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104-610: The appearance of the Five-Finger Square was unique for Frankfurt as well as in comparison with other medieval half-timbered towns. It was the central convergence point of several small streets; Schwertfegergässchen , Drachengässchen , Goldhutgasse and Flößergasse. The Rapunzelgässchen , which ran directly behind what is today the Römerberg-Ostzeile, met the Flößergasse shortly before the entrance to

208-661: A Merovingian character. Among the very many crypts , numerous due to the importance of the cult of saints at the time, only those of St. Seurin, Bordeaux, St. Laurent, Grenoble , the crypt of the Abbey of Saint Médard in Soissons,and the abbey of Jouarre (7th century) survive. By the 7th century, the abilities of Merovingian craftsmen must have been well regarded, as they were brought to England to re-introduce glass making skills, and Merovingian stonemasons were used to build English churches. Merovingian masons also employed

312-421: A boy leaning against an ornate stone water jug; the name of the fountain was reminiscent of the nearby Haus zum Fleischer (house address at that time: Römerberg 14 ), which was demolished in 1873 due to dilapidation (see picture). The alley names on the Five-Finger Square have always been related to handicraft in the earliest records. Therefore, it can be assumed that, according to the medieval understanding of

416-457: A clear decision by politicians. The competition, originally announced for January 2005, ultimately did not take place. In May 2005, the political powers decided not to pursue the competition any further. They nevertheless insisted that the following requirements be in place for any further urban planning competition: small-scale buildings with facades and roofs need to fit harmoniously into the old town, housing 20,000 m of gross floor space within

520-467: A few of these requirements. In this plan, the "Coronation Trail" was not going to follow the original route, but was to be built in a straight diagonal line from the Stone house to the cathedral tower. The plan involved construction of large scale buildings and a trapezoidal shaped square was planned at the level of the archaeological garden, which, like the diagonal to the cathedral tower, had never existed in

624-514: A head building between Goldhut and Flössergasse and with only the northern firewall, was called Zum Widder (English: House of the Ram). Because of its extremely small parcel, which was two meters short on the narrowest side facing the Square, but on the other side extended over a total of three cantilevered floors and ended with a very pointed roof. It was not only an attractive sight but was often seen as

728-428: A maximum floor area despite the small footprint, each upper floor protruded considerably from the one below. For stability, the upper floors rested on strong lugs, as could be observed everywhere along Goldhutgasse (see picture). The impression of space was reinforced by the butcher's or craftsman's well. The pump fountain, built around 1800, consisted of a simple, ornamentless stele made of main sandstone, on which stood

832-710: A possibility of total idyll". He then sits down First of all, basically with architectural reconstructions, using the example of the Dresden Zwinger, the Knochenhaueramtshaus and the Warsaw Old Town who kept the memory of their destruction in different ways. He recalls an earlier article that he wrote about the planned demolition of the Technical Town Hall and reconstructions in the old town for Die Zeit, and in which he made fun of

936-544: A press appointment. Originally, the Coronation Trail and Dom-Römer area were to be open to the public from the end of March 2018; ultimately happened on 9 May. From 28 to 30 September 2018, the new old town district was officially opened with an old town festival, in which more than 250,000 visitors took part. The actual total cost of the project will be available in spring 2020 when all buildings are occupied and identified deficiencies are resolved. According to

1040-493: A question of how you can build a city that is useful today – it's about generating an image of a city". Stephan Trüby criticized the entire project. The New Old Town was initiated by Claus Wolfschlagback, a "right-wing radical with links to the extremist milieu". This is no coincidence, "the reconstruction architecture in Germany is currently developing into a key medium of authoritarian, ethnic, historical revisionist rights". It

1144-635: A similar form in Frankfurt's urban history. At the presentation of the draft, however, Edwin Schwarz (CDU), head of the planning department, emphasised that it was only a suggestion of how the required building dimensions should be made: "What can be seen here will not be built this way". Other architectural competitions would decide on the final design. Schwarz also spoke out against the reconstruction of individual historical buildings, since these would then stand next to modern buildings. The winning design

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1248-584: A small appearance, the building dimensions were designed as an ensemble of five buildings. In March 2011, the results of the architecture competition for the new buildings on the Dom-Römer area were presented. In April 2011, the designs were publicly exhibited in the Paulskirche in Frankfurt, while the planning services for the eight urban and nine optional reconstructions were put out to tender. In July 2011, Dom-Römer GmbH announced another competition for

1352-465: A special committee for the old town development, similar to the committee that had been formed during the planning for the reconstruction of the row of houses built on the Romer Square in the early 1980s. It became clear that the competitors were largely able to agree on a common line: the most exact possible restoration of the historical floor plan with its alleys, squares and courtyards, as well as

1456-482: A token of gratitude for the end of death. Between July 22, 1349 and February 2, 1350, the Black Death claimed over 2,000 lives in the city, about a fifth of the population at that time. At the end of the 1930s, as part of the renovation of the old town, a half-timbering was uncovered, which the painting fell victim to, despite only being applied about 10 years earlier. With simple St. Andrew's crosses and rhombuses,

1560-491: A total of 16 coronation ceremonies for Roman-German kings were held in Frankfurt from the 14th to the 18th century. 20 offices took part in the urban planning competition. In August 2005, an application was submitted suggesting the reconstruction of some important historic buildings that had been destroyed in the war. However, the winning design chosen by the Frankfurt office KSP Engel and Zimmermann in September 2005 met only

1664-400: A total of 27 plots. Together with the eight plots that were planned for urban reconstructions, a total of 35 buildings were to be built on the site. In September 2010, after a round of revisions, the fourth-placed architectural firm Meurer Architects was selected with a revised design for a building envisaged to cover the entire archaeological garden close to the cathedral. In order to maintain

1768-416: Is a piece of civic pride that manifests itself in these houses, and the best craftsmen, artists, monument experts and architects contribute to it ... The citizen of the almost digitally located society insures the lost anchor of its origin and provides it with rock solid reinforcement made of cement". Jürgen Tietz doubts that the new old town will contribute to the future of the city. It is a fairytale world,

1872-733: The opus gallicum extensively and are responsible for bringing it to England and bequeathing it to the Normans , who brought it to Italy. Very few Merovingian illuminated manuscripts survive, of which the most richly decorated is the 8th century Gelasian Sacramentary in the Vatican Library , which has geometric and animal decoration, less complex than that of the Insular art of the British Isles, but like it derived from metalwork motifs, with some influence from Late Antiquity and

1976-577: The Altstadt (old town), which was severely damaged during World War II , in the style of the pre-war architecture. Due to the heavy bombing of Frankfurt am Main in World War II , most of the city's old town was destroyed. Efforts to rebuild parts of the historic fabric of the old town began in the 1950s with the Römer city hall, which was built as a modern office building behind the old façade that

2080-526: The Baroque era, the streets were laid out in a radial direction leading to the gate and were simply built over in the following centuries while maintaining this floor plan. The other theory argues that another large marketplace similar to the Römerberg was located on the site but in the early Middle Ages, the old town was short of space and the market was built over due to the shifting market activities. In

2184-617: The Frankish kingdom under Clovis I (465–511) and his successors, corresponded with the need for the building of churches, and especially monastery churches, as these were now the power-houses of the Merovingian church. Plans often continued the Roman basilica tradition, but also took influences from as far away as Syria and Armenia. In the East, most structures were in timber, but stone

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2288-794: The Große Rittergasse in Sachsenhausen next to the Kuhhirtenturm. As part of the Dom-Römer project, the city council received an application to set up the butcher fountain on the square in front of the reconstructed house of the Golden Scales. After the rubble was cleared, the Five-Finger Square remained part of a parking lot until the early 1970s when the Dom / Römer underground station was created. Any reconstruction of

2392-522: The U-Bahn Line B station. Civic engagement in particular led to the old town-oriented planning of the Dom-Römer project. The 35 designs of new buildings were determined in several architectural competitions with more than 170 participants. The foundation stone was laid in January 2012. At the end of 2017, all of the houses' exteriors were largely completed. On 9 May 2018, the fences were removed and

2496-412: The "half-timbered longing", the "longing for a city like this looks like the cities that Frankfurt might like to visit as tourists". After a tour of the construction site, however, he was impressed by the quality of the construction and also the architecture, and the enthusiasm of the craftsmen. He states: "Valuable materials, traditional craftsmanship, everything at its finest. With its new old town, which

2600-419: The 17th century only extended to the upper floors but retained a ground floor from at least the first half of the 15th century. All in all, the house was an interesting hybrid of medieval and modern carpentry. His loss due to the war is also extremely unfortunate from an engineering point of view, as modern investigation methods could certainly have provided valuable information about the specific development of

2704-429: The Dom-Römer project. The project was essentially about city repair. One of the main benefits of the project is the recovery of Braubachstrasse. In the past 70 years, practically no urban space has emerged that has the quality of the new old town. The ensemble effect is even better than originally thought. Suddenly the architects are on the defensive and have a professional discussion about their health. One could learn from

2808-427: The Frankfurt house fight, "sociologists see today as the beginning of a second homeland security movement". The "storm of indignation", which was triggered by the "remarkably mediocre facade views" of the winning design from the 2005 competition, was decisive for the reconstruction project of the new old town. "Unlike the second-place design ... which u. a. Paying tribute to the place with a multi-angle roof landscape, in

2912-498: The Merovingian dynasty in Gaul in the 5th century led to important changes in the field of arts. Sculptural arts consisted of the ornamentation of sarcophagi , altars and ecclesiastical furniture. Gold work and the new medium of manuscript illumination integrated "barbarian" animal-style decoration, with Late Antique motifs, and other contributions from as far as Syria or Ireland to constitute Merovingian art. The unification of

3016-559: The Merovingian foundations of Saint-Denis , St. Gereon in Cologne , and the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés in Paris, are described as similarly ornate. Some small buildings remain, especially baptisteries , which fell out of fashion and were spared rebuilding. In Aix-en-Provence , Riez and Fréjus , three octagonal baptistries , each covered with a cupola on pillars, are testimony to

3120-606: The Near-East. The principal centres were the Abbey of Luxeuil , an Irish foundation, and later its daughter house at Corbie Abbey . A large Merovingian art collection in Berlin was taken by Soviet troops to Russia, where it remains to this day. Dom-R%C3%B6mer Project The New Frankfurt Old Town (also known as the Dom-Römer Quarter ) is the centre of the old town of Frankfurt am Main , Germany, which

3224-635: The New Old Town for the travel journal of the FAZ from the "most beautiful and useless place in Frankfurt", the Belvedere of the Haus zur goldenen Waage , "face to face with the cathedral tower". He knew Belvederchen, which was destroyed in 1944, from "illustrated books about old Frankfurt", which he studied as a young man, "the invocation of an era that is no longer imaginable, ... pure history ... Frankfurt as

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3328-548: The Observer. The architecture journalist Enrico Santifaller contradicts this. The debate about the old town has historical roots, since 1880 the design has always been struggling anew, with opponents and advocates of reconstructions not fitting in a right-left scheme. The reconstruction of the Römerberg-Ostzeile was based on an idea by the SPD Mayor Rudi Arndt. At the same time, Linke and Spontis had instigated

3432-457: The Offenbach painter Heinrich Holz , who nonetheless oriented the traditional role of the building in the design of the facade and richly themed them with inscriptions decorated, which said: The painting below the windows on the 1st floor depicted the suffering caused by the plague - writhing figures fighting with snakes, while the painting below the 2nd and 3rd floors showed people dancing as

3536-489: The Technisches Rathaus, "rammed as a concrete juggernaut in the middle of the previously closed row of houses on Braubachstrasse", had remained a provocative and ignorant foreign body in the urban fabric for decades. In spite of its architectural quality, this was his doom. Dankwart Guratzsch points to the broad consensus in which the reconstruction was decided. "It is the will of a committed citizenry ... It

3640-422: The adjoining house at Drachengasse 5 now shaped the place until the 1930s. It therefore did not appear on most postcards from that time or is only slightly cut out of the photos. At the end of the 1930s, a large-scale renovation of the old town was carried out in Frankfurt am Main. In contrast to the historicist renovations at the turn of the century, which often destroyed more substance than redeveloped ones, and

3744-430: The alleys. Whoever stood at the intersection of the alleys could not see out, although two of the most important junctions in the old town, the market with the chicken market and the Römerberg, were only a few meters away. The plots on the square were unusually small and, unlike on the surrounding main streets in the old town, had not been contracted over the centuries for larger construction projects. In order to achieve

3848-411: The architecture firm Prof. Bernd Winking Architects for the "Stadthaus am Markt" was awarded 1st prize. This provided for a compact building above the archaeological garden, but the draft was to be revised in consultation with the planning office of the city of Frankfurt. The four winners of the competition for the "Stadthaus am Markt" were asked by the city to revise their designs. This made it clear that

3952-449: The beginning of the period and at the time on the edge of Frankish territory, gives cause to regret the disappearance of this building, one of the most beautiful Merovingian churches, which he says had 120 marble columns, towers at the East end, and several mosaics: "Saint-Martin displayed the vertical emphasis, and the combination of block-units forming a complex internal space and the correspondingly rich external silhouette, which were to be

4056-491: The beginning of the reconstruction debate immediately after the destruction. Dieter Bartetzko compares the old town with an unfathomably deep fountain that draws on the myths of the past and gives life in the present. He recalls that the fountain on the chicken market was drilled as early as Roman times and that the Carolingian people were probably already aware that they lived on historical ground. This explains why Frankfurt

4160-407: The bomb war and Shoah when they saw the now demolished Technical Town Hall". Most critics mocked questions of taste. "It is often said that this type of architecture is just a backdrop, untrue, inauthentic ... But architecture is always illusory ... Only in some residential and commercial areas, where every design claim is sacrificed, is the architecture really true". Even Laura Weißmüller emphasizes

4264-399: The butcher - mundartlich was also called Flösser . There was no direct road connection to Bendergasse, but there was a footpath through the basement of Goldhutgasse 14 / Bendergasse 26, popularly known as Stinkgasse - a descriptive name for the hygienic conditions prevailing here. All the houses around the square belonged to one of the alleys that brought them together. In the south it

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4368-406: The cathedral remained as a rubble clearance wasteland for many years and its development was debated for a long time. In 1953, archaeologists uncovered the remains of a Roman settlement, and traces of the Carolingian period, beneath the area of the high medieval layers. The archaeological finds were preserved and made accessible to the public as an archaeological garden. In 1966, the Frankfurt subway

4472-578: The city forward. The foreigners in particular, who we led over the construction site, were of the opinion that the people of Frankfurt should have remembered their history as a European metropolis much earlier". He personally likes the two new buildings. Best with the Three Romans (Markt 40) and Großer Rebstock (Markt 8); the least successful are the Goldene Schachtel (Markt 32) and her neighbor Alter Burggraf . Andreas Maier describes

4576-474: The city in autumn 2006. Based on some basic points made at these events, in November 2006, the political powers presented key points for the future development of the old town: extensive restoration of the historical city plan, reconstruction of four buildings ( Haus zur Goldenen Waage, Neues Rotes Haus, Haus zum Esslinger and Goldenes Lämmchen ) at their historical locations, as well as design guidelines for

4680-407: The construction can be dated but almost certainly at least in the first half of the 17th century. On the other hand, the ground floor showed some peculiarities: it was not massive, but largely made of wood, apart from an approximately knee-high stone base. The dowel ceiling, which is visible from the outside between the ground floor and the first floor, is a further indication that a new building from

4784-509: The construction costs of the project would not be around 170 million euros, but would again amount to 185.7 million euros, according to a new estimate. The townhouse was finally opened in June 2016. On 15 October 2016, the city of Frankfurt celebrated the topping-out ceremony and opened parts of the construction site to citizens. A virtual project film gave an impression of what the old town would look like after completion. On 12 December 2016,

4888-476: The craft when Lohe , in old and middle high German still called Lö with umlaut, was used to denote tree bark used for tanning . In Schwertfeger street, swords were the craft wrought by the former residents. The name of the dragon narrow calle - earlier referred to as flax weber alley after the craftmen who worked there - though not clarified completely, was possibly encouraged by the imagination of urban peoples about medieval legends that were associated with

4992-575: The current economic plan, DomRömer GmbH anticipates total costs of "around 200, maximum 210 million euros". The city of Frankfurt raised around 75 million euros from the sale of the apartments. Over €80 million was also transferred to the city's fixed assets, including the Stadthaus am Markt (€25 million), the refurbished underground car park (€35 million), the Goldene Waage and Neues Rotes Haus (€8 million and €3 million respectively). The value of

5096-399: The danger is great that "only a dollhouse will be created, a backdrop for photographing tourists, selfie stick drawn and thumbs up. What characterizes historic old towns cannot be ordered and also not simply built". The creative replicas are "fake architecture", "between the concrete structure and the exposed stone wall, the insulation wool peels out and proves that history is even possible in

5200-434: The dark, which was ever present, in the very narrow streets due to the lack of artificial light. The name Rapunzelgässchen goes back to the 18th century and testified to the herbal market that was taking place at the time at the northern exit of Gässchen to the market. Previously, it was also called rope alley after a medieval craft. The name of the rafters alley explained as the same fountain from 1873 demolished house to

5304-449: The design for the area up to a citizens referendum. The SPD said that two or three competing designs with historical or historicizing and modern buildings should be developed. In October 2005, voters presented their concept for a historically accurate reconstruction of old houses, alleys and squares under the title "An Old Town for Frankfurt's Soul". In December 2005 the CDU tried to set up

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5408-414: The design that won the first prize would not necessarily be implemented. Dom-Römer GmbH argued that all the buildings in the area that weren't planned to be reconstructed, could be feasibly reconstructed based on the available documentation, provided that private investors were found. The deadline for interested parties to purchase a property in the Dom-Römer area ended on 31 July 2010. On 12 June 2010,

5512-414: The destroyed old town houses could have been rebuilt, the city imposed a construction stop in 1946 and had the rubble cleared until 1950. The Butchers' Well had survived the war, badly damaged, and protruded from the ruins of the old town for a while until it was removed and initially disappeared into an urban depot. In 1968 it was restored by the Frankfurt sculptor Georg Krämer and was given a new location in

5616-464: The development of the Dom-Römer area was laid symbolically on 23 January 2012. The buildings were built on top of the 1972 underground car park and subway station. In August 2012 an extension of the Schirn art gallery had to be demolished in order to create more space for the new old town. The completion of the entire Dom-Römer area was planned for 2017. In December 2015, it was announced that

5720-463: The development of the archaeological garden, called "Stadthaus am Markt", was launched. In addition, the Dom-Römer GmbH was founded as an urban company for the development of the Dom-Römer area. According to an initial estimate by Dom-Römer GmbH, the cost of building the old town was €95 million, of which €20 million was due to the demolition of the town hall. In December 2009, the design by

5824-533: The early 1940s showed, the decision was made not to expose the original half-timbering, probably because, as so often, it was completely spoiled by the subsequent changes. Merovingian art and architecture Merovingian art is the art of the Merovingian dynasty of the Franks , which lasted from the 5th century to the 8th century in present-day France , Benelux and a part of Germany . The advent of

5928-420: The ensemble of the old town, but should nevertheless be recognizable as 21st century buildings. In 2013, a citizens' initiative was formed against the competition results in favour implementing more reconstructions with the help of a citizens' decision. It was unsuccessful. At the beginning of April 2010, the demolition of the technical town hall began and was completed by early 2012. The foundation stone for

6032-478: The epitome of the Gothic house. However, the half-timbering uncovered a progressive, in no detail really medieval construction on the building. This was made clear by two fully trained male figures in the half-timbering, which was only be present in half-timbered buildings from the second half of the 16th century. Because of the conservative citizenry and the associated very long finale of the late Gothic in Frankfurt,

6136-441: The face of today's building regulations cannot be reproduced true to the original". Philipp Oswalt said similarly. It is absurd to build so few apartments for 200 million. The city stopped social housing, subsidized luxury apartments and thus privatized public goods. The entire Dom-Römer project is an expression of a conservative zeitgeist that hides the disintegration of public cohesion through symbolic-media replacement. "It's not

6240-458: The guild, there were mainly craftsmen based on alleys: The Goldhutgasse (see picture.), was previously known as Schuhgasse due to the presence of many wooden shoemakers, but got its modern name from the millinery in the house for the Golden Hut on the corner of Market / Goldhutgasse (Street address: Markt 31 ). Löhergasse , which once ran east of Goldhutgasse, also got its name from

6344-528: The half-timbered building in Alt-Frankfurt. The corner house between Drachengässchen and Goldhutgasse was called Zur wilden Frau (English: House of the Wild Woman) and had a thematic painting that was reminiscent of a dragon . There was hardly a larger side to the square than the neighbouring Haus zum Widder, but in depth it took up almost half of the block that extended to the market. Apart from

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6448-548: The hallmarks of the Romanesque". A feature of the basilica of Saint-Martin that became a hallmark of Frankish church architecture was the sarcophagus or reliquary of the saint raised to be visible and sited axially behind the altar, sometimes in the apse . There are no Roman precedents for this Frankish innovation. The Saint Peter's church in Vienne is the only surviving one. A number of other buildings, now lost, including

6552-420: The historical center of Frankfurt the "architectural sin" of the Technical Town Hall was to be replaced by the usual dreary cough of the real estate industry. "Only then did a dynamic develop," in which the idea, tallest skyscrapers in continental Europe, building an "old" and "cozy" city suddenly became consensual". Santifaller advocates avoiding ideological blinkers and "risking a second look". Only through this

6656-538: The influence of oriental architecture (the baptistry of Riez, in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence , recalls that of St. George, Ezra', Syria ). Very different from these Provençal baptistries, except for the quatrefoil one of Venasque , that of St. Jean at Poitiers (6th century) has the form of a rectangle flanked by three apses. The original building has probably undergone a number of alterations but preserves in its decoration (marble capitals)

6760-495: The managing director of the GmbH reported to the Dom-Römer special committee that the current calculation was 196 million euros. As the head of planning stated, the additional costs would arise from non-project costs, such as the renovation of the underground car park. At the same time bring only the 65 apartments on the site of a 90 million euro for the city. In December 2017, the externally completed reconstructions were presented at

6864-584: The middle of the 14th century , as descriptions of the times detail, a further passage called Löhergasse ran east of Goldhutgasse from Flößergasse towards the market. Later development led to the southern part of the former Löhergasse becoming a back yard for the surrounding houses on the market, the Langen Schirn and the Bendergasse. The house Little Paradise (Street address: Markt 27 ) could be due to its remarkably bent front (see picture.): This

6968-410: The narrow side, the house with its mansard roof and baroque windows looked like a product from the late 17th or 18th century, but here too the 1930s exposure brought unexpected details to light. They uncovered massive Gothic corner stands on the ground floor, so that here too it can be assumed that the building altered into a baroque with a core building from the late Middle Ages. However, as photos from

7072-628: The new district was made fully accessible to the public. From 28 to 30 September 2018, a three-day festival was held for the opening, which attracted between 250,000 and 300,000 visitors. In March 2019, the Frankfurt Dom-Römer project received the prestigious international MIPIM award. During the Second World War, the medieval old town of Frankfurt am Main, until then one of the best preserved in Central Europe,

7176-488: The nine optional reconstructions. Only the builders of the Hühnermarkt 18 plots (Schildknecht house) and Braubachstraße 27 opted for new buildings. In total, 15 reconstructions and 20 new buildings were to be built. The chicken market as the central square of the new old town was reconstructed on three sides. The architects, who were awarded first prizes in 2011, prevailed over the new buildings, which fit harmoniously into

7280-499: The northwest and Little Römer in the west (house address: Römerberg 12 ) and the small food stall (house address: Römerberg 14 ), which in turn were the annexes of the Großer Laubenberg house (house address: Römerberg 16 ). The houses, which had a side facing the sword sweep or dragon alley, had no corresponding address, rather they were either closed to Goldhutgasse or to the market. Other houses nearby included

7384-408: The only superficial measures taken by the federal government of old town friends in the 1920s, they largely took place under modern monument conservation aspects. In 1936, the houses at the five-finger site were also completely renovated, numerous half-timbered buildings were exposed, the firewall of the house at Drachengasse 5 was converted into a real facade with windows, and a completely new space

7488-492: The option of either renovation of the current building or demolition and subsequent small-scale development in its place. There was demand for a return of the small-scale structures that used to form the Gothic old town. The councils competition was considered an unusual procedure. The Chamber of Architects in Wiesbaden opposed the competition approach and considered the obligation to submit two drafts impractical and called for

7592-420: The other hand, in the second half of the 19th century (between 1862 and 1877 ) the rather small houses with the address Goldhutgasse 1 and 3 were torn down for unexplained reasons. The reason, as was so often the case at this time, was most likely dilapidation. In fact, the entire structure of the old town was in a catastrophic condition at the turn of the century. The unplastered and therefore unsightly firewall of

7696-509: The other houses. The archaeological garden was to be built over in small parts and remain open to the public. In September 2007, the city council approved a plan for the reconstruction of additional buildings, provided that private investors could fund them. The move of the city offices from the Technisches Rathaus was replanned for autumn 2009, and the demolition began in 2010. In July 2009, an architecture competition for

7800-518: The plague first occurred here in 1349 in Frankfurt. It is questionable, however, that the three-storey, plastered half-timbered house on view was actually still a Gothic building: the lack of overhangs, the more urban dimensions, and the ridge swivel expressed with a huge dwarf house rather refer to the 18th century than to the Middle Ages. When the Frankfurt wholesale merchant Johannes Georg Kipp had his parents' house restored in 1924, he called

7904-475: The port , the Hadder cat , the track mouth or the golden lower coronary . Many of them were designed as restaurants and pubs equally for the numerous tourists and the active Frankfurt nightlife. The most famous sight of the place was the so-called Pesthaus, in principle only a back house of the house with the address Bendergasse 26 (address for the five-finger cookie: Goldhutgasse 14). According to tradition,

8008-420: The project for future new building projects "that one needs more depth in dealing with architecture. It can no longer be about creating volume. You have to provide identification with special design elements. You have to put more effort into the details". He opposes criticism that you could have built many social housing for the same money; this thinking is "totally limited". "It was a sensible investment, it brings

8112-509: The property boundaries of the Technisches Rathaus , with overbuilding of the archaeological garden, but maintenance of it as an indoor museum, and a restoration of the old "coronation path" street layout between the cathedral and the Roman. The name "Coronation Trail", an alternative name for the alley market (also known as the Old Market ), which existed until 1945, arose from the fact that

8216-485: The quality and attention to detail with which the New Old Town was built. Starting with the planning and the careful construction, all parties involved, builders, architects, planners and construction companies pulled together in Frankfurt. "One would wish that so much attention to detail and care would be put into a construction project that did not pretend that the Second World War had never existed". Michael Guntersdorf talks to Matthias Alexander about his experiences with

8320-756: The reconstruction of individual, significant houses. In an interview with the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Mayor Petra Roth (CDU) suggested that four buildings, including the Haus zur goldenen Waage and the Neue Rote Haus could be reconstructed, but Roth believed that these could not be rebuilt in their original locations. In May 2006, the German Federal Government architect (BDA) Workshop organised 50 architects to draft proposals for 20 plots to be built, with

8424-535: The result showed a building that was originally designed from a visual point of view, but in no way elaborate with jewellery forms or even carvings and thus only confirms the thesis that the original plague house was replaced by a new building after the end of the Middle Ages. The neighbouring Haus zum Hasen (English: House of the Rabbits) was almost completely identical to the neighboring Pesthaus, at least in terms of appearance, and thus probably also to be treated in

8528-448: The right or on the left. They obtain their legitimation primarily from two sources: their craft quality and their civic acceptance. Both are given in Frankfurt". Hanno Rauterberg contradicts the thesis that the reconstruction of the old town goes hand in hand with the erasure of history and guilt. The debate alone leads to more people thinking about the destruction and its background. On the other hand, "no one in Frankfurt felt reminded of

8632-405: The same way with regard to its time of origin. A closer look at the building history is no longer possible, since the half-timbering of the building has been plastered at least since the early 19th century and has never been documented in drawings or photographs. In 1924 it was painted like the plague house by Heinrich Holz and provided with an inscription by Rudolf Kilb : The house, which stood as

8736-410: The shops and restaurants from which the city generates ongoing rental income is around 12 million euros. About 15 to 20 percent of the additional costs incurred during the construction period are due to changes in the plan and interventions in the construction process. Public criticism and approval accompanied the project from the start. The lines of argumentation often followed the same pattern as since

8840-457: The spectrum of designs ranging from modern buildings with high proportions of glass to modern interpretations of half-timbered houses (similar to the houses built in Saalgasse in the 1980s). In June 2006 it was announced that the technical town hall would be demolished in 2008. In order to involve the citizens in the planning, a planning workshop with around 60 participants was carried out by

8944-467: The square has become impossible in the long term since the Kunsthalle Schirn now covers large parts of the original site. The Five-Finger Square was less a place than a crossroads of several alleys, since it was not limited by a closed front of houses except to the south. The impression of a small square was nevertheless created by the winding arrangement of the houses and the curved course of

9048-490: The square. The name came from the fact that from a bird's eye view the very narrow passages of the old town or rows of buildings merged like the fingers of one hand. Regarding the natural urban planning origin, two different theories are in balance: one follows the assumption that the north gate of the Merovingian Palatinate was located on the site of the five-finger square. Similar to later town planning in

9152-457: The statutes for the Dom-Römer area came into force. This described guidelines for the structure and design of facades and roofs as well as the use of materials. Only steeply pitched gable roofs with a minimum of 55 degrees were permitted. In August 2010 an open architecture competition for the new buildings on the Dom-Römer area was announced. A total of 56 architectural firms were selected to participate and were to develop new building designs for

9256-470: The two plots Markt 7 and Markt 40, which resulted in first and three second prizes in October 2011, plus two recognition's. On 24 January 2012, Dom-Römer GmbH presented the results of which architects were selected for the development of the Dom-Römer area and thus for the first time an overview of the future shape of the old town. In addition to the eight urban reconstructions, buyers were found for seven of

9360-522: The war were demolished to excavate the construction pit. The building, built in the brutalist architectural style, dominated the former old town, in a style very different from that of the small-scale buildings in the area. The construction costs totalled DM 93 million. In 2004, developers discussed plans for renovating the 30-year-old technical town hall. The city council then decided in December 2004 to carry out an urban planning ideas competition with

9464-553: Was reconstructed from 2012 to 2018 as part of a major urban development project called the Dom-Römer Project (German: Dom-Römer-Projekt ). The project redesigned and developed a 7,000 m (75,000 sq ft) property between Römerberg in the west and Domplatz in the east, delimited by Braubachstrasse in the north and the Schirn Kunsthalle in the south, in an effort to remake the old city centre,

9568-645: Was "scandalous that the initiative of a right-wing radical without any significant civil society resistance led to a slick neighborhood with seemingly seamless repeat architectures". The new old town is "a sub-complex heal-world building that reduces history to a one-dimensional concert of your dreams ... A history in which National Socialism, the German wars of aggression and the Holocaust still survive as anecdotes of an otherwise unbroken national history". Trüby's theses also received international attention, for example in

9672-432: Was almost completely destroyed by bombing. Only a few historical buildings remained, and in the post-war period, other damaged buildings were also demolished, mostly in favour of "car-friendly" traffic planning. There were very few external reconstructions of buildings and the majority of the former old town was rebuilt in the style of the 1950s, largely abandoning the historic street network. The area between Römerberg and

9776-451: Was because it was half built on an original street entrance, as could still be seen by the 20th century. On the other hand, the earliest surviving topographical representations of Frankfurt, such as the plan by Conrad Faber von Creuznach from 1552 or the famous bird 's eye view plan by Matthäus Merian the Elder from 1628, showed that Löhergasse was already overbuilt and the Five-Finger Square

9880-526: Was created to the east of Goldhutgasse by means of a coring measure with the Handwerkerhöfchen (see plan). During the air raid on March 22, 1944, a devastating firestorm developed in this part of the old town because, without exception, there were half-timbered houses. Many of them were completely made of wood to the ground level and burned down completely. Only stone walls of the ground floors of individual houses remained. Although at least some of

9984-526: Was extended under the old town. When the Dom/Römer underground station was built in 1970–71, it destroyed a large part of the oldest settlement floor in Frankfurt (which had not yet been archaeologically examined) due to the open construction method, Subsequently, after years of discussion, the Technisches Rathaus was created in 1972–1974 as the seat of the technical offices of the city administration. Five old town houses on Braubachstrasse that had survived

10088-471: Was it possible to see, in addition to all banal re-creations and new creations, as well as detailed errors, the "subtle and not always legible references to breaks and discontinuity", for example in the house of the three Romans or the building in Braubachstrasse 21 . In his reply to Trüby's polemic, Matthias Alexander also points out that "reconstructions cannot be classified politically either on

10192-582: Was more common for significant buildings in the West and in the southern areas that later fell under Merovingian rule. Most major churches have been rebuilt, usually more than once, but many Merovingian plans have been reconstructed from archaeology. The description in Bishop Gregory of Tours ' History of the Franks of the basilica of Saint-Martin, built at Tours by Saint Perpetuus (bishop 460–490) at

10296-522: Was only when tourism emerged at the end of the 19th century that it was rediscovered and quickly made a popular travel destination and a frequent photo and postcard motif. Within a few years, it had become, in addition to other classic old Frankfurt views such as the Kannengießergasse or the Roseneck , the highest representative status for the beauty and type of the old town of Frankfurt. On

10400-466: Was received with controversy. People criticised the layout of the "Coronation Trail" and the buildings were felt to be too massive, with flat roofs designs that did not harmonise with the gable roofs of the old town. The city council decided to revise the draft significantly and to lean more closely toward the historical model. In September 2005, the Frankfurt SPD proposed to leave the decision on

10504-434: Was referred to in its first documentary mention in 794 as a locus celeber , a celebrated site . He describes the old town with Nietzsche as an architectural palimpsest that always keeps the memory of the past in the minds of city dwellers, no matter how often it is overwritten. He explains this thesis using the example of the new building at Großer Rebstock (Markt 8) and the reconstruction at Braubachstraße 21 . In contrast,

10608-595: Was still standing after the war. An underground car park was built under the Römerberg square, and on top of the Romerberg area, in front of the Cathedral, the brutalist Technisches Rathaus ("Technical City Hall") was built in 1974. The Technisches Rathaus was demolished in 2010–11, and the reconstruction of the old town core began. The project was built on top of a 1970s underground multi-storey car park and

10712-523: Was the back houses of Bendergasse 26 and 24 with the address Goldhutgasse 14 and 12, called Pesthaus and Haus zum Hasen. In the east between Flößergasse and Goldhutgasse was the very narrow Haus zum Widder (house address: Goldhutgasse 16 ). The head building between Goldhutgasse and Drachengasse in the northeast, after the demolition of houses Goldhutgasse 1 and 3, was the Haus zur wild Frau (house address: Goldhutgasse 7 ). House Drachengasse 5 closed in

10816-474: Was therefore almost in the same condition as it was in the 20th century. Accordingly, due to the constant lack of building land, the development was narrowed, at least roughly, in the period between 1350 and 1552. The shape of the Little Paradise allows a dating between 1470 and 1550 due to the exposed, transition-time half-timbering in the gable. The Square remained largely unchanged for centuries. It

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