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18-406: The Foundation is a private organization recognized public utility, intended to encourage all vocations, helping young people who (for lack of material support) are hampered in their efforts to be accomplished in a chosen profession. The Foundation has over 1,200 winners, chosen over the years by a jury exceptionally, composed of major teachers, great scientists including Nobel medicine, professors at

36-808: A Moroccan Jewish family, and Valentine Haroche, born Roubleva (1921–1998), a teacher who was born in Odessa to a Jewish family of physicians who relocated to Morocco in the early 1920s. His family had mixed Sephardic and Ashkenazi origins. His father, a lawyer trained in Rabat , was one of seven children born to a family of teachers, Isaac and Esther Haroche, who worked at the École de l’Alliance israélite (AIU). Both paternal grandparents of Serge Haroche had been AIU students in their respective hometowns of Marrakesh and Tétouan (the school which Esther Azerad attended in Tétouan had been founded in 1862; it

54-810: A professor at the Collège de France and holds the chair of quantum physics . He is a member of the Société Française de Physique , the European Physical society and a fellow and member of the American Physical Society . In September 2012, Serge Haroche was elected by his peers to the position of administrator of the Collège de France. On 9 October 2012 Haroche was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics , together with

72-412: A Nobel Prize recipient) from 1967 to 1971, he developed new methods for laser spectroscopy , based on the study of quantum beats and superradiance . He then moved on to Rydberg atoms , giant atomic states particularly sensitive to microwaves , which makes them well adapted for studying the interactions between light and matter. He showed that such atoms, coupled to a superconducting cavity containing

90-409: A professor position at Paris VI University . At the same time he taught in other institutions, in particular at the École polytechnique (1973–1984), MIT (1980) [1] , Harvard University (1981), Yale University (1984–1993) and Conservatoire national des arts et métiers (2000). He was head of the Physics department at the École normale supérieure from 1994 to 2000. Since 2001, Haroche has been

108-645: Is a professor at the Collège de France and holds the chair of quantum physics and in 2022 he had the Fermi Chair of Physics at University of Rome La Sapienza In 1971 he defended his doctoral thesis in physics at the University of Paris VI : his research had been conducted under the direction of Claude Cohen-Tannoudji . Haroche was born in Casablanca, Morocco , to Albert Haroche (1920–1998), from

126-580: The Collège Royal or as the Collège impérial founded in 1530 by François I , is a higher education and research establishment ( grand établissement ) in France . It is located in Paris near La Sorbonne . The Collège de France has been considered to be France's most prestigious research establishment. It is an associate member of PSL University . Research and teaching are closely linked at

144-408: The Collège de France , whose ambition is to teach "the knowledge that is being built up in all fields of literature, science and the arts". As of 2021, 21 Nobel Prize winners and 9 Fields Medalists have been affiliated with the Collège. It does not grant degrees. Each professor is required to give lectures where attendance is free and open to anyone. Professors, about 50 in number, are chosen by

162-601: The Collège de France , professors in the Faculty of Medicine and members of the French Academy and the institute. The first phase of selection consists of specialised juries according to different fields of specialisation (18 fields, in total). Out of approximately 5,000 candidates each year, 20 scholars are awarded a Prize for Vocation. Coll%C3%A8ge de France The Collège de France ( French pronunciation: [kɔlɛʒ də fʁɑ̃s] ), formerly known as

180-706: The "leçons inaugurales" (first lessons) are important events in Paris intellectual and social life and attract a very large public of curious Parisians. The Collège was established by King Francis I of France , modeled after the Collegium Trilingue in Louvain , at the urging of Guillaume Budé . Of humanist inspiration, the school was established as an alternative to the Sorbonne to promote such disciplines as Hebrew , Ancient Greek (the first teacher being

198-544: The American physicist David Wineland , for their work regarding measurement and manipulation of individual quantum systems. In 2020, Haroche was appointed by European Commissioner for Innovation, Research, Culture, Education and Youth Mariya Gabriel to serve on an independent search committee for the next president of the European Research Council (ERC), chaired by Helga Nowotny . in 2022 he had

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216-507: The College. Past faculty include: Serge Haroche Serge Haroche (born 11 September 1944) is a French physicist who was awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize for Physics jointly with David J. Wineland for "ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems", a study of the particle of light, the photon . This and his other works developed laser spectroscopy . Since 2001, Haroche

234-409: The Fermi Chair of Physics at University of Rome La Sapienza Haroche works primarily in atomic physics and quantum optics . He is principally known for showing quantum decoherence by experimental observation, while working with colleagues at the École normale supérieure in Paris in 1996. After a PhD dissertation on dressed atoms under the supervision of Claude Cohen-Tannoudji (himself

252-524: The Professors themselves from among Francophone scholars in subjects including mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, history, archaeology, linguistics, oriental studies, philosophy, the social sciences and other fields. Two chairs are reserved for foreign scholars who are invited to give lectures. Notable faculty members include Serge Haroche , awarded with Nobel Prize in Physics in 2012. Notably, eight Fields medal winners have been affiliated with

270-581: The best research libraries of Europe, with sections focusing on history with rare books, humanities , social sciences and also chemistry and physics . As of June 2009, over 650 audio podcasts of Collège de France lectures are available on iTunes. Some are also available in English and Chinese . Similarly, the Collège de France 's website hosts several videos of classes. The classes are followed by various students, from senior researchers to PhD or master's students, or even undergraduates. Moreover,

288-461: The celebrated scholar Janus Lascaris ) and Mathematics . Initially called Collège royal , and later Collège des trois langues (Latin, ancient Greek and Hebrew), Collège national , and Collège impérial , it was named Collège de France in 1870. In 2010, it became a founding associate of PSL Research University (a community of Parisian universities). The faculty of the Collège de France currently comprises fifty-two Professors, elected by

306-460: The professors themselves, from a variety of disciplines, in both science and the humanities . The motto of the Collège is Docet Omnia , Latin for "It teaches everything"; its goal is to "teach science in the making" and can be best summed up by Maurice Merleau-Ponty 's phrase: "Not acquired truths, but the idea of freely-executed research" which is inscribed in golden letters above the main hall. The Collège has research laboratories and one of

324-879: Was the first school of the AIU network). Haroche left Morocco and settled in France in 1956, at the end of the French protectorate treaty. Haroche worked in the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) as a research scientist from 1967 to 1975 at the French UMR Kastler–Brossel Laboratory , and spent a year (1972–1973) as a visiting post-doc in Stanford University , in Arthur Leonard Schawlow 's team. In 1975 he moved to

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