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49-548: Such an approach allowed for significantly faster changeovers when switching from one engine platform to another among the Modular engine family. This also allowed for the existing engine plants, and their supporting offsite production facilities, to handle shorter production runs. Implementing shorter production runs without incurring large shutdown and retooling expenses helped to increase the versatility of those production stations that required tooling or machining setups specific to

98-479: A 1.62:1 rod to stroke ratio. The firing order has been changed from that shared by all previous Modular V8s (1-3-7-2-6-5-4-8) to that of the Ford Flathead V8 (1-5-4-8-6-3-7-2). Compression ratio is 11.0:1, and despite having port fuel injection (as opposed to direct injection ) the engine can still be run on 87 octane gasoline. The Coyote features all new 4 valve DOHC cylinder heads that have shifted

147-533: A benchmark. The Voodoo features a unique Up-Down-Up-Down crank pin configuration, as opposed to the typical Up-Down-Down-Up in inline-4s and other flat-plane V8s. Due to the unique crankpin configuration, the back-to-front firing order of 1-5-4-8-3-7-2-6, is also unique to the Voodoo. This engine was the biggest production flat plane crank V8 by displacement until General Motors introduced the LT6 . The GT350R variant of

196-483: A broader power-band when compared to the earlier 4-valve engines. All 4.6 L 4-valve engines featured aluminum engine blocks with 6-bolt main bearing caps, the only exception being the 2003–2004 SVT Cobra which had a 4-bolt main cast iron block. The 1999 and earlier engines featured an aluminum block cast in Italy by Fiat subsidiary Teksid S.p.A. Since 1996, all of the 4.6 L 4-valve engines manufactured for use in

245-597: A certain vehicle platform. The Modular engine family started with the 4.6 L in 1990 for the 1991 model year. The Modular engines are used in various Ford, Lincoln , and Mercury vehicles. Modular engines used in Ford trucks were marketed under the Triton name from 1997–2010 while the InTech name was used for a time at Lincoln and Mercury for vehicles equipped with DOHC versions of the engines. The engines were first produced at

294-456: A cross-plane crankshaft. The engine has a claimed output of 580 hp (433 kW) and 445 lb⋅ft (603 N⋅m). Like the "Voodoo" engine, it also features a 12:1 compression ratio and 5.2 L; 315.1 cu in (5,163 cc) of displacement. This engine is sold as a Ford Performance Parts crate engine without a wiring harness, a flywheel, or headers. The "Predator" is a 5.2 L; 315.1 cu in (5,163 cc) variant of

343-468: A lower compression ratio (10.5:1), intake camshafts with less duration, cast iron exhaust manifolds, and revised cylinder heads to improve cooling. The intake manifold changed only in color, and height. These changes promote low-end and mid-range power and torque. The engine retains the Coyote's forged steel crank and piston-cooling jets but benefits from the addition of an external engine oil cooler similar to

392-412: A much smaller displacement. It shares the 4.6 L (280.7 cu in)'s 3.937 in (100.0 mm) bore spacing and 8.937 in (227.0 mm) deck height, while bore diameter and stroke have increased to 92.2 mm × 92.7 mm (3.63 in × 3.65 in), respectively. The engine also retains the 4.6 L's 5.933 in (150.7 mm) connecting rod length, which produces

441-448: A technologically advanced, power-dense, dependable, low maintenance V8, with no major service required before 100,000 miles of use. The initial engine design would implement a 90° vee-angle with a bore and a stroke of 3.552 in × 3.543 in (90.2 mm × 90.0 mm), resulting in a 4,601 cc (4.6 L; 280.8 cu in) displacement and creating a nearly 1:1 bore-to-stroke ratio . This square configuration

490-516: Is Ford's first implementation of its cam-torque-actuated (CTA) Twin Independent Variable Cam Timing (Ti-VCT) in a V8 engine, which allows the powertrain control module (PCM) to advance and retard intake and exhaust cam timing independently of each other, providing improved power, fuel economy and reduced emissions. To strengthen the block enough to handle increased output, webbing was extensively used as reinforcement in

539-705: Is assembled in Ford's Essex Engine Plant in Windsor, Ontario, using existing Modular tooling. Ford engineers needed to design a V8, specifically for the Mustang GT, that would compete with the GM 6.2 L LS3 used in the new Chevrolet Camaro , and the new Chrysler 6.4 L HEMI in the Dodge Charger , Dodge Challenger , Chrysler 300 and Jeep Grand Cherokee . Since this engine replaced the already popular 4.6 L and 5.4 L Modular Engines, this engine had to remain close to

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588-468: Is increased to 12.0:1. Power increased to 395 hp (295 kW; 400 PS) at 5750 rpm, while torque is rated at 400 lb⋅ft (540 N⋅m) at 4500 rpm. The Miami was a supercharged variant designed by FPV (a joint -venture by Ford Australia and Prodrive ) while the Coyote was still in development. Pre-production engines were shipped to Australia, where they were fitted with Australian-developed superchargers. The blocks and crank were common with

637-560: Is produced under the Boss 302 moniker used for the resurrected Boss 302 Mustang for the 2012 model year. The Boss 302 receives CNC ported heads cast in 356 aluminum providing additional airflow and strength, and a higher lift exhaust camshaft profile is used. Valvetrain components were lightened as much as possible, including the use of sodium filled exhaust valves, while strengthened powdered metal rods and forged aluminum pistons were added. Piston-cooling jets were also deleted, which are standard in

686-621: The Ford 5.0 L HO and 351 CID V8s (1-3-7-2-6-5-4-8). The 4.6 L engines have been assembled at Romeo Engine Plant in Michigan, and at Windsor Engine Plant and Essex Engine Plant , both located in Windsor, Ontario . The final 4.6 L engine was produced in May 2014. The engine was a 2-valve version and installed in a 2014 model year Ford E-Series van. The first production Modular engine

735-549: The Ford Romeo Engine Plant , then additional capacity was added at the Windsor Engine Plant in Windsor, Ontario . In the early 1980s, then-Ford Motor Company chief operating officer Donald Petersen challenged Ford's vice-president of design, Jack Telnack , and his staff to come up with new vehicle designs to replace the boxy styling that had dominated Ford products for years. The result was

784-583: The SVT Cobra have been hand-built by SVT technicians at Ford's Romeo, Michigan plant. The 4-valve DOHC 4.6 L engine was on the Ward's 10 Best Engines list for 1996 and 1997. Vehicles equipped with the 32-valve DOHC 4.6 L include the following: The 5.0 L; 302.1 cu in (4,951 cc) Coyote V8 was first produced in 2010 for the 2011 model year. It was an evolutionary (rather than revolutionary) development of Ford's Modular V8, and

833-640: The "Coyote" engine utilizing a cross-plane crank and a supercharger, which is installed in the Mustang Shelby GT500 starting in 2020 and the F-150 Raptor R starting in late 2022. The engine has an output of 760 hp (570 kW; 770 PS) and 625 lb⋅ft (847 N⋅m) of torque in the Shelby GT500. It makes 700 hp (520 kW; 710 PS) and 640 lb⋅ft (870 N⋅m) in the F-150 Raptor R. Production of this engine for

882-423: The 16-valve SOHC 4.6 L include the following: The 3-valve SOHC 4.6 L with variable camshaft timing (VCT) first appeared in the redesigned 2005 Ford Mustang. The engines are equipped with an electronic Charge Motion Control Valve (CMCV) system that provides increased air velocity at low engine speeds for improved emissions and low-rpm torque. Cylinder block material varies between aluminum used in

931-411: The 2005-10 Mustang GT and cast iron used in the truck applications. The 3-valve SOHC 4.6 L engine was on the Ward's 10 Best Engines list for 2005–2008. Vehicles equipped with the 24-valve SOHC VCT 4.6 L include the following: The 4-valve DOHC version of the Modular engine was introduced in the 1993 Lincoln Mark VIII as the 4.6 L Four-Cam V8. Lincoln marketed the engine under

980-408: The 4.6 block is 8.937 in (227.0 mm) and connecting rod length is 5.933 in (150.7 mm) center to center, giving the 4.6 L a 1.67:1 rod to stroke ratio. Cylinder bore spacing measures 3.937 in (100.0 mm), which is common to all members of the Modular engine family. All Modular V8s, except for the new 5.0 L Coyote and 5.2 L Voodoo, utilize the same firing order as

1029-475: The 5.0 model. Exterior changes include a high-mount intake plenum (as opposed to the standard engine's low-mounted one) with shorter runners to improve high-rpm power. Power is increased from 412 hp (307 kW) to 444 hp (331 kW), and torque drops from 390 lb⋅ft (529 N⋅m) to 380 lb⋅ft (515 N⋅m) due to the upgrades. The Boss's redline is increased to 7500 rpm, but has been verified stable up to 8400. For 2018, Ford made revisions to

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1078-490: The Boss 302's. The changes result in the engine's peak horsepower dropping to 360 hp (268 kW; 365 PS) at 5500 rpm, while torque is rated at 380 lb⋅ft (520 N⋅m) at 4250 rpm. When the 2015 F-150 was revealed, Ford improved the induction system to pull air from above the grille under the hood (aka Ram Air Effect) as opposed to the fender intake inlet that had been used for all previous Ford Modular Engines. The addition of Ram Air Effect pulled more cool air into

1127-408: The Coyote equipped in the Mustang GT, most notably the addition of high-pressure direct injection (in addition to the existing port injection system ), and an increase of the piston bore diameter from 92.2 to 93 mm (3.63 to 3.66 in). This increase in the bore size, resulting from the adoption of Plasma Wire Arc Transfer cylinder liner technology in place of the more traditional sleeve in

1176-485: The Coyote rated at 480 hp (358 kW) and 420 lb⋅ft (569 N⋅m). The 20hp improvement was due to an intake manifold and 87 mm throttle body borrowed from the 5.2 L Voodoo engine as well as a recalibrated powertrain control module. In 2023, for the 2024 model year, the Mustang will debut with the 4th generation of the Coyote engine. It will produce 480 hp (358 kW) and 415 lb⋅ft (563 N⋅m) in

1225-542: The FGX XR8. The 648 hp (483 kW) version was sold in the Falcon FPV Holy Grail. The engine is gradually replacing the 4.6 L and 5.4 L Modular V8 units in all Ford vehicles. This is the first time that Ford has used the "5.0" designation since the pushrod 5.0 was discontinued and replaced by the 4.6 L Modular unit in the mid-90s. Vehicles equipped with the 32-valve DOHC Ti-VCT 5.0 L include

1274-709: The GT trim level, 486 hp (362 kW) and 418 lb⋅ft (567 N⋅m) with the Active Performance Exhaust option, and 500 hp (373 kW) and 418 lb⋅ft (567 N⋅m) in the Dark Horse trim level. Updates include: The Dark Horse will also receive: A torque-biased variant of the Coyote is produced as an alternative to the EcoBoost V6 in the F-150 pickup truck. The F-150 5.0 L receives

1323-695: The Shelby GT500 ended on October 18, 2022, marking the end of the Shelby GT500. This was also the last engine to be produced on the Romeo Engine Plant Niche line. Based on the Predator engine, the engine used in the 2023 F-150 Raptor R is tuned for more low-end torque by using a different supercharger pulley and a new calibration. It is produced on a new Niche Engine line at the Dearborn Engine Plant. Lincoln (automobile) Too Many Requests If you report this error to

1372-605: The US Coyote engine but the sump, rods, pistons, intake manifold, supercharger, exhaust manifolds, wiring loom and engine control unit were designed and manufactured in Australia. The US Coyote engine had VVT on all 4 cams but the Australian ECU only had enough outputs to control 2 cams, so only the intake cams have VVT. The supercharger uses Eaton rotors in a housing designed by Australian company Harrop Engineering –

1421-535: The Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.237 via cp1104 cp1104, Varnish XID 207344324 Upstream caches: cp1104 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 07:52:31 GMT List of Ford factories The following is a list of current, former, and confirmed future facilities of Ford Motor Company for manufacturing automobiles and other components. Per regulations,

1470-562: The adoption of sleeker, more aerodynamic designs like that used for the highly successful Ford Taurus . In the second half of the 1980s, Petersen, then chief executive officer, sought to update Ford's decades-old V8 architectures, challenging Ford senior engineer Jim Clarke to develop a new V8 engine that would surpass Ford's earlier V8s in every meaningful way, from power and efficiency to emissions performance and smoothness of operation. Clarke and his engineers studied engine designs from major European and Japanese automakers and sought to develop

1519-494: The block, brings total displacement up from 4,951 to 5,035 cc (302 to 307 cu in). Other changes include Gen. 3 specific camshafts, enlarged intake and exhaust valves, an increased compression ratio of 12.0:1, a revised intake manifold, and 7500 RPM redline in the Mustang. With these changes the updated 5.0 L Coyote is rated by Ford at 460 hp (343 kW) and 420 lb⋅ft (569 N⋅m). The 2019–2020 Bullitt and 2021–2023 Mach 1 models received an uprated version of

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1568-410: The block, resulting in a more complex block casting but eliminating the need for heavy mounting brackets. Tight construction tolerances were used in shaping the engine's cylinder bores with narrow piston rings fitted to the engine's pistons . This would serve to improve engine efficiency through reduced friction and reduce the engine's oil consumption, while also promoting cleaner emissions . Perhaps

1617-533: The camshafts outboard, which allowed for a compact roller finger follower setup with remote hydraulic valve lash adjusters and improved (raised) intake port geometry. The result is an intake port that outflows the Ford GT intake port by 4 percent and the Yates D3 (NASCAR) intake port up to 0.472 in (12.0 mm) lift, which is the maximum lift of the Coyote's intake cams. Engine redline is 7000 rpm. The Coyote

1666-417: The casting, rather than increasing the thickness of the walls. The intake plenum was also situated low between the two cylinder banks to meet the height constraint, thus the alternator traditionally placed low and center was moved to the side of the engine. The Coyote made Ward's 10 Best Engines list for 2011, 2012, and 2018. A higher performance variant of the Coyote, dubbed Road Runner internally by Ford,

1715-428: The engine in favor for a power increase to 385 hp (287 kW; 390 PS) at 5750 rpm and 387 lb⋅ft (525 N⋅m) at 3850 rpm. For 2018, numerous revisions were made to the 5.0. Most notably, the adoption of a port and direct fuel injection system, as well as spray-on bore liner, eliminating the need for conventional cast iron cylinder bore liners (changes shared with the 2018 Mustang), and compression ratio

1764-468: The engine received a Ward's 10 Best Engines award. Like other modern Ford Performance Mustang engines, the Voodoo is hand-built at Ford's Romeo Plant on the Niche Line. Unlike the Coyote and previous Modular V8s, the Voodoo features a flat plane crankshaft. During development, Ford purchased a Ferrari California , the only other front-engine flat-plane crank V8 car in production at the time, as

1813-481: The engine received a number of valvetrain enhancements, including the timing chains, lash adjusters, and VCT mechanisms. Vehicles equipped with the 32-valve DOHC 5.2 L include the following: The Aluminator 5.2 XS is another variant of the Coyote engine utilizing the 5.2 L cylinder block from the GT350. The Aluminator is differentiated from the Voodoo engine by a Cobra Jet intake manifold and throttle body and

1862-1107: The engine's design in addition to retooling the company's Romeo, Michigan tractor plant to build the engines. Three years later, in the third quarter of 1990, the first Modular engine, a 4.6 L SOHC V8, would be used in the 1991 model year Lincoln Town Car . In spite of having a smaller displacement, the 20 lb (9 kg) lighter 4.6 L Modular V8 could generate more power than the Town Car's previous overhead valve 5.0 L V8 and accelerate to 0–60 mph (0–97 km/h) 1.5 seconds faster, all while delivering better fuel efficiency. Ford modular engines would go on to become its chief gasoline V8s (and V10s). The 4,601 cc (4.6 L; 280.8 cu in) displacement 90-degree V8 has been offered in 2-valve SOHC , 3-valve SOHC, and 4-valve DOHC versions. The engines were also offered with both aluminum and cast iron blocks, depending on application. The 4.6 L's bore and stroke are nearly square at 3.552 in × 3.543 in (90.2 mm × 90.0 mm), respectively. Deck height for

1911-592: The factory is encoded into each vehicle's VIN as character 11 for North American models, and character 8 for European models. The River Rouge Complex manufactured most of the components of Ford vehicles, starting with the Model T. Much of the production was devoted to compiling " knock-down kits " that were then shipped in wooden crates to Branch Assembly locations across the United States by railroad and assembled locally, using local supplies as necessary. A few of

1960-419: The following: The Coyote is available as a crate motor from Ford Racing Performance Parts (FRPP) complete with alternator , manifold, and wiring harness in standard 412 bhp (307 kW; 418 PS) configuration. The Boss 302 is also available from FRPP for a premium over the standard 5.0 L. The 5.2 L; 315.1 cu in (5,163 cc) "Voodoo" is a development of the Coyote engine. The engine

2009-401: The most significant aspect of the new engine's design was the number of variations of the engine that could be made to suit different needs. This resulted in the creation of an entire family of engines consisting not only of designs utilizing single- or dual-overhead camshaft configurations, different displacements and different block materials, but also different cylinder counts . In addition to

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2058-540: The name InTech after 1995. The 1993–1998 4-valve engines featured cylinder heads with two intake ports per cylinder (split-port) and variable runner length intake manifolds with either vacuum or electrically activated intake manifold runner controls (IMRC) depending on application. The engine was revised for 1999 with new cylinder heads featuring tumble-style intake ports (one intake port feeding two intake valves), new camshaft profiles, and fixed runner-length intake manifolds . These changes resulted in more power, torque and

2107-464: The name Modular was given to the new engine family. Despite all the different engines that would be built over the years, one of the major unifying aspects present in all engines based on the Modular architecture, and required by the engine's tooling for production purposes, was a common bore spacing of 100 mm (3.937 in). By 1987 Ford was fully committed to producing the new Modular V8, having invested $ 4 billion (~$ 9.21 billion in 2023) in

2156-527: The same company that provides superchargers to Roush Performance . Initial variants made 422 hp (315 kW), 402 lbf⋅ft (545 N⋅m) and 449 hp (335 kW), 420 lbf⋅ft (570 N⋅m). Later versions made 463 hp (345 kW), 471 hp (351 kW) and ultimately 648 hp (483 kW) (with the addition of an intercooler). The Miami variant was sold in the Australian Ford Falcon -based FPV GT range and

2205-402: The same physical size of the outgoing 4.6 L, and share other specifications with it such as bore spacing, deck height, bell housing bolt pattern, etc. in order for the engine to utilize existing Modular production line tooling (the source of the 'Modular' designation for the engine family). The result was the 5.0 L Coyote, which produced roughly the same amount of power as its competitors, but with

2254-403: The various eight-cylinder engines produced, ten-cylinder engines eventually entered production. Six-cylinder derivatives were also explored, though never built. With the wide array of engine configurations possible within this architecture, Ford developed a new, modular tooling system for producing different engines quickly and efficiently in the same factory. Referring to this method of production,

2303-486: Was chosen primarily for its positive noise, vibration, and harshness characteristics. The engine would utilize features such as a chain-driven, single-overhead camshaft valvetrain with roller finger followers , a deep-skirt cast-iron block construction and cross-bolted main bearings , all benefitting long-term durability. In the interest of reducing overall engine weight, aluminum-alloy heads would be standard and all major engine accessories would be mounted directly to

2352-460: Was developed specifically for the Shelby GT350 version of the sixth generation Mustang . Bore and stroke are both up from the 5.0 L Coyote at 94 mm × 93 mm (3.70 in × 3.66 in), as is the compression ratio at 12.0:1. The Voodoo makes 526 hp (392 kW) at 7500 RPM and 429 lb⋅ft (582 N⋅m) of torque at 4750 RPM and has a redline of 8250 rpm. In 2016,

2401-537: Was the 4.6 L 2-valve SOHC V8 introduced in the 1991 Lincoln Town Car . The 4.6 L 2V has been built at both Romeo Engine Plant and Windsor Engine Plant, and the plants have different designs for cylinder heads (cam caps: interconnected cam "cages" vs. individual caps per cam journal), camshaft sprockets (bolt-on vs. press-on), valve covers (11 bolts vs. 13 bolts), crankshaft (6 bolts vs. 8 bolts) and main bearing caps (2 bolt fasteners with 2 jackscrews vs. 2 bolt fasteners with dowel pins). Vehicles equipped with

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