63-481: Filipino Sign Language (FSL) or Philippine Sign Language ( Filipino : Wikang pasenyas ng mga Pilipino ), is a sign language originating in the Philippines. Like other sign languages , FSL is a unique language with its own grammar , syntax and morphology ; it is not based on and does not resemble Filipino or English. Some researchers consider the indigenous signs of FSL to be at risk of being lost due to
126-556: A "Modernizing the Language Approach Movement" (MOLAM). Lacuesta hosted a number of "anti-purist" conferences and promoted a "Manila Lingua Franca" which would be more inclusive of loanwords of both foreign and local languages. Lacuesta managed to get nine congressmen to propose a bill aiming to abolish the SWP with an Akademia ng Wikang Filipino , to replace the balarila with a Gramatica ng Wikang Filipino , to replace
189-585: A common national language, termed Filipino , to replace Pilipino. Neither the original nor the amended version specified either Tagalog or Pilipino as the basis for Filipino; Instead, tasking the National Assembly to: take steps toward the development and formal adoption of a common national language to be known as Filipino. In 1987, a new constitution designated Filipino as the national language and, along with English, as an official language. That constitution included several provisions related to
252-627: A resolution on November 9, 1937 recommending Tagalog to be basis of the national language. On December 30, President Quezon issued Executive Order No. 134, s. 1937, approving the adoption of Tagalog as the language of the Philippines, and proclaimed the national language of the Philippines so based on the Tagalog language. Quezon himself was born and raised in Baler, Aurora , which is a native Tagalog-speaking area. The order stated that it would take effect two years from its promulgation. On December 31 of
315-429: A week and was known as Linggo ng Wika (Language Week). The celebration coincides with the month of birth of President Manuel L. Quezon, regarded as the "Ama ng Wikang Pambansa" (Father of the national language). In 1946, Proclamation No. 35 of March 26 provided for a week-long celebration of the national language. this celebration would last from March 27 until April 2 each year, the last day coinciding with birthday of
378-801: Is a translation of Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights . Usually, the diacritics are not written, and the syntax and grammar are based on that of Tagalog . the General Assembly proclaims this UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among
441-421: Is an agglutinative language but can also display inflection . It is not a tonal language and can be considered a pitch-accent language and a syllable-timed language. It has nine basic parts of speech . The Philippines is a multilingual state with 175 living languages originating and spoken by various ethno-linguistic groups. Many of these languages descend from a common Malayo-Polynesian language due to
504-600: Is argued that current state of the Filipino language is contrary to the intention of Republic Act (RA) No. 7104 that requires that the national language be developed and enriched by the lexicon of the country's other languages. It is further argued that, while the official view (shared by the government, the Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino , and a number of educators) is that Filipino and Tagalog are considered separate languages, in practical terms, Filipino may be considered
567-401: Is frequently used. While the word Tagalista literally means "one who specializes in Tagalog language or culture" or a "Tagalog specialist", in the context of the debates on the national language and " Imperial Manila ", the word Tagalista is used as a reference to "people who promote or would promote the primacy of Tagalog at the expense of [the] other [Philippine] indigenous tongues". This
630-485: Is that speech variety spoken in Metro Manila and other urban centers where different ethnic groups meet. It is the most prestigious variety of Tagalog and the language used by the national mass media. The other yardstick for distinguishing a language from a dialect is: different grammar, different language. "Filipino", "Pilipino" and "Tagalog" share identical grammar. They have the same determiners (ang, ng and sa);
693-414: Is the indigenous written and spoken language of Metro Manila and other urban centers in the Philippines used as the language of communication of ethnic groups . However, as with the 1973 and 1987 Constitutions, 92-1 went neither so far as to categorically identify, nor so far as to dis-identify this language as Tagalog. Definite, absolute, and unambiguous interpretation of 92–1 is the prerogative of
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#1732780784800756-597: Is the national language ( Wikang pambansa / Pambansang wika ) of the Philippines , lingua franca (Karaniwang wika), and one of the two official languages ( Wikang opisyal / Opisyal na wika ) of the country, with English . It is a standardized variety of the native language Tagalog , spoken and written in Metro Manila , the National Capital Region, and in other urban centers of
819-650: The Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino (Commission on the Filipino Language, or KWF), superseding the Institute of Philippine Languages. The KWF reports directly to the President and was tasked to undertake, coordinate and promote researches for the development, propagation and preservation of Filipino and other Philippine languages. On May 13, 1992, the commission issued Resolution 92-1, specifying that Filipino
882-479: The American colonial period , English became an additional official language of the Philippines alongside Spanish; however, the number of speakers of Spanish steadily decreased. The United States initiated policies that led to the gradual removal of Spanish from official use in the Philippines. This was not done through an outright ban, but rather through a strategic shift in language policy that promoted English as
945-697: The Balarílà ng Wikang Pambansâ (English: Grammar of the National Language ) of grammarian Lope K. Santos introduced the 20-letter Abakada alphabet which became the standard of the national language. The alphabet was officially adopted by the Institute for the Tagalog-Based National Language. In 1959, the language became known as Pilipino in an effort to disassociate it from the Tagalog ethnic group . The changing of
1008-528: The Commission on the Filipino Language 's (CFL) plan to abolish its Filipino Sign Language (FSL) Unit. According to ACT, the CFL, led by its chairman Arthur P. Casanova, decided to abolish the unit after some of the unit's members requested the release of their salaries. The members said the abolition will effectively layoff the deaf personnel, "thus, depriving Deaf Filipinos of their language rights and violating
1071-547: The Mariano Marcos State University in Batac, Ilocos Norte, that Filipino was simply Tagalog in syntax and grammar, with as yet no grammatical element or lexicon coming from Ilokano , Cebuano , Hiligaynon , or any of the other Philippine languages . He said further that this is contrary to the intention of Republic Act No. 7104, which requires that the national language be developed and enriched by
1134-965: The Philippine House of Representatives by Rep. Antonio Tinio (Party-list, ACT Teachers) to declare FSL as the National Sign Language of the Philippines and to mandate its use as the medium of official communication in all transactions involving the deaf and the language of instruction of deaf education. As of May 2014, that bill was pending with the Committee on Social Services. In September 2018, Senate Bill No. 1455, sponsored by Senators Nancy Binay , Sherwin Gatchalian , Chiz Escudero , Bam Aquino , Loren Legarda , Joel Villanueva , Cynthia Villar , and Migz Zubiri , passed on third and final reading. On October 30, 2018, Republic Act 11106 or The Filipino Sign Language Act
1197-695: The Philippine School for the Deaf ) by Delia Delight Rice (1883–1964), an American Thomasite teacher born to deaf parents. The school was run and managed by American principals until the 1940s. In the 1960s, contact with American Sign Language continued through the launching of the Deaf Evangelistic Alliance Foundation and the Laguna Christian College for the Deaf. Another source of ASL influence
1260-713: The Supreme Court in the absence of directives from the KWF, otherwise the sole legal arbiter of the Filipino language. Filipino was presented and registered with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), by Ateneo de Manila University student Martin Gomez, and was added to the ISO registry of languages on September 21, 2004, with it receiving the ISO 639-2 code fil . On August 22, 2007, it
1323-466: The 20-letter Abakada with a 32-letter alphabet, and to prohibit the creation of neologisms and the respelling of loanwords. This movement quietened down following the death of Lacuesta. The national language issue was revived once more during the 1971 Constitutional Convention . While there was a sizable number of delegates in favor of retaining the Tagalog-based national language, majority of
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#17327807848001386-518: The Austronesian migration from Taiwan. The common Malayo-Polynesian language split into different languages, and usually through the Malay language, the lingua franca of maritime Southeast Asia, these were able to adopt terms that ultimately originate from other languages such as Japanese , Hokkien , Sanskrit , Tamil , and Arabic . The Malay language was generally used by the ruling classes and
1449-531: The Deaf. "The FSL shall be recognized, promoted and supported as the medium of official communication in all transactions involving the deaf, and as the language of instruction of deaf education, without prejudice to the use of other forms of communications depending on individual choice or preference," the law states. The Department of Education (DepEd), Commission on Higher Education (CHEd), Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (Tesda), and all other national and local government agencies involved in
1512-587: The Filipino Sign Language in schools, broadcast media (instructing the Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster ng Pilipinas [KBP] and Movie and Television Review and Classification Board [MTRCB] to adopt guidance for requiring that sign language interpretation be offered during all news and public affairs programmes), and workplaces. It also mandates the Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino , in consultation with
1575-523: The Filipino language. Article XIV, Section 6, omits any mention of Tagalog as the basis for Filipino, and states that: as Filipino evolves, it shall be further developed and enriched on the basis of existing Philippine and other languages. And also states in the article: Subject to provisions of law and as the Congress may deem appropriate, the Government shall take steps to initiate and sustain
1638-422: The Filipino writer Francisco Baltazar , author of the Tagalog epic Florante at Laura . In 1954, Proclamation No. 12 of March 26 provided that the week of celebration would be from March 29 to April 4 every year. This proclamation was amended the following year by President Ramon Magsaysay by Proclamation No. 186 of September 23, moving the dates of celebration to August 13–19, every year. Now coinciding with
1701-500: The Institute of National Language (later the Surián ng Wikang Pambansâ or SWP) and tasking it with making a study and survey of each existing native language, hoping to choose which was to be the base for a standardized national language. Later, President Manuel L. Quezon later appointed representatives for each major regional language to form the NLI. Led by Jaime C. De Veyra , who sat as
1764-455: The KBP are composed of the owners and operators of radio and television stations including the radio and television stations themselves. The KBP's Broadcast Code is a set of standards for performance and ethics to be followed by member radio and television stations. The Code is in 3 parts: Part 1 includes the 33 articles of which the standards for programming are illustrated. Part 2 pertains to
1827-480: The Philippines provided that: The National Assembly shall take steps toward the development and adoption of a common national language based on one of the existing native languages. Until otherwise provided by law, English and Spanish shall continue as official languages. On November 13, 1936, the first National Assembly of the Philippine Commonwealth approved Commonwealth Act No. 184; creating
1890-568: The Philippines ) is a broadcast media organization in the Philippines which provides its members broadcasting standards. The KBP was organized on April 27, 1973 in order to promote professional and ethical standards in Philippine broadcasting both in radio and television . The KBP provides broadcast media regulations and guidelines for news, public affairs and commentaries, political broadcasts, children's shows, religious programming, and including advertising to its members. The members of
1953-465: The Philippines. In 2011, the Department of Education declared Signing Exact English the language of deaf education in the Philippines. In 2011, Department of Education officials announced in a forum that hearing-impaired children were being taught and would continue to be taught using Signing Exact English (SEE) instead of Filipino Sign Language (FSL). In 2012, House Bill No. 450 was introduced in
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2016-821: The Spanish settlement in Asia due to the city's commercial wealth and influence, its strategic location, and Spanish fears of raids from the Portuguese and the Dutch. The first dictionary of Tagalog, published as the Vocabulario de la lengua tagala , was written by the Franciscan Pedro de San Buenaventura, and published in 1613 by the "Father of Filipino Printing" Tomás Pinpin in Pila , Laguna . A latter book of
2079-528: The TV programs. Since 1990 the KBP has held the Golden Dove Awards, an annual awards recognition event which pays tribute to broadcast practitioners for their contributions and achievements in the broadcast industry. The judges for each of the categories are from selected media practitioners, advertisers and the academic community. As of the 17th Golden Dove Awards they have been giving away awards for
2142-440: The archipelago. The 1987 Constitution mandates that Filipino be further enriched and developed by the other languages of the Philippines . Filipino, like other Austronesian languages, commonly uses verb-subject-object order, but can also use subject-verb-object order. Filipino follows the trigger system of morphosyntactic alignment that is also common among Austronesian languages. It has head-initial directionality. It
2205-476: The birthday of President Manuel L. Quezon. The reason for the move being given that the original celebration was a period "outside of the school year, thereby precluding the participation of schools in its celebration". In 1988, President Corazon Aquino signed Proclamation No. 19, reaffirming the celebration every August 13 to 19. In 1997, the celebration was extended from a week to a month by Proclamation 1041 of July 15 signed by President Fidel V. Ramos . It
2268-747: The chair of the Institute and as the representative of Samar-Leyte-Visayans , the Institute's members were composed of Santiago A. Fonacier (representing the Ilokano-speaking regions ), Filemon Sotto (the Cebu-Visayans ), Casimiro Perfecto (the Bikolanos ), Felix S. Sales Rodriguez (the Panay-Visayans ), Hadji Butu (the languages of Muslim Filipinos ), and Cecilio Lopez (the Tagalogs ). The Institute of National Language adopted
2331-461: The delegates who were non-Tagalogs were even in favor of scrapping the idea of a "national language" altogether. A compromise was reached and the wording on the 1973 constitution made no mention of dropping the national language Pilipino or made any mention of Tagalog. Instead, the 1973 Constitution , in both its original form and as amended in 1976, designated English and Pilipino as official languages and provided for development and formal adoption of
2394-414: The education of the deaf, are tasked to use and coordinate with each other on the use of FSL as the medium of instruction in deaf education. The law became effective on November 27, 2018 while its implementing rules and regulations was approved in 2021. On June 1, 2024, the coalitions of Philippine Federation of the Deaf and Alliance of Concerned Teachers (ACT) protested at Liwasang Bonifacio against
2457-599: The fall of Cebu. The eventual capital established by Spain for its settlement in the Philippines was Manila , situated in a Tagalog-speaking region, after the capture of Manila from the Muslim Kingdom of Luzon ruled by Raja Matanda with the heir apparent Raja Sulayman and the Hindu-Buddhist Kingdom of Tondo ruled by Lakan Dula . After its fall to the Spaniards, Manila was made the capital of
2520-406: The following categories: As of 2020, the Philippines has a total of 297 television broadcast stations, up from 173 in 1998. There are also 659 FM stations and 383 AM stations ; this comprises regional subsidiaries and smaller entities in provinces and was based on the total number of National Telecommunications Commission (NTC) licenses distributed. Cable television (CATV) remains outside of
2583-419: The implementing rules and regulations of the KBP, while Part 3 outlines the penalties for violations. The 33 articles of Part 1 cover all broadcast media (radio and television) that are members of KBP. These mainly cover how programs such as news and public affairs programs remain just, fair and unbiased in their views and opinions. The Code also states that news sources must be clearly identified, except when
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2646-599: The increasing influence of American Sign Language. The Republic Act 11106 or The Filipino Sign Language Act, effective November 27, 2018, declared FSL as the national sign language of the Filipino Deaf. FSL is believed to be part of the French Sign Language family . It has been strongly influenced by American Sign Language since the establishment in 1907 of the School for the Deaf and Blind (SDB) (now
2709-551: The latest edition being published in 2013 in Manila. Spanish served in an official capacity as language of the government during the Spanish period. Spanish played a significant role in unifying the Philippines, a country made up of over 7,000 islands with a multitude of ethnicities, languages, and cultures. Before Spanish rule, the archipelago was not a unified nation, but rather a collection of independent kingdoms, sultanates, and tribes, each with its own language and customs. During
2772-468: The latter national. This is similar to the comparison between Castilian and Spanish , or Mandarin and Chinese . Political designations aside, Tagalog and Filipino are linguistically the same, sharing, among other things, the same grammatical structure. On May 23, 2007, Ricardo Maria Nolasco, KWF chair and a linguistics expert, acknowledged in a keynote speech during the NAKEM Conference at
2835-408: The lexicon of the country's other languages, something toward which the commission was working. On August 24, 2007, Nolasco elaborated further on the relationship between Tagalog and Filipino in a separate article, as follows: Are "Tagalog," "Pilipino" and "Filipino" different languages? No, they are mutually intelligible varieties, and therefore belong to one language. According to the KWF, Filipino
2898-460: The mandate of RA 7104". ^b Denotes the number (if known) of languages within the family. No further information is given on these languages. Filipino language Filipino ( English: / ˌ f ɪ l ɪ ˈ p iː n oʊ / , FIH-lih-PEE-noh ; Wikang Filipino , [ˈwi.kɐŋ fi.liˈpi.no̞] ) is a language under the Austronesian language family . It
2961-442: The merchants from the states and various cultures in the Philippine archipelago for international communication as part of maritime Southeast Asia. In fact, Filipinos first interacted with the Spaniards using the Malay language. In addition to this, 16th-century chroniclers of the time noted that the kings and lords in the islands usually spoke around five languages. Spanish intrusion into the Philippine islands started in 1565 with
3024-431: The name did not, however, result in universal acceptance among non- Tagalogs , especially Cebuanos who had previously not accepted the 1937 selection. The 1960s saw the rise of the purist movement where new words were being coined to replace loanwords. This era of "purism" by the SWP sparked criticisms by a number of persons. Two counter-movements emerged during this period of "purism": one campaigning against Tagalog and
3087-401: The official name of Tagalog, or even a synonym of it. Today's Filipino language is best described as "Tagalog-based". The language is usually called Tagalog within the Philippines and among Filipinos to differentiate it from other Philippine languages, but it has also come to be known as Filipino to differentiate it from the languages of other countries; the former implies a regional origin,
3150-556: The other campaigning for more inclusiveness in the national language. In 1963, Negros Occidental congressman Innocencio V. Ferrer took a case reaching the Supreme Court questioning the constitutionality of the choice of Tagalog as the basis of the national language (a case ruled in favor of the national language in 1970). Accusing the national language as simply being Tagalog and lacking any substantial input from other Philippine languages, Congressman Geruncio Lacuesta eventually led
3213-926: The peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction. ang Pangkalahatáng Kapulungán ay nagpapahayág ng PANGKALAHATÁNG PAGPAPAHAYÁG NA ITÓ NG MGÁ KARAPATÁN NG TÁO bílang pangkalahatáng pamantáyang maisasagawâ pára sa lahát ng táo at bansâ, sa layúning ang báwat táo at báwat galamáy ng lipúnan, na láging nása ísip ang Pahayág na itó, ay magsíkap sa pamamagítan ng pagtutúrò at edukasyón na maitagúyod ang paggálang sa mgá karapatán at kalayáang itó at sa pamamagítan ng mgá hakbáng na pagsúlong na pambansâ at pandaigdíg, ay makamtán ang pangkalahatán at mabísang pagkilála at pagtalíma sa mgá itó, magíng ng mgá mamamayán ng mgá Kasáping Estádo at ng mgá mamamayán ng mgá teritóryo na nása ilálim ng kaniláng nasasakúpan. Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster ng Pilipinas The Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster ng Pilipinas ( KBP ; English: Broadcasters' Guild of
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#17327807848003276-525: The primary language for education, governance, and law. At present, Spanish was designated an optional and voluntary language under the 1987 Constitution, along with Arabic. While Spanish and English were considered "official languages" during the American colonial period, there existed no "national language" initially. Article XIII, section 3 of the 1935 constitution establishing the Commonwealth of
3339-457: The primary language of instruction. The Bohol Deaf Academy also primarily emphasizes Philippine Sign Language. According to sign language researcher Dr. Lisa Martinez, FSL and ASL deviate across three important metrics: different overall form (especially a differing handshape inventory), different methods of sign formation, and different grammar. Usage of Filipino Sign Language was reported in 2009 as being used by 54% of sign-language users in
3402-501: The same name was written by Czech Jesuit missionary Paul Klein (known locally as Pablo Clain) at the beginning of the 18th century. Klein spoke Tagalog and used it actively in several of his books. He wrote a dictionary, which he later passed to Francisco Jansens and José Hernández. Further compilation of his substantial work was prepared by Juan de Noceda and Pedro de Sanlúcar and published as Vocabulario de la lengua tagala in Manila in 1754 and then repeatedly re-edited, with
3465-398: The same personal pronouns (siya, ako, niya, kanila, etc.); the same demonstrative pronouns (ito, iyan, doon, etc.); the same linkers (na, at and ay); the same particles (na and pa); and the same verbal affixes -in, -an, i- and -um-. In short, same grammar, same language. In connection with the use of Filipino, or specifically the promotion of the national language, the related term Tagalista
3528-636: The same year, Quezon proclaimed Tagalog as the basis of the Wikang Pambansâ (National Language) giving the following factors: On June 7, 1940, the Philippine National Assembly passed Commonwealth Act No. 570 declaring that the Filipino national language would be considered an official language effective July 4, 1946 (coinciding with the country's expected date of independence from the United States). That same year,
3591-497: The sources meet a confidentiality condition. The Code provides correctional measures should a broadcast entity release non-factual information. The standards in the Code pertain to all types of programming and how these should be monitored when showing content that is sexual or violent. The KBP advocates the 18-minute advertising per hour rule for Philippine TV stations, the 18-minute rule was strictly implemented to prevent ads cluttering
3654-522: The stakeholders, to establish a national system of standards and procedures for the interpretation of the Filipino Sign Language. The University of the Philippines System and other education agencies are tasked to develop guidelines for the development of training materials in the education of the Deaf. The law also require the availability of qualified sign language interpreters in all hearings, proceedings, and government transactions involving
3717-518: The use of Filipino as a medium of official communication and as language of instruction in the educational system. and: The regional languages are the auxiliary official languages in the regions and shall serve as auxiliary media of instruction therein. Section 17(d) of Executive Order 117 of January 30, 1987 renamed the Institute of National Language as Institute of Philippine Languages . Republic Act No. 7104, approved on August 14, 1991, created
3780-463: Was reported that three Malolos City regional trial courts in Bulacan decided to use Filipino, instead of English , in order to promote the national language. Twelve stenographers from Branches 6, 80 and 81, as model courts, had undergone training at Marcelo H. del Pilar College of Law of Bulacan State University following a directive from the Supreme Court of the Philippines . De la Rama said it
3843-403: Was signed into law by President Rodrigo Duterte declaring the Filipino Sign Language as the national sign language of the Filipino Deaf. The law also declares the country's national sign language as the official sign language of the government in all transactions involving the deaf. The law, which seeks to eliminate all forms of discrimination against the Filipino Deaf, also mandates the use of
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#17327807848003906-688: Was the assignment of volunteers from the United States Peace Corps , who were stationed at various places in the Philippines from 1974 through 1989, as well as religious organizations that promoted ASL and Manually Coded English . Starting in 1982, the International Deaf Education Association (IDEA), led by former Peace Corps volunteer G. Dennis Drake, established a series of residential elementary programs in Bohol using Philippine Sign Language as
3969-416: Was the dream of Chief Justice Reynato Puno to implement the program in other areas such as Laguna , Cavite , Quezon , Aurora , Nueva Ecija , Batangas , Rizal , and Metro Manila , all of which mentioned are natively Tagalog-speaking. Since 1997, a month-long celebration of the national language occurs during August, known in Filipino as Buwan ng Wika (Language Month). Previously, this lasted only
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