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126-703: Every year, the European Film Academy honors films and filmmakers with the European Film Awards. The ceremony takes place every even year in a different European city and every odd year in Berlin. The European Film Academy, originally under the name European Cinema Society, was founded in 1989 by Swedish director Ingmar Bergman and an additional 40 filmmakers from across Europe, including Bernardo Bertolucci , Claude Chabrol , Dušan Makavejev , István Szabó , and Wim Wenders . Bergman became

252-410: A Blu-ray disc box set comprising 39 of Bergman's features. The set spans Bergman's early career, beginning in the 1940s, up to his final film in 2003. The films are organized non-chronologically, and are instead presented in four groupings that mimic the procession of a film festival . Accompanying the discs is a book featuring critical essays on each of the films, intended to guide the viewer through

378-435: A "genuine movie addict". At the same time, a romantic involvement led to a physical confrontation with his father which resulted in a break in their relationship which lasted for many years. Although he did not graduate from the university, he wrote a number of plays and an opera, and became an assistant director at a local theatre. In 1942, he was given the opportunity to direct one of his own scripts, Caspar's Death . The play

504-700: A 14-month period from November 1 to December 31 prior to the Awards. However, if a film was not released in its country of origin due to censorship, it can still qualify if it had a one-week release in the United States during the qualifying calendar year. There is no limit to the number of submitted films from a given country. A TV program must air in the United States between the prime time hours of 8 p.m. and 11 p.m. (or 7 p.m. and 11 p.m. on Sundays). A show can air on broadcast television , on basic or premium cable, or by digital delivery; it does not qualify if it

630-677: A Summer Night (1955), The Virgin Spring (1960), Through a Glass Darkly (1961), Winter Light and The Silence (both 1963), Shame (1968), Cries and Whispers (1972), Scenes from a Marriage (1973), and Autumn Sonata (1978). He was also ranked No. 8 on the magazine's 2002 "Greatest Directors of All Time" list. Bergman directed more than 60 films and documentaries, most of which he also wrote, for both cinema releases and television screenings. Most of his films were set in Sweden, and many of his films from 1961 onward were filmed on

756-403: A TV film or miniseries must appear in at least five percent of the time in that TV film or miniseries. Entry forms for films need to be received within ten days of the official screening. TV programs should be submitted "as early as possible" before the deadline. For TV programs, they must merely be available to be seen by voters in any common format, including the original TV broadcast. As of

882-469: A broadcast rights agreement with NBC. Due to threats of writers picketing the event as part of the ongoing Writers Guild of America strike , the 65th Golden Globe Awards ceremony was cancelled and replaced by an hour-long press conference to announce the winners. While NBC sought to be the exclusive broadcaster of the press conference, the network faced conflicts with the HFPA and Dick Clark Productions over

1008-478: A conversation he had with Erland Josephson helped him to believe that he would see Ingrid again. He said, "I'm not actually afraid of dying. On the contrary, really. I think it'll be interesting." In 2012, Max von Sydow stated in an interview with Charlie Rose that he had had many discussions with Bergman about religion which seemed to indicate that Bergman believed in an afterlife, with von Sydow even claiming that Bergman contacted him after his passing to prove there

1134-475: A crimson color scheme for Cries and Whispers (1972), which received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Picture . He also produced extensively for Swedish television at this time. Two works of note were Scenes from a Marriage ( Scener ur ett äktenskap , 1973) and The Magic Flute ( Trollflöjten , 1975). On 30 January 1976, while rehearsing August Strindberg 's The Dance of Death at

1260-495: A discussion with Ayoade on Bergman's 1966 film, Persona , before a screening. After Bergman died, a large archive of notes was donated to the Swedish Film Institute . Among the notes are several unpublished and unfinished scripts both for stage and films, and many more ideas for works in different stages of development. A never-performed play has the title Kärlek utan älskare ("Love without lovers"), and has

1386-753: A five-year agreement with CBS to continue airing the Golden Globes; the agreement also includes rights to the DCP-produced American Music Awards beginning in 2025, which had gone on hiatus after 2022 when its contract with ABC expired. In acting categories, Meryl Streep holds the record for the most competitive wins with eight, followed by Alan Alda , Angela Lansbury , Shirley MacLaine , Jack Nicholson and Nicole Kidman who have six awards each. Behind them are Ed Asner , Carol Burnett , Laura Dern , Jessica Lange , Rosalind Russell , and Kate Winslet with five. At

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1512-557: A globe raised on four tall pillars, was named for the president of the FPAH, Henry Gris. Winners of the Henrietta for World Film Favorite were Gregory Peck and Jane Wyman . At the FPAH's second World Film Favorite Festival held January 26, 1952, the Henrietta was a large statuette of a naked woman holding a flower. Based on an international poll of 900 newspapers, magazines and radio stations, Alan Ladd and Esther Williams were presented

1638-699: A name for himself early on. His first work after graduation was as a trainee-director at a Stockholm theatre. At twenty-six years, he became the youngest theatrical manager in Europe at the Helsingborg City Theatre . He stayed at Helsingborg for three years and then became the director at Gothenburg city theatre from 1946 to 1949. He became director of the Malmö City Theatre in 1953, and remained for seven years. Many of his star actors were people with whom he began working on stage. He

1764-595: A play with the title Från sperm till spöke ("From sperm to spook"). The Swedish director Marcus Lindeen went through the material, and inspired by Kärlek utan älskare he took samples from many of the works and turned them into a play, titled Arkivet för orealiserbara drömmar och visioner ("The archive for unrealisable dreams and visions"). Lindeen's play premiered on 28 May 2012 at the Stockholm City Theatre . In 2018, in honor of Bergman's 100th birthday, The Criterion Collection compiled and released

1890-540: A reform package, including a 50% increase in members over the next 18 months, as well as new positions, term limits, and practices to improve its accountability. However, Time's Up and a group of 100 PR firms criticized the lack of given timelines for filling some of the new management positions, arguing that they would not be completed soon enough to have any material impact on the cycle of the upcoming 79th Golden Globe Awards in January 2022. Time's Up further argued that

2016-443: A response what he viewed as Håkanson's implication that students "who did not fit some arbitrary prescription of worthiness deserved the system's cruel neglect". Bergman also stated in the letter that he "hated school as a principle, as a system and as an institution. And as such I have definitely not wanted to criticize my own school, but all schools." The international success of this film led to Bergman's first opportunity to direct

2142-495: A series of activities dealing with film politics as well as economic, artistic, and training aspects. The program includes conferences, seminars, and workshops, with a common goal is to build a bridge between creativity and the industry. Some of the academy's events have become an institution for meetups within the European film community. Some of these events are: The annual European Film Awards ceremony (known as FELIX until 1997)

2268-481: A settlement; details were not released, but DCP committed to continue its role as producer through at least the end of its current contract with NBC, and to work with the HFPA to "expand the brand with unique and exciting entertainment experiences". NBC held a right of first refusal to renew its contract beyond 2018, but bidding was to be open to other broadcasters; in September 2018, NBC agreed to renew its rights to

2394-569: A seven-day run in the Greater Los Angeles area , starting prior to midnight on December 31. Films can be released in theaters, on pay-per-view , or by digital delivery. For the Best Foreign Language Film category, films do not need to be released in the United States. At least 51 percent of the dialogue must be in a language other than English, and they must first be released in their country of origin during

2520-486: A special honorary award to recognize outstanding contributions to the entertainment industry. Recognizing its subject as an international figure within the entertainment industry, the first award was presented to director and producer Cecil B. DeMille . The official name of the award thus became the Cecil B. DeMille Award . In January 1954, the two organizations held a joint ceremony, and the following year, they merged under

2646-433: A trilogy or cinematic triptych . Bergman initially responded that he did not plan these three films as a trilogy and that he could not see any common motifs in them, but he later seemed to adopt the notion, with some equivocation. His parody of the films of Federico Fellini , All These Women ( För att inte tala om alla dessa kvinnor ) was released in 1964. Persona (1966), starring Bibi Andersson and Liv Ullmann,

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2772-407: A year later. During the next ten years he wrote and directed more than a dozen films, including Prison ( Fängelse ) in 1949, as well as Sawdust and Tinsel ( Gycklarnas afton ) and Summer with Monika ( Sommaren med Monika ), both released in 1953. Bergman first achieved worldwide success with Smiles of a Summer Night ( Sommarnattens leende , 1955), which won for "Best poetic humour" and

2898-484: A year, he had created a private world by playing with this toy in which he felt completely at home. He fashioned his own scenery, marionettes , and lighting effects and gave puppet productions of Strindberg plays in which he spoke all the parts." Bergman attended the Palmgren School as a teenager. His school years were unhappy, and he remembered them unfavourably in later years. In a 1944 letter concerning

3024-466: Is a film Bergman considered one of his most important works. While the highly experimental film won few awards, it has been considered his masterpiece. Other films of the period include The Virgin Spring ( Jungfrukällan , 1960), Hour of the Wolf ( Vargtimmen , 1968), Shame ( Skammen , 1968) and The Passion of Anna ( En Passion , 1969). With his cinematographer Sven Nykvist , Bergman made use of

3150-627: Is active and has members in 52 countries, including those in geographical Europe as well as Israel and Palestine . The European Film Academy is mainly funded by the Stiftung Deutsche Klassenlotterie Berlin (German National Lottery), the German State Minister for Culture and the Media, and Medienboard Berlin-Brandenburg. The presentation of the European Film Awards is financed independently from

3276-487: Is always in my head. He is part of my upbringing and I was fortunate to meet him and get advice from him." Writer and director Richard Ayoade counts Bergman as one of his inspirations. In 2017, the British Film Institute (BFI) hosted an Ingmar Bergman season and Ayoade said in a Guardian interview that he saw everything in it, "which was one of the best two months ever." The BFI's programme included

3402-681: Is humiliating" and joked that the private lavatories he secured at the theatres in which he worked represented his "most lasting contribution to the history of theatre." In 1958, he won the Best Director award for Brink of Life at the Cannes Film Festival , and won the Golden Bear for Wild Strawberries at the Berlin International Film Festival . In 1960 Bergman was featured in

3528-523: Is normally held every January, and has been a major part of the film industry's awards season , which culminates each year in the Academy Awards . The eligibility period for Golden Globes corresponded from January 1 through December 31 (except 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1979, 2008, and 2022, which were not televised at all). The Golden Globes were founded by Golden Globe Foundation , an organization representing international journalists who reported on

3654-418: Is only on pay-per-view or via digital delivery of film. Also, a TV show must either be made in the United States or be a co-production financially and creatively between an American and a foreign production company. Furthermore, reality and non-scripted shows are disqualified. A film cannot be entered in both the film and TV categories, and instead should be entered based on its original release format. If it

3780-479: Is still big business, and it also gives viewers a chance to see their favorite stars make fools of themselves in public, so the Golden Globes were back, minus some of their sponsors, who backed out at the last minute.... Just last week Newsweek reported denials from the Foreign Press Association that its members give awards to the stars who throw the biggest feeds. "We are not influenced by

3906-511: Is the most high-profile activity of the European Film Academy. The academy pursues the following aims with the awards: attracting the interest of the audience in European cinema , promoting its cultural and artistic qualities, and regaining the public's confidence in its entertainment value. To put these ideas into practice, the People's Choice Award was added as a new category in 1997. As of 2020,

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4032-491: The 19th Golden Globe Awards held in March 1962. Beginning in 1963, the trophies commenced to be handed out by one or more persons referred to as "Miss Golden Globe", a title renamed on January 5, 2018, to " Golden Globe Ambassador ". The holders of the position were, traditionally, the daughters or sometimes the sons of a celebrity, and as a point of pride, these often continued to be contested among celebrity parents. In 2009,

4158-587: The 46th Golden Globe Awards an anomaly occurred: a three-way tie for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama ( Jodie Foster for The Accused , Shirley MacLaine for Madame Sousatzka , and Sigourney Weaver for Gorillas in the Mist ). In the category for Best Director , Elia Kazan leads with four wins, followed by Clint Eastwood , Miloš Forman , David Lean , Martin Scorsese , Steven Spielberg , and Oliver Stone with three wins each. Spielberg holds

4284-716: The American entertainment industry . Revenue from the ceremony was used by Golden Globe Foundation to fund entertainment-related charities and scholarships, such as the Young Artist Awards . The Hollywood Foreign Press Association (HFPA) was founded in 1943 as the Hollywood Foreign Correspondent Association (HFCA) by Los Angeles –based foreign journalists seeking to develop a better-organized process of gathering and distributing cinema news to non-U.S. markets. One of

4410-587: The Brooklyn Academy of Music in 2003. Bergman was married five times: The first four marriages ended in divorce, while the last ended when his wife Ingrid died of stomach cancer in 1995, aged 65. Aside from his marriages, Bergman had romantic relationships with actresses Harriet Andersson (1952–1955), Bibi Andersson (1955–1959), and Liv Ullmann (1965–1970). He was the father of writer Linn Ullmann with Ullmann. In all, Bergman had nine children, one of whom predeceased him. Bergman eventually married all

4536-548: The Critics Choice Association attempted to shift their Critics' Choice Movie Awards ceremony up a week in order to fill the void and increase their overall prestige, though it was later delayed due to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant . The 79th ceremony was conducted as a non-televised, private presentation, with limited guests (particularly beneficiaries of the HFPA's philanthropic activities) and strict COVID-19 protocol due to Omicron variant. In July 2022,

4662-627: The Royal Dramatic Theatre in Stockholm, he was arrested by two plainclothes police officers and charged with income tax evasion. The impact of the event on Bergman was devastating. He suffered a nervous breakdown as a result of the humiliation, and was hospitalised in a state of deep depression. The investigation was focused on an alleged 1970 transaction of 500,000 Swedish kronor (SEK) between Bergman's Swedish company Cinematograf and its Swiss subsidiary Persona , an entity that

4788-629: The Swedish Film Institute launched a new Ingmar Bergman Prize to be awarded annually for excellence in filmmaking. Still, he remained in Munich until 1984. In one of the last major interviews with Bergman, conducted in 2005 on the island of Fårö , Bergman said that despite being active during the exile, he had effectively lost eight years of his professional life. Bergman retired from filmmaking in December 2003. He had hip surgery in October 2006 and

4914-564: The Swedish Film Institute , estimated the immediate damage as ten million SEK (kronor) and hundreds of jobs lost. Bergman then briefly considered the possibility of working in America; his next film, The Serpent's Egg (1977) was a West German-U.S. production and his second English-language film (the first being The Touch , 1971). This was followed by a British-Norwegian co-production, Autumn Sonata ( Höstsonaten , 1978) starring Ingrid Bergman (no relation) and Liv Ullmann , and From

5040-502: The Young Artist Foundation , established in 1978 by Hollywood Foreign Press member Maureen Dragone , to recognize and award excellence of young Hollywood performers under the age of 21 and to provide scholarships for young artists who may be physically or financially challenged. In 2021, the HFPA faced criticism for the lack of Black representation among its members. On May 3, 2021, the HFPA announced plans for

5166-431: The 2022 ceremony, then signed a one-year deal to televise the 2023 ceremony, moving it to a Tuesday evening to avoid conflicting with Sunday Night Football and the 2023 College Football Playoff National Championship . In November 2023, DCP announced a one-year agreement to air the 81st ceremony on CBS and streaming on Paramount+ , with the ceremony following CBS's afternoon NFL coverage . In March 2024, DCP announced

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5292-549: The 2023 ceremony, the HFPA removed a requirement that an exclusive press conference be hosted by the organization for each nominated film—a practice that had contributed to transparency issues. Ballots to select the nominations are sent to voters in November, along with a "Reminder List" of eligible film and TV programs. Each HFPA member then votes for their top five choices in each category, numbering them 5 to 1, with 5 being their top choice. The nominees in each category are then

5418-593: The 70th, 71st and 72nd Golden Globe Awards in 2013 through 2015. The Golden Globe Awards' theme song, which debuted in 2012, was written by Japanese musician and songwriter Yoshiki Hayashi . The HFPA had previously held a lucrative broadcasting agreement with NBC , which began televising the Golden Globes ceremony locally in Los Angeles in 1958, then nationally in 1964. However, in 1968, the Federal Communications Commission claimed

5544-473: The Cecil B. DeMille Award, named after its first recipient in 2019, actress and comedian Carol Burnett . Revenues generated from the annual ceremony have enabled the HFPA to donate millions of dollars to entertainment-related charities, as well as funding scholarships and other programs for future film and television professionals. The most prominent beneficiary is the Young Artist Awards , presented annually by

5670-619: The European Film Academy refrains from the use of the abbreviation "EFA" and instead refers to itself using its full name or the short form "academy". It has reshaped its corporate identity by setting up a new digital infrastructure and by introducing a new logo in August 2021. The logo was designed by Polish design agency Huncwot. French actress Juliette Binoche was elected president of the Academy in May 2024 after Holland stepped down. The board of

5796-421: The European Film Awards had a positive impact on the chances for their films to win further international awards, such as a Golden Globe or an Oscar. Throughout the year, the academy organizes a side program on the occasion of the European Film Awards. Originally, this was a weekend with panel discussions and conferences in the city where the Awards ceremony would take place. At these events, production methods for

5922-537: The European Film Awards. Taking place in the second weekend of December, the European Film Awards are the first in the international awards season. Most of the nominees and winners of the European Film Awards are found in the following months among the nominees and winners of the Golden Globes or the Oscars . In the past years, European producers and distributors repeatedly stressed that a nomination for or win at

6048-531: The German noble families Flach  [ sv ] and de Frese introduced at the Swedish Riddarhuset . Bergman's paternal grandmother and maternal grandfather were cousins, making his parents second cousins. On his mother's side, he was descended from Dutch merchant Paul Calwagen, who left Holland for Sweden in the 17th century; Paul's Dutch-Swedish wife, Maria van der Hagen, was a descendant of

6174-544: The Golden Globe statuette was redesigned (but not for the first time in its history). The New York firm Society Awards collaborated for a year with the HFPA to produce a statuette that included a unique marble and enhanced the statuette's quality and gold content. It was unveiled at a press conference at the Beverly Hilton prior to the show. The Carol Burnett Award was created as a television counterpart to

6300-405: The Golden Globes through 2027, maintaining the current broadcast arrangement and the involvement of Dick Clark Productions. In 2019 and 2020, NBC televised the late Sunday afternoon National Football League (NFL) playoff game (which had historically gone to another NFL broadcaster) as a lead-in to the Golden Globes. Because of the large viewership of NFL playoff games, this was intended to boost

6426-523: The Golden Globes' television ratings, which dropped 11% between 2017 and 2018. If the game ever went long, NBC planned to still air the Golden Globes in its entirety on a broadcast delay . The 2021 ceremony was then postponed to February 28 due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cinema and on television , avoiding the NFL season altogether. Per the aforementioned 2022 boycott , NBC declined to air

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6552-504: The HFPA approved a major restructuring, under which Boehly would establish a for-profit entity via his holding company Eldridge Industries (owner of Dick Clark Productions —which has produced the Golden Globes' telecast since 1993, as well as the entertainment trade publication The Hollywood Reporter ) that will hold the Golden Globe Awards' intellectual property and oversee the "professionalization and modernization" of

6678-406: The HFPA released a list of 21 new members that it had recruited under these reforms, and named Todd Boehly (owner of ceremony producer Dick Clark Productions) as its "interim CEO". The HFPA then announced on October 15 that it still planned to hold the 79th Golden Globe Awards on January 9, 2022, with or without another media partner. With the televised absence of the Golden Globe Awards from NBC,

6804-637: The HFPA's knowledge. The HFPA sued DCP over the deal, as well as claims that the company was attempting to sell digital rights that it did not hold; the HFPA had wanted a new contract that would grant them a larger share of revenue from the telecast. In April 2012, judge Howard Matz upheld the NBC perpetuity clause and ruled in favor of DCP, noting that the HFPA had a history of "unbusinesslike display[s] of misplaced priorities" and "[succumbing] to bouts of pronounced turmoil and personal feuds", in contrast to DCP, which had been "represented by one experienced executive who

6930-639: The Ingmar Bergman Foundation, the Bergman Estate and the Bergman Center on Fårö. The prize includes a visit to the Bergman Estate as well as to Bergmans personal archive in Stockholm. Golden Globe The Golden Globe Awards are accolades bestowed for excellence in both international film and television. It is an annual award ceremony held since 1944 to honor artists and professionals and their work. The ceremony

7056-643: The Life of the Marionettes ( Aus dem Leben der Marionetten , 1980) which was a British-West German co-production. He temporarily returned to his homeland to direct Fanny and Alexander ( Fanny och Alexander , 1982). Bergman stated that the film would be his last, and that afterwards he would focus on directing theatre. After that he wrote several film scripts and directed a number of television specials. As with previous work for television, some of these productions were later theatrically released. The last such work

7182-554: The Month of European Film took place in Berlin in 2021. The first official edition of the Month of European Film was launched in November 2022 at the Seville European Film Festival and took place simultaneously in a range of European cities. Ingmar Bergman Ernst Ingmar Bergman (14 July 1918 – 30 July 2007) was a Swedish film and theatre director and screenwriter. Widely considered one of

7308-594: The Palms) at the 50th anniversary of the Cannes Film Festival . He won many other awards and has been nominated for numerous other awards. Academy Awards In 1996, Entertainment Weekly ranked Bergman at No. 8 in its "50 Greatest Directors" list. In 2002, Bergman was listed at number nine on the British Film Institute 's Sight & Sound list of the top ten film directors of modern times. MovieMaker magazine ranked Bergman at No. 13 on their 2002 list of The 25 Most Influential Directors of All Time . Bergman

7434-648: The People's Choice Award merged with the Lux Award of the European Parliament into the joint initiative LUX Audience Award. The nominees for the LUX Audience Award are announced during the ceremony of the European Film Awards. After this, screenings of the nominated films are organised for the public in several European cities. The members of the European Film Academy actively participate in the selection, nomination and awarding procedures for

7560-513: The Sámi or Roma populations in Europe. Board meetings take place 3 times a year, one of which is in Berlin, where the academy is headquartered. Based on a decision of the general assembly, the number of members, limited initially to 99, has been allowed to expand. The academy invites new members once per year. As of 2024, membership has exceeded 5,000. Listed are all countries with more than 20 European Film Academy members. The European Film Academy

7686-424: The academy consists of members representing various parts of Europe. Board members are elected for a period of 2 years, with a maximum period of 3 periods. From 2024, each of the 15 organization's board members were selected from 15 distinct geographical or linguistic regions in Europe, each comprising different countries. In addition, a board seat has been set aside for a transnational ethnic representative from either

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7812-416: The academy. Founded in 2006 to produce the European Film Awards ceremony for television, European Film Academy Productions (formerly EFA Productions) gGmbH is the in-house production team and is a subsidiary company of the European Film Academy e.V. The European Film Awards is supported by patrons from the international film industry. Throughout the year, the European Film Academy initiates and participates in

7938-650: The board in 1958 claiming that "certain awards are being given more or less as favors" with others querying why so many winners were represented by one public relations firm. The FCC imposed a ban on NBC's broadcast of the Golden Globes after the February 1968 ceremony. Movie critic Rex Reed , in a contemporary article about the broadcast, wrote: NBC's telcast of the Foreign Press Association's 25th annual Golden Globe Awards had to be seen to be disbelieved. The Federal Communications Commission have sent lawyers to have it investigated. But award-giving, pointless as it is,

8064-453: The ceremony in 2023 if the HFPA were successful in its efforts to reform. WarnerMedia also boycotted the HFPA, while Tom Cruise returned the awards he had won for Born on the Fourth of July , Jerry Maguire and Magnolia in solidarity. Following these events, the HFPA released a timeline for its reforms, which would see the process completed by the week of August 2. On October 1,

8190-443: The ceremony with NBC as a broadcaster; DCP's involvement came at a time of instability for the Golden Globes, including reduced credibility and having lost its contract with CBS (the interim period saw it contract with cable network TBS to air the ceremony). Enthusiastic over Clark 's commitment, the HFPA's contract contained an unusual provision granting DCP the role of producer in perpetuity, provided that it continued to maintain

8316-498: The ceremony, including "[increasing] the size and diversity of the available voters for the annual awards". The HFPA's philanthropic activities were to continue separately as a non-profit entity. NBC subsequently agreed to a one-year contract to air the 80th Golden Globe Awards on January 10, 2023, which were moved to a Tuesday evening to avoid conflicting with the National Football League (whose regular season

8442-544: The charges were dropped, Bergman became disconsolate, fearing he would never again return to directing. Despite pleas by the Swedish prime minister Olof Palme , high public figures, and leaders of the film industry, he vowed never to work in Sweden again. He closed down his studio on the island of Fårö , suspended two announced film projects, and went into self-imposed exile in Munich , West Germany . Harry Schein , director of

8568-502: The conference "E LA NAVE VA - For a New Energy in European Cinema" was held (2000). Significant changes to the annual program were introduced in 2021. As of 2022, the European Film Academy organizes an annual "Month of European Film". This program highlights European films in the month prior to the European Film Awards, both in European cinemas, on television, as well as in cooperation with streaming platforms. A pilot edition of

8694-452: The court painter Laurens van der Plas . Bergman's mother was also a descendant of the noble Tigerschiöld and Weinholz families, as well as the Bure  [ sv ] family. Bergman grew up with his older brother Dag and younger sister Margareta surrounded by religious imagery and discussion. His father was a conservative parish minister with strict ideas of parenting. Ingmar

8820-518: The cover of Time , the first foreign-language filmmaker to do so since Leni Riefenstahl in 1936. In 1971, Bergman received the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award at the Academy Awards ceremony. Three of his films ( The Virgin Spring , Through a Glass Darkly , and Fanny and Alexander ) won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film . In 1997, he was awarded the Palme des Palmes (Palm of

8946-550: The day before it was filmed. On the morning of the shoot, he would briefly speak to Nykvist about the mood and composition he hoped for, and then leave Nykvist to work, lacking interruption or comment until post-production discussion of the next day's work. By Bergman's own account, he never had a problem with funding. He cited two reasons for this: one, that he did not live in the United States, which he viewed as obsessed with box-office earnings; and two, that his films tended to be low-budget affairs. ( Cries and Whispers , for instance,

9072-520: The experience. Upon its release, The New York Times critic Glenn Kenny assessed the set as "impressive and almost exhaustive", and interpreted it as "a fresh case for [Bergman's] continuing importance", in response to criticisms such as Jonathan Rosenbaum 's 2007 opinion piece "Scenes From an Overrated Career". The Ingmar Bergman International Debut Award is awarded annually at the Gothenburg Film Festival , in partnership with

9198-399: The film Torment (sometimes known as Frenzy ), which sparked debate on the condition of Swedish high schools (and which Bergman had written), the school's principal Henning Håkanson wrote, among other things, that Bergman had been a "problem child". Bergman wrote in a response that he had strongly disliked the emphasis on homework and testing in his formal schooling. In 1934, aged 16, he

9324-463: The financial details of the purchase were not disclosed. The HFPA's philanthropic activities have been transitioned to Golden Globe Foundation . The qualifying eligibility period for all nominations is the calendar year from January 1 through December 31. Voice-over performances and cameo appearances in which persons play themselves are not eligible from all film and TV acting categories. Films must be at least 70 minutes and released for at least

9450-634: The first president, and Wenders was elected chairman. A year later, the European Cinema Society was renamed European Film Academy and was registered as a non-profit association. In 1996, Wenders took over the presidency from Bergman, and the British producer Nik Powell was elected chairman. Polish veteran filmmaker Agnieszka Holland became the first female president of the European Film Academy in 2021, with Irish-British film producer Mike Downey elected chairman in 2020. Since 2021,

9576-407: The five selections that receive the most votes. The ranked voting is only used to break ties, with number 5 worth 5 points, number 4 worth 4 points, and so on. After the nominations are announced in mid-December, voters receive the final ballots. The winner in each category is selected from among the nominees by plurality voting . In case of a tie, the winner is the one that had the most votes on

9702-471: The gold Henrietta for World Favorites. while silver Henriettas for "Best Young Box Office Personality" were presented to Leslie Caron , Tony Curtis , John Derek , Mitzi Gaynor , Marilyn Monroe and Patrice Wymore . At the third festival held on February 14, 1953, John Wayne and Susan Hayward won the gold Henriettas. The HFCA continued to hold their Golden Globe Awards. In 1950, the HFCA had established

9828-598: The greatest and most influential film directors of all time, his films have been described as "profoundly personal meditations into the myriad struggles facing the psyche and the soul". Some of his most acclaimed works include The Seventh Seal (1957), Wild Strawberries (1957), Persona (1966) and Fanny and Alexander (1982), which were included in the 2012 edition of Sight & Sound 's Greatest Films of All Time . Other notable works include Sawdust and Tinsel (1953), A Lesson in Love (1954), Smiles of

9954-450: The greatest artists of the 20th century ... he found in literature and the performing arts a way of both recreating and questioning the human condition ." Director Martin Scorsese commented that "it's impossible to overestimate the effect that [his] films had on people." Terrence Rafferty of The New York Times wrote that throughout the 1960s, when Bergman "was considered pretty much the last word in cinematic profundity, his every tic

10080-429: The greatest film-maker at work today [...], unsurpassed by anyone in the creation of mood and atmosphere, the subtlety of performance, the avoidance of the obvious, the truthfulness and completeness of characterization. To this one must also add everything else that goes into the making of a film; [...] and I shall look forward with eagerness to each of your films." Film critic Philip French referred to Bergman as "one of

10206-451: The highest regard. There he also states that he managed to push the envelope of film making in the films Persona and Cries and Whispers . Bergman stated on numerous occasions (for example in the interview book Bergman on Bergman ) that The Silence meant the end of the era in which religious questions were a major concern of his films. Bergman said that he would get depressed by his own films: "jittery and ready to cry... and miserable." In

10332-534: The island of Fårö . He forged a creative partnership with his cinematographers Gunnar Fischer and Sven Nykvist . Bergman also had a theatrical career that included periods as Leading Director of Sweden's Royal Dramatic Theatre in Stockholm and of Germany's Residenztheater in Munich. He directed more than 170 plays. Among his company of actors were Harriet Andersson , Bibi Andersson , Liv Ullmann , Gunnar Björnstrand , Erland Josephson , Ingrid Thulin , Gunnel Lindblom and Max von Sydow . Ernst Ingmar Bergman

10458-588: The island of Fårö, his name and date of birth were inscribed under his wife's name on a tomb at Roslagsbro churchyard, Norrtälje Municipality , several years before his death. Bergman developed a personal "repertory company" of Swedish actors whom he repeatedly cast in his films, including Max von Sydow, Bibi Andersson, Harriet Andersson, Erland Josephson , Ingrid Thulin, Gunnel Lindblom , and Gunnar Björnstrand, each of whom appeared in at least five Bergman features. Norwegian actress Liv Ullmann, who appeared in nine of Bergman's films and one televisual film ( Saraband ),

10584-702: The journalists in the HFCA broke away to form the Foreign Press Association of Hollywood (FPAH). It was the FPAH that instituted the Henrietta Award for World Film Favorite, which was subsequently given out by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association, the new name for the organization when the FPAH and HFCA merged in 1955, minus the "Henrietta" name through 1980 (for the 1979 movie year). The FPAH held its first World Film Favorite Festival on January 27, 1951, giving out Henrietta Awards in various categories. The award, an angel above

10710-418: The members, its exclusion of serious cinema journalists, and their closeness to the movie industry and stars. The Golden Globes under the HFPA were also accused of being bought or bartered, with the HFPA seemingly doling out nominations if not wins to studios, production companies, and stars who wooed HFPA members with gifts, press junkets and personal attention. Former HFPA president Henry Gris resigned from

10836-412: The mothers of his children, with the exception of Liv Ullmann. His daughter with his last wife, Ingrid von Rosen, was born twelve years before their marriage. He had dozens of mistresses throughout his life and would justify the affairs to his various wives by telling them: "I have so many lives." Although Bergman once described himself as one who had lost his faith in an afterlife, in 2000 he stated that

10962-405: The new Hollywood Foreign Press Association name. The Henrietta Award was terminated, but the HFPA instituted a special award called World Film Favorite, a Golden Globe surmounted by an angel. Similar to the Henrietta Award for World Film Favorite, the winner of the new HFPA Golden Globe was determined by a worldwide poll conducted by Reuters . This award, sometimes referred to as The Henrietta Award,

11088-486: The new millennium were discussed at the conference (Berlin 1999), or European filmmakers of international reputation (among them, Wim Wenders, Liv Ullmann , Tom Tykwer , Dominik Moll , Pavel Lungin , Maria de Medeiros ) as well as the then EU commissioner Viviane Reding made very personal and visionary speeches on the artistic, cultural, and social role of cinema in front of 800 guests at Theâtre de l'Odéon in Paris, where

11214-492: The next two decades. From the early 1960s, he spent much of his life on the island of Fårö , where he made several films. In the early 1960s he directed three films that explored the theme of faith and doubt in God, Through a Glass Darkly ( Såsom i en Spegel , 1961), Winter Light ( Nattvardsgästerna , 1962), and The Silence ( Tystnaden , 1963). Critics created the notion that the common themes in these three films made them

11340-488: The nomination ballot. As of the 2024 ceremony, the voting body consisted of 310 individuals, including representatives of 76 countries, international journalists, and 95 members that were members of the HFPA. The broadcast of the Golden Globe Awards, broadcast to 167 countries worldwide, generally ranks as the third most-watched awards show each year, behind only the Oscars and the Grammy Awards . Since 2010, it

11466-410: The non-competitive Henrietta Award (3 times). In addition, all three of them also received an honorary Cecil B. DeMille Award. Meryl Streep also holds the record for most nominations with 33. Composer John Williams is second with 27. Since the late 1950s, the HFPA had been racked by scandals and controversies. The organization had been criticized for the small size of its membership, the quality of

11592-432: The note "Complete disaster!" written on the envelope; the play is about a director who disappears and an editor who tries to complete a work he has left unfinished. Other canceled projects include the script for a pornographic film which Bergman abandoned since he did not think it was alive enough, a play about a cannibal, some loose scenes set inside a womb, a film about the life of Jesus, a film about The Merry Widow , and

11718-593: The organization's first major endeavors was to establish a ceremony similar to the Academy Awards to honor film achievements. The 1st Golden Globe Awards , honoring the best achievements in 1943 filmmaking , were held in January 1944, at the 20th Century-Fox studios. Subsequent ceremonies were held at various venues throughout the next decade, including the Beverly Hills Hotel and the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel . In 1950, some of

11844-438: The package "largely contains no specifics" nor "commitments to real accountability or change". On May 7, 2021, both Amazon Studios and Netflix announced that they would stop their activities with the HFPA until sufficient actions on reforms are made. Other media companies followed suit on May 10, including NBC , who announced that it would not televise the 79th Golden Globe Awards , but that it would be open to televising

11970-402: The press conference, as well as CNN . NBC declined to air the conference itself; the ceremony timeslot was filled by a Dateline NBC preview special, an hour-long results special hosted by Bush and O'Dell, and an Access Hollywood post-show also hosted by Bush and O'Dell. In 2010, Dick Clark Productions reached an extension with NBC through 2018. However, the deal was negotiated without

12096-456: The proposed coverage, including a demand for a rights fee, and concerns over plans to have Billy Bush and Nancy O'Dell of NBC's syndicated entertainment news program Access Hollywood serve as presenters. The HFPA subsequently announced that it would not restrict coverage of the press conference by other broadcasters. E! and TV Guide Network (who were typically known for red carpet coverage from major awards shows) both aired coverage of

12222-614: The record for most nominations with twelve. Francis Ford Coppola , Eastwood, and Steven Soderbergh are the only directors to receive two nominations in the same year. Barbra Streisand is the first woman to have won the award. Barbra Streisand holds the record for most Golden Globes earned by an individual with ten awards, including both competitive and honorary categories, followed by Tom Hanks , and Meryl Streep with nine awards each. Hanks winning as an actor and producer; all Streep wins were for acting; while Streisand prevails as an actress (3 times), composer, director, producer, as well as

12348-400: The results were often "disastrous" when he did not do so. As his career progressed, Bergman increasingly let his actors improvise their dialogue. In his later films, he wrote just the ideas informing the scene and allowed his actors to determine the exact dialogue. When viewing daily rushes , Bergman stressed the importance of being critical but unemotive, claiming that he asked himself not if

12474-451: The same interview he also stated: "If there is one thing I miss about working with films, it is working with Sven" (Nykvist), the third cinematographer with whom he had collaborated. Although Bergman was universally famous for his contribution to cinema, he was also an active and productive stage director throughout his life. During his studies at what was then Stockholm University College, he became active in its student theatre, where he made

12600-455: The show "misled the public as to how the winners were determined" (allegations included that winners were determined by lobby; to motivate winners to show up to the awards ceremony winners were informed if they did not attend another winner would be named). The FCC admonished NBC for participating in the scandal. Subsequently, NBC refused to broadcast the ceremony from 1968 until after 1974. Since 1993, Dick Clark Productions (DCP) had produced

12726-400: The work of "the conjurer," as Bergman called himself in a 1960 TIME cover story. In an interview with Playboy in 1964, he said: "The manifestation of sex is very important, and particularly to me, for above all, I don't want to make merely intellectual films. I want audiences to feel, to sense my films. This to me is much more important than their understanding them." Film, Bergman said,

12852-776: The work was great or terrible, but rather if it was sufficient or needed to be reshot. Bergman's films usually deal with existential questions of mortality, loneliness, and religious faith. In addition to these cerebral topics, however, sexual desire features in the foreground of most of his films, whether the central event is medieval plague ( The Seventh Seal ), upper-class family activity in early twentieth century Uppsala ( Fanny and Alexander ), or contemporary alienation ( The Silence ). His female characters are usually more in touch with their sexuality than their male equivalents, and unafraid to proclaim it, sometimes with breathtaking overtness (as in Cries and Whispers ) as would define

12978-434: Was Saraband (2003), a sequel to Scenes from a Marriage and directed by Bergman when he was 84 years old. Although he continued to operate from Munich, by mid-1978 Bergman had overcome some of his bitterness toward the Swedish government. In July of that year he visited Sweden, celebrating his sixtieth birthday on the island of Fårö, and partly resumed his work as a director at Royal Dramatic Theatre. To honour his return,

13104-485: Was adept at dealing fairly and effectively with the often amateurish conduct of HFPA." Matz pointed out examples of the HFPA's enthusiasm over the relationship and their desire to "not get cancelled", such as having disregarded its own bylaws by approving an extension in 2001 without a formal vote. The case was taken to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. In 2014, Dick Clark Productions and the HFPA reached

13230-483: Was also appointed assistant director of the film. In his second autobiographical book, Images: My Life in Film , Bergman describes the filming of the exteriors as his actual film directorial debut. The film sparked debate on Swedish formal education. When Henning Håkanson (the principal of the high school Bergman had attended) wrote a letter following the film's release, Bergman, according to scholar Frank Gado, disparaged in

13356-544: Was born in Uppsala on 14 July 1918, the son of nurse Karin (née Åkerblom) and Lutheran minister (and later chaplain to the King of Sweden ) Erik Bergman . His mother was of Walloon descent. The Bergman family was originally from Järvsö . On his father's side, Bergman was a descendant of the noble Bröms , Ehrenskiöld , and Stockenström clergy families of Finnish, German, and Swedish origin. His father also descended from

13482-421: Was everything that one's imagination could desire— angels , saints , dragons, prophets , devils, humans..." Although raised in a devout Lutheran household, Bergman later stated that he lost his faith at age eight, and came to terms with this fact while making Winter Light in 1962. His interest in theatre and film began early; at the age of nine, he traded a set of tin soldiers for a magic lantern . Within

13608-577: Was finished for about $ 450,000, while Scenes from a Marriage , a six-episode television feature, cost only $ 200,000.) Bergman usually wrote his films' screenplays, thinking about them for months or years before starting the actual process of writing, which he viewed as somewhat tedious. His earlier films are carefully constructed and are either based on his plays or written in collaboration with other authors. Bergman stated that in his later works, when on occasion his actors would want to do things differently from his own intention, he would let them, noting that

13734-453: Was first aired on American television, then it can be entered into the TV categories. If it was released in theaters or on pay-per-view, then it should instead be entered into the film categories. A film festival showing does not count towards disqualifying what would otherwise be a TV program. Actors in a TV series must appear in at least six episodes during the qualifying calendar year. Actors in

13860-579: Was given out through 1980 for the 1979, movie year, when it was terminated. Roger Moore and Jane Fonda were the last two recipients of the World Film Favorite Award. The 13th Golden Globe Awards held in February 1956 saw the first Golden Globe in Television Achievement. The first three permanent television award categories, Best TV Series , Best TV Actor , and Best TV Actress , then made their debuts during

13986-495: Was his demanding mistress. While he was a social democrat as an adult, Bergman stated that "as an artist I'm not politically involved ... I don't make propaganda for either one attitude or the other." When asked in the series of interviews later titled "Ingmar Bergman – 3 dokumentärer om film, teater, Fårö och livet" conducted by Marie Nyreröd for Swedish TV and released in 2004, Bergman said that of his works, he held Winter Light , Persona , and Cries and Whispers in

14112-470: Was indeed a life after death, though he chose not to elaborate further on the exact meaning of the statement. In an early draft of his autobiography, Bergman admitted to raping his then-girlfriend Karin Lannby. The portion was edited out for the final version. Bergman suffered from insomnia and severe stomach problems dating back to childhood. He called his nervous stomach "a calamity as foolish as it

14238-457: Was locked up in dark closets for infractions such as wetting himself. "While father preached away in the pulpit and the congregation prayed, sang, or listened", Ingmar wrote in his autobiography Laterna Magica , "I devoted my interest to the church's mysterious world of low arches, thick walls, the smell of eternity , the coloured sunlight quivering above the strangest vegetation of medieval paintings and carved figures on ceilings and walls. There

14364-516: Was mainly used for the paying of salaries to foreign actors. Bergman dissolved Persona in 1974 after having been notified by the Swedish Central Bank and subsequently reported the income. On 23 March 1976, the special prosecutor Anders Nordenadler dropped the charges against Bergman, saying that the alleged crime had no legal basis, and added that it would be like bringing "charges against a person who has stolen his own car, thinking it

14490-510: Was making a difficult recovery. He died in his sleep at age 89; his body was found at his home on the island of Fårö, on 30 July 2007. It was the same day another renowned existentialist film director, Michelangelo Antonioni , died. The interment was private, at the Fårö Church on 18 August 2007. A place in the Fårö churchyard was prepared for him under heavy secrecy. Although he was buried on

14616-494: Was nominated for the Palme d'Or at Cannes the following year. This was followed by The Seventh Seal ( Det sjunde inseglet ) and Wild Strawberries ( Smultronstället ), released in Sweden ten months apart in 1957. The Seventh Seal won a special jury prize and was nominated for the Palme d'Or at Cannes, and Wild Strawberries won numerous awards for Bergman and its star, Victor Sjöström . Bergman continued to be productive for

14742-528: Was ranked at No. 36 on Empire magazine's "Top 40 Greatest Directors of All-Time" list in 2005. In 2007, Total Film magazine ranked Bergman at No. 7 on its "100 Greatest Film Directors Ever" list. In 2017, New York magazine ranked Bergman at number 55 on their list of The 100 Best Screenwriters of All Time . Stanley Kubrick admired the work of Bergman and expressed it in personal letter: "Your vision of life has moved me deeply, much more deeply than I have ever been moved by any films. I believe you are

14868-615: Was recently extended into January) and the College Football Playoff National Championship (which was being hosted at SoFi Stadium in Inglewood). On June 12, 2023, HFPA was rebranded to Golden Globe Foundation , and all Golden Globe Awards assets and intellectual property were acquired by DCP (whose ownership includes Penske Media Corporation , owner of fellow entertainment publications Deadline Hollywood and Variety ) and Eldridge;

14994-766: Was scrupulously pored over, analyzed, elaborated in ingenious arguments about identity, the nature of film, the fate of the artist in the modern world and so on." Bergman's work was a point of reference and inspiration for director Woody Allen . He described Bergman as “probably the greatest film artist, all things considered, since the invention of the motion picture camera”. Bergman's films are mentioned and praised in Annie Hall and other Allen films. Allen also admired Bergman's longtime director of photography Sven Nykvist and invited him to return as his DP on Crimes and Misdemeanors . Danish Director Thomas Vinterberg has cited Bergman as one of his major influences, "Bergman

15120-400: Was seen by members of Svensk Filmindustri , which then offered Bergman a position working on scripts. He married Else Fisher in 1943. Bergman's film career began in 1941 with his work rewriting scripts, but his first major accomplishment was in 1944 when he wrote the screenplay for Torment (a.k.a. Frenzy ) ( Hets ), a film directed by Alf Sjöberg . Along with writing the screenplay, he

15246-564: Was sent to Germany to spend the summer holidays with family friends. He attended a Nazi rally in Weimar at which he saw Adolf Hitler . He later wrote in Laterna Magica ( The Magic Lantern ) about the visit to Germany, describing how the German family had put a portrait of Hitler on the wall by his bed, and that "for many years, I was on Hitler's side, delighted by his success and saddened by his defeats". Bergman commented that "Hitler

15372-533: Was someone else's". Director General Gösta S Ekman, chief of the Swedish Internal Revenue Service, defended the failed investigation, saying that the investigation was dealing with important legal material and that Bergman was treated just like any other suspect. He expressed regret that Bergman had left the country, hoping that Bergman was a "stronger" person now when the investigation had shown that he had not done any wrong. Although

15498-534: Was televised live in all United States time zones. Until Ricky Gervais hosted in 2010, the award ceremony was one of two major Hollywood award ceremonies (the other being the Screen Actors Guild Awards ) that did not have a regular host; every year a different presenter introduced the ceremony at the beginning of the broadcast. Gervais returned to host the 68th and 69th Golden Globe Awards the next two years. Tina Fey and Amy Poehler hosted

15624-528: Was the director of the Royal Dramatic Theatre in Stockholm from 1960 to 1966, and manager from 1963 to 1966, where he began a long-time collaboration with choreographer Donya Feuer . After Bergman left Sweden because of the tax evasion incident, he became director of the Residenz Theatre of Munich , West Germany (1977–1984). He remained active in theatre throughout the 1990s and made his final production on stage with Henrik Ibsen 's Ghosts at

15750-409: Was the last to join this group (in the film Persona ), and ultimately became the most closely associated with Bergman, both artistically and personally. They had a daughter together, Linn Ullmann (born 1966). In Bergman's working arrangement with Sven Nykvist, his best-known cinematographer , the two men developed sufficient rapport to allow Bergman not to worry about the composition of a shot until

15876-511: Was unbelievably charismatic . He electrified the crowd. ... The Nazism I had seen seemed fun and youthful." Bergman did two five-month stretches of mandatory military service in Sweden. He later reflected, "When the doors to the concentration camps were thrown open ... I was suddenly ripped of my innocence." Bergman enrolled at Stockholm University College (later renamed Stockholm University ) in 1937, to study art and literature. He spent most of his time involved in student theatre and became

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