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19-572: The command performs the following actions by default on a floppy disk , hard disk drive , solid state ( USB ), or other magnetic medium (it will not perform these actions on optical media ): Any storage device must have its medium structured to be useful. This process is referred to as "creating a filesystem" in Unix , Linux , or BSD . Under these systems different commands are used. The commands can create many kinds of file systems , including those used by DOS, Windows, and OS/2. The command

38-432: A Volume Boot Record . With this option, Format writes bootstrap code to the first sector of the volume (and possibly elsewhere as well). Format always writes a BIOS Parameter Block to the first sector, with or without the /S option. Another option (/Q) allows for what Microsoft calls "Quick Format". With this option the command will not perform steps 2 and 3 above. Format /Q does not alter data previously written to

57-463: A transitive verb typically distinguishes between its subject and any of its objects, which can include but are not limited to direct objects, indirect objects, and arguments of adpositions ( prepositions or postpositions ); the latter are more accurately termed oblique arguments , thus including other arguments not covered by core grammatical roles, such as those governed by case morphology (as in languages such as Latin ) or relational nouns (as

76-409: A network service as part of a network protocol , or as an event triggered in a graphical user interface . Specifically, the term command is used in imperative programming languages. The name arises because statements in these languages are usually written in a manner similar to the imperative mood used in many natural languages . A statement in an imperative programming language would then be

95-409: A sentence in a natural language, and the command would be the predicate . Many programs allow specifically formatted arguments , known as flags or options, which modify the default behaviour of the program, while further arguments may provide objects, such as files, to act on. As an analogy to a natural language, the flags are adverbs, while the other arguments are objects . The meaning of command

114-477: Is also a reliable criterion for analytic languages such as English, since the relatively strict word order of English usually positions the object after the verb(s) in declarative sentences. In the majority of languages with fixed word order, the subject precedes the object. However, the opposite is true for the very small proportion (approximately 2.9%) of the world's languages that utilize object–subject word order by default. Verbs can be classified according to

133-552: Is also available in Intel ISIS-II , iRMX 86 , MetaComCo TRIPOS , AmigaDOS , Zilog Z80-RIO , Microware OS-9 , DR FlexOS , TSL PC-MOS , SpartaDOS X , Datalight ROM-DOS , IBM / Toshiba 4690 OS , PTS-DOS , SISNE plus , and in the DEC RT-11 operating system. On MS-DOS , the command is available in versions 1 and later. Optionally (by adding the /S, for "system" switch), format can also install

152-478: Is based on a free clone developed by Mark Russinovich for Sysinternals in 1998. It is licensed under the GPL. It was adapted to ReactOS by Emanuele Aliberti in 1999 and supports FAT , FAT32 , FATX , EXT2 , and BtrFS filesystems. Command (computing) In computing , a command is a directive to a computer program to perform a specific task. It may be issued via a command-line interface or as input to

171-594: Is highly dependent on context. For example, some authors refer to conditionals as commands while they are called expressions in Python or Bash and statements in JAVA. Similarly, writing to stdout is done in Bash with the builtin command printf , while it is done with the built-in function print() in Python. Here are some commands given to a command-line interpreter ( Unix shell ). The following command changes

190-425: Is the subject of the corresponding intransitive ergative verb. With object-deletion verbs, in contrast, the subject is consistent regardless of whether an object is or is not present. Objects are distinguished from subjects in the syntactic trees that represent sentence structure. The subject appears (as high or) higher in the syntactic structure than the object. The following trees of a dependency grammar illustrate

209-548: Is typical for members of the Mesoamerican Linguistic Area ). In ergative-absolutive languages, for example most Australian Aboriginal languages , the term "subject" is ambiguous, and thus the term " agent " is often used instead to contrast with "object", such that basic word order is often spoken of in terms such as Agent-Object-Verb (AOV) instead of Subject-Object-Verb (SOV). Topic-prominent languages , such as Mandarin , focus their grammars less on

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228-448: The contents of the file readme.txt . The program name is type and the argument is readme.txt . The following command lists the contents of the current directory. The program name is dir , and Q is a flag requesting that the owner of each file also be listed. Object (grammar) In linguistics , an object is any of several types of arguments . In subject-prominent, nominative-accusative languages such as English ,

247-447: The directory /bin . The program is ls , having three flags ( l , t , r ), and the argument is the directory /bin : The following command displays the contents of the files ch1.txt and ch2.txt . The program name is cat , having two file name arguments: Here are some commands for the DOS , OS/2 and Microsoft Windows command prompt processor. The following command displays

266-537: The media. Typing "format" with no parameters in MS-DOS 3.2 or earlier would automatically, without prompting the user, format the current drive; however in MS-DOS 3.3 and later it would simply produce the error: "required parameter missing". DR DOS 6.0 includes an implementation of the format command. The FreeDOS version was developed by Brian E. Reifsnyder and is licensed under the GPL . The ReactOS implementation

285-404: The number and/or type of objects that they do or do not take. The following table provides an overview of some of the various verb classes: Ergative and object-deletion verbs can be transitive or intransitive, as indicated in the following table: The distinction drawn here between ergative and object-deletion verbs is based on the role of the subject. The object of a transitive ergative verb

304-404: The subject-object or agent-object dichotomies but rather on the pragmatic dichotomy of topic and comment . In English traditional grammar types, three types of object are acknowledged: direct objects , indirect objects , and objects of prepositions . These object types are illustrated in the following table: Indirect objects are frequently expressed as objects of prepositions, complicating

323-424: The traditional typology; e.g. "I gave salt to the man ." Some Chinese verbs can have two direct objects, one being more closely bound to the verb than the other; these may be called "inner" and "outer" objects . Secundative languages lack a distinction between direct and indirect objects, but rather distinguish primary and secondary objects. Many African languages fall into this typological category. While

342-525: The typical object is a pronoun, noun, or noun phrase, objects can also appear as other syntactic categories , as illustrated in the following table for the English language : A number of criteria can be employed for identifying objects, e.g.: Languages vary significantly with respect to these criteria. The first criterion identifies objects reliably most of the time in English, e.g. The second criterion

361-497: The user's working position in the directory tree to the directory /home/pete . The utility program is cd and the argument is /home/pete : The following command prints the text Hello World on the standard output stream, which, in this case, just prints the text on the screen. The program name is echo and the argument is "Hello World". The quotes are used to prevent Hello and World being treated as separate tokens: The following commands are equivalent. They list files in

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