Military districts (also called military regions ) are formations of a state's armed forces (often of the Army) which are responsible for a certain area of territory. They are often more responsible for administrative than operational matters, and in countries with conscript forces, often handle parts of the conscription cycle.
50-667: The First Military District of the U.S. Army was one of five temporary administrative units of the U.S. War Department that existed in the American South . The district was stipulated by the Reconstruction Acts during the Reconstruction period following the American Civil War. It only included Virginia , and was the smallest of the five military districts in terms of size. The district
100-510: A convention in Richmond, Virginia . Raleigh T. Daniel , the party's first chairman and a former Whig, led the organization of the party throughout the state. Alexander H. H. Stuart would later lead the Committee of Nine to negotiate a compromise with President Ulysses S. Grant and leading members of Congress. The compromise called for a separate vote on former Confederate disfranchisement at
150-732: A regular flow of trained recruits and supplies to the Field Army. The method they adopted was to separate the Field Army ( Oberbefehlshaber des Heeres ) from the Home Command ( Heimatkriegsgebiet ) and to entrust the responsibilities of training, conscription, supply and equipment to that command. The Commander of the Infantry Corps with the identical number also commanded the Wehrkreis in peacetime, but command of
200-822: A similar fashion to Russian military districts. The Kazakh Ground Forces are divided into four regional commands: Initially, right after the First World War , Poland had five military districts (1918–1921): In 1921, due to reorganization, the military districts were replaced with Dowództwo Okręgu Korpusu ( DOK – Corps District Command). In the Second Polish Republic there were ten DOKs: Each DOK consisted of four large units (three infantry divisions and one cavalry brigade). For district arrangements after World War II see Polish Land Forces . The Kraków Military District disbanded in 1953. From 1999 Poland has been divided into two military districts,
250-574: A similar model, with organizations such as the United States Naval Districts . A number of navies in South America used naval districts at various points in time. Algeria is divided into six numbered military regions, each with headquarters located in a principal city or town (see People's National Army (Algeria)#Military regions ). This system of territorial organization, adopted shortly after independence, grew out of
300-492: A territorial military division (TMD). On the defence side, these military divisions have been grouped into military regions. Their number varied depending on the period. The current number is six. The Défense opérationnelle du territoire supervised reserve and home defence activities from 1959 to the 1970s. However, by the 1980s the number had been reduced to six: the 1st Military Region (France) with its headquarters in Paris,
350-743: Is commanded by a Major General and has full authority to commence operations with the force under his jurisdiction. The commander (known as Panglima Kodam abbreviated Pangdam ) reports to the Chief of Army Staff (KSAD) and is responsible for territorial defence during times of war and development and supervision during times of peace. He is also responsible for ensuring security and protection for VVIP visiting his territory, e.g Presidential visits, etc. A Regional Command ( Kazakh : Аймақтық қолбасшылық , Aımaqtyq qolbasshylyq ; Russian : Региональная команда , Regional'naya komanda ) in Kazakhstan operates in
400-656: Is currently in use in Russian Federation . Such territorial division provided convenient management of army units, their training and other activities regarding the country's readiness to defend itself. In the USSR, the military districts continued to perform the same role they had done in the Russian Empire, with first six military districts ( Yaroslavsky , Moskovsky , Orlovsky , Belomorsky , Uralsky , and Privolzhsky ) were formed on 31 March 1918 during
450-417: The 2nd Military Region (France) at Lille , the 3rd Military Region (France) at Rennes , the 4th Military Region (France) at Bordeaux , the 5th at Lyons and 6th at Metz. Each supervised up to five division militaire territoriale – military administrative sub-divisions, in 1984 sometimes supervising up to three reserve regiments each. In the twenty-first century, under the latest thorough reform of
500-589: The Defence Act of 2000 the military districts were replaced by new military districts ( Swedish : Militärdistrikt , usually abbreviated to MD ). The new military districts corresponded geographically to the former military districts, however, they did not have the same territorial and operational tasks. In 2005, the military districts were replaced to some extent by four Security and Cooperation Sections ( Swedish : Säkerhets- och samverkanssektioner ). British Army regional districts have evolved slowly over
550-635: The Democratic Party , Stoneman pursued more moderate policies than the other Military Governors, which garnered him support among white Virginians. Major General Edward Canby was assigned to the First Military District in April 1869, serving until September 1870. This assignment put Canby at the center of conflicts between Republicans and Democrats, whites and blacks, and state and federal governments. His role as Military Governor
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#1732772558714600-636: The Pomeranian Military District and the Silesian Military District , both were disbanded by the end of 2011. The Russian Empire's military district ( Russian : вое́нный о́круг , voyenny okrug ) was a territorial association of military units , formations , military schools , and various local military establishments. This territorial division type was utilized in Imperial Russia , USSR and
650-647: The Russian Civil War . This increased to 17 military districts of the USSR at the beginning of July 1940 shortly before the USSR was invaded by Germany and entered the Second World War , and were used to create combat Fronts after commencement of the German invasion of the USSR . During the war the districts were further divided into geographic regions for logistic reasons, these being: After
700-538: The Virginia state legislature met in Richmond on July 1, 1870 to reorganize the party and submit their recommendations to the Legislatures with respect to congressional redistricting . A popular bill that would increase the amount of revenue available to public schools was introduced and passed by the assembly in 1878, but was vetoed by Governor Frederick W. M. Holliday . The Readjusters would break away from
750-596: The Wehrkreis passed to his second-in command at the outbreak of war. In peacetime, the Wehrkreis was the home to the Infantry Corps of the same number and all subordinate units of that Corps. Until 2013 the German Armed Forces ( Bundeswehr ) had four military districts – Wehrbereichskommando (WBK) as part of the Streitkräftebasis or Joint Service Support Command. Each WBK controlled several Landeskommandos ( State Commands) due to
800-767: The federal structure of Germany who have taken over functions carried out by the Verteidigungsbezirkskommandos (VBKs) or Military Region Commands (Defence District Commands) as. These command authorities are in charge of all military facilities . Now the Landeskommmandos are led by the National Territorial Command called Kommando Territoriale Aufgaben der Bundeswehr (KdoTerrAufgBw). The Indonesian Army operates with military districts, known as Komando Daerah Militer (Military Region Command) abbreviated Kodam . It
850-528: The 14th and 15th Amendments were ratified shortly after. Virginia was readmitted into the union in January 1870, thus ending Reconstruction in the state and Canby's tenure. The period of military government in Virginia preserved for African Americans some of their hard-won guarantees of citizenship. However, the degradation of these rights occurred shortly after the end of military rule. With its readmission to
900-537: The 9th (Marseille), and the 10th in Algeria. The 10th Military Region (France) supervised French Algeria during the Algerian War . With the evolution of administrative organization, France was divided into regional administrative districts (circa 1963) (administrative region dependent of a prefect of the region). The military organisation then combined the administrative organization and in each CAR corresponded
950-636: The Conservative party and formed their own party and the remaining Conservative Funders lost their majorities in both houses in the same year to the Readjusters. The Readjusters would later win the governorship in 1881 causing the few Conservative bills passed by the assembly to be vetoed by William E. Cameron . In 1883 the party and most of its members merged with the Democratic party. In 1876, former Virginia Governor Henry A. Wise denounced
1000-522: The Conservatives. In 1869 the Conservative party used its majorities in the assembly to create a free public school system as required by the new state constitution and the next year would segregate all schools in Virginia. Later the assembly voted to sell most of the state's stock in railroad companies, but the low prices that investors paid created suspicions of corruption, and the state treasury received less money than anticipated and voted to pay
1050-964: The French security and defence sector, there are seven Zone de défense et de sécurité [ fr ] each with a territorial ground army region: Paris (or Île-de-France, HQ in Paris), Nord (HQ in Lille), Ouest (HQ in Rennes), Sud-Ouest (HQ in Bordeaux), Sud (HQ in Marseille), Sud-Est (HQ in Lyon), Est (HQ in Strasbourg). Before and during World War II , Germany used the system of military districts ( German : Wehrkreis ) to relieve field commanders of as much administrative work as possible and to provide
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#17327725587141100-606: The General Assembly, or in city or county government offices. However, the Constitutional right for African Americans to vote was firmly established under military rule, which lead to the election of more than twenty African Americans to Virginia's General Assembly between 1870 and 1875. While many of these African American political leaders following the end of military rule were somewhat wealthier and had more education than other African Americans, they faced many of
1150-642: The Rebel States. This act, passed on March 2, 1867, divided the former Confederate States (except for Tennessee , after it ratified the 14th Amendment ) into five separate military districts. The Reconstruction Acts required that each former Confederate state hold a Constitutional Convention, adopt a new State Constitution, and ratify the 14th Amendment before rejoining the Union. The act designated Virginia as The First Military District (also referred to as Military District No. 1). Each of these districts fell under
1200-551: The UK reporting to Commander Regional Forces . Scotland District was absorbed by 2nd Division in 2000. The divisions were responsible for training subordinate formations and units under their command for operations in the UK, such as Military Aid to the Civil Community , as well as training units for overseas deployments. 2nd, 4th and 5th Divisions were replaced by Support Command on 1 November 2011. The military department
1250-724: The Union in January 1870, which officially ended Reconstruction in Virginia. President Johnson first appointed General John Schofield as the first military governor of the district. Schofield commanded the Federal Army of the Ohio and had served with General Sherman during the last year of the war. Schofield sympathized with Virginia's social and economic leaders and was skeptical of radical proposals to allow African Americans, most of whom had little or no education, to vote or participate in politics. However, he duly issued orders to register eligible white and black men and make certain that
1300-487: The Union, the district commanders relinquished their powers under the Reconstruction Acts to the civil authorities within their commands. Therefore, Conservative Party candidates regained dominance over state legislature, and returned Virginia to control of prewar leaders. During the time after military rule, African Americans merely gained minority status in the constitutional convention, in either house of
1350-500: The black people" on a national level. The movement was also closely tied to the "New Departure" movement of Virginia statesman William Mahone . The Conservative Party's efforts ultimately divided the Republican Party in the state and caused its political power in Virginia to diminish. From December 11–12, 1867 a group of former Democrats, former Whigs, and moderate Republicans, led by Alexander Hugh Holmes Stuart held
1400-547: The civil rights of newly freed African Americans. For Republicans these rights, which would allow the antebellum ideology of abolition to translate to real freedom, were critical. In response, Congressional Republicans passed a multitude of bills furthering strict Reconstruction policies known as the Reconstruction Acts , the most important of which being the Act to Provide for the More Efficient Government of
1450-561: The command of former Union Army general officers to supervise the replacement of undesirable former Confederate officials and use military force to guarantee the safety of liberated African Americans and maintain peace. However, it soon became apparent that the appointed army commanders could only act as peacekeepers until the president unveiled a proper Reconstruction policy. The military governors supervising Military District No. 1 were Major General Schofield, Major General Stoneman, and finally Brigadier General Canby until Virginia rejoined
1500-642: The command of the Central Military Commission . In February 2016, the 7 military regions were changed to 5 theater commands: Under the Third Republic , a military region comprised several departments which supported an army corps . For many years up to 21 military regions were active. On 24 July 1873, the French Parliament passed a law which created 18 military regions in metropolitan France . A 19th Army Corps
1550-938: The command of the district headquarters , headed by the district commander , and is subordinated to the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation . (Previously under Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces General Nikolai Kormiltsev , the military districts reported to the General Staff via the Russian Ground Forces staff.) It is a territorial association of military units , formations , military schools , and various local military establishments. This territorial division type
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1600-549: The election was properly conducted. Under his command, African American men participated willingly in Virginia's General Assembly election in 1867. After Schofield became secretary of war under Johnson early in June 1868, his deputy commander in Virginia, George Stoneman , succeeded him. Unlike his predecessor, Stoneman pushed back against the Reconstruction efforts enacted by Congressional Republicans. Aligning himself with
1650-561: The large public debt left over from the pre–Civil War years by issuing new bonds with thirty-four-year maturity and six percent annual interest. The Funding Act of 1871 was widely unpopular and created two factions in the party, the Funders and the Readjusters , who would later create their own party, over the debate on whether or not paying the debt was more important than supporting the public schools. A group of conservative members of
1700-956: The largest formations of the National Revolutionary Army , under the Military Affairs Commission , chaired by Chiang Kai-shek during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II . During the Second Sino-Japanese War the National Revolutionary Army eventually organized itself into twelve Military Regions. The military regions (originally eleven, then seven) of the People's Liberation Army were divided into military districts (usually contiguous with provinces) and military sub-districts, under
1750-448: The minor districts to be amalgamated were North West District , Western District , and Wales, to form a new Western District.' HQ Northern Ireland remained separate and reported to Headquarters United Kingdom Land Forces only on non-operational matters. From 1995, UK commands and later districts were replaced by regenerative divisions. 2nd Division , 4th Division , 5th Division and London District acted as regional commands within
1800-502: The previous 150 years or so. For many years there were regional commands in the UK, including Aldershot Command (from 1880), Eastern Command , Northern Command , Scottish Command , Southern Command and Western Command (from 1905). By 1985 these were superseded by districts, and until the spring of 1991 there were nine of them. Antony Beevor wrote in his revised edition of Inside the British Army in 1991 that '..the first of
1850-568: The region, the regional naval command, the regional air defence sector as well as the lower regional level subdivision defence districts that made up the military district. The commander answered directly to the Supreme Commander . The military districts in the modern form were created in 1966, and each district was named according to the geographical area they covered. Several changes were made, such as creating or merging districts, until all military districts were disbanded in 2000. After
1900-470: The same difficulties and obstacles as the men who were born into slavery. They worked in jobs similar to other freedmen, such as mechanics, farmers, and ministers. However, these first African American political leaders in Virginia used the guarantee of suffrage in the 15th Amendment to their full advantage and paved the path for future leaders and further struggles for equal rights to follow in their footsteps. Military district Navies have also used
1950-592: The time of the referendum. The party won majorities in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly in the 1869 elections and endorsed many moderate Republicans who had run against Radical Republicans . However, despite their opposition to the radical Republicans the party was divided on the issue of black suffrage although most were in agreement on economic issues. Despite the party's divided opinion on black suffrage thirty blacks were elected to assembly and many of them had their views in line with
2000-478: The war, the number was increased to 33 to aid in demobilisation of forces, but by October 1946, they had been reduced to 21. By the end of the 1980s, immediately before the dissolution of the Soviet Union, there were sixteen military districts, within three to five main strategic Theatre groupings. Military districts ( Russian : вое́нный о́круг , voyenny okrug ) in the Russian Federation operates under
2050-945: The wartime wilaya structure and the postwar necessity of subduing antigovernment insurgencies that were based in the various regions. Regional commanders control and administer bases, logistics, and housing, as well as conscript training. Commanders of army divisions and brigades, air force installations, and naval forces report directly to the Ministry of National Defence and service chiefs of staff on operational matters. Previously Algeria had formed France's tenth military region. Military region commanders in 2003 included Brahim Fodel Chérif ( 1st Military Region ), Kamel Abderrahmane ( 2nd Military Region , Abcène Tafer ( 3rd Military Region ), Abdelmadjid Sahed ( 4th Military Region , Chérif Abderrazak ( 5th Military Region ) and Ali Benali (6th Military Region). There were 76 northern military districts or military regions (軍區), or war areas , which were
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2100-476: Was a United States political party in the state of Virginia during the second half of 19th century. It centered on opposition to Reconstruction . During its history, the party was successful in electing six congressmen to the U.S. House of Representatives , all during the 41st Congress . The party was related to similar conservative movements in other states, combining Liberal Republicans and repentant Democrats looking to improve their image as "friends of
2150-592: Was a military and administrative command of the US Army. Present day US military organization is structured around Unified Combatant Commands , which encompass different geographical areas and responsibilities. Military districts ( Uzbek : Harbiy okruglar ) of the Armed Forces of Uzbekistan are under the jurisdiction of the defense ministry of the republic . In May 2001, the Tashkent Garrison
2200-511: Was concluded after Virginia ratified the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution. It was under Canby's term that a committee of nine leading Conservative politicians, under the chairmanship of Alexander H. H. Stuart , negotiated a compromise allowing voters to ratify the new state constitution. Once moderate Republicans and Conservatives dominated the Virginian General Assembly after its election in 1869,
2250-487: Was created by General Soedirman as a system initially called "Wehrkreise", adapted from the German system during World War II . The system was later ratified in "Surat Perintah Siasat No.1" (No.1 Strategy Command Letter), signed in November 1948. The Military regional commands function as a means of circle of defense, or regional defense, to defend the designated islands/provinces under Indonesian territory. Each Kodam
2300-672: Was created in Algeria in September 1873 (see Région militaire ). In 1905, the strength of the Troupes coloniales stationed in the 19 military districts of metropolitan France was reported at 2,123 officers and 26,581 other ranks. In 1946, following the Second World War ten military regions were created or recreated, in accordance with a decree of 18 February 1946. They included the 1st (Paris); 2e (Lille); 3e (Rennes); 4e (Bordeaux); 5e (Toulouse); 6e (Metz); 7e (Dijon); 8th (Lyon);
2350-637: Was historically adopted, originally by Imperial Russia, to provide a more efficient management of army units, their training and other operations activities related to combat readiness . From 1992 to 2010, the Armed Forces maintained a diminishing number of former Soviet Armed Forces districts – Leningrad Military District , Moscow Military District , Volga-Urals Military District , North Caucasus Military District , Siberian Military District , Far East Military District . In 2009–2010, these districts were reorganised into 4 Military Districts comprising regional Joint Strategic Commands. In 2014 Northern Fleet
2400-609: Was reorganized into separate Joint Strategic Command. The military district ( Swedish : Militärområde , usually abbreviated to Milo ) was an administrative division of the Swedish Armed Forces , and was a higher regional level subdivision. The commander of a military district, the Militärområdesbefälhavare (also militärbefälhavare ), commanded the Swedish Army divisions stationed in
2450-494: Was successively commanded by Brigadier General John Schofield (1867–1868), Colonel George Stoneman (1868–1869) and Brigadier General Edward Canby (1869–1870). In March 1867, Radical Republicans in Congress became frustrated with President Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction policies, which, they believed, allowed too many former Confederate officials to hold public office in the South. Politically empowered Democratic Party politicians who were former Confederates would obstruct
2500-536: Was transformed into the Tashkent Military District. The following are a list of military districts in Uzbekistan: The replenishment of the ranks of divisions and units in wartime is done by order of the commanders of military districts. Vietnam People's Army has 8 Military Regions : The Army of the Republic of Vietnam originally had four corps , for example I Corps (South Vietnam) . Later they were redesignated Military Regions 1–4. Conservative Party (Virginia, 1867) The Conservative Party of Virginia
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