Estrie ( French pronunciation: [ɛstʁi] ) is an administrative region of Quebec that comprises the Eastern Townships . Estrie , a French neologism , was coined as a derivative of est , "east". Originally settled by anglophones, today it is about 90 per cent francophone. Anglophones are concentrated in Lennoxville , home of the region's only English-speaking university, Bishop's University . The Eastern Townships School Board runs 20 elementary schools, three high schools, and a learning centre.
17-469: The region originally consisted of 6 regional county municipalities . In 2021, La Haute-Yamaska & Brome-Missisquoi joined Estrie, transferring from Montérégie . While the economy of the area is mainly based on agriculture, forestry, and mining, tourist attractions include four Sépaq parks: Yamaska , Mont-Orford , Frontenac , and Mont-Mégantic , ski resorts at Mont Brome and Mont Orford , and agritourism . 2021 Canadian census Estrie has
34-481: A few minor differences from that of ville . However it is moot since there are no longer any cities in existence. Dorval and Côte Saint-Luc had the status of city when they were amalgamated into Montreal on January 1, 2002 as part of the municipal reorganization in Quebec ; however, when re-constituted as independent municipalities on January 1, 2006, it was with the status of town ( French : ville ) (although
51-616: A population of 377,701 according to the 2021 Canadian Census. Out of 326,955 singular responses the most common out of them are as follows. Estrie has a majority European population but it does have a diverse group of minorities. The most commonly described ethnic groups amongst the 328,025 responses are as follows Francophone: Anglophone: 45°28′53.6″N 71°40′4.5″W / 45.481556°N 71.667917°W / 45.481556; -71.667917 Regional county municipalities The term regional county municipality or RCM ( French : municipalité régionale de comté, MRC )
68-405: A unique five-digit geographical code. The first two digits are the code of the census division in which the municipality is located. For a list of all municipalities in Quebec together with their legal status , geographical code and date of incorporation, see List of the official municipalities of Québec , Institut de la Statistique du Québec (ISQ). The ISQ includes the six Indian settlements in
85-478: Is desired, for example for the census, the Indian reserve enclaves are added in to create "geographical RCMs", and the urban agglomerations are considered to be "territories equivalent to an RCM". The council of a RCM is composed of the mayors of the member municipalities as well as the warden. The warden is usually elected by and from the council by secret ballot. Universal suffrage may also be used. The warden's term
102-453: Is that the designation might serve to disambiguate between otherwise identically named municipalities, often neighbouring ones. Many such cases have had their names changed, or merged with the identically named nearby municipality since the 1950s, such as the former Township of Granby and City of Granby merging and becoming the Town of Granby in 2007. Municipalities are governed primarily by
119-469: Is two years when elected by council or four years when elected by universal suffrage. A MRC must: RCMs, in their definition as political units, do not cover the entire territory of Quebec. The local municipalities of Quebec (and equivalent Aboriginal territories) not belonging to an RCM fall into the following categories: For provincial statistical purposes, the Institut de la Statistique du Québec uses
136-477: Is used in Quebec , Canada to refer to one of 87 county -like political entities. In some older English translations they were called county regional municipality . Regional county municipalities are a supralocal type of regional municipality , and act as the local municipality in unorganized territories within their borders. The system of regional county municipalities was introduced beginning in 1979 to replace
153-572: The Code municipal du Québec (Municipal Code of Québec, R.S.Q. c. C-27.1), whereas cities and towns are governed by the Loi sur les cités et villes (Cities and Towns Act, R.S.Q. c. C-19) as well as (in the case of the older ones) various individual charters. The very largest communities in Quebec are colloquially called cities; however there are currently no municipalities under the province's current legal system classified as cities. Quebec's government uses
170-693: The Ministry of Municipal Affairs, Regions and Land Occupancy and compiled by the Institut de la statistique du Québec Not included are the urban agglomerations in Quebec , which, although they group together multiple municipalities, exercise only what are ordinarily local municipal powers. A list of local municipal units in Quebec by regional county municipality can be found at List of municipalities in Quebec . All municipalities (except cities), whether township, village, parish, or unspecified ones, are functionally and legally identical. The only difference
187-481: The historic counties of Quebec . In most cases, the territory of an RCM corresponds to that of a census division ; however, there are a few exceptions. Some local municipalities are outside any regional county municipality ( hors MRC ). This includes some municipalities within urban agglomerations and also some aboriginal lands, such as Indian reserves that are enclaves within the territory of an RCM but not juridically part of it. Where complete territorial coverage
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#1732772803272204-557: The English term town as the translation for the French term ville , and township for canton . The least-populated towns in Quebec ( Barkmere , with a population of about 60, or L'Île-Dorval , with less than 10) are much smaller than the most populous municipalities of other types ( Saint-Charles-Borromée and Sainte-Sophie , each with populations of over 13,300). The title city ( French : cité code=C) still legally exists, with
221-493: The following system so that the entire territory of Quebec is divided into 104 units known as municipalités régionales de comté géographiques (MRCG) "geographical regional county municipalities". Indian reserves which would, but for their status as Indian reserves, belong to a certain RCM in the political sense are included in the geographical RCM corresponding to that RCM. There are 86 MRCGs of this kind, one for each RCM. The rest of
238-682: The list, whereas the Répertoire des municipalités of the Ministère des Affaires municipales et régionales does not list them as separate from the legal municipalities or unorganized territories in which they are located. Both sources include all other types of Aboriginal communities. Types of municipalities in Quebec The following is a list of the types of local and supralocal territorial units in Quebec , Canada, including those used solely for statistical purposes, as defined by
255-468: The most part, Census Divisions consist of a single RCM or TE (territory equivalent to an RCM), exactly as defined above. The only exceptions are five census divisions divided into 11 RCMs or TEs, two or three each. For a list, see List of regional county municipalities and equivalent territories in Quebec used as census divisions . All local municipalities, equivalent Aboriginal territories, Indian settlements and unorganized territories in Quebec are assigned
272-456: The municipal government of Dorval still uses the name Cité de Dorval). Prior to January 1, 1995, the code for municipalité was not M but rather SD ( sans désignation ; that is, unqualified municipality). Prior to 2004, there was a single code, TR, to cover the modern-day TC and TK. When the distinction between TC and TK was introduced, it was made retroactive to 1984, date of the federal Cree-Naskapi (of Quebec) Act (S.C. 1984, c. 18). There
289-408: The province is grouped into 16 " territories equivalent to an RCM " (French: territoires équivalents à une MRC or territoires équivalents , abbreviated TÉ ), which are also considered to be MRCGs. This is done as follows. Census divisions (CDs) are used for statistical purposes by Statistics Canada. Quebec is divided into 98 CDs, each of which is assigned a unique two-digit geographical code. For
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