Fischerinsel ( German: [ˈfɪʃɐˌʔɪnzl̩] , Fisher Island ) is the southern part of the island in the River Spree which was formerly the location of the city of Cölln and is now part of central Berlin . The northern part of the island is known as Museum Island . Fischerinsel is normally said to extend south from Gertraudenstraße and is named for a fishermen's settlement which formerly occupied the southern end of the island. Until the mid-twentieth century it was a well preserved pre-industrial neighbourhood, and most of the buildings survived World War II, but in the 1960s and 1970s under the German Democratic Republic it was levelled and replaced with a development of residential tower blocks.
34-498: The original settlement of fishermen and other boatmen and their families was part of Cölln from 1237 on. The neighbourhood, which occupies approximately 8 hectares (20 acres; 0.031 sq mi) had many relatively well to do inhabitants, but during the 17th century it became a crowded neighbourhood of poor people and came to be known as the Fischerkiez (fishing village). In 1709, Cölln united with Berlin, whose old centre lay on
68-411: A lithographer . Zille's father wanted Heinrich to become a butcher, but Heinrich could not stand the sight of blood. After he finished school in 1872 he went to the draughtsman Fritz Hecht on Jakobstraße and started an apprenticeship as a lithographer. In 1883, he married Hulda Frieske, with whom he had three children. She died in 1919. Zille became best known for his (often funny) drawings, catching
102-472: A city landmark in 1995 for its modern East German architecture, but was nonetheless demolished in 2000. 52°30′47″N 13°24′24″E / 52.51306°N 13.40667°E / 52.51306; 13.40667 Mitte Mitte ( German: [ˈmɪtə] ) is the first and most central borough of Berlin . The borough consists of six sub-entities: Mitte proper , Gesundbrunnen , Hansaviertel , Moabit , Tiergarten and Wedding . It
136-406: A non profit association focused on renovating old ships and giving them new life. One of them, MS Heimatland, built in 1910, is a seat of Hošek Contemporary , art residency and gallery. The gallery focuses primarily on site specific installations, performing arts and experimental sound installations. The Petrikirche (St. Peter's Church) on Petriplatz, abutting Gertraudenstraße on the north side,
170-473: A real artist: he often said that his work was not the result of talent but merely of hard work. Max Liebermann nevertheless promoted him. He called him into the Berlin Secession in 1903, featured his work in exhibitions, and encouraged him to sell drawings – and when Zille lost his job as a lithographer in 1910, he encouraged him to live from his drawings alone. The Berlin "Common People" paid him
204-468: A supermarket. In 2000 the Ahornblatt was demolished, to be replaced by a multi-use centre including a hotel, flats and offices, despite protests that it should be preserved. As a result of the redevelopment of the site, the old locations of Roßstraße, Petristraße, Grünstraße and Gertraudenstraße can be seen in places. Fischerinsel is today the seat of Historic port of Berlin (Historischer Hafen Berlin),
238-456: Is Alexanderplatz with the prominent Fernsehturm (TV tower), Germany's highest building, and the large railway station with connections to many subway ( U-Bahn ), tramway ( Berlin trambahn ), city trains ( S-Bahn ) and buses. There are some important streets which connect Mitte with the other boroughs, e.g. the boulevard Unter den Linden which connects Alexanderplatz to the west with Brandenburg Gate and runs further as Straße des 17. Juni to
272-703: Is a Zille Memorial statue created in 1964–65 by Heinrich Drake in the Lapidary within Köllnischer Park , also in Mitte. An elementary school in Berlin's Friedrichshain district is named in his honor. A museum dedicated to Zille's work opened in Berlin's Nikolaiviertel , in Mitte, in 2002; in 2007 a statue of him by Thorsten Stegmann was erected nearby. It is less known that Zille produced many erotic pictures that are close to pornography but also show
306-476: Is elected by the borough assembly, and positions in the borough administration ( Bezirksamt ) are apportioned based on party strength. Stefanie Remlinger of the Greens was elected mayor on 20 October 2022. Since the 2021 municipal elections, the composition of the borough administration is as follows: Mitte is twinned with: Heinrich Zille Rudolf Heinrich Zille (10 January 1858 – 9 August 1929)
340-589: Is one of the two boroughs (the other being Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg ) which were formerly divided between East Berlin and West Berlin . Mitte encompasses Berlin's historic core and includes some of the most important tourist sites of Berlin like the Reichstag and Berlin Hauptbahnhof , Checkpoint Charlie , Museum Island , the TV tower , Brandenburg Gate , Unter den Linden , Potsdamer Platz , Alexanderplatz ,
374-673: Is the name of the biggest urban park in Mitte, located in the same-named locality . Tiergarten Park was established as a hunting ground in the 16th century by the Prussian kings. Today it is enclosed by densely built-up areas by Hansaviertel and Moabit in the north, the Government District in the east and the City West and the Embassy Quarter in the southwest. Many cultural monuments and memorials are located in
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#1732775849405408-468: The Gründerzeit only to find even deeper poverty in the developing proletarian class. His special talent was the scathingly humorous portrayal of what were in reality quite unfunny life conditions of handicapped beggars, tuberculous prostitutes, and menial labourers, and especially their children, making the best they could of life and resolutely refusing to give up. Zille did not consider himself
442-606: The Victory Column and the centre of former West Berlin in Charlottenburg , or Karl-Marx-Allee from Alexanderplatz to Friedrichshain and the eastern suburbs. The former Mitte district had been established by the 1920 Greater Berlin Act and comprised large parts of the historic city around Alt-Berlin and Cölln . Brandenburg Gate was the western exit at the Berlin city boundary until 1861. Between 1961 and 1990,
476-475: The "first group of high-rise buildings in the capital", but later conflicted with plans for a grand central urban axis. In 1971–73, the dramatic Großgaststätte Ahornblatt (Great Maple Leaf Restaurant) was added to serve the neighbourhood, which ultimately also included the five 21-storey blocks, a double block with 18- and 21-storey sections, a swimming centre opened in October 1979, two kindergartens, and
510-802: The Tiergarten Park, like the Siegessäule , the Soviet War Memorial and a historic rose garden. The Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe , the biggest victim group of the Nazi dictatorship, is located on the east side of the park, near the Brandenburg Gate and near the place where Hitler's New Reich Chancellery once was. The Kulturforum was built in the 1950s and 1960s at the edge of West Berlin , after most of
544-608: The area's East Berlin portion was surrounded by the Berlin Wall on the north, south and west. There were some border control points, the most notable of which was Checkpoint Charlie between Kreuzberg and Mitte, which was operated by the United States Army and was open to foreigners and diplomats. Two other checkpoints were at Heinrich-Heine-Straße/ Prinzenstraße east of Checkpoint Charlie, open to citizens of West Germany and West Berlin and on Invalidenstraße in
578-424: The borough had a population of 322,919, of whom 144.000 (44.5%) had a migration background. In the former West Berlin areas of Wedding, Gesundbrunnen and Moabit, foreigners and Germans of foreign origin compose nearly 70% of the population, while in Mitte proper the share of migrants is relatively low. The immigrant community is quite diverse, however, Turks , Africans , Eastern Europeans and East Asians form
612-608: The buildings in the Fischerinsel area. This was done beginning in 1964, including 30 registered landmarks, and the ancient street plan was effaced. The painter Otto Nagel , in the last years of his life, documented it in a series of pastels entitled Abschied vom Fischerkiez (Farewell to the Fishing Village), after calling in vain for its preservation in 1955. Breite Straße was extended and beginning in 1967, five residential tower blocks were built; they were announced as
646-553: The characteristics of people, especially "stereotypes", mainly from Berlin and many of them published in the German weekly satirical newspaper Simplicissimus . He was the first to portray the desperate social environment of the Berlin Mietskasernen (literally "tenement barracks "), buildings packed with sometimes a dozen persons per room who fled from the rural regions to the expanding industrial metropolis during
680-531: The city. It was popular with tourists and had been frequented and depicted by Heinrich Zille and Otto Nagel. Destroyed in 1943, it was recreated in 1987 in the Nikolaiviertel as part of the East German creation of a tourist old town there. The Großgaststätte Ahornblatt , designed by Gerhard Lehmann, Ulrich Müther, Rüdiger Plaethe and Helmut Stingel, was built in 1971–73. It was registered as
714-488: The east bank of the river. In the 18th century, boating professions became less important as the city industrialised. As a result, in the early 19th century, the Fischerinsel district stopped developing and became a neighbourhood which preserved the look of old Berlin, including the last gabled houses in the city. In the 20th century it became a tourist attraction. The neighbourhood and its high street, Fischerstraße, remained comparatively untouched after World War II.As if. Like
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#1732775849405748-591: The greatest respect, and very late in life his fame culminated when both poverty and freedom of expression reached new heights in the roaring twenties , with the National Gallery buying some drawings in 1921, the Academy of the Arts honouring him with a professorship in 1924, and Gerhard Lamprecht making the film Die Verrufenen based on his cartoon characters and stories in 1925. His 70th birthday in 1928
782-594: The largest groups. The governing body of Mitte is the borough assembly ( Bezirksverordnetenversammlung ). It has responsibility for passing laws and electing the borough administration, including the mayor. The most recent borough assembly election was held on 26 September 2021, and led to a coalition between the Greens and the social democrats. ( Zählgemeinschaft ) Stephan von Dassel (Greens, 2021-2022) 30/55 28/55 28/55 32/55 The 2021 results were as follows: The borough mayor ( Bezirksbürgermeister )
816-769: The latter six of which were in former East Berlin. Mitte ( German for "middle", "centre") is located in the central part of Berlin along the Spree River. It borders on Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf in the west, Reinickendorf in the north, Pankow in the east, Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg in the southeast, and Tempelhof-Schöneberg in the southwest. In the middle of the Spree lies Museum Island ( Museumsinsel ) with its museums, Berlin Cathedral ( Berliner Dom ) and Berlin Palace ( Berliner Schloss ). The central square in Mitte
850-475: The life of normal people; some of them can be seen in the Beate Uhse Erotic Museum in Berlin. In 1983 director Werner W. Wallroth made an East German film based on a musical written by Dieter Wardetzky and Peter Rabenalt . This movie, Zille und Ick ( Zille and I in Berlin dialect), is not a real biopic but uses parts of Zille's life for the story. A drawing by Zille appears on
884-783: The north on the border with the West Berlin Tiergarten district (the present-day Moabit locality). The government district is located in the locality of Tiergarten around the Reichstag Building. Most institutions of the German government have their seat at the Regierungsviertel Many embassies and the Federal Ministry of Defence in the historic embassy quarter in the south of the Tiergarten Park . Großer Tiergarten
918-718: The once unified city's cultural assets had been lost behind the Berlin Wall . The Kulturforum is characterized by its innovative modernist architecture; several buildings are distinguished by the organic designs of Hans Scharoun , and the Neue Nationalgalerie was designed by Mies van der Rohe , albeit originally as a private house. Among the cultural institutions housed in and around the Kulturforum are: The present-day borough of Mitte consists of six localities: (the former Mitte borough) (the former Tiergarten borough) (the former Wedding borough) As of 2010 ,
952-469: The rest of the borough of Mitte , it fell into the Soviet Zone which became East Berlin . In 1954, a plan was drawn up for the neighbourhood which emphasised conservation of the surviving buildings. Later plans envisaged replacement with low density housing (1957) and a perimeter development of tower blocks. However, in 1960 an overall plan was adopted for central Berlin which required demolition of all
986-560: The tallest building in Berlin. The building was wrecked by artillery fire and burnt during the battle for Berlin in 1945 because a Waffen-SS unit was holed up inside, and was demolished in 1964 as part of the clearance of the Fischerinsel. In its place will be built the House Of One - the world's first house of prayer for three religions. The last Cölln Town Hall ( Rathaus ) faced the Köllnischer Fischmarkt. It
1020-655: Was a German illustrator, caricaturist , lithographer and photographer. Zille was born in Radeburg near Dresden , son of watchmaker Johann Traugott Zill ( Zille since 1854) and Ernestine Louise (born Heinitz , daughter of a miner from the Ore Mountains ). His father had originally been a blacksmith, however, being technically skilled, had gone on to become a watchmaker, goldsmith and inventor of tools. Zille spent his early years in Potschappel. His childhood
1054-554: Was celebrated throughout Berlin. He died one year later. He is buried at the Stahnsdorf South-Western Cemetery near Berlin. Heinrich Zille Park on Bergstraße in Berlin's Mitte borough was named for him by the City of Berlin in 1948 and formerly featured a statue of him from the workshop of Paul Kentsch , but the statue's whereabouts are unknown and the park is now a children's adventure playground. There
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1088-498: Was designed by the court architect, Martin Grünberg , and built in 1710–23 in baroque style, but as a cost-cutting measure, the tower and entrance stairs were not built. It was demolished in 1899/90. The inn Zum Nußbaum at Fischerstraße 21, built in 1705 according to an inscription over the cellar entrance and named for the nut tree which formerly stood outside it, was one of the oldest remaining drinking establishments in
1122-454: Was not without trouble. His father was incarcerated several times in debtors' prison and creditors harassed the family so much that the young Zille was often sent to live with his grandmother. In 1867 the family left town because of their debts and moved to Berlin . While still in school, the young Zille began to take drawing lessons. The teacher was supportive, and during a discussion of his future career aspirations, encouraged Zille to become
1156-401: Was the parish church of Cölln and is presumed to have been founded in the first half of the 13th century, around the time the cities of Berlin and Cölln were both granted their charters. The last of five churches on the site, the second neo-Gothic church in the city, was designed by Heinrich Strack and built in 1846–53. It had a spire 111 metres (364 ft) high which was for some time
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