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16-652: José María Estudillo is the founder of the family. He was one of the first settlers of San Diego and a celebrated military officer. He served twice as Commandant of the Presidio of San Diego (1820-1821 and 1827-1830). He built the Casa de Estudillo of San Diego , a National Historical Landmark. During an 1823 expedition through the Coachella Valley , he first recorded the existence of thermal springs near modern-day Palm Springs, California . José Joaquín Estudillo

32-645: A National Historic Landmark in its own right. José Antonio Estudillo was the grantee of Rancho Janal . Estudillo's other children were José Joaquin Estudillo , grantee of Rancho San Leandro , on the eastern shore of the San Francisco Bay ; María Dolores Estudillo, who married Juan Bandini ; and Magdalena Estudillo, the grantee who received Rancho Otay . In December 1823 he was diarist with Brevet Captain José Romero when they were sent to find

48-626: A large L-shaped adobe house for his father on land granted by Governor José María de Echeandía . The adobe was later enlarged and became U-shaped. The house is still standing, known as Casa de Estudillo , and is one of the oldest surviving buildings in California. It is located in Old Town San Diego State Historic Park , on the southeast side of the Old Town San Diego plaza, and is designated

64-587: A route from Sonora (Mexico) to Alta California ; on their expedition they first recorded the existence of Agua Caliente (hot water) at Palm Springs, California . Presidio of San Diego El Presidio Real de San Diego ( Royal Presidio of San Diego ) is a historic fort in San Diego, California . It was established on May 14, 1769, by Gaspar de Portolá , leader of the first European land exploration of Alta California —at that time an unexplored northwestern frontier area of New Spain . The presidio

80-761: Is open to the public as a museum. The Estudillo House in Riverside is a city landmark. José Joaquin Estudillo founded the city of San Leandro , which is named after his Rancho San Leandro . Similarly, José Antonio Estudillo founded the town of San Jacinto, California , which is named after his Rancho San Jacinto . Estudillo Elementary School in San Jacinto is named after José Antonio Estudillo . Estudillo Street in Martinez and San Diego , as well as Estudillo Avenue in San Leandro , are named after

96-582: The Casa de Estudillo of San Leandro , a Californian Historic Landmark. José Antonio Estudillo was born in Monterey in 1803. He enlisted as a soldier at the Presidio of San Diego . He served one term as Alcalde of San Diego (mayor), from 1837 to 1839, and twice as acting mayor, in 1845 and 1846. He was granted Rancho Janal in 1829 and Rancho San Jacinto Viejo in 1842. He served as the first San Diego County Assessor in 1850. José Guadalupe Estudillo

112-615: The attack, the Spaniards built a stockade which was finished in March 1770. It included two bronze cannons: one pointed to the bay, the other to the nearby Indian village. In 1773 and 1774, adobe structures were built to replace the temporary wood and brush huts. Later in 1774, the mission was moved a few miles up Mission Valley to separate the Kumeyaay from the influence of the presidial garrison. By 1783, there were 54 troops stationed at

128-818: The collection of the San Diego Historical Society (now the San Diego History Center). Serra Museum is sometimes incorrectly referred to as the Presidio, but in fact nothing remains of the original Presidio. Marston donated the park and museum to the city in 1929. Presidio Park is still owned by the city of San Diego; the Serra Museum is managed by the San Diego History Center. No historical structures remain in Presidio Park today. The Presidio site

144-580: The family. Jos%C3%A9 Mar%C3%ADa Estudillo José María Estudillo (died April 8, 1830) was a Spanish-born Californio military officer and early settler of San Diego . He is the founder of the Estudillo family of California and served as Commandant of the Presidio of San Diego . Commandant of the Presidio of San Diego from October 23, 1820, to September 1821 and again from 1827 to his death in 1830. Estudillo married Gertrudis Horcasitas. In 1827 Estudillo's son, José Antonio Estudillo , built

160-567: The foot of Presidio Hill. In 1907, George Marston , a wealthy department store owner, bought Presidio Hill with an interest to preserve the site. Unable to attract public funding, Marston built a private park in 1925 with the help of architect John Nolen . He also funded the Junípero Serra Museum , designed by William Templeton Johnson and built in 1928–1929 in Spanish Revival style architecture, to house and showcase

176-522: The presidio. With Mexican independence in 1821, the presidio came under Mexican control, and was officially relinquished by the Spanish on April 20, 1822. From 1825–1829, it served as the Mexican governor's residence. The presidio was abandoned by 1835 and fell to ruins, because settlers preferred to live in the more accessible town—present-day Old Town San Diego State Historic Park —which developed at

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192-474: Was born in Monterey in 1800. He enlisted as an officer at aged 15 and served at the Presidio of Monterey . He later served one term as Alcalde of San Francisco (mayor) from 1835 to 1836. He was in charge of the secularization of Mission San Francisco de Asís at the beginning of 1835. He was granted Rancho San Leandro in Contra Costa in 1837 and later founded the city of San Leandro . There he built

208-519: Was born in San Diego in 1838. He served as 10th California State Treasurer (1875 to 1880) and as 13th mayor of San Diego (1868 to 1869). He also served as Treasurer of San Diego County from 1864 to 1875. The Casa de Estudillo in San Diego is a National Historical Landmark. The Casa de Estudillo in San Leandro is a California Historic Landmark . The Estudillo Mansion in San Jacinto

224-525: Was made until the fort was begun in May 1769. On July 16, 1769, Mission San Diego de Alcalá was established by Junípero Serra on Presidio Hill. The presidio had a commanding view of San Diego Bay and the Pacific Ocean, allowing the Spanish to see potential intruders. Less than a month after the mission was established, a Kumeyaay uprising occurred; four Spaniards were wounded and a boy was killed. After

240-635: Was registered as a California Historical Landmark in 1932, then declared a National Historic Landmark in 1960. Prior to occupation by the Spanish, the site of the Presidio was home to the Kumeyaay people (called the Diegueños by the Spaniards). The first Europeans to explore San Diego Bay and its environs were members of the maritime expedition led by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo in 1542. Sebastián Vizcaíno visited again in 1602, but no settlement

256-570: Was the first permanent European settlement on the Pacific coast of the present-day United States. As the first of the presidios and Spanish missions in California , it was the base of operations for the Spanish colonization of California. The associated Mission San Diego de Alcalá later moved a few miles away. Essentially abandoned by 1835, the site of the original Presidio lies on a hill within present-day Presidio Park , although no historic structures remain above ground. The San Diego Presidio

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