. , who also authored an publication on the accountability of FIFA, stated in his blog The Least Thing that Pieth, or his Basel-based Institute of Governance, had received US$ 128,000 for his work and could therefore not be regarded as acting independent. Pieth, however, replied that it

1860-511: The aim of investigating allegations of corruption in football. In the beginning, the Ethics Committee was first headed by Sebastian Coe , and between 2010 and 2012 by the former Swiss football player and attorney at law Claudio Sulser . However, it was not until 2011 that Mark Pieth, a criminal law professor at the University of Basel , Switzerland, and head of the so-called FIFA Independent Governance Committee (IGC), started to assess

1922-588: The annual report and decides on the acceptance of new national associations, and holds elections. Congress elects the President of FIFA , its general secretary, and the other members of the FIFA Council in the year following the FIFA World Cup . FIFA Council – formerly called the FIFA Executive Committee and chaired by the president – is the organization's main decision-making body in the intervals of Congress. The council comprises 37 people:

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1984-547: The anthem at the beginning and end of FIFA event coverage and for break bumpers to help promote FIFA's sponsors. This emulates practices long used by international football events, such as the UEFA Champions League. Exceptions may be made for specific circumstances; for example, an original piece of African music was used for bumpers during the 2010 FIFA World Cup. Besides its worldwide institutions, there are six confederations recognized by FIFA which oversee

2046-567: The bidding process as a whole were far from reaching any threshold that would require returning to the bidding process, let alone reopening it". Following suggestions of the IGC's first report in 2012, the FIFA Executive Committee decided to establish two independent entities, the Investigatory Chamber and the Adjudicatory Chamber , headed by experienced and independent legal professionals. The Ethics Committee

2108-451: The case of two former Ireland internationals . As a direct result of this controversy, FIFA modified this ruling the following year to accommodate transfers between leagues with out-of-phase seasons. FIFA now permits the use of video evidence during matches, as well as for subsequent sanctions. However, for most of FIFA's history it stood opposed to its use. The 1970 meeting of the International Football Association Board "agreed to request

2170-507: The competency and discipline to address them. A lack of consideration of human rights in the committee showed that, while the public recognized the difficulties with selecting Qatar as the next host, they were willing to look past these claims by the media/public. Qatar's recent history with media claims of tolerating human rights atrocities and having a disregard for FIFA's policies proved a difficult task for FIFA to handle and cover up. FIFA announced its first human rights policy in 2017 following

2232-423: The decision for Qatar to host the 2022 World Cup. The conversation surrounding human rights violations started primarily in reference to Qatar's mistreatment involving migrant workers which make up 90% of its labor force. In addition to human rights violations, the FIFA Ethics Committee gave Qatar the go ahead despite the controversy surrounding its temperatures of 50 degrees Celsius (122 degrees Fahrenheit) during

2294-419: The game in the different continents and regions of the world. National associations, and not the continental confederations, are members of FIFA. The continental confederations are provided for in FIFA's statutes, and membership of a union is a prerequisite to FIFA membership. In total, FIFA recognizes 211 national associations and their associated men's national teams as well as 129 women's national teams; see

2356-537: The independence criteria set up in the Standing Orders of the Congress . To ensure that the independence criteria are met by the respective committee members, annual reviews of the incumbent chairmen and deputy chairmen as well as candidates for chairmen and deputy chairmen of the Ethics Committee and the Audit and Compliance Committee are mandatory. Reviews must be conducted by another committee. Therefore,

2418-466: The joint player's winners. Men's Women's Men's Women's Individual Team (Paulo Henrique Chaves) (Pedro Henrique Soares) (Paulo Neto) [REDACTED] (Levi de Weerd) (Manuel Bachoore) (Emre Yilmaz) The following table has the Top 20 ranked men's football countries worldwide. The following table has the Top 20 ranked women's football countries in

2480-549: The members of the Ethics Committee should also represent the respective FIFA member associations in an appropriate way. The members of FIFA's judicial bodies must not serve as members of the executive committee or any other of FIFA's standing committees. The chairmen and deputy chairmen of the two chambers of the Ethics Committee as well as the chairman of the FIFA Audit and Compliance Committee have to fulfill

2542-477: The members of the committee had their salaries doubled from $ 100,000 to $ 200,000 during the year. The report also said leaked documents had indicated $ 4.4 million in secret bonuses had been paid to the committee members following the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa. The laws that govern football known officially as the Laws of the Game , are not solely the responsibility of FIFA; they are maintained by

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2604-455: The misappropriation of drugs is also a consideration for expulsion. The FIFA Men's World Rankings are updated monthly and rank each team based on their performance in international competitions, qualifiers, and friendly matches. There is also a world ranking for women's football , amended on a quarterly schedule. FIFA's headquarters is in Zürich , and it is an association established under

2666-697: The national associations of Belgium , Denmark , France , the Netherlands , Spain (represented by then- Real Madrid CF ; the Royal Spanish Football Federation was not created until 1913), Sweden and Switzerland . On the same day, the German Football Association (DFB) declared its intention to affiliate through a telegram. The first president of FIFA was Robert Guérin . Guérin was replaced in 1906 by Daniel Burley Woolfall from England , by then

2728-479: The next Executive Committee meeting. FIFA publishes its results according to International Financial Reporting Standards . The total compensation for the management committee in 2011 was 30 million for 35 people. Blatter, the only full-time person on the committee, earned approximately two million Swiss francs, 1.2 million in salary, and the rest in bonuses. A report in London's The Sunday Times in June 2014 said

2790-466: The obvious exception of the Ethics Committee itself, which is checked by the Audit and Compliance Committee. No FIFA committee is allowed to review or check its own members. Since 1998, FIFA has implemented an increasing number of rules and regulations intended to modernize and improve the accountability and transparency of its governance processes. In the wake of accusations of bribery of referees in 2006, FIFA decided to create an Ethics Committee, with

2852-413: The organization did not pay them agreed sums of money. The total reaching with sums reaching up to £3m. According to reports Four hundred and twenty players did not get payed as agreed with FIFA. FIFA holds an annual awards ceremony, The Best FIFA Football Awards since 2016 , which recognizes both individual and team achievements in international association football. Individually, the top men's player

2914-545: The organization's survival was in doubt. Post-war, following the death of Woolfall, the organization was run by Dutchman Carl Hirschmann . It was saved from extinction but at the cost of the withdrawal of the Home Nations (of the United Kingdom), who cited an unwillingness to participate in international competitions with their World War enemies. The Home Nations later resumed their membership. The FIFA collection

2976-414: The overarching document guiding FIFA's governing system. The governing system is divided into separate bodies with the appropriate powers to create a system of checks and balances. It consists of four general bodies: the Congress, the executive committee, the general Secretariat, and standing and ad hoc committees. FIFA frequently takes active roles in the running of the sport and developing the game around

3038-435: The parties and other witnesses. Investigations can, if necessary, be conducted by several members of the chamber and can also be assisted by third parties. At the end of an investigation, the chamber delivers a final report to the Adjudicatory Chamber. Should new and important information regarding an investigation come to light, however, the chamber can reopen an investigatory process. The Adjudicatory Chamber has to review

3100-486: The president; 8 vice-presidents; and 28 members from the confederations, with at least one of them being a woman. The executive committee is the body that decides which country will host the World Cup. The president and the general secretary are the main office holders of FIFA and are in charge of its daily administration, carried in by the general secretariat, with its staff of approximately 280 members. Gianni Infantino

3162-530: The re-elections of both chairmen of the ethics committee, Cornel Borbély and Hans-Joachim Eckert , during the FIFA congress in May 2017. On 9 May 2017, following Infantino's proposal, FIFA Council decided not to renew the mandates of Borbély and Eckert. Together with the chairmen, 11 of 13 committee members were removed. FIFA has been suspected of corruption regarding the Qatar 2022 FIFA World Cup . The need for

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3224-471: The reports of the Investigatory Chamber and decide whether a case should be proceeded or closed. The Adjudicatory Chamber has the right to return a report to the Investigatory Chamber or carry out further investigations on its own behalf. After reviewing a report of the Investigatory Chamber and after conducting further investigations if deemed necessary, the Adjudicatory Chamber sends a report to all parties involved and asks for their statements. In addition,

3286-564: The right to investigate into previous allegations of bribery. The FIFA Ethics Committee has a history of corruption and controversy. The 2014 World Cup in Brazil was criticized for fraudulent billing and producing hundreds of tons of waste from the building and usage of stadiums. From 2014 onwards, pressure began to build as both public and general media recognized inconsistencies and policy violations across FIFA-run tournaments. According to Sahiba Gill, author of "Whose Game? FIFA, Corruption, and

3348-457: The six regional confederations: CAF (Africa), AFC (Asia and Australia), UEFA (Europe), CONCACAF (North & Central America and the Caribbean), OFC (Oceania), and CONMEBOL (South America). FIFA outlines several objectives in its organizational statutes, including growing football internationally, ensuring it is accessible to everyone, and advocating for integrity and fair play. It

3410-400: The summer months. This is another public criticism that wasn't confronted despite the numerous complaints mentioning heat exhaustion and the countless other bids from countries that would be far more suitable as a host. Speaking on Qatar's questionable behavior, Hans-Joachim Eckert , head of the adjudicatory arm of FIFA's ethics committee, mentioned that "the effects of these occurrences on

3472-402: The television authorities to refrain from any slow-motion play-back which reflected, or might reflect, adversely on any decision of the referee". As recently as 2008 FIFA president Sepp Blatter said: "Let it be as it is and let's leave [football] with errors. The television companies will have the right to say [the referee] was right or wrong, but still, the referee makes the decision – a man, not

3534-413: The time of selection, was quoted saying that "It was a bad choice". Despite this, the FIFA Ethics Committee gave the seal of approval on Qatar as the 2022 World Cup host. The FIFA Ethics Committee was put in place to police and regulate foul play and poor decisions made by FIFA representatives. The committee's history with policy violations and human rights debates have attracted concerns that FIFA lacks

3596-635: The use of goal-line technology . On 28 February 2022, due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and by a recommendation by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), FIFA suspended the participation of Russia. The Russian Football Union unsuccessfully appealed the FIFA ban to the Court of Arbitration for Sport, which upheld the ban. Some observers, while approving of the boycott of Russia, have pointed out that FIFA did not boycott Saddam Hussein's Iraq as an aggressor during

3658-587: The world. FIFA Ethics Committee The FIFA Ethics Committee is one of FIFA 's three judicial bodies. It is organized in two chambers, the Investigatory Chamber and the Adjudicatory Chamber . Its duties are regulated by several official documents, most importantly the FIFA Code of Ethics . FIFA's other judicial bodies are the Disciplinary Committee and the Appeal Committee . The Investigatory Chamber's main task

3720-516: The world. One of its sanctions is to suspend teams and associated members from international competition when a government interferes in the running of FIFA's associate member organizations or if the associate is not functioning correctly. A 2007 FIFA ruling that a player can be registered with a maximum of three clubs and appear in official matches for a maximum of two in a year measured from 1 July to 30 June has led to controversy, especially in those countries whose seasons cross that date barrier, as in

3782-408: Was opened by the Ethics Committee's Investigatory Chamber, Damiani resigned from the Ethics Committee on 6 April 2016. In early 2017 reports became public about FIFA president Gianni Infantino attempting to prevent the re-elections of both chairmen of the ethics committee during the FIFA congress in May 2017. On 9 May 2017, following Infantino's proposal, the FIFA Council decided not to renew

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3844-603: Was recognized by the committee in 2014 was that of bribery involving referees receiving expensive watches from Brazilian higher-ups. A document from the United States Department of Justice described in full detail the sentencing of nine FIFA officials and five FIFA executives. Not only was this blatant and beyond face-saving, but was detrimental to the tournament and its no-tolerance policies against bribery. Scholars estimate that FIFA's past two decades of corruption totals around $ 150 million. Even though FIFA

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