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37-633: Fahaheel ( Gulf Arabic : الفحيحيل , romanized:  li-Fḥēḥīl ) is an area in Kuwait , located in the Ahmadi Governorate . Located on the coast of the Persian Gulf , it lies east of the Ahmadi area . The Fahaheel Fish Market, a major fish market in Kuwait , is located on the seashore of Fahaheel. It is a traditional style fresh fish market and is directly supplied by fishermen on

74-439: A second language (if they spoke the colloquial dialects as their first language) or as a third language (if they spoke another language as their first language and a regional variety of colloquial Arabic as their second language). Nonetheless, the pronunciation of Classical Arabic was likely influenced by the vernaculars to different degrees (much like Modern Standard Arabic ). The differences in pronunciation and vocabulary in

111-653: A "pure Arabic origin", especially those in the Qur'an. Thus, exegetes, theologians, and grammarians who entertained the idea of the presence of "impurities" (for example, naturalized loanwords) in the Qur'an were severely criticized and their proposed etymologies denounced in most cases. Nonetheless, the belief in the racial and ethnic supremacy of the Arabs and the belief in the linguistic supremacy of Arabic did not seem to be necessary entailments of each other. Poems and sayings attributed to Arabic-speaking personages who lived before

148-460: A language of media, government, and religion. For many of these sounds, speakers exhibit free variation between the MSA form and the colloquial form. The following table provides a rough outline of these differences: Gulf Arabic has five long vowels and three or four short monophthongs . Two recent studies point to a lack of phonemic contrast between [i] and [u], and Shockley (2020) argues that backness

185-575: A set of closely related and more-or-less mutually intelligible varieties that form a dialect continuum , with the level of mutual intelligibility between any two varieties largely depending on the distance between them. Similar to other Arabic varieties , Gulf Arabic varieties are not completely mutually intelligible with other Arabic varieties spoken outside the Gulf. The specific dialects differ in vocabulary , grammar and accent . There are considerable differences between, for instance, Kuwaiti Arabic and

222-410: A variant of the diphthong /aw/ in a handful of words (e.g. لو /lo/ 'if'). Similarly to other Arabic varieties, Gulf Arabic has lost much of the case inflection of Classical Arabic. Possession is marked with the particles /maːl-/ and /ħaɡɡ-/ , which are attached to possessive enclitics. Gulf Arabic has 10 personal pronouns . The conservative dialect has preserved the gender differentiation of

259-522: Is [aː] . Word-finally, long /aː/ is shortened and subjected to the same phonological rules as short /a/ . This shortening can lead to alternations based on morphological conditioning, e.g. [ɣadæ] ('lunch') vs. [ɣadæːk] ('your lunch'). /uː/ is normally realized as [ʊː] . Similarly, /u/ is realized [ʊ] except when unstressed, in which case it is reduced to [ə] if it is not deleted altogether (e.g. /bujuːt/ → [bəjʊːt] or [bjʊːt] 'houses'). The short vowel phoneme /o/ occurs rarely as

296-512: Is also the liturgical language of Islam . Classical Arabic is, furthermore, the register of the Arabic language on which Modern Standard Arabic is based. Several written grammars of Classical Arabic were published with the exegesis of Arabic grammar being at times based on the existing texts and the works of previous texts, in addition to various early sources considered to be of most venerated genesis of Arabic. The primary focus of such works

333-506: Is generally believed to have evolved from local cursive varieties of the Aramaic script , which have been adopted to write Arabic, though some, such as Jean Starcky , have postulated that it instead derives direct from the Syriac script since, unlike Aramaic, the scripts of Arabic and Syriac are both cursive. Indigenous speculations concerning the history of the script sometimes ascribe

370-487: Is in free variation, and can be [kʲ ɡʲ] or, more commonly, [tʃ dʒ] . Speakers who exhibit variation between [ɡʲ] and [dʒ] do so in words derived from historical /q/ (e.g. مقابل [mɪgʲæːbɪl~mɪdʒæːbɪl] 'opposite'); [j] is a contemporary reflex of historical /dʒ/ and so there are also sets of words where [dʒ] and [j] appear in free variation (e.g. (e.g. جار [dʒæːr~jæːr] 'neighbor'). Voiced stops tend to devoice in utterance-final position, especially as

407-533: Is not phonemically contrastive in short vowels. The most recent grammar of Gulf Arabic similarly points to a reduced central vowel [ə] as a frequent reflex of all short vowels. Regional variations in vowel pronunciation is considerable, particularly outside of educated speech. Unless otherwise noted, the following are major allophonic variants shared across the entire Gulf region. In the context of emphatic consonants , long /iː/ and /eː/ exhibit centralized vowel onglides and offglides. For example: Similarly,

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444-709: The Arabian Peninsula , i.e. Najdi Arabic , Mesopotamian Arabic and Bahrani Arabic . Although spoken over much of Saudi Arabia's area, Gulf Arabic is not the native tongue of most Saudis, as the majority of them do not live in Eastern Arabia . There are some 200,000 Gulf Arabic speakers in the country, out of a population of over 30 million, mostly in the aforementioned Eastern Province. The dialect's full name el-lahja el-Khalijiyya ( اللهجة الخليجية local pronunciation: [elˈlæhdʒæ lxɑˈliːdʒɪj.jæ] ) can be translated as 'the dialect of

481-503: The Qur'an (and also many of its readings also) and the later normalized orthography of Classical Arabic as a standard literary register in the 8th century. By the 2nd century AH (9th century AD / CE ) the language had been standardized by Arabic grammarians and knowledge of Classical Arabic became a prerequisite for rising into the higher classes throughout the Islamic world, since it was

518-579: The lingua franca across the Middle East , North Africa , and the Horn of Africa , and thus the region eventually developed into a widespread state of diglossia . Consequently the classical language, as well as the Arabic script , became the subject of much mythicization and was eventually associated with religious, ethnic, and racial conflicts, such as the rise of many groups traditionally categorized under

555-583: The 2nd and 3rd person in the plural forms, whereas dual forms have not survived. The following table bears the generally most common pronouns: Some pronouns, however, have other (less frequent, resp. local) forms: The normal word order in main clauses is the following: Subject – (Verb) – (Direct Object) – (Indirect Object) – (Adverbials) The following sentence indicates the normal word order of declarative statements: /ʔaħmad Ahmad xarrab ruined- 3msg l-beːt/ the-house /ʔaħmad xarrab l-beːt/ Ahmad ruined- 3msg the-house 'Ahmad ruined

592-615: The 3rd or 4th century AD in the Greek alphabet in a dialect showing affinities to that of the Safaitic inscriptions shows that short final high vowels had been lost in at least some dialects of Old Arabic at that time, obliterating the distinction between nominative and genitive case in the singular, leaving the accusative the only marked case: Classical Arabic however, shows a far more archaic system, essentially identical with that of Proto-Arabic : The definite article spread areally among

629-688: The Central Semitic languages and it would seem that Proto-Arabic lacked any overt marking of definiteness. Besides dialects with no definite article, the Safaitic inscriptions exhibit about four different article forms, ordered by frequency: h- , ʾ- , ʾl- , and hn- . The Old Arabic of the Nabataean inscriptions exhibits almost exclusively the form ʾl- . Unlike the Classical Arabic article, the Old Arabic ʾl almost never exhibits

666-537: The assimilation of the coda to the coronals; the same situation is attested in the Graeco-Arabica, but in A1 the coda assimilates to the following d , αδαυρα * ʾad-dawra الدورة 'the region'. In Classical Arabic, the definite article takes the form al- , with the coda of the article exhibiting assimilation to the following dental and denti-alveolar consonants. Note the inclusion of palatal /ɕ/ , which alone among

703-487: The broad label of al-Shu'ibiyya (roughly meaning "those of the nations", as opposed to Arab tribes), who, despite the remarkable differences in their views, generally rejected the stressed and often dogmatized belief that the Arabs, as well as their language, were far superior to all other races and ethnicities, and so the term later came to be applied pejoratively to such groups by their rivals. Moreover, many Arabic grammarians strove to attribute as many words as possible to

740-434: The classical literature. It is hypothesized that by the late 6th century AD a relatively uniform intertribal "poetic koiné ", a synthetic language distinct from the spoken vernaculars, had developed with conservative as well as innovative features, including the case endings known as ʾiʿrab . It is uncertain to what degree the spoken vernaculars corresponded to the literary style, however, as many surviving inscriptions in

777-447: The desert-dwellers (as opposed to the " corrupted " dialects of the city-dwellers) expressed in many medieval Arabic works, especially those on grammar, though some argue that all the spoken vernaculars probably deviated greatly from the supraregional literary norm to different degrees, while others, such as Joshua Blau , believe that "the differences between the classical and spoken language were not too far-reaching". The Arabic script

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814-528: The dialects of Qatar and the UAE, especially in pronunciation, that may hinder mutual intelligibility. The Gulf has two major dialect types that differ phonologically and morphologically, typically referred to as badawī ('Bedouin') and ḥadarī ('sedentary'), the differences marking important cultural differences between those who historically practiced pastoralism and those who were sedentary . Gulf varieties' closest related relatives are other dialects native to

851-483: The final element in clusters, e.g. كلب ('dog') /kalb/ [tʃælp] . A notable aspect of Gulf Arabic is the different realization of a number of phonemes inherited from Classical Arabic . These differences are the result, in part, of natural linguistic changes over time. After these changes occurred, the original sounds (or close approximations to them) were reintroduced as a result of contact with other dialects, as well as through influence of Modern Standard Arabic as

888-476: The gulf'. However, it is most commonly referred to as Khaliji ( خليجي Khalījī [xɑˈliːdʒi] ), in which the noun خليج ( [xɑˈliːdʒ] ; Khalīj ) has been suffixed with the Nisba , literally meaning 'of the bay' or 'of the gulf'. Phonetic notes: /k/ and /ɡ/ are often palatalized when occurring before front vowels unless the following consonant is emphatic. The actual realization

925-521: The house' When forming interrogative statements, any of these elements can be replaced by interrogative words . Holes (1990) identifies five such words in Gulf Arabic: Unless it is desired to stress one of these elements, this order of elements is preserved in the formation of interrogative questions. /min xarrab il-beːt/ who ruined- 3msg the-house /min xarrab il-beːt/ who ruined- 3msg the-house 'who ruined

962-595: The house?' /ʔaħmad Ahmad xarrab ruined- 3msg ʃinhu/ Classical Arabic Classical Arabic or Quranic Arabic (Arabic: العربية الفصحى , romanized:  al-ʻArabīyah al-Fuṣḥā , lit.   'the most eloquent classic Arabic') is the standardized literary form of Arabic used from the 7th century and throughout the Middle Ages , most notably in Umayyad and Abbasid literary texts such as poetry, elevated prose and oratory, and

999-557: The literary ideal to be followed, quoted, and imitated in solemn texts and speeches. Lexically, Classical Arabic may retain one or more of the dialectal forms of a given word as variants of the standardized forms, albeit often with much less currency and use. Various Arabic dialects freely borrowed words from Classical Arabic, a situation similar to the Romance languages , wherein scores of words were borrowed directly from Classical Latin . Arabic-speakers usually spoke Classical Arabic as

1036-408: The normal realization is a back [ɑ] ; when adjacent to emphatic consonants (and, for some speakers, bilabial consonants), the realization is a back and rounded [ɒ] : When both a dorsal/pharyngeal consonant and emphatic consonant are adjacent to a vowel, the realization is [ɒ] . For /aː/ , the pattern is largely the same except that, when adjacent to dorsal/pharyngeal consonants, the realization

1073-445: The normal realization of short /i/ is [ɪ] except in final position, where it is [i] ; when adjacent to emphatic, uvular, or bilabial consonants, /i/ is centralized to [ɨ] . When between two emphatic, uvular, or bilabial consonants, /i/ is fully backed to [ʊ] . /ɡallib/ قَلِّب ('turn over!') → [gɑlˤlˤʊbˤ] . The normal realization of short /a/ is a front [æ] ; when adjacent to dorsal and pharyngeal consonants,

1110-484: The origins of the script, and oftentimes the language itself also, to one of the ancient major figures in Islam, such as Adam or Ishmael , though others mention that it was introduced to Arabia from afar. In the 7th century AD the distinctive features of Old Hijazi , such as loss of final short vowels, loss of hamza , lenition of final /-at/ to /-ah/ and lack of nunation , influenced the consonantal text (or rasm ) of

1147-476: The palatal consonants exhibits assimilation, indicating that assimilation ceased to be productive before that consonant shifted from Old Arabic /ɬ/ : Proto-Central Semitic, Proto-Arabic, various forms of Old Arabic, and some modern Najdi dialects to this day have alternation in the performative vowel of the prefix conjugation, depending on the stem vowel of the verb. Early forms of Classical Arabic allowed this alternation, but later forms of Classical Arabic levelled

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1184-465: The region seem to indicate simplification or absence of the inflectional morphology of Classical Arabic. It is often said that the Bedouin dialects of Najd were probably the most conservative (or at least resembled the elevated intertribal idiom morphologically and lexically more than the other contemporary vernaculars), a view possibly supported by the romanticization of the ‘purity’ of the language of

1221-612: The regional Arabic varieties were in turn variously influenced by the native languages spoken in the conquered regions, such as Coptic in Egypt; Berber and Punic in the Maghreb; Himyaritic , Modern South Arabian , and Old South Arabian in Yemen; and Aramaic in the Levant. Like Modern Standard Arabic, Classical Arabic had 28 consonant phonemes: Notes: The A1 inscription dated to

1258-474: The standardization of the Classical idiom, which are preserved mainly in far later manuscripts, contain traces of elements in morphology and syntax that began to be regarded as chiefly poetic or characteristically regional or dialectal. Despite this, these, along with the Qur'an, were perceived as the principal foundation upon which grammatical inquiry, theorizing, and reasoning were to be based. They also formed

1295-616: The syntactic structures available in Classical Arabic, but the morphology and syntax have remained basically unchanged. In the Arab world little distinction is made between Classical Arabic and Modern Standard Arabic and both are normally called al-fuṣḥā ( الفصحى ) in Arabic, meaning 'the most eloquent'. The earliest forms of Arabic are known as Old Arabic and survive in inscriptions in Ancient North Arabian scripts as well as fragments of pre-Islamic poetry preserved in

1332-611: The wharf coming from their boats with buckets of fish in their hand. The shrimp season starts in September and ends in early February. Fahaheel is home to the Al Kout Mall and several other traditional and modern shops. The area is named after a diminutive form for the word for masculine palm tree in Arabic , فحيحيل from فحل . This Kuwaiti location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Gulf Arabic language Gulf Arabic can be defined as

1369-459: Was to facilitate different linguistic aspects. Modern Standard Arabic is its direct descendant used today throughout the Arab world in writing and in formal speaking, for example prepared speeches, some radio and television broadcasts and non-entertainment content. The lexis and stylistics of Modern Standard Arabic are different from Classical Arabic, and Modern Standard Arabic uses a subset of

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