78-649: Filipinas may refer to: Women in the Philippines Filipinas, letra para la marcha nacional , the Spanish poem by José Palma that eventually became the Filipino national anthem . The original Spanish name, and also used in different Philippines languages including Filipino , for the Philippines . The plural of " Filipina ", a female who
156-532: A barangay . Cross-dressing males sometimes took on the role of the female babaylan . The babaylan , also called katalonan , bayoguin , bayok , agi-ngin , asog , bido and binabae depending on the ethnic group of the region, held important positions in the community. They were the spiritual leaders of the Filipino communities, tasked with responsibilities pertaining to rituals, agriculture, science, medicine, literature and other forms of knowledge that
234-435: A marry-your-rapist law (that is, a law that exonerates a rapist from punishment if he marries the victim after the attack). Women in the pre-colonial Philippines enjoyed nearly equal status with men. Prior to colonization, both men and women could get a divorce for the following reasons: failure to meet family obligations, childlessness, and infidelity. Children, regardless of gender, and properties were equally divided in
312-618: A streamlined body. Many flowers are also radially symmetric, or " actinomorphic ". Roughly identical floral structures – petals , sepals , and stamens – occur at regular intervals around the axis of the flower, which is often the female reproductive organ containing the carpel , style and stigma . Three-fold triradial symmetry was present in Trilobozoa from the Late Ediacaran period. Four-fold tetramerism appears in some jellyfish, such as Aurelia marginalis . This
390-663: A "dynasty system" that hinders other Filipino women from joining the electoral process. Other factors that prevent full-engagement of other well-qualified Filipino women from the Philippine political scene are the expense in politics and the importance of the family name. Participation of Filipino women in Philippine politics was encouraged during the Beijing Declaration in 1995 at the United Nations' Fourth World Conference on Women. In February 2005, however,
468-429: A United Nations review on the progress of Philippine women and their role in politics revealed that despite "an increase in the quality of female politicians, there was not enough increase in" the number of women participants in government activities. From 1992 to 2001, Filipino women had been elected as local chief executives, functioning as mayors, governors, and captains of villages. One influential factor contributing to
546-421: A chance to know the man. It is during the courtship period that the man would put his best foot forward to create a good impression on the woman and her family. Generally, the man is being measured on his being a gentleman, ability to respect the woman's family, and servitude (the extent of what he was willing to do to prove his love for the woman). Usually, the woman is courted by several men and will have to choose
624-447: A distinct head and tail) is called cephalization . It is also argued that the development of an AP axis is important in locomotion – bilateral symmetry gives the body an intrinsic direction and allows streamlining to reduce drag . In addition to animals, the flowers of some plants also show bilateral symmetry. Such plants are referred to as zygomorphic and include the orchid ( Orchidaceae ) and pea ( Fabaceae ) families, and most of
702-685: A divorce. Since a man needed to pay a dowry to the woman's family, she was required to give it back should she be found at fault. If the man was at fault, he then lost the right to get back his dowry. In the Philippines, society valued offspring regardless of gender. Female children were as valuable as male ones, mainly because they recognized that women are as important as men. Parents provide equal opportunities to their children. Filipino daughters can also go to school, inherit property, and even become village chiefs like Filipino sons. The Babaylan figure has resurfaced in Filipino diasporic communities as
780-447: A globally developing nation wherein Filipino women struggle for respect. Compared to other parts of Southeast Asia , women in Philippine society have always enjoyed a greater share of equality. Some pre-colonial social structures of the Philippines gave equal importance to maternal and paternal lineage . This bilateral kinship system accorded Philippine women enormous power within a clan . They were entitled to property, engage in
858-538: A number of species of Radiolaria , some of whose skeletons are shaped like various regular polyhedra. Examples include Circoporus octahedrus , Circogonia icosahedra , Lithocubus geometricus and Circorrhegma dodecahedra . The shapes of these creatures should be obvious from their names. Tetrahedral symmetry is not present in Callimitra agnesae . Spherical symmetry is characterised by the ability to draw an endless, or great but finite, number of symmetry axes through
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#1732776523761936-487: A particular direction. This creates a unidirectional flow of signalling molecules causing these signals to accumulate on one side of the embryo and not the other. This results in the activation of different developmental pathways on each side, and subsequent asymmetry. Much of the investigation of the genetic basis of symmetry breaking has been done on chick embryos. In chick embryos the left side expresses genes called NODAL and LEFTY2 that activate PITX2 to signal
1014-489: A sense of dignity and responsibility. The family and the children are the primary priority some Filipino women's life. In addition to doing housework, the contemporary role of a Filipino wife today is to provide financial support in the household by seeking employment in higher-earning occupations which then expands the Filipino female work outside the household. Below are some of the work that women in Manila performed during
1092-416: A top and a bottom surface, or a front and a back. George Cuvier classified animals with radial symmetry in the taxon Radiata ( Zoophytes ), which is now generally accepted to be an assemblage of different animal phyla that do not share a single common ancestor (a polyphyletic group). Most radially symmetric animals are symmetrical about an axis extending from the center of the oral surface, which contains
1170-466: A trade and could exercise their right to divorce her husband. They could also become village chiefs in the absence of a male heir. Before the arrival of the Spaniards, Filipino women could also achieve status as medicine women or high-priestesses and astrologers . In the precolonial era of the Philippines there are numerous women are entitled as a Hara and Dayang , the female presence in
1248-687: Is a citizen of the Philippines or is of Filipino descent. Filipinas (magazine) , a magazine about Filipino-American life Filipinas (film) , a 2003 film by Filipino director Joel Lamangan Compania de Filipinas , flagship of the Philippine Navy Moniker of the Philippines women's national football team , which means "Filipino ladies" See also [ edit ] All pages with titles beginning with Filipinas All pages with titles containing Filipinas Filipino (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
1326-447: Is a severe over-simplification as bacterial cells can be curved, bent, flattened, oblong spheroids and many more shapes. Due to the huge number of bacteria considered to be cocci (coccus if a single cell), it is unlikely that all of these show true spherical symmetry. It is important to distinguish between the generalized use of the word 'spherical' to describe organisms at ease, and the true meaning of spherical symmetry. The same situation
1404-529: Is a taxonomic grouping still used today to represent organisms with embryonic bilateral symmetry. Organisms with radial symmetry show a repeating pattern around a central axis such that they can be separated into several identical pieces when cut through the central point, much like pieces of a pie. Typically, this involves repeating a body part 4, 5, 6 or 8 times around the axis – referred to as tetramerism, pentamerism, hexamerism and octamerism, respectively. Such organisms exhibit no left or right sides but do have
1482-501: Is an anterior – posterior (AP) axis which can be visualised as an imaginary axis running from the head or mouth to the tail or other end of an organism. The second is the dorsal – ventral (DV) axis which runs perpendicular to the AP axis. During development the AP axis is always specified before the DV axis, which is known as the second embryonic axis . The AP axis is essential in defining
1560-722: Is considered "dirty." A recent study revealed that there is a re-emergence of the empowerment of Filipino women through the political process, just as they were prior to the arrival of conquerors from Spain. Philippine women are rediscovering their strengths. Filipino women had been successful in implementing policies by becoming executive staff members, advisers to politicians, and as advocates within non-governmental organizations. Modern-day Filipino women are making strides in electoral politics by initiating more female-oriented programs. They are performing well as leaders, although generally, Filipino women still often earn political seats by having fathers and husbands who are politically connected,
1638-502: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Women in the Philippines Women in the Philippines ( Filipino : Kababaihan sa Pilipinas ) may also be known as Filipinas or Filipino women . Their role includes the context of Filipino culture , standards, and mindsets. The Philippines is described to be a nation of strong women, who directly and indirectly run
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#17327765237611716-544: Is due to the expression of CYCLOIDEA genes. Evidence for the role of the CYCLOIDEA gene family comes from mutations in these genes which cause a reversion to radial symmetry. The CYCLOIDEA genes encode transcription factors , proteins which control the expression of other genes. This allows their expression to influence developmental pathways relating to symmetry. For example, in Antirrhinum majus , CYCLOIDEA
1794-407: Is expressed during early development in the dorsal domain of the flower meristem and continues to be expressed later on in the dorsal petals to control their size and shape. It is believed that the evolution of specialized pollinators may play a part in the transition of radially symmetrical flowers to bilaterally symmetrical flowers. Symmetry is often selected for in the evolution of animals. This
1872-400: Is immediately obvious when looking at the jellyfish due to the presence of four gonads , visible through its translucent body. This radial symmetry is ecologically important in allowing the jellyfish to detect and respond to stimuli (mainly food and danger) from all directions. Flowering plants show five-fold pentamerism, in many of their flowers and fruits. This is easily seen through
1950-430: Is known to be under selection, the evolutionary history of different types of symmetry in animals is an area of extensive debate. Traditionally it has been suggested that bilateral animals evolved from a radial ancestor . Cnidarians , a phylum containing animals with radial symmetry, are the most closely related group to the bilaterians. Cnidarians are one of two groups of early animals considered to have defined structure,
2028-442: Is more common than originally accounted for. Like all the traits of organisms, symmetry (or indeed asymmetry) evolves due to an advantage to the organism – a process of natural selection . This involves changes in the frequency of symmetry-related genes throughout time. Early flowering plants had radially symmetric flowers but since then many plants have evolved bilaterally symmetrical flowers. The evolution of bilateral symmetry
2106-528: Is one class of patterns in nature whereby there is near-repetition of the pattern element, either by reflection or rotation . While sponges and placozoans represent two groups of animals which do not show any symmetry (i.e. are asymmetrical), the body plans of most multicellular organisms exhibit, and are defined by, some form of symmetry. There are only a few types of symmetry which are possible in body plans. These are radial (cylindrical) symmetry, bilateral , biradial and spherical symmetry. While
2184-415: Is seen in the description of viruses – 'spherical' viruses do not necessarily show spherical symmetry, being usually icosahedral. Organisms with bilateral symmetry contain a single plane of symmetry, the sagittal plane , which divides the organism into two roughly mirror image left and right halves – approximate reflectional symmetry. Animals with bilateral symmetry are classified into a large group called
2262-503: Is that an ancestral animal had no symmetry (was asymmetric) before cnidarians and bilaterians separated into different evolutionary lineages . Radial symmetry could have then evolved in cnidarians and bilateral symmetry in bilaterians. Alternatively, the second suggestion is that an ancestor of cnidarians and bilaterians had bilateral symmetry before the cnidarians evolved and became different by having radial symmetry. Both potential explanations are being explored and evidence continues to fuel
2340-427: Is unsurprising since asymmetry is often an indication of unfitness – either defects during development or injuries throughout a lifetime. This is most apparent during mating during which females of some species select males with highly symmetrical features. Additionally, female barn swallows , a species where adults have long tail streamers, prefer to mate with males that have the most symmetrical tails. While symmetry
2418-450: The bilateria , which contains 99% of all animals (comprising over 32 phyla and 1 million described species). All bilaterians have some asymmetrical features; for example, the human heart and liver are positioned asymmetrically despite the body having external bilateral symmetry. The bilateral symmetry of bilaterians is a complex trait which develops due to the expression of many genes . The bilateria have two axes of polarity . The first
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2496-655: The corals and sea anemones (class Anthozoa ), which are divided into two groups based on their symmetry. The most common corals in the subclass Hexacorallia have a hexameric body plan; their polyps have six-fold internal symmetry and a number of tentacles that is a multiple of six. Octamerism is found in corals of the subclass Octocorallia . These have polyps with eight tentacles and octameric radial symmetry. The octopus , however, has bilateral symmetry, despite its eight arms. Icosahedral symmetry occurs in an organism which contains 60 subunits generated by 20 faces, each an equilateral triangle , and 12 corners. Within
2574-402: The icosahedron there is 2-fold, 3-fold and 5-fold symmetry . Many viruses, including canine parvovirus , show this form of symmetry due to the presence of an icosahedral viral shell . Such symmetry has evolved because it allows the viral particle to be built up of repetitive subunits consisting of a limited number of structural proteins (encoded by viral genes ), thereby saving space in
2652-490: The 15th Congress (2010 national election). They accounted for 21.6 percent of the total 222 Representatives as members of the Lower House. In 2010 Senatorial election, there were 14 women who ran out of 61 candidates (23.0%), of which two entered the top 12 winning senators (16.7%). The number of women who engage in politics are smaller compare to their male counterparts. This was primarily because engagement in politics
2730-582: The 19th century: Aguadoras or women water carriers were responsible for transporting large clay jars filled with water from distant and cleaner sources such as the Marikina River . This was because Manila's rivers had no potable water, and the supply from the Carriedo Waterworks, which was Manila's first water system and only created in 1882, was limited. These women had to travel to nearby towns to fetch water, which they brought back to
2808-642: The Employment of Women and Children in Agricultural and Non-Agricultural Establishments and Other Workplaces” was passed to oversee the welfare of women and children. In 1960, under the Department of Labor, the Bureau of Women and Minors was created and was responsible for the promotion, development, and the protection of the welfare of working women and minors. Since then, more acts were made to oversee
2886-513: The Noble caste are prominent in the kinship system in the Philippine societies , here are the examples of notable Queens in the Philippine history: The babaylan held positions of authority as religious leaders, community doctors and healers in some pre-colonial Philippine societies. The vital functions of the babaylan were highly recognized and embodied in the traditional role of women in
2964-816: The United States of America. The U.S.A. introduced a new public education system which retained opportunity to every child regardless of gender. Through the American-patterned school system, Filipino women became professionals, although most of them and their male counterparts opted for making use of their former education roots and expressed themselves in Spanish or Tagalog. According to the Monroe Commission on Philippine Education: “Upon leaving school, more than 99% of Filipinos will not speak English in their homes. Possibly, only 10% to 15% of
3042-434: The anatomical asymmetry which we observe. These levels include asymmetric gene expression, protein expression, and activity of cells. For example, left–right asymmetry in mammals has been investigated extensively in the embryos of mice. Such studies have led to support for the nodal flow hypothesis. In a region of the embryo referred to as the node there are small hair-like structures ( monocilia ) that all rotate together in
3120-403: The arrangement of five carpels (seed pockets) in an apple when cut transversely . Among animals, only the echinoderms such as sea stars , sea urchins , and sea lilies are pentamerous as adults, with five arms arranged around the mouth. Being bilaterian animals, however, they initially develop with mirror symmetry as larvae, then gain pentaradial symmetry later. Hexamerism is found in
3198-402: The best from among her suitors. Courtship and relationships remain the same for rural and urban areas despite the modern western influence. The Philippines and Vatican City are the only countries in the world to prohibit divorce (the Philippines allows divorce for Muslims). The Philippines is one of the few non-Muslim majority countries to maintain a criminal law against adultery ; and
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3276-567: The body. This means that spherical symmetry occurs in an organism if it is able to be cut into two identical halves through any cut that runs through the organism's center. True spherical symmetry is not found in animal body plans. Organisms which show approximate spherical symmetry include the freshwater green alga Volvox . Bacteria are often referred to as having a 'spherical' shape. Bacteria are categorized based on their shapes into three classes: cocci (spherical-shaped), bacillus (rod-shaped) and spirochetes (spiral-shaped) cells. In reality, this
3354-412: The city in water-filled jars, for family consumption or sold for profit. Betel nut chewing played a significant role in Philippine society in the past. Besides being beneficial for health, chewing betel leaf was a popular hobby among Filipinos.The high demand for betel leaves and betel nuts led to the emergence of buyeras. They wrapped betel nut and lime in betel leaves, and sold their goods along
3432-435: The classification of viruses as an "organism" remains controversial, viruses also contain icosahedral symmetry . The importance of symmetry is illustrated by the fact that groups of animals have traditionally been defined by this feature in taxonomic groupings. The Radiata , animals with radial symmetry, formed one of the four branches of Georges Cuvier 's classification of the animal kingdom . Meanwhile, Bilateria
3510-404: The community needed. In a barangay , the babaylan worked alongside the datu on important social activities. In the absence of a datu , the babaylan could take charge of the whole community. The role of the babaylan was mostly associated to females, but male babaylans also existed. Early historical accounts record the existence of male babaylans who wore female clothes and took
3588-462: The concept of gender equality existed in the Philippines during the pre-Hispanic era this changed when the Spaniards came and patterned the image of the Filipina to a meek and submissive individual. As it happened all over Asia, women in the Philippines were expected to become caring and nurturing mothers for their own children and take care of most household chores. Also a trait found all over Asia
3666-458: The debate. Although asymmetry is typically associated with being unfit, some species have evolved to be asymmetrical as an important adaptation . Many members of the phylum Porifera (sponges) have no symmetry, though some are radially symmetric. The presence of these asymmetrical features requires a process of symmetry breaking during development, both in plants and animals. Symmetry breaking occurs at several different levels in order to generate
3744-399: The demeanor of a woman. Anatomy was not the only basis for gender. Gender was based primarily on occupation, appearance, actions and sexuality. Although Christian values were supposed to be spread through the population, missionaries and priests soon realized that they'd be better off adapting their doctrine as much as possible to the local customs, rather than trying to impose it. Although
3822-470: The development of left side structures. Whereas, the right side does not express PITX2 and consequently develops right side structures. A more complete pathway is shown in the image at the side of the page. For more information about symmetry breaking in animals please refer to the left–right asymmetry page. Plants also show asymmetry. For example the direction of helical growth in Arabidopsis ,
3900-828: The dreamy, sleepy type that characterizes the Mongolian. The nose should be of the blunt form but firm and strongly marked. ... So the ideal Filipino beauty should not necessarily be white complexioned, nor of the dark brown color of the typical Malayan, but of the clear skin or fresh colored type which we often witness when we met a blushing girl ." Compared to other countries, Filipino women have gained and enjoyed equal rights with men. They have become presidents, senators, congresswomen, mayors. They have served in government offices, and have held cabinet positions for presidents. Filipino women have proven that they are capable of carrying out responsibilities and tasks as well as their male counterparts. There are 48 women Representatives elected in
3978-463: The establishment and for the building of at least two free primary schools, one for the boys and another school for the girls, in each town under the responsibility of the municipal government. This decree, however, was not followed by many local governments due to the lasting patriarchal culture that Spain espoused. When Spain lost the Spanish–American War in 1898, the Philippines was ceded to
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#17327765237614056-496: The evolution of bilateral symmetry from a radially symmetric ancestor. The animal group with the most obvious biradial symmetry is the ctenophores . In ctenophores the two planes of symmetry are (1) the plane of the tentacles and (2) the plane of the pharynx. In addition to this group, evidence for biradial symmetry has even been found in the 'perfectly radial' freshwater polyp Hydra (a cnidarian). Biradial symmetry, especially when considering both internal and external features,
4134-437: The family unit, businesses, and government agencies. Although they generally define themselves in the milieu of a male-dominated post-colonial society, Filipino women live in a culture that is focused on the community, with the family as the main unit of society, but not always according to this stereotype. It is in this framework of Philippine hierarchical structure, class differences, religious justifications, and living in
4212-580: The farm. The husband is the one who makes sure the farm would yield quality crops, so he does all the maintenance work. In some cases, where the husband needs help from other men, the wife would make sure that the men are fed, so she cooks food and bring it to the farm. The Filipino women, ensures that everyone is well fed, including any workers, relatives, or visitors. In general, Filipino women find pride in their work. They do not find themselves alienated from their chores because they work with, around, and for their families. This family-oriented mindset gives them
4290-447: The figwort family ( Scrophulariaceae ). The leaves of plants also commonly show approximate bilateral symmetry. Biradial symmetry is found in organisms which show morphological features (internal or external) of both bilateral and radial symmetry. Unlike radially symmetrical organisms which can be divided equally along many planes, biradial organisms can only be cut equally along two planes. This could represent an intermediate stage in
4368-503: The housewife in particular. This is especially if the housewife, who is often referred to as the Ilaw ng Tahanan (Light of the Home), is convinced of the benefits that will be gained from a certain practice such as the concept of family planning in the barrios. Flavier also mentioned that "In the Philippine barrio , the one responsible for the home" and its management "is the wife... she holds
4446-722: The increasing number of female politicians, is the elevation of Corazon Aquino and Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo as Philippine women Presidents. The women's movement organized in the early 20th-century in organizations such as the Asociacion Feminista Filipina (1904) the Society for the Advancement of Women (SAW) and the Asociaction Feminist Ilonga , who campaigned for women's suffrage and other rights for gender equality. Some of
4524-402: The indigenous Filipino concept is borrowed as a tool for decolonization practices and post-colonial discourse today. The Babaylan tradition and Babaylan-inspired practices are seen as an indigenous spiritual path among Filipinos in the Philippines and in the diaspora as a means to remembering relations to their homeland and healing. Female genital mutilation is performed in the Philippines in
4602-484: The key to... household... development." Courtship and relationships in the Philippines are conservative in nature. The man will have to court the woman and prove his love for her before he can win her heart. Sometimes the courtship period would last for years. This however, is a very old fashioned idea. In the bigger more urbanized cities, this conservative courtship idea is not so emphasized as much. Parents prefer their daughter to be courted in their home, so they can have
4680-422: The law differentiates between female infidelity (Article 333 called Adultery ) and male infidelity (Article 334 called Concubinage , which has a more narrow definition and is punished less severely). Furthermore, Article 247 called Death or physical injuries inflicted under exceptional circumstances , provides that the killing of a spouse and/or of the partner of the spouse caught in the act of extramarital sex by
4758-608: The most commonly studied model plant, shows left-handedness. Interestingly, the genes involved in this asymmetry are similar (closely related) to those in animal asymmetry – both LEFTY1 and LEFTY2 play a role. In the same way as animals, symmetry breaking in plants can occur at a molecular (genes/proteins), subcellular, cellular, tissue and organ level. Fluctuating asymmetry (FA), is a form of biological asymmetry , along with anti-symmetry and direction asymmetry. Fluctuating asymmetry refers to small, random deviations away from perfect bilateral symmetry. This deviation from perfection
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#17327765237614836-571: The mouth, to the center of the opposite (aboral) end. Animals in the phyla Cnidaria and Echinodermata generally show radial symmetry, although many sea anemones and some corals within the Cnidaria have bilateral symmetry defined by a single structure, the siphonoglyph . Radial symmetry is especially suitable for sessile animals such as the sea anemone, floating animals such as jellyfish , and slow moving organisms such as starfish ; whereas bilateral symmetry favours locomotion by generating
4914-514: The next generation will be able to use this language in their occupations. In fact, it will only be the government employees, and the professionals, who might make use of English.” Modern-day Philippine women play a decisive role in Filipino families. They usually handle the money, act as religious mentors, and can also make all the important family decisions. In the past, firms and businesses generally hire Filipino women for less pay and secretarial functions. But at present, Filipino women are given
4992-484: The other spouse, as well as the killing of a daughter caught by the parent in the act of premarital sex, are to be punished only by the symbolic punishment of destierro (banishment from a geographical area for a period of time). These laws are based on old Spanish laws that were repealed in Spain in 1963 (the " crime of passion " law) and in 1978 (the adultery law). The Philippine is also one of 20 countries that still has
5070-563: The pavements. Milk Seller Lecheras or women milk sellers played a crucial role in a time when refrigerators were not yet available. They roamed on streets, and had to balance a small jar of milk on their head and carry a bottle for transferring milk. Tobacco was as a major cash crop in the Philippines, leading to the establishment of factories. Cigarreras or women cigarette makers were predominantly employed in these factories. Their tasks involved preparing and wrapping tobacco leaves, cutting tobacco ends, counting production, and arranging
5148-475: The polarity of bilateria and allowing the development of a front and back to give the organism direction. The front end encounters the environment before the rest of the body so sensory organs such as eyes tend to be clustered there. This is also the site where a mouth develops since it is the first part of the body to encounter food. Therefore, a distinct head, with sense organs connected to a central nervous system, tends to develop. This pattern of development (with
5226-444: The predominately Muslim Bangsamoro region in the south of the country. - Traditionally, rural and tribal women do all the household related chores. Heavy work that requires more strength is done by the husband. Now, the chore work is evenly distributed with the men doing just as much work as the women . The scope of their functions include cooking, cleaning, teaching the children, washing clothes, repairs, budgeting, and helping in
5304-458: The prominent Filipino women writers are: Bilateral symmetry Symmetry in biology refers to the symmetry observed in organisms , including plants, animals, fungi , and bacteria . External symmetry can be easily seen by just looking at an organism. For example, the face of a human being has a plane of symmetry down its centre, or a pine cone displays a clear symmetrical spiral pattern. Internal features can also show symmetry, for example
5382-426: The same opportunities as their male counterparts in the business realm. This is due to the political and economic changes at the global and national levels in urban society that have led to the growth of export-based industries and the service sector, which then created more opportunities for Filipino women. About one-third of businesses in the Philippines are operated by Filipino women. Many Filipino businesswomen in
5460-415: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Filipinas . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Filipinas&oldid=1141928815 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
5538-418: The second being the ctenophores . Ctenophores show biradial symmetry leading to the suggestion that they represent an intermediate step in the evolution of bilateral symmetry from radial symmetry. Interpretations based only on morphology are not sufficient to explain the evolution of symmetry. Two different explanations are proposed for the different symmetries in cnidarians and bilateria. The first suggestion
5616-502: The tobacco in boxes. In the early 1900s, the female workforce in the Philippines was also a highly debated topic during workers’ conferences. In 1910, during the first Congress of Labor, the decision to enact a law that would regulate the employment of women and children was approved due to poor working conditions (“dark and ill-ventilated rooms, smoke-filled factories”, etc.) for women and children. Then, in March 1923, “An Act to Regulate
5694-485: The tubes in the human body (responsible for transporting gases , nutrients , and waste products) which are cylindrical and have several planes of symmetry. Biological symmetry can be thought of as a balanced distribution of duplicate body parts or shapes within the body of an organism. Importantly, unlike in mathematics, symmetry in biology is always approximate. For example, plant leaves – while considered symmetrical – rarely match up exactly when folded in half. Symmetry
5772-451: The urban sector can be found in the hospitality sector, marketing, publishing, real estate, transportation, financial consulting, trade and services, electronics and appliances, and much more. In rural areas, the Filipino woman runs the household even if she should have a job. The children approach her for money and help. She is the family's treasurer. She supports the children’s educational needs. For non-family members who require support,
5850-494: The viral genome . The icosahedral symmetry can still be maintained with more than 60 subunits, but only in multiples of 60. For example, the T=3 Tomato bushy stunt virus has 60x3 protein subunits (180 copies of the same structural protein). Although these viruses are often referred to as 'spherical', they do not show true mathematical spherical symmetry. In the early 20th century, Ernst Haeckel described (Haeckel, 1904)
5928-525: The welfare of women workers, as seen in both the 1935 and 1973 constitutions. In his paintings of Filipino women, the Philippine National Artist Fernando Amorsolo rejected Western ideals of beauty in favor of Filipino ideals. He said that the women he painted have " a rounded face, not of the oval type often presented to us in newspapers and magazine illustrations. The eyes should be exceptionally lively, not
6006-492: The wife is the person to be approached. However, the wife is neither the person who makes the final decision or the person who hands out the money. Juan Flavier , a physician, an authority on community development, and a former Philippine senator , described in his book, Doctor to the Barrios , that "whether some (Filipino) men are willing to admit it or not"... "rural women in the Philippines wield considerable authority,"
6084-533: Was the preference of most families to have male children instead of females. During the last part of the colonization of the Philippines, Isabella II of Spain , introduced the Education Decree of 1863 (10 years before Japan had a compulsory free modern public education and 40 years before the United States government started a free modern public school system in the Philippines) that provided for
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